CN111501836B

CN111501836B - Prefabricated inspection well and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111501836B
Application number: CN202010321907.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈赐发; 陈素惠
Original assignee: Guangdong Zhongfan Construction Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Zhongfan Construction Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-22
Filing date: 2020-04-22
Publication date: 2021-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-22
Also published as: CN111501836A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of inspection wells, in particular to a prefabricated assembly type inspection well. It includes: the inspection shaft and set up the staircase of week side in the inspection shaft, the interior all sides of inspection shaft are provided with a plurality of guide posts, one side rotation of keeping away from the inspection shaft of guide post is provided with the connecting rod, all sides of connecting rod are provided with the take-up pulley, all sides winding of take-up pulley has wire rope, the one end that the take-up pulley was kept away from to wire rope is provided with the joint and detains, the joint is detained and is connected with safety clothing through coupling assembling, one side that the inspection shaft was kept away from to the guide post is provided with the emergency stop subassembly that is used for the emergency stop connecting rod. The invention can ensure the safety of the maintainers entering the inspection well, thereby effectively avoiding the accident of the maintainers entering the inspection well.

Description

Prefabricated inspection well and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of inspection wells, in particular to a prefabricated assembly type inspection well.

Background

The inspection well is arranged for the convenience of maintenance or installation of power supply, water supply, drainage, pollution discharge, communication, cable television, gas pipes, street lamp lines and the like of the urban underground infrastructure. Inspection wells are generally arranged at pipe junctions, bends, pipe diameter or slope changes, and linear pipe sections at regular intervals, and are mainly used for periodically inspecting auxiliary structures.

In the prior art, referring to fig. 7, a prefabricated assembly type manhole includes: the number of the arc bricks 121 is several, the adjacent arc bricks 121 are fixed by concrete, the inner side of each arc brick 121 is provided with an escalator 122, the escalator 122 is arranged, and a maintainer can enter the inspection well through the escalator 122; this kind of inspection shaft, when building, makes things convenient for maintainer's construction, sets up the staircase moreover, and maintainer can get into in the inspection shaft, makes things convenient for maintainer to maintain city underground infrastructure.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: when the maintainer maintained in entering into the inspection shaft, because the degree of depth of inspection shaft is darker, the maintainer directly enters into the maintenance through the staircase and advances, if the condition of skidding appears between maintainer and the staircase, this must form certain danger to the maintainer, and the life of maintainer is probably influenced to this when serious, awaits further improvement.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a prefabricated inspection well which can ensure the safety of maintainers entering the inspection well, thereby effectively avoiding the accident of the maintainers entering the inspection well.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

a prefabricated manhole comprising: the inspection shaft and set up the staircase of week side in the inspection shaft, the interior all sides of inspection shaft are provided with a plurality of guide posts, one side rotation of keeping away from the inspection shaft of guide post is provided with the connecting rod, all sides of connecting rod are provided with the take-up pulley, all sides winding of take-up pulley has wire rope, the one end that the take-up pulley was kept away from to wire rope is provided with the joint and detains, the joint is detained and is provided with safety clothing through coupling assembling, one side that the inspection shaft was kept away from to the guide post is provided with the emergency stop subassembly that is used for the emergency stop connecting rod.

By adopting the technical scheme, the safety of the maintainers entering the inspection well can be ensured, so that accidents of the maintainers entering the inspection well are effectively avoided, and the lives of the maintainers are prevented from being influenced; in the falling process, the device can stop at any time, and can protect the safety of the maintainers when the maintainers work at different depths in the inspection well; meanwhile, the whole process is simple to operate and convenient to use.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the scram assembly includes: articulated a plurality of locking hooks that inspection shaft one side was kept away from to the guide post, set up the locking hook is close to the slide of connecting rod one side, and the connection that slides is in locking lever in the slide sets up a plurality of compression spring between the locking hook sets up the hand power rope of locking lever bottom.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the scram subassembly, when the maintainer skidded, can protect the maintainer, ensure maintainer's security to the effectual maintainer condition of taking place the accident of having avoided.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: one side that the locking hook is close to the connecting rod is provided with anti-skidding line, the standing groove that is used for placing anti-skidding line is seted up to the week side of connecting rod, one of them the tip of locking hook is provided with the locking piece, another the locking groove with locking piece matched with is seted up to the tip of locking hook.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up anti-skidding line and standing groove to can increase the frictional force between locking hook and the connecting rod, and then increase the fixed effect of locking hook to the connecting rod.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the connecting assembly includes: the setting is in safety clothing week side just detain the locking ring who closes mutually with the joint, set up the installing port of locking ring week side articulates one of them tip of locking ring, be used for sealing the installing port and take the screwed closed rod, set up and be in another tip of locking ring and with closed rod threaded connection's fixed knot.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up coupling assembling to can detain firm fixed being in the same place safety clothing and joint, ensure the joint strength between safety clothing and the joint is detained, can realize dismantling moreover, after the maintainer work is finished, can detain the dismantlement with safety clothing from the joint, thereby effectually avoided long-term placing of safety clothing in the inspection shaft, the condition of damage appears in safety clothing.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: one side that the inspection shaft was kept away from to the guide post slides and is connected with the slider, one side that the guide post was kept away from to the slider is provided with many nylon ropes, one of them the one end that the slider was kept away from to the nylon rope is provided with the lifting hook that colludes mutually with the staircase, and another the one end that the slider was kept away from to the nylon rope is fixed mutually with the safety clothing through locking Assembly.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up slider, nylon rope and lifting hook to can be in the same place slider and staircase are fixed, and then can play the effect of further protection to maintainer's safety, avoid the maintainer unexpected condition to appear at the in-process of whereabouts.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the locking assembly includes: the nylon rope safety clothes hanger is characterized in that a first circular ring at one end of a sliding block is arranged on the nylon rope, a second circular ring at the periphery of the safety clothes is arranged on a threaded rod at the periphery of the first circular ring, and a sleeve which is connected with the threaded rod in a threaded mode at the periphery of the second circular ring is arranged on the periphery of the second circular ring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the locking subassembly to can be in the same place the firm fixing of safety clothing and slider, ensured the joint strength between safety clothing and the slider, can realize the dismantlement between safety and the nylon rope moreover, after the maintainer work is ended, can separate between safety clothing and the nylon rope, avoid long-term placing of safety clothing in the inspection shaft, the condition of damage appears in the safety clothing.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the side of the connecting rod is provided with a first take-up pulley, the side of the first take-up pulley is provided with a first steel wire rope, and one end, far away from the first take-up pulley, of the first steel wire rope is fixed with the top of the sliding block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up first take-up pulley and first wire rope to can be in the same place slider and connecting rod are fixed, when the maintainer meets accident, can ensure maintainer's safety.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the top of inspection shaft is provided with the closed door that is used for sealing the inspection shaft, the week side of closed door is provided with the fixed block, week side of inspection shaft is provided with the supporting shoe, be provided with the drive assembly who is used for driving the motion of closed door on the loading face of supporting shoe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up and seal the door, when not using the inspection shaft, can seal the inspection shaft, avoid someone to fall in the inspection shaft, ensure other personnel's security.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the drive assembly includes: the motor is horizontally arranged on the bearing surface of the supporting block, the bidirectional threaded rod is arranged on the output shaft of the motor, and the driving guide block is in threaded connection with the bidirectional threaded rod, and one side of the driving guide block is fixed with the fixing block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up drive assembly to can open or closed door with automatic mode, thereby great reduction the work load in the maintainer, save time, labour saving and time saving.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: a construction method of a prefabricated inspection well is characterized in that:

the first step is as follows: selecting a position for building an inspection well, building the inspection well, and arranging an escalator in the inspection well;

the second step is that: arranging guide posts on the periphery of the inspection well, arranging connecting rods between the guide posts, arranging a take-up pulley on the periphery of the connecting rods, winding a steel wire rope on the periphery of the take-up pulley, arranging a clamping buckle at the other end of the steel wire rope, and connecting the clamping buckle with the safety suit through a connecting assembly;

the third step: hinging a locking hook on one side of the guide post far away from the inspection well, opening a slideway on one side of the locking hook close to the connecting rod, arranging a locking rod in the slideway, and finally arranging a hand pull rope at the bottom of the slideway;

the fourth step: a sliding block is arranged on one side of the guide column, which is far away from the inspection well, a plurality of nylon ropes are arranged on one side of the sliding block, which is far away from the guide column, a lifting hook is arranged at one end of one nylon rope, which is far away from the sliding block, and the other nylon rope and one end, which is far away from the sliding block, are fixed with the safety clothes through a locking assembly;

the fifth step: a first take-up pulley is arranged on the periphery of the connecting rod, a first steel wire rope is arranged on the periphery of the first take-up pulley, and the other end of the first steel wire rope is fixed with the top of the sliding block;

and a sixth step: the inspection well comprises a closed door, fixing blocks, supporting blocks and a driving assembly, wherein the closed door is arranged at the top of the inspection well, the fixing blocks are arranged on the peripheral side of the closed door, the supporting blocks are arranged on the peripheral side of the inspection well, and the bearing surfaces of the supporting blocks are provided with the driving assembly.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can ensure the security of maintainer in getting into the inspection shaft to effectually avoided the maintainer to meet accident when getting into the inspection shaft, avoid influencing maintainer's life.

In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the invention can ensure the safety of the maintainers entering the inspection well, thereby effectively avoiding accidents of the maintainers entering the inspection well and avoiding influencing the lives of the maintainers;

2. the emergency stop component is arranged, so that when the maintainers slip, the maintainers can be protected, the safety of the maintainers is ensured, and the accident of the maintainers is effectively avoided;

3. the connecting assembly is arranged, so that the safety clothes and the clamping buckles can be firmly fixed together, the connecting strength between the safety clothes and the clamping buckles is ensured, the safety clothes can be detached, and the safety clothes can be detached from the clamping buckles after the overhaul personnel finish working, so that the situation that the safety clothes are damaged when the safety clothes are placed in the inspection well for a long time is effectively avoided;

4. set up slider, nylon rope and lifting hook to can be in the same place the slider is fixed with the staircase, and then can play the effect of further protection to maintainer's safety, avoid the maintainer unexpected condition to appear at the in-process of whereabouts.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion C in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the connecting rod and locking hook of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the driving assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure.

In the figure, 1, a manhole; 11. a locking hook; 12. a slideway; 13. a locking lever; 14. a compression spring; 15. a hand pull cord; 2. an escalator; 21. anti-skid lines; 22. a placement groove; 23. a locking block; 24. a locking groove; 3. a guide post; 31. a locking ring; 32. an installation port; 33. a closing rod; 34. a fixing buckle; 4. a connecting rod; 5. a take-up pulley; 51. a slider; 52. a nylon cord; 53. a hook; 6. a wire rope; 61. a first circular ring; 62. a second circular ring; 63. a threaded rod; 64. a sleeve; 7. a clamping buckle; 71. a first take-up pulley; 72. a first wire rope; 8. safety clothes; 81. a closing door; 82. a fixed block; 83. a motor; 84. a bidirectional threaded rod; 85. driving the guide block; 86. and (7) a supporting block.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a prefabricated manhole according to the present invention includes: the inspection well comprises an inspection well 1, an escalator 2, a guide post 3, a connecting rod 4, a take-up pulley 5, a steel wire rope 6, a clamping buckle 7 and a safety garment 8. The escalator 2 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the inspection well 1, and maintainers can enter the inspection well 1 through the escalator 2; the guide posts 3 are vertically arranged on the inner peripheral side of the inspection well 1, the number of the guide posts 3 is two, the guide posts are parallel to each other, and the angle between each guide post 3 and the escalator 2 is 90 degrees; one end of the connecting rod 4 is rotatably arranged on one side of one guide column 3 far away from the inspection well 1, and the other end of the connecting rod 4 is rotatably arranged on one side of the other guide column 3 far away from the inspection well 1; the take-up pulley 5 is arranged on the periphery of the connecting rod 4, and the take-up pulley 5 can be driven to rotate by rotating the connecting rod 4; the steel wire rope 6 is wound around the periphery of the take-up pulley 5, and the steel wire rope 6 can be put into a well through the rotation of the take-up pulley 5; the clamping buckle 7 is arranged at one end of the steel wire rope 6 far away from the take-up pulley 5, and the clamping buckle 7 is in a circular ring shape; the safety clothes 8 and the clamping buckles 7 are fixed through the connecting components, the safety clothes 8 are arranged, and when a vehicle inspection person enters the inspection well for inspection, the inspection person can wear the safety clothes 8 to protect the inspection person; set up coupling assembling to can detain 7 firm fixes being in the same place with safety clothing 8 and joint, ensure that the joint strength between safety clothing 8 and the joint is detained 7, can realize dismantling moreover, after the maintainer work is finished, can detain 7 with safety clothing 8 from the joint and dismantle down, avoid the long-term the placing of safety clothing 8 in inspection shaft 1, the condition of damage appears in safety clothing 8.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the connection assembly includes: a locking ring 31, a mounting opening 32, a closing rod 33 and a fixing buckle 34. The locking ring 31 is arranged on the periphery of the safety clothes 8, the locking ring 31 is oval, and the snap fastener 7 can be buckled on the locking ring 31; the mounting opening 32 is formed on the peripheral side of the locking ring 31, and the mounting opening 32 is formed, so that the locking ring 31 has a gap; the closing rod 33 is hinged to the end part of the locking ring 31, the closing rod 33 can close the locking ring 31, a complete ellipse can be formed after the closing rod 33 closes the locking ring 31, and one end, away from the locking ring 31, of the closing rod 33 is provided with threads; the fixing buckle 34 is screwed on the other end of the locking ring 31; the closing rod 33 is rotated to enable the clamping buckle 7 to be buckled on the locking ring 31, then the closing rod 33 is abutted against the locking ring 31, the fixing buckle 34 is rotated to enable the fixing buckle 34 to move to the closing rod 33, and the fixing buckle 34 is in threaded connection with the closing rod 33, so that the clamping buckle 7 and the safety clothes 8 can be firmly fixed together.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, one side of keeping away from inspection shaft 1 at guide post 3 is provided with the scram subassembly, sets up the scram subassembly, when the maintainer skids, can protect the maintainer, ensures maintainer's security to the effectual maintainer condition of taking place the accident of having avoided. In this embodiment, the emergency stop assemblies are two groups, wherein one group of emergency stop assemblies includes: locking hook 11, locking lever 13, slide 12, stopper, compression spring 14 and hand pull rope 15. The locking hooks 11 are hinged to one side, away from the inspection well 1, of the guide column 3, the locking hooks 11 are composed of two semicircles, the end portions of the two semicircles are fixed, the circle centers of the two semicircles are located on the same straight line, the number of the locking hooks 11 is two, the two locking hooks 11 are hinged to form a gourd shape, and when the semicircles located above are closed, the two locking hooks are abutted to the peripheral side of the connecting rod 4, so that the connecting rod 4 can be fixed; the slideway 12 is arranged on the opposite side wall of the lower semicircle; the locking rod 13 is connected in the slideway 12 in a sliding manner, and the locking rod 13 can slide along the extension direction of the slideway 12; the hand pull rope 15 is arranged at the bottom of the locking rod 13, the hand pull rope 15 is pulled, so that the locking rod 13 can be driven to move, the locking rod 13 is abutted against the bottom wall of the lower semicircle provided with the slide way 12, so that the two upper semicircles can be driven to move towards opposite directions, and the end parts of the two semicircles are abutted; two ends of the compression spring 14 are arranged on the opposite side walls of the lower semicircle, and when the semicircles are closed, the spring is in a stretching state; when the hand pull rope 15 is loosened, the spring returns to deform, so that the locking rod 13 slides in the vertical direction in the slide way 12, and the locking rod 13 slides into the sliding groove formed in the semicircle, so that the locking hook 11 loosens the connecting rod 4.

Referring to fig. 5, anti-slip threads 21 are arranged on the opposite side walls of the upper semicircle, a placing groove 22 is arranged at the position where the connecting column abuts against the semicircle, the anti-slip threads 21 can be arranged in the placing groove 22, and a locking groove 24 and the placing groove 22 are arranged, so that the connecting strength between the connecting rod 4 and the locking hook 11 can be increased; the locking block 23 is arranged at the end part of one locking hook 11, the locking groove 24 is arranged at the end part of the other opposite locking hook 11, the locking block 23 can be matched with the locking groove 24, the locking block 23 and the locking groove 24 are arranged, and therefore the connecting strength between the two locking blocks 23 can be increased.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a sliding block 51 is connected to one side of the guide post 3 away from the inspection well 1 in a sliding manner, the sliding block 51 can slide along the extending direction of the guide post 3, a nylon rope 52 is arranged on one side of the sliding block 51 away from the inspection well 1, the number of the nylon ropes 52 on one sliding block 51 is two, one end of one nylon rope 52 away from the sliding block 51 is provided with a hook 53, the hook 53 can be hooked on the escalator 2, and the hook 53 is hooked on the escalator 2 every layer of escalator 2 of a detector; be provided with the locking subassembly in the one end of another nylon rope 52, set up the locking subassembly to can be in the same place the firm fixing of safety clothing 8 with slider 51, ensured the joint strength between safety clothing 8 and slider 51, can realize moreover the dismantlement between safety and the nylon rope 52, after the maintainer finishes, can separate between safety clothing 8 and the nylon rope 52, avoid the long-term circumstances that safety clothing 8 damaged of appearing of placing in inspection shaft 1 of safety clothing 8.

In this embodiment, the locking assembly includes: a first ring 61, a second ring 62, a threaded rod 63 and a sleeve 64. The first circular ring 61 is arranged at one end of the other nylon rope 52 far away from the sliding block 51; the second ring 62 is mounted on the peripheral side of the safety garment 8; the threaded rod 63 is mounted on the peripheral side of the first ring 61 away from the slider 51; the sleeve 64 is installed on the side of the second ring 62 away from the safety clothes 8, and the threaded rod 63 can be screwed in the sleeve 64, so that the nylon rope 52 and the threaded rod 63 can be detachably installed.

Be provided with first take-up pulley 71 in the week side of connecting rod 4, the quantity of first take-up pulley 71 is two and is located the both sides of take-up pulley 5, week side of first take-up pulley 71 is provided with first wire rope 72, the other end of first wire rope 72 is fixed mutually with slider 51's top, set up first take-up pulley 71 and first wire rope 72, thereby can set up slider 51 and connecting rod 4 together, when the maintainer takes place the accident, the maintainer pulls the hand and acts on the line, thereby can fix connecting rod 4, and then can fix slider 51, ensure inspector's safety.

Referring to fig. 6, a closed door 81 is arranged at the top of the inspection well 1, the closed door 81 is semicircular, two closed doors 81 are provided, and a complete circle can be formed after the closed doors 81 are closed, fixed blocks 82 are installed on the peripheral sides of the closed doors 81, and one closed door 81 corresponds to one fixed block 82; the side of week at inspection shaft 1 is provided with supporting shoe 86, and supporting shoe 86 lies in same one side with fixed block 82, is provided with drive assembly on the loading face of supporting shoe 86, sets up drive assembly to can be to opening or seal closed door 81 with automatic mode, thereby great reduction the work load in the maintainer, save time, labour saving and time saving.

In this embodiment, the driving assembly includes: motor 83, two-way threaded rod 84, drive guide 85. The motor 83 is horizontally arranged on the bearing surface of the supporting block 86; the bidirectional threaded rod 84 is mounted on an output shaft of the motor 83, and the bidirectional threaded rod 84 can be driven to rotate through the rotation of the output shaft of the motor 83; the driving guide block 85 is in threaded connection with the bidirectional threaded rod 84, the top of the driving guide block 85 is fixed to the bottom of the fixed block 82, and the driving guide block 85 can be driven to move in the opposite or opposite direction through rotation of the bidirectional threaded rod 84, so that the sealing door 81 can be driven to open or close the inspection well 1.

The invention also provides a construction method of the prefabricated inspection well 1, which comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: selecting a position for building the inspection well 1, and arranging an escalator 2 in the inspection well 1;

the second step is that: arranging guide posts 3 on the periphery of the inspection well 1, arranging connecting rods 4 between the guide posts 3, arranging a take-up pulley 5 on the periphery of the connecting rods 4, winding a steel wire rope 6 on the periphery of the take-up pulley 5, arranging a clamping buckle 7 at the other end of the steel wire rope 6, and connecting the clamping buckle 7 with a safety garment 8 through a connecting assembly;

the third step: hinging a locking hook 11 on one side of the guide post 3 far away from the inspection well 1, opening a slideway 12 on one side of the locking hook 11 close to the connecting rod 4, arranging a locking rod 13 in the slideway 12, and finally arranging a hand pull rope 15 at the bottom of the slideway 12;

the fourth step: a slide block 51 is arranged on one side of the guide post 3 far away from the inspection well 1, a plurality of nylon ropes 52 are arranged on one side of the slide block 51 far away from the guide post 3, a hook 53 is arranged at one end of one nylon rope 52 far away from the slide block 51, and the other nylon rope 52 and one end far away from the slide block 51 are fixed with the safety clothes 8 through a locking assembly;

the fifth step: a first take-up pulley 71 is arranged on the peripheral side of the connecting rod 4, a first steel wire rope 72 is arranged on the peripheral side of the first take-up pulley 71, and the other end of the first steel wire rope 72 is fixed with the top of the sliding block 51;

and a sixth step: the inspection well comprises a closed door 81, a fixed block 82, a supporting block 86, a motor 83, a bidirectional threaded rod 84, a driving guide block 85 and the driving guide block 85, wherein the closed door 81 is arranged at the top of the inspection well 1, the fixed block 82 is arranged on the peripheral side of the closed door 81, the supporting block 86 is arranged on the peripheral side of the inspection well 1, the bearing surface of the supporting block 86 is provided with the motor 83, the output shaft of the motor 83 is provided with the bidirectional threaded rod 84, the bidirectional threaded rod 84 is sleeved with the driving guide block 85, and the driving guide block 85 is fixed with the fixed block 82.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated manhole comprising: inspection shaft (1) and set up in staircase (2) of inspection shaft (1) internal peripheral side, its characterized in that: the inspection well comprises an inspection well body and is characterized in that a plurality of guide columns (3) are arranged on the inner peripheral side of the inspection well body (1), a connecting rod (4) is rotatably arranged on one side, away from the inspection well body (1), of each guide column (3), a take-up pulley (5) is arranged on the peripheral side of each connecting rod (4), a steel wire rope (6) is wound on the peripheral side of each take-up pulley (5), a clamping buckle (7) is arranged at one end, away from the take-up pulley (5), of each steel wire rope (6), each clamping buckle (7) is connected with a safety garment (8) through a connecting assembly, and an emergency stop assembly for emergency stop of each connecting rod (4) is arranged on one side, away from the inspection well body (1), of each guide column (3); the scram assembly includes: articulate a plurality of locking hook (11) of inspection shaft (1) one side are kept away from in guide post (3), set up locking hook (11) are close to slide (12) of connecting rod (4) one side, slide and connect locking lever (13) in slide (12), set up and are in a plurality of compression spring (14) between locking hook (11) set up hand stay cord (15) of locking lever (13) bottom, locking hook (11) comprise two semicircles, and the tip of two semicircles is fixed mutually and is the centre of a circle of two semicircles and is located same straight line, the quantity of locking hook (11) is two, two locking hook (11) are articulated to form a calabash form.

2. A prefabricated manhole according to claim 1, wherein: locking hook (11) are close to one side of connecting rod (4) and are provided with anti-skidding line (21), standing groove (22) that are used for placing anti-skidding line (21) are seted up to the week side of connecting rod (4), one of them the tip of locking hook (11) is provided with locking piece (23), another locking groove (24) with locking piece (23) matched with are seted up to the tip of locking hook (11).

3. A prefabricated manhole according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting assembly includes: set up safety clothing (8) week side and with the joint buckle (7) locking ring (31) of colluding mutually, set up and be in mounting hole (32) of locking ring (31) week side articulate locking ring (31) one of them tip, be used for sealing mounting hole (32) and take the screwed closing rod (33), set up and be in another tip of locking ring (31) and with closing rod (33) threaded connection's fixed knot (34).

4. A prefabricated manhole according to claim 1, wherein: one side that inspection shaft (1) was kept away from in guide post (3) slides and is connected with slider (51), one side that guide post (3) were kept away from in slider (51) is provided with many nylon rope (52), one of them nylon rope (52) keep away from the one end of slider (51) and be provided with lifting hook (53) that collude mutually with staircase (2), another the one end that slider (51) were kept away from in nylon rope (52) is fixed mutually with safety clothing (8) through locking Assembly.

5. A prefabricated manhole according to claim 4, wherein: the locking assembly includes: the safety clothes comprises a first circular ring (61) arranged at one end, far away from a sliding block (51), of a nylon rope (52), a second circular ring (62) arranged at the periphery of the safety clothes (8), a threaded rod (63) arranged at the periphery of the first circular ring (61), and a sleeve (64) which is arranged at the periphery of the second circular ring (62) and is in threaded connection with the threaded rod (63).

6. A prefabricated manhole according to claim 4, wherein: the side of the connecting rod (4) is provided with a first take-up pulley (71), the side of the first take-up pulley (71) is provided with a first steel wire rope (72), and one end, far away from the first take-up pulley (71), of the first steel wire rope (72) is fixed to the top of the sliding block (51).

7. A prefabricated manhole according to claim 1, wherein: the top of inspection shaft (1) is provided with closed door (81) that is used for sealing inspection shaft (1), the week side of closed door (81) is provided with fixed block (82), week side of inspection shaft (1) is provided with supporting shoe (86), be provided with the drive assembly who is used for driving closed door (81) motion on the loading face of supporting shoe (86).

8. A prefabricated manhole according to claim 7, wherein: the drive assembly includes: the motor (83) is horizontally arranged on the bearing surface of the supporting block (86), a bidirectional threaded rod (84) is arranged on an output shaft of the motor (83), and a driving guide block (85) is sleeved on the bidirectional threaded rod (84) in a threaded manner, and one side of the driving guide block is fixed with the fixed block (82).

9. The construction method of a prefabricated manhole according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein:

the first step is as follows: selecting a position for building the inspection well (1), and arranging an escalator (2) in the inspection well (1);

the second step is that: arranging guide posts (3) on the periphery of an inspection well (1), arranging connecting rods (4) between the guide posts (3), arranging a take-up pulley (5) on the periphery of the connecting rods (4), winding a steel wire rope (6) on the periphery of the take-up pulley (5), arranging a clamping buckle (7) at the other end of the steel wire rope (6), and connecting the clamping buckle (7) with a safety garment (8) through a connecting assembly;

the third step: the locking hook (11) is hinged to one side, far away from the inspection well (1), of the guide column (3), meanwhile, a slide way (12) is arranged on one side, close to the connecting rod (4), of the locking hook (11), a locking rod (13) is arranged in the slide way (12), and finally, a hand pull rope (15) is arranged at the bottom of the slide way (12);

the fourth step: a sliding block (51) is arranged on one side, away from the inspection well (1), of the guide column (3), a plurality of nylon ropes (52) are arranged on one side, away from the guide column (3), of the sliding block (51), a lifting hook (53) is arranged at one end, away from the sliding block (51), of one nylon rope (52), and the other nylon rope (52) and one end, away from the sliding block (51), of the other nylon rope are fixed with the safety clothes (8) through a locking assembly;

the fifth step: a first take-up pulley (71) is arranged on the peripheral side of the connecting rod (4), a first steel wire rope (72) is arranged on the peripheral side of the first take-up pulley (71), and the other end of the first steel wire rope (72) is fixed with the top of the sliding block (51);

and a sixth step: the inspection well structure is characterized in that a closed door (81) is arranged at the top of the inspection well (1), fixing blocks (82) are arranged on the periphery of the closed door (81), supporting blocks (86) are arranged on the periphery of the inspection well (1), and a driving assembly is arranged on a bearing surface of each supporting block (86).