CN111499831A - Polyurethane rubber-nylon composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyurethane rubber-nylon composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499831A CN111499831A CN202010458581.9A CN202010458581A CN111499831A CN 111499831 A CN111499831 A CN 111499831A CN 202010458581 A CN202010458581 A CN 202010458581A CN 111499831 A CN111499831 A CN 111499831A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polyurethane rubber-nylon composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polyurethane rubber-nylon composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-40% of polyol, 10-15% of isofatty acid, 6-12% of chain extender, 4-8% of plasticizer, 30-45% of prepolymer, 1-2% of catalyst and 1.2-1.8% of foaming agent. According to the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material and the preparation method thereof, the performance of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material can be obviously influenced by adjusting the mass ratio of the foaming agent, and when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is adjusted, indexes of various performances of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material generate relative fluctuation, so that the various performances fluctuate, and the various performances can not meet the use requirements, therefore, when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is controlled to be 1.5%, the various performances are balanced and can meet the use requirements, and the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material with the best performance is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of polyurethane rubber-nylon composite materials, in particular to a polyurethane rubber-nylon composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polyurethane is a polymer with repeated structural units of urethane chain segments, which is prepared by the reaction of isocyanate and polyol, has the best wear resistance in various rubbers, and has the characteristics of high strength, good elasticity, excellent oil resistance, oxidation resistance and the like, so that the polyurethane is widely applied to various industries, such as high-pressure sealing elements, oil-resistant sealing elements, gaskets and the like, and can also be used for paving track and field plastic runways and sports grounds; however, in the preparation process of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, a foaming agent needs to be added to enhance the elasticity of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, the amount of the foaming agent has obvious influence on various properties of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, and after the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material is prepared and molded, the drying treatment and slicing treatment of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material also influence various properties of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material and a preparation method thereof, which have the advantages of high tensile strength, high elongation, high hardness and strong tear resistance, and solve the problems of low tear resistance and low hardness of the existing polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material in a good elongation state in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-40% of polyol, 10-15% of isofatty acid, 6-12% of chain extender, 4-8% of plasticizer, 30-45% of prepolymer, 1-2% of catalyst and 1.2-1.8% of foaming agent.
Preferably, the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35% of polyol, 12% of isofatty acid, 9% of chain extender, 5% of plasticizer, 36% of prepolymer, 1.5% of catalyst and 1.5% of foaming agent.
Preferably, the polyol is one or two of polyether polyol and polyester polyol.
Preferably, the chain extender adopts one or more of ethanol, 1.4 butanediol and glycerol.
Preferably, the catalyst adopts one or two of morpholine triethylamine and triethylene diamine.
Preferably, the foaming agent adopts one or two of azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate.
Preferably, the foam stabilizer adopts one or two of polydimethylsiloxane and polyether modified polysiloxane.
Preferably, the plasticizer adopts one or two of dimethoxy ethanol phthalate and dipropylene glycol phthalate.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: the preparation method of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting isofatty acid MDI, butanediol BDO and polyalcohol POP, adding the isofatty acid MDI into a metering pump A, adding the butanediol BDO into a metering pump B, and adding the polyalcohol POP into a metering pump C.
S2: the metering pump A sets the metering added to the mixer according to the mass ratio of the addition of the isofatty acid MDI, the metering pump B sets the metering added to the mixer according to the mass ratio of the addition of the chain extender BDO, the metering pump C sets the metering added to the mixer according to the mass ratio of the addition of the polyol POP, the metering pump A, the metering pump B and the metering pump C are opened simultaneously, the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP with the mass ratio are added into the mixer, the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly mixed together in the mixer
S3: and weighing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent according to the mass ratio, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a powder mixer, and uniformly stirring and mixing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a whole in the powder mixer.
S4: when the temperature of the explosion rod stirrer reaches 85-100 ℃, opening the mixer, adding the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP into the explosion rod stirrer, after the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly stirred in the explosion rod stirrer, opening the powder mixer, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into the explosion rod stirrer, and after the explosion rod stirrer is stirred for reaction, extruding to obtain the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
S5: and (3) feeding the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material of the belt extruded in the S4 into a mold for molding, and drying the molded mold by adopting hot air to obtain the colloidal polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
S6: slicing the solid polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material according to the requirement, modifying the outer end face to obtain the required molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, and packaging the molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material and the preparation method thereof, the performance of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, such as tensile strength, elongation, Shore hardness, tearing degree and the like, can be obviously influenced by adjusting the mass ratio of the foaming agent, and compared with the condition that the mass ratio of the foaming agent is controlled to be 1.5% under the condition that the mass ratio of isofatty acid, a chain extender, a plasticizer, a prepolymer and a catalyst is not changed, when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is adjusted, indexes of various properties of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material generate relative fluctuation, so that various properties fluctuate, and the properties cannot meet the use requirements, therefore, when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is controlled to be 1.5%, the various properties are balanced and can meet the use requirements, and the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material with the best performance is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-40% of polyol, 10-15% of isofatty acid, 6-12% of chain extender, 4-8% of plasticizer, 30-45% of prepolymer, 1-2% of catalyst and 1.2-1.8% of foaming agent.
The raw materials are selected as follows: the polyol is one or two of polyether polyol and polyester polyol; the chain extender is one or more of ethanol, 1.4 butanediol and glycerol; the catalyst is one or two of morpholine triethylamine and triethylene diamine; the foaming agent is one or two of azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate; the foam stabilizer adopts one or two of polydimethylsiloxane and polyether modified polysiloxane; the plasticizer is one or two of dimethoxy ethanol ester phthalate and dipropylene glycol ester phthalate.
The first embodiment is as follows:
selecting the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35% of polyol, 12% of isofatty acid, 9% of chain extender, 5% of plasticizer, 36% of prepolymer, 1.5% of catalyst and 1.5% of foaming agent.
The raw materials are selected as follows: the polyol adopts polyether polyol, the chain extender adopts 1.4 butanediol, the catalyst adopts triethylene diamine, the foaming agent adopts sodium bicarbonate, the foam stabilizer adopts polydimethylsiloxane, and the plasticizer adopts dimethoxy ethyl phthalate.
Referring to fig. 1, the preparation method of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting isofatty acid MDI, butanediol BDO and polyalcohol POP, adding the isofatty acid MDI into a metering pump A, adding the butanediol BDO into a metering pump B, and adding the polyalcohol POP into a metering pump C.
The second step is that: the metering pump A sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the isofatty acid MDI, the metering pump B sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the chain extender BDO, the metering pump C sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the polyol POP, the metering pump A, the metering pump B and the metering pump C are opened simultaneously, the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP are added into the mixer according to the mass ratio, and the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly mixed together in the mixer.
The third step: and weighing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent according to the mass ratio, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a powder mixer, and uniformly stirring and mixing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a whole in the powder mixer.
The fourth step: when the temperature of the explosion rod stirrer reaches 85-100 ℃, opening the mixer, adding the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP into the explosion rod stirrer, after the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly stirred in the explosion rod stirrer, opening the powder mixer, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into the explosion rod stirrer, and after the explosion rod stirrer is stirred for reaction, extruding to obtain the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
The fifth step: and (3) feeding the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material of the belt extruded in the step (S4) into a mold for molding, and drying the molded mold by hot air, wherein the temperature of the hot air is controlled to be 50-70 ℃ to obtain the colloidal polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
And a sixth step: slicing the solid polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as required, and modifying the outer end face to obtain the required molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, wherein the obtained molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material is marked as A1, and packaging the molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
Example two:
selecting the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35.3% of polyol, 12% of isofatty acid, 9% of chain extender, 5% of plasticizer, 36% of prepolymer, 1.5% of catalyst and 1.2% of foaming agent.
The raw materials are selected as follows: the polyol adopts polyether polyol, the chain extender adopts 1.4 butanediol, the catalyst adopts triethylene diamine, the foaming agent adopts sodium bicarbonate, the foam stabilizer adopts polydimethylsiloxane, and the plasticizer adopts dimethoxy ethyl phthalate.
Referring to fig. 1, the preparation method of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting isofatty acid MDI, butanediol BDO and polyalcohol POP, adding the isofatty acid MDI into a metering pump A, adding the butanediol BDO into a metering pump B, and adding the polyalcohol POP into a metering pump C.
The second step is that: the metering pump A sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the isofatty acid MDI, the metering pump B sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the chain extender BDO, the metering pump C sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the polyol POP, the metering pump A, the metering pump B and the metering pump C are opened simultaneously, the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP are added into the mixer according to the mass ratio, and the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly mixed together in the mixer.
The third step: and weighing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent according to the mass ratio, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a powder mixer, and uniformly stirring and mixing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a whole in the powder mixer.
The fourth step: when the temperature of the explosion rod stirrer reaches 85-100 ℃, opening the mixer, adding the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP into the explosion rod stirrer, after the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly stirred in the explosion rod stirrer, opening the powder mixer, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into the explosion rod stirrer, and after the explosion rod stirrer is stirred for reaction, extruding to obtain the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
The fifth step: and (3) feeding the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material of the belt extruded in the step (S4) into a mold for molding, and drying the molded mold by hot air, wherein the temperature of the hot air is controlled to be 50-70 ℃ to obtain the colloidal polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
And a sixth step: slicing the solid polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as required, and modifying the outer end face to obtain the required molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, wherein the obtained molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material is marked as A2, and packaging the molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
Example three:
selecting the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 34.7% of polyol, 12% of isofatty acid, 9% of chain extender, 5% of plasticizer, 36% of prepolymer, 1.5% of catalyst and 1.8% of foaming agent.
The raw materials are selected as follows: the polyol adopts polyether polyol, the chain extender adopts 1.4 butanediol, the catalyst adopts triethylene diamine, the foaming agent adopts sodium bicarbonate, the foam stabilizer adopts polydimethylsiloxane, and the plasticizer adopts dimethoxy ethyl phthalate.
Referring to fig. 1, the preparation method of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting isofatty acid MDI, butanediol BDO and polyalcohol POP, adding the isofatty acid MDI into a metering pump A, adding the butanediol BDO into a metering pump B, and adding the polyalcohol POP into a metering pump C.
The second step is that: the metering pump A sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the isofatty acid MDI, the metering pump B sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the chain extender BDO, the metering pump C sets the metering to be added into the mixer according to the mass ratio of adding the polyol POP, the metering pump A, the metering pump B and the metering pump C are opened simultaneously, the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP are added into the mixer according to the mass ratio, and the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly mixed together in the mixer.
The third step: and weighing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent according to the mass ratio, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a powder mixer, and uniformly stirring and mixing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a whole in the powder mixer.
The fourth step: when the temperature of the explosion rod stirrer reaches 85-100 ℃, opening the mixer, adding the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP into the explosion rod stirrer, after the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly stirred in the explosion rod stirrer, opening the powder mixer, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into the explosion rod stirrer, and after the explosion rod stirrer is stirred for reaction, extruding to obtain the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
The fifth step: and (3) feeding the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material of the belt extruded in the step (S4) into a mold for molding, and drying the molded mold by hot air, wherein the temperature of the hot air is controlled to be 50-70 ℃ to obtain the colloidal polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
And a sixth step: slicing the solid polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as required, and modifying the outer end face to obtain the required molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, wherein the obtained molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material is marked as A3, and packaging the molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
A1, A2, A3 and standard polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material each performance test table
From the above table, it can be known that the performance of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, such as tensile strength, elongation, shore hardness, tearing degree, etc., can be obviously affected by adjusting the mass ratio of the foaming agent; as can be seen from the table,
when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is adjusted to 1.5 percent, the tensile strength is 25.6MPa, the elongation is 152 percent, the tearing degree is 39KN/m, and the Shore hardness is 97 SHA;
when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is adjusted to 1.2 percent, the tensile strength is 20.6MPa, the elongation is 134 percent, the tearing degree is 36KN/m, and the Shore hardness is 99 SHA;
when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is adjusted to 1.8 percent, the tensile strength is 26.8MPa, the elongation is 158 percent, the tearing degree is 41KN/m, and the Shore hardness is 93 SHA;
from the analysis, in the state that the mass ratio of the isofatty acid, the chain extender, the plasticizer, the prepolymer and the catalyst is not changed, compared with the state that the mass ratio of the foaming agent is controlled to be 1.5%, when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is adjusted, indexes of various properties of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material generate relative fluctuation, so that the properties are deteriorated, the description of A2 shows that the tensile strength, the elongation and the tearing degree of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material are obviously weakened relative to A1, the Shore hardness is increased accordingly, so that various properties are unbalanced, and the properties such as the tensile strength, the elongation and the tearing degree cannot reach the standard under the condition that the requirement of the Shore hardness can be met; the A3 shows that the tensile strength, the elongation and the tearing degree are obviously enhanced relative to A1, but the Shore hardness is obviously reduced, and the hardness requirement in use cannot be met; therefore, when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is controlled to be 1.5%, all the performances are balanced and can meet the use requirements, and the obtained polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material has the best performance.
In summary, according to the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the performance of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, such as tensile strength, elongation, shore hardness, tear degree and the like, can be obviously affected by adjusting the mass ratio of the foaming agent, and under the condition that the mass ratio of the isofatty acid, the chain extender, the plasticizer, the prepolymer and the catalyst is not changed, compared with the condition that the mass ratio of the foaming agent is controlled to be 1.5%, when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is adjusted, indexes of various performances of the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material generate relative fluctuation, so that various performances are fluctuated, and the various performances can not reach the use requirements, therefore, when the mass ratio of the foaming agent is controlled to be 1.5%, the various performances are balanced and can reach the use requirements, and the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material with the best performance is obtained.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-40% of polyol, 10-15% of isofatty acid, 6-12% of chain extender, 4-8% of plasticizer, 30-45% of prepolymer, 1-2% of catalyst and 1.2-1.8% of foaming agent.
2. The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method comprises the following steps of: 35% of polyol, 12% of isofatty acid, 9% of chain extender, 5% of plasticizer, 36% of prepolymer, 1.5% of catalyst and 1.5% of foaming agent.
3. The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the polyol is one or two of polyether polyol and polyester polyol.
4. The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chain extender is one or more of ethanol, 1.4 butanediol and glycerol.
5. The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the catalyst adopts one or two of morpholine triethylamine and triethylene diamine.
6. The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the foaming agent adopts one or two of azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate.
7. The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the foam stabilizer adopts one or two of polydimethylsiloxane and polyether modified polysiloxane.
8. The polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plasticizer is one or two of dimethoxy ethanol phthalate and dipropylene glycol phthalate.
9. The method for preparing the polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting isofatty acid MDI, butanediol BDO and polyalcohol POP, adding the isofatty acid MDI into a metering pump A, adding the butanediol BDO into a metering pump B, and adding the polyalcohol POP into a metering pump C;
s2: the metering pump A sets the adding amount of the metering pump to the mixer according to the adding mass ratio of the isofatty acid MDI, the metering pump B sets the adding amount of the metering pump to the mixer according to the adding mass ratio of the chain extender BDO, the metering pump C sets the adding amount of the metering pump to the mixer according to the adding mass ratio of the polyol POP, the metering pump A, the metering pump B and the metering pump C are opened at the same time, the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP with the mass ratio are added into the mixer, and the isofatty acid MDI, the chain extender BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly mixed together in the mixer;
s3: weighing a plasticizer, a prepolymer, a catalyst and a foaming agent according to the mass ratio, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a powder mixer, and uniformly stirring and mixing the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into a whole in the powder mixer;
s4: when the temperature of the pin tumbler mixer reaches 85-100 ℃, opening the mixer, adding the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP into the pin tumbler mixer, after the isofatty acid MDI, the butanediol BDO and the polyol POP are uniformly mixed in the pin tumbler mixer, opening the powder mixer, adding the plasticizer, the prepolymer, the catalyst and the foaming agent into the pin tumbler mixer, and after the pin tumbler mixer is used for mixing reaction, extruding to obtain the initial polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material;
s5: feeding the initial-state polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material of the belt extruded in the S4 into a mold for molding, and drying the molded mold by hot air to obtain a colloidal polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material;
s6: slicing the solid polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material according to the requirement, modifying the outer end face to obtain the required molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material, and packaging the molded polyurethane rubber-polyamide composite material.
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