CN111500459A - Preparation method of perishable garbage degradation solid microbial inoculum - Google Patents
Preparation method of perishable garbage degradation solid microbial inoculum Download PDFInfo
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- CN111500459A CN111500459A CN202010251867.XA CN202010251867A CN111500459A CN 111500459 A CN111500459 A CN 111500459A CN 202010251867 A CN202010251867 A CN 202010251867A CN 111500459 A CN111500459 A CN 111500459A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a perishable garbage degradation solid microbial inoculum, which comprises the following steps: s10, after pretreatment, the perishable garbage is continuously fermented for 72h under the optimal condition, and the material is discharged; s20, collecting the discharged product, and screening by using a 60-mesh screen; s31, putting the screened large-particle incompletely-degraded perishable garbage and the carrier into the fermentation bin again for secondary fermentation; s32, collecting the completely degraded product; s40, putting the collected product after complete degradation into a vacuum drying oven, carrying out vacuum drying at 50 ℃ until the water content is reduced to 10% or below, and subpackaging as a solid microbial inoculum for degrading food sources. The method directly uses the perishable garbage as a microbial culture medium, combines the biological degradation and reduction treatment of the perishable garbage with the preparation of the solid microbial inoculum, and achieves the effects of reducing the use cost of the microbial inoculum and quickly recycling the garbage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biological fermentation, and relates to a preparation method of a perishable garbage degradation solid microbial inoculum.
Background
With the rapid development of society and the increasing improvement of the living standard of people, the problem of garbage disposal becomes an important problem which is unavoidable before the public. In order to facilitate the centralized treatment of various kinds of garbage, countries are gradually publicizing and beginning to implement garbage classification. Among the various waste classifications, perishable waste accounts for the largest proportion. At present, the treatment of perishable garbage mainly focuses on methods such as landfill, incineration, composting, biodegradation and the like. Considering the energy consumption and environmental protection problems, the reduction and recycling of microorganisms by using the degradation are one of the current research hotspots.
At present, the degradation and reduction of perishable garbage by using a microbial agent are more researched, and the biodegradation method can perform a good reduction effect on the perishable garbage with good classification. However, in the process of degrading a large amount of perishable garbage by using the microbial inoculum, microorganisms need to be continuously added to maintain the degradation effect of the garbage, so the cost requirement on the microbial inoculum is high. At present, the solid residues after the garbage degradation are generally converted into biological organic fertilizers by a way of carrying out secondary biological utilization on the solid residues, namely a way of utilizing biological composts.
In the existing research on degradation and reduction of perishable garbage by using microbial agents, liquid microbial agents and solid microbial agents used for degrading microorganisms are cultured by using culture media with higher cost, then are enriched and separated, and are put into perishable garbage treatment equipment to carry out reduction treatment on perishable garbage. In the process of degrading the perishable garbage, microorganisms need to be added continuously, and the consumption cost of the microorganisms is high. The organic solid residues generated in the microbial degradation process are generally subjected to fertilizer recycling treatment by utilizing biological composting, but the composting period is long, and the time cost required for recycling is overhigh.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a perishable garbage degradation composite microbial agent which can directly take perishable garbage as a microbial culture medium and combine the biological degradation and reduction treatment of the perishable garbage with the preparation of a solid microbial agent, and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a perishable garbage degradation solid microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
s10, after pretreatment, the perishable garbage is continuously fermented for 72h under the optimal condition, and the material is discharged;
s20, collecting the discharged product, and screening by using a 60-mesh screen;
s31, putting the screened large-particle incompletely-degraded perishable garbage and the carrier into the fermentation bin again for secondary fermentation;
s32, collecting the completely degraded product;
s40, putting the collected completely degraded product into a vacuum drying oven, vacuum drying at 50 ℃ until the water content is reduced to 10% or below, and subpackaging 1kg of each bag as a solid microbial inoculum for degrading food sources.
Preferably, the pretreatment includes preparing a liquid microbial inoculum and a carrier.
Preferably, the liquid microbial inoculum is an aerobic degradation food source microorganism liquid microbial inoculum, and the carrier comprises mulberry branch chips and rosin wood chips.
Preferably, the liquid microbial inoculum and the carrier are prepared by mixing the liquid microbial inoculum accounting for 1-3% of the mass ratio of the liquid microbial inoculum to the perishable garbage, mulberry branch chips accounting for 10-15% of the mass ratio of the mulberry branch chips to the perishable garbage and rosin wood chips accounting for 1% of the mass ratio of the mulberry branch chips and the rosin wood chips, and stirring for 30min to enable the mulberry branch chips and the rosin wood chips to adsorb the liquid microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the liquid microbial inoculum to the perishable garbage is 1%, and the mass ratio of the mulberry branch crumbs to the perishable garbage is 12%.
Preferably, the pretreatment further comprises the steps of crushing and squeezing dehydration of the perishable garbage, so that the particle size of the material is 12-60mm, and the water content of the material is 50-60%.
Preferably, the optimal conditions are that the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the air humidity is 40-60%, the pH value is 7-8, and the oxygen concentration is 14-20%.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention at least comprise the following:
1) comprehensively considering the reduction treatment of the perishable garbage and the comprehensive application of the preparation of the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum, the aim of selecting the liquid microbial inoculum with the mass ratio of 1-3 percent is to ensure that not only the garbage has a certain reduction effect, but also a certain output is output and used for preparing the material of the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum;
2) the mulberry branch crumbs have good capability of adsorbing microbial inoculum, have good air permeability and water absorption capability in the fermentation process of perishable garbage, ensure that the perishable garbage is subjected to good aerobic fermentation, and prevent the perishable garbage from caking and blocking in the fermentation process, and a large number of experiments of an applicant prove that the degradation efficiency of the garbage can be greatly promoted by taking the mulberry branch crumbs with the mass ratio of 10-15% of the perishable garbage;
3) rosin saw-dust has the absorptive ability of certain microbial inoculum, also can maintain good ventilative and dewatering effect in perishable rubbish fermentation process, and the rosin saw-dust has light rosin flavor, adds 1% rosin saw-dust and can carry out certain dilution to the foul smell that perishable rubbish degradation in-process produced, and the degradation food source solid microbial inoculum of follow-up preparation also has certain rosin smell.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a preparation method of a perishable garbage degrading solid microbial inoculum according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a perishable garbage degrading solid microbial inoculum according to an embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s10, after pretreatment, the perishable garbage is continuously fermented for 72h under the optimal condition, and the material is discharged;
s20, collecting the discharged product, and screening by using a 60-mesh screen;
s31, putting the screened large-particle incompletely-degraded perishable garbage and the carrier into the fermentation bin again for secondary fermentation;
s32, collecting the completely degraded product;
s40, putting the collected completely degraded product into a vacuum drying oven, vacuum drying at 50 ℃ until the water content is reduced to 10% or below, and subpackaging 1kg of each bag as a solid microbial inoculum for degrading food sources.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The pretreatment comprises the steps of preparing a liquid microbial inoculum and a carrier, wherein the liquid microbial inoculum is an aerobic degradation food source microorganism liquid microbial inoculum, and the carrier comprises mulberry branch chips and rosin wood chips. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing a liquid microbial inoculum with the mass ratio of 1% -3% of perishable garbage, mulberry branch chips with the mass ratio of 10% -15% of perishable garbage and rosin wood chips with the mass ratio of 1% of perishable garbage, stirring for 30min, and enabling the mulberry branch chips and the rosin wood chips to adsorb the liquid microbial inoculum.
The pretreatment also comprises the steps of crushing and squeezing dehydration of the perishable garbage to ensure that the particle size of the material is 12-60mm and the water content of the material is 50-60%. Before the perishable garbage is put into the equipment, classification must be done, heavy metals, plastic products, crude fibers and the like have great influence on the fermentation process and products, and the perishable garbage cannot be put into the equipment for fermentation.
The optimal conditions are that the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the air humidity is 40-60%, the pH value is 7-8, and the oxygen concentration is 14-20%. Index parameters such as material particle size, water content, equipment temperature, air humidity, pH value and oxygen concentration are all parameters for ensuring that aerobic liquid microbial inoculum ferments perishable garbage to be optimized.
Example 2
Pretreating classified and collected perishable garbage, then pouring the pretreated perishable garbage into perishable garbage treatment equipment, and pouring the carrier which fully adsorbs liquid strains into the equipment after stirring operation for 1 hour. Then uniformly stirring 1% of food source degrading microorganism liquid microbial inoculum, 12% of mulberry twig chip solid carrier and 1% of rosin wood chip carrier, and then feeding the mixture into equipment. And (4) continuously degrading for 72h under the optimal condition, and screening and discharging the product. And finally, drying the mixture at the temperature of 50 ℃ in vacuum until the water content is reduced to 10%, and subpackaging the mixture as a food source degrading solid microbial inoculum for storage.
Comparative example 1
Taking 4% liquid strain for fermentation and amplification culture, wherein the culture medium comprises brown sugar 10kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1kg, and urea 0.5 kg. And then carrying out centrifugal collection on the enriched microbial inoculum, and placing the collected microbial inoculum at the temperature of minus 50 ℃ for vacuum freeze drying to obtain the food source degradation solid microbial inoculum.
In the comparative example 1, the chemical finished products with higher cost such as brown sugar, monopotassium phosphate and urea are used as the culture medium for the enlarged culture of the microbial inoculum in the process of preparing the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum, but perishable garbage is used as the culture medium for fermenting the liquid microbial inoculum in the embodiment of the invention, so that a large amount of microbial inoculum culture cost is saved, and in the embodiment of the invention, the reduction of the perishable garbage is realized in the process of preparing the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum by the liquid microbial inoculum, and the recycling and reduction of the perishable garbage are synchronously carried out.
Comparative example 2
Mixing cow dung and mushroom dregs in a mass ratio of 4:1, fermenting at high temperature for 33 days, and preparing a decomposed organic fertilizer; then 80% of decomposed organic fertilizer and 20% of coconut husk brick are used as carriers to be stirred and mixed with liquid strains to prepare the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum.
In the comparative example 2, the carriers used in the preparation process of the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum are decomposed organic fertilizer and coconut husk bricks, while the mulberry branches and rosin sawdust are used as the carriers in the embodiment of the invention, so that the carriers are lower in cost and easier to prepare. In the comparative example 2, the liquid microbial inoculum is prepared into the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum by using the adsorption operation, and the number of the microbial inoculum is not amplified, but the liquid microbial inoculum is prepared into the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum and the perishable garbage is used as a culture medium to greatly amplify the number of the microbial inoculum in the process.
Therefore, through the steps, the perishable garbage is used as the microbial culture medium, and the food source degrading solid microbial inoculum is prepared while the perishable garbage is reduced. The prepared food source degrading solid microbial inoculum can be repeatedly used as a perishable garbage degrading microbial inoculum, so that the microbial inoculum cost in the garbage degrading process is reduced. And the method also solves the problem of organic solid residue left in the degradation process of the perishable garbage, reduces the time cost of recycling the perishable garbage, and synchronously completes the reduction and recycling of the perishable garbage.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a perishable garbage degradation solid microbial inoculum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, after pretreatment, the perishable garbage is continuously fermented for 72h under the optimal condition, and the material is discharged;
s20, collecting the discharged product, and screening by using a 60-mesh screen;
s31, putting the screened large-particle incompletely-degraded perishable garbage and the carrier into the fermentation bin again for secondary fermentation;
s32, collecting the completely degraded product;
s40, putting the collected completely degraded product into a vacuum drying oven, vacuum drying at 50 ℃ until the water content is reduced to 10% or below, and subpackaging 1kg of each bag as a solid microbial inoculum for degrading food sources.
2. A method of producing a perishable waste degrading solid bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein the pre-treatment comprises the preparation of a liquid bacterial agent and a carrier.
3. A method of preparing a perishable waste degrading solid bacterial agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the liquid bacterial agent is an aerobic degradation food source microorganism liquid bacterial agent, and the carrier comprises mulberry twig chips and rosin wood chips.
4. The preparation method of a perishable garbage degrading solid microbial inoculum according to claim 3, wherein the liquid microbial inoculum and the carrier are prepared by mixing a liquid microbial inoculum with a perishable garbage mass ratio of 1% -3%, mulberry branch chips with a perishable garbage mass ratio of 10% -15% and rosin wood chips with a perishable garbage mass ratio of 1%, and stirring for 30min to enable the mulberry branch chips and the rosin wood chips to adsorb the liquid microbial inoculum.
5. The preparation method of a perishable waste degrading solid microbial inoculum according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid microbial inoculum to the perishable waste is 1%, and the mass ratio of the mulberry branch crumbs to the perishable waste is 12%.
6. The preparation method of a perishable garbage degrading solid microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment further comprises crushing and squeezing dehydration of perishable garbage to make the particle size of the material 12-60mm and the water content of the material 50-60%.
7. A method of preparing a perishable garbage degrading solid bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein the optimal conditions are a temperature of 50-60 ℃, an air humidity of 40-60%, a pH of 7-8, and an oxygen concentration of 14-20%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112899264A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-04 | 杭州楠大环保科技有限公司 | Normal-temperature aerobic treatment method for perishable garbage |
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| CN101948337A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江大学 | Perishable organic garbage degrading bactericide carrier |
| CN104450661A (en) * | 2014-11-16 | 2015-03-25 | 浙江大学 | Solid fungicide for degrading food-sourced organic garbage |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112899264A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-04 | 杭州楠大环保科技有限公司 | Normal-temperature aerobic treatment method for perishable garbage |
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