CN111499350A - Short-flow dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash - Google Patents

Short-flow dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash Download PDF

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CN111499350A
CN111499350A CN202010327719.1A CN202010327719A CN111499350A CN 111499350 A CN111499350 A CN 111499350A CN 202010327719 A CN202010327719 A CN 202010327719A CN 111499350 A CN111499350 A CN 111499350A
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fly ash
dry
foamed ceramic
feldspar
mixing
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姚长青
徐顺涛
刘纯杰
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Shandong Yike Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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Shandong Yike Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of foamed ceramic preparation processes, and particularly relates to a short-flow dry process for preparing foamed ceramic by using fly ash, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing materials: coarsely crushing the fly ash, the feldspar like raw material and the auxiliary material to 20-100 meshes; (2) grinding: mixing the crushed fly ash and the feldspar-like raw material with auxiliary materials, putting the mixture into a ball mill for dry grinding, and winnowing out particles with the particle size of less than 325 meshes to obtain powder; (3) mixing materials: putting the powder and the foaming agent into a mixer for dry mixing to obtain a formula material; (4) and (3) firing: distributing the formula material on a silicon carbide plate, and then sintering; (5) cutting: and cooling the fired large plate, and cutting to obtain a finished product. The invention realizes the foaming requirement of the fly ash by the dry powder preparation processing technology, shortens the process flow, is simple to operate, greatly reduces the production cost, can greatly reduce the emission of atmospheric pollutants in the production process, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

Short-flow dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of foamed ceramic preparation processes, and particularly relates to a short-flow dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash.
Background
The fly ash is used as one of the current industrial waste residues with large discharge amount in China, and is mainly generated and collected from coal-fired flue gas of a thermal power plant. The fly ash mainly comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, ferric oxide, titanium oxide and the like, and simultaneously contains a small amount of vitreous body and a trace amount of unburned carbon, and because the volume-weight ratio of the fly ash is light, the fly ash is easy to form raised dust and is not easy to store, and simultaneously is easy to pollute soil and damage the environment. The storage and the production amount of the fly ash are huge, how to comprehensively utilize the fly ash, realize the industrial production and change waste into valuable is a very important problem for production and manufacturing enterprises, and the fly ash mainly has the following purposes according to different standards at present: the method comprises the steps of firstly, using the cement as a cement filler to prepare high-grade concrete, secondly, producing cement aerated building blocks, and thirdly, producing micro-beads, floating beads, preparing heat insulation materials and fillers, and the like. According to the component analysis of the fly ash, the glass phase component is added, and the dry process technologies such as mixing, grinding, distributing, sintering, cutting and the like can be used for producing the foamed ceramic.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the short-flow dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash is characterized by taking fly ash as a main material, adding feldspar like raw material, auxiliary material and foaming agent, and realizing the foaming requirement of the fly ash through a dry powder preparation processing process.
The short-flow dry process for preparing the foamed ceramic by the fly ash comprises the following steps of:
(1) ingredients
The raw materials comprise 30-75% of fly ash, 15-60% of feldspar like raw material, 5-12% of auxiliary material and foaming agent by mass percent; because the fly ash is a relatively fine material, the fly ash can become lighter and finer to grind under the same condition, so the minerals of the feldspar like raw material need to be crushed, and the fly ash, the feldspar like raw material and the auxiliary material are crushed to 20-100 meshes, so that the particle size matching of the materials is reasonable, and the grinding efficiency and the uniformity and the dispersibility of the materials are improved;
(2) grinding
Mixing the crushed fly ash and the feldspar-like raw material with auxiliary materials, putting the mixture into a continuous ball mill, carrying out dry grinding, and screening out particles with the particle size of less than 325 meshes to obtain powder;
(3) mixing material
Putting the powder obtained in the step (2) and a foaming agent into a mixer for dry mixing to obtain a formula material;
(4) firing into
Distributing the formula material obtained in the step (2) on a silicon carbide plate, and then sintering;
(5) cutting of
And cooling the fired large plate, and cutting to obtain a finished product.
Preferably, the feldspar-like raw material is one or more of feldspar, tailings with similar components to the feldspar or industrial solid waste.
Preferably, the auxiliary material is one or more of heavy calcium, dolomite, talc, magnesite compound or caustic magnesium.
Preferably, the foaming agent is a silicon carbide foaming agent
Preferably, the mass ratio of the auxiliary materials to the foaming agent is 10:1-15: 1.
Preferably, the dry grinding in step (2) is carried out by adopting an air separation process to screen out particles with the particle size of less than 325 meshes. The powder meeting the requirement of the particle size in the grinding process by adopting the winnowing process can be immediately selected, and the over-grinding phenomenon in the grinding process is avoided as much as possible, so that the energy consumption required by grinding is greatly reduced.
Preferably, the sintering temperature in the step (4) is 1160-1200 ℃, and the sintering period is 12-20 hours.
The dry mixing in the step (3) can remove the spray drying process in the wet process, does not consume energy in the spray drying process, and can reduce the emission of atmospheric pollutants in the production process.
The cost per ton of raw material processed by the present invention compared to the conventional wet process is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 cost comparison
Content providing method and apparatus Short flow dry process Conventional wet process
Pulverized fuel gas m3 9 40
Drying Process m3 0 7
Total up to 9 47
Conversion money (Yuan) 24.3 126.9
Content providing method and apparatus Dry powder making process Conventional wet process
Cost of raw materials (Yuan) 30-50 30-50
Additive (Yuan) 0 8-12
Ball stone (Yuan) 6 6
Freight charges 10-20 10-20
Total (yuan) 70-100 180-225
Note: the real-time price of the natural gas is 2.7 yuan/m3。
As can be seen from Table 1, the short-flow dry process provided by the invention for preparing foamed ceramics can save a great deal of cost for enterprises compared with the traditional wet process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method takes the fly ash as a main material, and the feldspathic raw material, the auxiliary material and the foaming agent are added to meet the foaming requirement of the fly ash through the dry powder preparation processing technology, so that the traditional foaming wet process is abandoned, the process flow is shortened, the operation is simple, the production cost is greatly reduced, the foaming requirement of the dry powder preparation with the fly ash as the main material is met, the resource waste is avoided, the emission of atmospheric pollutants in the production process can be greatly reduced, and the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The short-flow dry process for preparing the foamed ceramic by the fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) coarse crushing of the ingredients
The raw materials comprise 30% of fly ash, 63.5% of feldspar-like raw material, 6% of auxiliary material and 0.5% of silicon carbide foaming agent by mass percentage, and the fly ash, the feldspar-like raw material and the auxiliary material are coarsely crushed to 30 meshes;
(2) grinding
Mixing the coarsely crushed fly ash and feldspar-like raw materials with auxiliary materials, putting the mixture into a pipe mill with the diameter of 1.2m and the length of 4m, carrying out dry grinding, and then carrying out air separation on fine powder with the particle size of below 325 meshes to obtain the fineness of the powder, wherein the surplus of the feldspar is 1.5 percent on a 325-mesh sieve, the surplus of the fly ash is 1 percent on the 325-mesh sieve, and the surplus of the auxiliary materials is 0.8 percent on the 325-mesh sieve to;
(3) mixing material
Putting the powder obtained in the step (2) and a silicon carbide foaming agent into a mixer to carry out dry mixing and mixing for 3 minutes to obtain a formula material;
(4) firing into
And (4) distributing the formula material obtained in the step (3) on a silicon carbide plate, and then sintering at 1160 ℃ for a sintering period of 20 hours. (ii) a
(5) Cutting of
And cooling the fired large plate, and cutting to obtain a finished product.
The auxiliary materials are heavy calcium carbonate and dolomite, and the feldspar-like raw material is feldspar.
Example 2
The short-flow dry process for preparing the foamed ceramic by the fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) coarse crushing of the ingredients
The raw materials comprise 50% of fly ash, 40% of feldspar-like raw material, 9.5% of auxiliary material and 0.5% of silicon carbide foaming agent by mass percent, and the fly ash, the feldspar-like raw material and the auxiliary material are coarsely crushed to 40 meshes;
(2) grinding
Mixing the coarsely crushed fly ash and feldspar-like raw materials with auxiliary materials, putting the mixture into a pipe mill with the diameter of 1.2m and the length of 4m, carrying out dry grinding, and then carrying out air separation on fine powder with the particle size of below 325 meshes to obtain the fineness of the powder, wherein the surplus of the feldspar is 1.5 percent on a 325-mesh sieve, the surplus of the fly ash is 1 percent on the 325-mesh sieve, and the surplus of the auxiliary materials is 0.8 percent on the 325-mesh sieve to;
(3) mixing material
Putting the powder obtained in the step (2) and a silicon carbide foaming agent into a mixer to carry out dry mixing and mixing for 3 minutes to obtain a formula material;
(4) firing into
And (4) distributing the formula material obtained in the step (3) on a silicon carbide plate, and then firing at 1180 ℃ for 15 hours. (ii) a
(5) Cutting of
And cooling the fired large plate, and cutting to obtain a finished product.
The auxiliary materials are heavy calcium carbonate and dolomite, and the feldspar-like raw material is industrial solid waste with similar components to the feldspar.
Example 3
The short-flow dry process for preparing the foamed ceramic by the fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) coarse crushing of the ingredients
The raw materials comprise 75% of fly ash, 15% of feldspar-like raw material, 9.3% of auxiliary material and 0.7% of silicon carbide foaming agent by mass percent, and the fly ash, the feldspar-like raw material and the auxiliary material are coarsely crushed to 80 meshes;
(2) grinding
Mixing the coarsely crushed fly ash and feldspar-like raw materials with auxiliary materials, putting the mixture into a pipe mill with the diameter of 1.2m and the length of 4m, carrying out dry grinding, and then carrying out air separation on fine powder with the particle size of below 325 meshes to obtain the fineness of the powder, wherein the surplus of the feldspar is 1.5 percent on a 325-mesh sieve, the surplus of the fly ash is 1 percent on the 325-mesh sieve, and the surplus of the auxiliary materials is 0.8 percent on the 325-mesh sieve to;
(3) mixing material
Putting the powder obtained in the step (2) and a silicon carbide foaming agent into a mixer to carry out dry mixing and mixing for 3 minutes to obtain a formula material;
(4) firing into
And (4) distributing the formula material obtained in the step (3) on a silicon carbide plate, and then sintering at the sintering temperature of 1200 ℃ for 12 hours. (ii) a
(5) Cutting of
And cooling the fired large plate, and cutting to obtain a finished product.
The auxiliary materials are heavy calcium carbonate and talc, and the feldspar-like raw material is tailings with similar components to the feldspar.
The foamed ceramic products prepared in examples 1 to 3 were subjected to property testing, and the test data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 EXAMPLES 1-3 Final product specifications
Figure BDA0002463809400000051
Of course, the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A short-flow dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) coarse crushing of the ingredients
The raw materials comprise 30-75% of fly ash, 15-60% of feldspar-like raw material, 5-12% of auxiliary material and foaming agent by mass percent, and the fly ash, the feldspar-like raw material and the auxiliary material are coarsely crushed to 20-100 meshes;
(2) grinding
Mixing the coarsely crushed fly ash and feldspar-like raw materials with auxiliary materials, putting the mixture into a ball mill, carrying out dry grinding, and screening out particles with the particle size smaller than 325 meshes to obtain powder;
(3) mixing material
Putting the powder obtained in the step (2) and a foaming agent into a mixer for dry mixing to obtain a formula material;
(4) firing into
Distributing the formula material obtained in the step (3) on a silicon carbide plate, and then sintering;
(5) cutting of
And cooling the fired large plate, and cutting to obtain a finished product.
2. The short process dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the auxiliary material is one or more of heavy calcium, dolomite, talc, magnesite compound or caustic magnesium.
3. The short process dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the foaming agent is a silicon carbide foaming agent.
4. The short process dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the auxiliary materials to the foaming agent in the step (1) is 10:1-15: 1.
5. The short process dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) screening out particles with the particle size of less than 325 meshes by adopting a winnowing process in the dry grinding in the step (2).
6. The short process dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sintering temperature in the step (4) is 1160-1200 ℃, and the sintering period is 12-20 hours.
CN202010327719.1A 2020-04-23 2020-04-23 Short-flow dry process for preparing foamed ceramic from fly ash Withdrawn CN111499350A (en)

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Application publication date: 20200807