CN111499312A - Expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499312A CN111499312A CN202010440608.1A CN202010440608A CN111499312A CN 111499312 A CN111499312 A CN 111499312A CN 202010440608 A CN202010440608 A CN 202010440608A CN 111499312 A CN111499312 A CN 111499312A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
- C09K3/185—Thawing materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering, and particularly discloses expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of cement, 400 parts of coarse aggregate, 250 parts of fine aggregate, 10-100 parts of water and 10-100 parts of composite phase-change material. The scheme is mainly used for preparing the phase-change cement concrete, and solves the problem that in the prior art, repeated snowing or repeated icing brings inconvenience to a deicer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering, and particularly discloses expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Most areas in the north of China belong to ice and snow areas, and the problem of snow accumulation and icing on the road surface is common. In the early winter and the early spring of the ice and snow area and in the winter of the middle part, the temperature and the humidity alternate day and night, and under the action of temperature, humidity and vehicle load, a thin ice layer is easily formed on a road surface, so that the traffic safety of roads is influenced. The ice and snow reduce the friction coefficient of the road surface, the adhesive force is obviously reduced, the braking and steering stability of the vehicle is poor, and the brake of the vehicle fails and the direction is out of control; the vehicle is easy to slip and deviate, and the braking distance is obviously increased. The frozen ice on the road surface can also cause serious damage to the performance of the road surface material, and after moisture enters the concrete, the frozen ice is frozen due to temperature reduction, thereby generating frozen cracks.
In the prior art, the common road snow and ice melting technologies are divided into two main categories, namely passive snow melting and ice melting and active snow melting. The passive snow and ice melting technology refers to a method for melting or removing snow and ice coatings on road surfaces by adopting a plurality of methods, and mainly comprises the steps of manual snow removal, mechanical snow removal and spreading of snow melting agent. The active snow and ice melting technology adopts a series of means to prevent the formation of ice and snow or to melt the ice and snow quickly after the ice and snow cover the road surface for a short time, and is divided into a thermodynamic method, a chemical method and a physical method. The snow removing or deicing method in the prior art needs to be determined according to weather conditions, and inconvenience is brought to a deicer by repeated snowing or repeated icing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that repeated snowing or repeated icing in the prior art brings inconvenience to a deicer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase change cement concrete and the preparation method thereof comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of cement, 400 parts of coarse aggregate, 250 parts of fine aggregate, 10-100 parts of water and 10-100 parts of composite phase-change material.
Further, the material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 337 parts of coarse aggregate, 190 parts of fine aggregate, 40 parts of water and 27 parts of composite phase-change material.
Furthermore, the coarse aggregate is limestone, and the limestone is blended by two particle sizes of 5-10mm and 10-20mm, and the particle size range of the limestone is 2.36-19 mm.
Furthermore, river sand is adopted as the fine aggregate, and the particle size range is 0.15-4.75 mm.
Further, the composite phase-change material is tetradecane and expanded graphite with the particle sizes of 0.3mm and 0.6mm, and the tetradecane and the expanded graphite with the two particle sizes respectively account for 50% of the weight of the two composite phase-change materials.
Further, the preparation method of the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the expanded graphite in an oven at 100 ℃ for 2h, fully drying, adding the dried expanded graphite into a beaker, and pouring tetradecane into the beaker to completely submerge the expanded graphite;
(2) placing the beaker in the step (1) in a 60 ℃ water bath, stirring for 30min by a constant speed stirrer, and scraping expanded graphite which is stirred and raised and is stuck on the wall of the beaker during stirring so as to ensure the full contact of materials and obtain a uniform mixture after complete adsorption;
(3) pouring the uniform mixture stirred in the step (2) into a funnel, connecting a vacuum pump for suction filtration until no liquid drips from the bottom of the funnel, repeatedly washing the beaker with the filtrate, and performing suction filtration until no expanded graphite residue exists in the beaker;
(4) putting the solid obtained by suction filtration in the step (3) into an oven for forced air drying at the temperature of 80 ℃, taking out the solid at intervals of half an hour, weighing the solid, and observing the surface drying state of the solid until the mass loss rate of the material is reduced and the sample is loose and granular, namely the composite phase change material;
(5) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of cement, 400 parts of coarse aggregate, 250 parts of fine aggregate, 10-100 parts of water and 10-100 parts of composite phase-change material;
(6) pouring the composite phase change material in the step (4) and the fine aggregate in the step (5) into a stirrer together, and stirring for 2min in advance;
(7) pouring the cement and the coarse aggregate in the step (5) into the stirrer in the step (6), stirring the cement and the coarse aggregate with the mixed material in the step (2) for 5min, and adding water to stir for 5-10min again;
(8) and (4) controlling the ambient temperature to be 20 +/-5 ℃, and beating the slurry obtained in the step (7) to obtain the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete.
Further, the stirring speed in the step (2) is 160 r/min.
Further, the stirring speed in the step (6) is 60-80r/min, and the stirring speed in the step (7) is 100-160 r/min.
Further, the striking method in the step (8) is to strike 80-90 times by using a Marshall compaction device.
Further, the relative humidity in the air in the step (8) is 80 +/-5%, and the ambient temperature is controlled at 20 +/-5 ℃.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
(1) tetradecane in the alkane material has proper phase change temperature, large phase change latent heat and good phase change circulation stability, and is a proper anti-freezing phase change material. By utilizing the self phase change characteristic, the method can effectively prevent the generation of ice on the cement concrete pavement in winter, reduce the frost cracking of the cement concrete, improve the driving safety and prolong the service life of the cement concrete pavement;
(2) the composite phase change material tetradecane/expanded graphite has no activity and does not react with cement, so the composite phase change material tetradecane/expanded graphite is selected to be added into cement paste in a form of direct external doping. Compared with the method that the composite phase-change material is used as a cementing material to replace a part of cement to be doped, the external doping mode can not only ensure that the strength loss of the concrete is reduced to the minimum, but also ensure that the cement concrete has the characteristics of the phase-change material;
(3) the raw materials of the invention are cheap and easily available, the preparation method is simple, and the invention has good market prospect;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of expanded graphite;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the FT-IR test results of the composite phase change material; the adsorption shaping of tetradecane and expanded graphite is only simple physical mixing, no chemical reaction occurs, and the compatibility is good;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a composite phase change material product;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a phase-change cement concrete embodiment according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed with reference to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4 by the specific embodiments:
the method used in the invention is a conventional production method if no special provisions are made; the starting materials used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional commercial products. The conditions used in the examples may be further adjusted according to the conditions of the particular manufacturer, and the conditions not specified are generally the conditions in routine experiments. The coarse aggregate adopted in the embodiment is blended by two size fractions of 5-10mm and 10-20mm, and the particle size range of the limestone is 2.36-19 mm. The fine aggregate is river sand with the particle size range of 0.15-4.75 mm. The composite phase-change material is tetradecane and expanded graphite with the grain sizes of 0.3mm and 0.6mm, and the tetradecane and the expanded graphite with the two grain sizes respectively account for 50 percent of the weight of the two composite phase-change materials. The expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete material in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
(1) placing the expanded graphite in an oven at 100 ℃ for 2h, fully drying, adding the dried expanded graphite into a beaker, and pouring tetradecane into the beaker to completely submerge the expanded graphite;
(2) placing the beaker in the step (1) in a 60 ℃ water bath, stirring for 30min by a constant speed stirrer, and scraping expanded graphite which is stirred and raised and is stuck on the wall of the beaker during stirring so as to ensure the full contact of materials and obtain a uniform mixture after complete adsorption;
(3) pouring the uniform mixture stirred in the step (2) into a funnel, connecting a vacuum pump for suction filtration until no liquid drips from the bottom of the funnel, repeatedly washing the beaker with the filtrate, and performing suction filtration until no expanded graphite residue exists in the beaker;
(4) putting the solid obtained by suction filtration in the step (3) into an oven for forced air drying at the temperature of 80 ℃, taking out the solid at intervals of half an hour, weighing the solid, and observing the surface drying state of the solid until the mass loss rate of the material is reduced and the sample is loose and granular, namely the composite phase change material;
(5) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of cement, 400 parts of coarse aggregate, 250 parts of fine aggregate, 10-100 parts of water and 10-100 parts of composite phase-change material;
(6) pouring the composite phase change material in the step (4) and the fine aggregate in the step (5) into a stirrer together, and stirring for 2min in advance;
(7) pouring the cement and the coarse aggregate in the step (5) into the stirrer in the step (6), stirring the cement and the coarse aggregate with the mixed material in the step (2) for 5min, and adding water to stir for 5-10min again;
(8) and (4) controlling the ambient temperature to be 20 +/-5 ℃, and beating the slurry obtained in the step (7) to obtain the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete.
Example 1
The preparation method of the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete material comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) putting the expanded graphite in an oven at 100 ℃ for 2h, fully drying, adding the dried expanded graphite into a beaker, and pouring tetradecane into the beaker to completely submerge the expanded graphite.
2. Placing the beaker in a 60 ℃ water bath kettle, stirring for 30min by a constant speed stirrer at the stirring speed of 160r/min, and scraping off expanded graphite which is stirred and raised and is stuck on the wall of the beaker during the stirring so as to ensure the full contact and complete adsorption of the materials.
3. And pouring the stirred uniform mixture into a funnel, connecting a vacuum pump for suction filtration until no liquid drips from the bottom of the funnel, repeatedly washing the beaker with the filtrate, and performing suction filtration until no expanded graphite residue exists in the beaker.
4. And (3) putting the solid obtained by suction filtration into an oven for forced air drying at the temperature of 80 ℃, taking out the solid at intervals of half an hour, weighing the solid, and observing the surface drying state of the solid. And (4) reducing the mass loss rate of the material, and obtaining the composite phase change material if the sample is loose and granular.
5. Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of Portland cement with the cement strength grade of 42.5, 300 parts of coarse aggregate with the particle size range of 2.36-19mm, 150 parts of fine aggregate with the particle size range of 0.15-4.75mm, 10 parts of water and 10 parts of composite phase-change material.
6. And (4) pouring the composite phase change material weighed in the step (5) and the fine aggregate into a stirrer, and stirring for 2min in advance. Stirring at 60r/min to obtain mixed material.
7. And (3) pouring cement and coarse aggregate into a stirrer, stirring the cement and the coarse aggregate with the mixed material in the step (2) at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 5min, adding water, and stirring the mixed material at the stirring speed of 120r/min for 5-10min to obtain slurry.
8. And (3) controlling the ambient temperature to be 25 ℃, controlling the relative humidity in the air of the environment to be 80%, and beating the slurry prepared in the step (3) for 90 times by using a Marshall compaction device to obtain the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete material.
Example 2
The preparation method of the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete material comprises the following steps:
1. a composite phase change material was prepared as described in example 1.
2. Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of Portland cement with the cement strength grade of 42.5, 337 parts of coarse aggregate with the particle size range of 2.36-19mm, 190 parts of fine aggregate with the particle size range of 0.15-4.75mm, 40 parts of water and 27 parts of composite phase-change material.
3. And (3) pouring the composite phase change material weighed in the step (1) and the fine aggregate into a stirrer, and stirring for 2min in advance. Stirring at 80r/min to obtain mixed material.
4. And (3) pouring cement and coarse aggregate into a stirrer, stirring the cement and the coarse aggregate with the mixed material in the step (2) at the stirring speed of 140r/min for 5min, adding water, and stirring the mixed material at the stirring speed of 140r/min for 5-10min to obtain slurry.
And (3) controlling the ambient temperature to be 20 ℃, controlling the relative humidity in the ambient air to be 85%, and beating the slurry prepared in the step (3) for 80 times by using a Marshall compaction device to obtain the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete material.
Example 3
The preparation method of the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete material comprises the following steps:
1. a composite phase change material was prepared as described in example 1.
2. Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of Portland cement with the cement strength grade of 42.5, 400 parts of coarse aggregate with the particle size range of 2.36-19mm, 250 parts of fine aggregate with the particle size range of 0.15-4.75mm, 50 parts of water and 50 parts of composite phase-change material.
3. And (3) pouring the composite phase change material weighed in the step (2) and the fine aggregate into a stirrer together, and stirring for 2min in advance. Stirring at 70r/min to obtain mixed material.
4. And (3) pouring cement and coarse aggregate into a stirrer, stirring the cement and the coarse aggregate with the mixed material in the step (2) at the stirring speed of 140r/min for 5min, adding water, and stirring the mixed material at the stirring speed of 140r/min for 5-10min to obtain slurry.
And (3) controlling the ambient temperature to be 25 ℃, controlling the relative humidity in the air of the environment to be 80%, and beating the slurry prepared in the step (3) for 85 times by using a Marshall compaction tester to obtain the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete material.
The Phase Change Material (PCM) in the present embodiment is also called a phase change energy storage material, and belongs to the category of energy materials, which refers to a material capable of being used for energy storage by using a large amount of heat energy absorbed or released by the PCM when the phase change material changes from a solid state. The phase change process of the material is accompanied by the absorption and release of energy, this part of energy is called latent heat of phase change, and the storage and release of energy through the specific heat capacity and temperature change of the material is called sensible energy storage. The latent heat energy storage of phase change has higher energy storage density than the sensible heat energy storage, so the phase change material has good application value in various fields. The energy storage by reasonably utilizing the phase change of the phase change material is a novel environment-friendly energy-saving technology.
The purpose of delaying the icing on the road surface is achieved by utilizing the mode that the phase change material releases heat through phase change to improve the ambient temperature, and the method is a reasonable way for reasonably utilizing energy, lightening the environmental pollution and reducing traffic accidents. The total heat emitted by the phase-change material is constant, so the scheme is suitable for slightly frozen areas.
In this example, fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of expanded graphite;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the FT-IR test results of the composite phase change material; the adsorption shaping of tetradecane and expanded graphite is only simple physical mixing, no chemical reaction occurs, and the compatibility is good;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a composite phase change material product;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a phase-change cement concrete embodiment according to the present invention.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.
Claims (10)
1. The expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of cement, 400 parts of coarse aggregate, 250 parts of fine aggregate, 10-100 parts of water and 10-100 parts of composite phase-change material.
2. The expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 337 parts of coarse aggregate, 190 parts of fine aggregate, 40 parts of water and 27 parts of composite phase-change material.
3. The expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the coarse aggregate is limestone, and the limestone is blended by two size fractions of 5-10mm and 10-20mm, and the particle size of the limestone is in the range of 2.36-19 mm.
4. The expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the fine aggregate is river sand with a particle size in the range of 0.15-4.75 mm.
5. The expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite phase-change material is tetradecane and expanded graphite with particle sizes of 0.3mm and 0.6mm, and the tetradecane and the expanded graphite with the two particle sizes respectively account for 50% of the weight of the two composite phase-change materials.
6. The preparation method of the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete according to any one of claims 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing the expanded graphite in an oven at 100 ℃ for 2h, fully drying, adding the dried expanded graphite into a beaker, and pouring tetradecane into the beaker to completely submerge the expanded graphite;
(2) placing the beaker in the step (1) in a 60 ℃ water bath, stirring for 30min by a constant speed stirrer, and scraping expanded graphite which is stirred and raised and is stuck on the wall of the beaker during stirring so as to ensure the full contact of materials and obtain a uniform mixture after complete adsorption;
(3) pouring the uniform mixture stirred in the step (2) into a funnel, connecting a vacuum pump for suction filtration until no liquid drips from the bottom of the funnel, repeatedly washing the beaker with the filtrate, and performing suction filtration until no expanded graphite residue exists in the beaker;
(4) putting the solid obtained by suction filtration in the step (3) into an oven for forced air drying at the temperature of 80 ℃, taking out the solid at intervals of half an hour, weighing the solid, and observing the surface drying state of the solid until the mass loss rate of the material is reduced and the sample is loose and granular, namely the composite phase change material;
(5) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of cement, 400 parts of coarse aggregate, 250 parts of fine aggregate, 10-100 parts of water and 10-100 parts of composite phase-change material;
(6) pouring the composite phase change material in the step (4) and the fine aggregate in the step (5) into a stirrer together, and stirring for 2min in advance;
(7) pouring the cement and the coarse aggregate in the step (5) into the stirrer in the step (6), stirring the cement and the coarse aggregate with the mixed material in the step (2) for 5min, and adding water to stir for 5-10min again;
(8) and (4) controlling the ambient temperature to be 20 +/-5 ℃, and beating the slurry obtained in the step (7) to obtain the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete.
7. The method for preparing the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete according to claim 6, wherein the stirring speed in the step (2) is 160 r/min.
8. The method for preparing the expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete as claimed in claim 6, wherein the stirring speed in step (6) is 60-80r/min, and the stirring speed in step (7) is 100-160 r/min.
9. The preparation method of expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete according to claim 6, wherein the striking method in step (8) is 80-90 times of striking by a Marshall compaction device.
10. The method for preparing expanded graphite adsorption tetradecane low-temperature phase-change cement concrete according to claim 6, wherein the relative humidity in air in step (8) is 80 ± 5%, and the ambient temperature is controlled at 20 ± 5 ℃.
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| CN101239798A (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2008-08-13 | 华南理工大学 | Organic matter/expandable graphite composite phase change heat-storing building material and preparation method thereof |
| DE102007062772A1 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-02 | Baerlocher Gmbh | Fatty acid salt mixture as a water repellent for building materials |
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| DE102007062772A1 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-02 | Baerlocher Gmbh | Fatty acid salt mixture as a water repellent for building materials |
| CN101239798A (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2008-08-13 | 华南理工大学 | Organic matter/expandable graphite composite phase change heat-storing building material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200807 |