CN111499182A - Online drawing preparation method and system of distributed side-pumped coupled optical fiber - Google Patents
Online drawing preparation method and system of distributed side-pumped coupled optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499182A CN111499182A CN202010207145.4A CN202010207145A CN111499182A CN 111499182 A CN111499182 A CN 111499182A CN 202010207145 A CN202010207145 A CN 202010207145A CN 111499182 A CN111499182 A CN 111499182A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/028—Drawing fibre bundles, e.g. for making fibre bundles of multifibres, image fibres
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/029—Furnaces therefor
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
- C03C25/105—Organic claddings
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
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- C03C25/12—General methods of coating; Devices therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and a system of a distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber, in particular to an online drawing preparation method and a system of the distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber, which solve the problems of high requirement on environment cleanliness, complex process, low production efficiency, easy breakage of the optical fiber and burning risk caused by heating in the existing preparation method. The method comprises the following steps: step 1: calculating the sizes of the required pumping optical fiber prefabricated rod and the gain optical fiber prefabricated rod; step 2: preparing a gain optical fiber preform and a pumping optical fiber preform; and step 3: the gain optical fiber prefabricated rod and the pumping optical fiber prefabricated rod are uniformly distributed at the periphery according to the arrangement mode that the gain optical fiber prefabricated rod is arranged at the center, one end of the pumping optical fiber prefabricated rod is welded on the quartz handle rod, and the other end of the pumping optical fiber prefabricated rod is welded with the counterweight quartz block to form a prefabricated rod assembly; and 4, step 4: heating the preform assembly and turning around to obtain an optical fiber stub bar; and 5: coating after the optical fiber stub bar passes through the limiting die; step 6: and (5) curing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method and a system of a distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber, in particular to an online drawing preparation method and a system of the distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber.
Background
In the pump light coupling technology of the existing fiber laser, an end-face pumping technology and a side-face pumping technology are common. The end-face pumping technology refers to that one or more beams of pumping light are coupled into the end face of an optical fiber; side-pumped technology refers to pump light coupled into one side of an optical fiber, coupled into the outer cladding of the optical fiber by a coupler.
At present, a high-power fiber laser plays an important role in the fields of industrial processing and the like, and the coupling mode of pump light is a bottleneck for restricting the development of the high-power fiber laser. In a high-power optical fiber laser, two common pumping modes of pumping light into a large-mode-field double-cladding gain fiber are an end-face pumping mode and a side-face pumping mode. The end pumping mode is divided into space coupling and fiber fusion coupling, and the excessively high pump light easily causes large heat at the end melting point of the double-clad fiber and the near end of the gain fiber, so that the fiber and the melting point are easily burnt. For the side pumping mode, the coupling point is not limited, the passing power of the coupling point is low, the problem of end pumping is effectively solved, and high-power output is easy to realize. However, compared with the end pumping, the side pumping has a great process difficulty, and the performance of the side pumping needs to be improved, so that the requirement of the cascade pumping of the ultrahigh-power fiber laser cannot be met. A novel pump coupling technology is called as a distributed side pump coupling (also called as GT-wave) technology, a pump fiber and a laser gain fiber are in close-range physical contact to generate an evanescent wave coupling process, the pump light in the pump fiber is coupled into an adjacent gain fiber, a gain medium is excited, and laser is generated. The coupling process is not completed within a very short transmission distance, but continuously occurs due to the consumption effect of the coupled pump light, so that a large amount of heat can not be generated at the contact point of the pump optical fiber and the gain optical fiber, the overall structure generates heat more uniformly, the heat management is facilitated, and the insertion loss of the pump light and the signal light is very low.
Currently, the preparation of the above-mentioned distributed side-pumped coupled (GT-wave) fiber is carried out in an ultra-clean laboratory by respectively stripping off the coating layers of the finished pump fiber and gain fiber, closely contacting them according to the required structure, wrapping them with a low refractive index glue and curing them. Because the gain optical fiber with the length of more than 15 meters is required for manufacturing the optical fiber laser, the polymer coating layers of the gain optical fiber with the length of 15 meters and the pump optical fiber need to be stripped, and a simple method for thoroughly stripping the optical fiber coating layers in a long distance is not available in the industry at present, the preparation process is complex, and the production efficiency is extremely low; meanwhile, in the process of stripping the polymer coating, the fiber is very easy to break or the coating is not completely stripped, and the refractive index of the coating which is not completely stripped is higher than that of quartz, so that the leakage of pump light can be caused, hot spots are formed in the fiber laser, and further serious heating is caused to burn the fiber laser.
Therefore, it is urgent to find a convenient and efficient method for manufacturing a distributed side-pump coupled (GT-wave) optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an online drawing preparation method and system for a distributed side-pumped coupled fiber, and aims to solve the technical problems that when the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber is prepared by the existing preparation method, the requirement on environment cleanliness is high, the preparation process is complex, the production efficiency is low, the fiber is easy to break, and the risk of burning due to serious heating caused by incomplete stripping of a coating layer exists.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the on-line drawing preparation method of the distributed side-pumped coupling optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining the number N of pump optical fiber preforms required by preparation according to the size parameter requirements of the distributed side pump coupling optical fiber to be prepared, and calculating the diameters and length dimensions of the required pump optical fiber preforms and gain optical fiber preforms according to the volume conservation principle; n is more than or equal to 2;
step 2: preparing 1 gain optical fiber perform rod and N pumping optical fiber perform rods according to the size calculated in the step 1, and polishing the gain optical fiber perform rods and the N pumping optical fiber perform rods;
and step 3: the polished gain optical fiber prefabricated rods and the polished pumping optical fiber prefabricated rods are positioned in the center, N pumping optical fiber prefabricated rods are uniformly distributed around the polished gain optical fiber prefabricated rods, the axes of the N pumping optical fiber prefabricated rods are parallel to each other, and gaps exist among the N pumping optical fiber prefabricated rods;
and 4, step 4: clamping and fixing one end of a rod by quartz of a prefabricated rod assembly, extending the other end of the rod into a heating system, heating and turning around to obtain N +1 optical fiber stub bars;
and 5: respectively and correspondingly penetrating the N +1 optical fiber stub bars through the N +1 through holes in the at least one limiting die according to the arrangement mode in the step 3, then drawing the optical fiber stub bars into a coating die, combining the optical fiber stub bars and coating the optical fiber stub bars; the axis of a via hole positioned in the center is required to be positioned on a wire drawing central line in N +1 via holes which are arranged on the limiting die and used for the fiber stub to pass through;
step 6: and curing the coated optical fiber to obtain the distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber.
Further, the method also comprises the step 7: winding the solidified optical fiber through a take-up roller set;
in the step 5, the method further comprises the steps of wire diameter measurement and feedback:
the N +1 optical fiber stub bars obtained in the step 4 are firstly subjected to wire diameter measurement, and the measurement result is fed back to the control device; and the control device adjusts the rotating speed of the wire winding roller set according to the received measuring result, so as to adjust the wire drawing speed.
Further, in step 6, the curing of the coated optical fiber is performed by using an ultraviolet curing furnace.
Further, the heating system in the step 4 is a graphite furnace heating system, a flame furnace heating system or a high-frequency furnace heating system.
Further, in step 2, the polishing is one or a combination of two or a combination of three of mechanical polishing, flame polishing and acid etching polishing.
The invention also provides an online drawing preparation system of the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber, which is characterized in that:
the device comprises a clamping system, a heating system, at least one limiting mould, a coating mould and an ultraviolet curing furnace which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence;
the clamping system is used for clamping and fixing one end of a quartz handle bar of the precast bar assembly;
the heating system is used for heating the preform assembly and turning around;
the limiting die is provided with N +1 through holes, one through hole is positioned in the center, the rest N through holes are uniformly distributed around the through hole, and the hole centers of the rest N through holes are arranged in a same circle; n is equal to the number of the pump optical fiber preforms in the preform assembly; the axis of the via hole positioned in the center of the limiting die is positioned on the wire drawing central line.
Further, the wire diameter measuring system, the wire take-up roller set and the control device are also included;
the wire diameter measuring system is arranged between the heating system and the limiting mould positioned at the uppermost end and is used for measuring the wire diameter of the N +1 optical fiber stub bars after turning around and feeding back the measuring result to the control device;
the take-up roller set is arranged below the ultraviolet curing furnace and is used for taking up and winding the cured optical fiber;
the control device controls the whole drawing process, and adjusts the rotating speed of the wire take-up roller set according to the measurement result fed back by the wire diameter measurement system, thereby adjusting the wire drawing speed.
Further, the wire take-up roller set comprises a first roller and a second roller; and the solidified optical fiber is wound on the second roller after bypassing the first roller.
Further, the heating system is a graphite furnace heating system, a flame furnace heating system or a high-frequency furnace heating system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to an on-line drawing preparation method and a system of a distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber, which can realize one-time on-line drawing preparation by arranging a gain optical fiber prefabricated rod and a pumping optical fiber prefabricated rod in a distributed side pumping coupling (GT-wave) optical fiber in a proper arrangement mode, performing one-time melting drawing in a heating system, and ensuring accurate spatial arrangement of a plurality of bare fibers before entering a coating mold through a limiting mold so as to perform on-line coating forming. By the online drawing preparation method and the online drawing preparation system of the distributed side-pumped coupling fiber, the distributed side-pumped coupling (GT-wave) fiber with high coupling efficiency, excellent thermal management, stable and reliable performance can be prepared, and the method and the system can be used for preparing an ultrahigh-power fiber laser.
(2) The on-line drawing preparation method of the distributed side-pumped coupled optical fiber preferably further comprises the steps of measuring the wire diameter and feeding back, the bare fiber diameter in the preparation process can be measured in real time and fed back to the control device in time, and the control device adjusts the rotating speed of the take-up roller set according to the measurement result fed back by the wire diameter measurement system so as to adjust the wire drawing speed; the rejection rate of the prepared distributed side-pumped coupling fiber is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an in-line drawing preparation system for a distributed side-pumped coupled fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a preform assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a spacing die of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are explained as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-clamping system, 2-heating system, 3-wire diameter measuring system, 4-limiting mold, 6-coating mold, 7-ultraviolet curing furnace, 8-wire-collecting roller set, 81-first roller, 82-second roller, 9-quartz handle rod, 101-gain optical fiber preform rod, 102-pumping optical fiber preform rod, 11-counterweight quartz block and 12-preform rod assembly.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses an online drawing preparation method of a distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the number N of pump optical fiber preforms 102 required by preparation according to the size parameter requirements of the distributed side pump coupling optical fiber to be prepared, and calculating the diameters and length dimensions of the required pump optical fiber preforms 102 and gain optical fiber preforms 101 according to the volume conservation principle; n is more than or equal to 2; in this embodiment, the number N of the pump optical fiber preforms 102 is 6;
step 2: preparing 1 gain optical fiber preform 101 and N pumping optical fiber preforms 102 according to the size calculated in the step 1, and polishing the preforms; during polishing, one or any two or three of mechanical polishing, flame polishing and acid etching polishing can be selected;
and step 3: referring to fig. 2 and 3, the polished gain optical fiber preforms 101 and pump optical fiber preforms 102 are positioned at the center according to the gain optical fiber preforms 101, N pump optical fiber preforms 102 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the polished gain optical fiber preforms, the N pump optical fiber preforms 102 are parallel to each other in axial line and have a gap arrangement, one end of each pump optical fiber preform is welded on a quartz handle rod 9, and the other end of each pump optical fiber preform is welded with a counterweight quartz block 11 to form a preform assembly 12;
and 4, step 4: referring to fig. 1, one end of a rod 9 is clamped and fixed by quartz of a prefabricated rod assembly 12, and the other end of the rod extends into a heating system 2 to be heated and turned around, so that N +1 optical fiber stub bars are obtained; in this embodiment, the heating system 2 is a graphite furnace heating system, and besides the graphite furnace heating system of this embodiment, the heating system 2 may also be a flame furnace heating system or a high-frequency furnace heating system;
and 5: referring to fig. 1 and 4, after passing N +1 optical fiber stubs through N +1 via holes on at least one limiting mold 4 respectively and correspondingly according to the arrangement mode of step 3, drawing the optical fiber stubs into a coating mold 6, and combining and coating the optical fiber stubs; in the N +1 through holes on the limiting die 4 for the fiber stub to pass through, the axis of the through hole positioned at the center is required to be positioned on the wire drawing central line; in this embodiment, before the N +1 optical fiber stub bars pass through the at least one limiting mold 4, the fiber diameter measurement and feedback steps are preferably performed, that is, the fiber diameter measurement is performed on the N +1 optical fiber stub bars obtained in the step 4, and the measurement result is fed back to the control device; the control device adjusts the rotating speed of the wire-receiving roller set 8 according to the received measuring result, and further adjusts the wire drawing speed; specifically, when the measured wire diameter is smaller than the required value, the rotating speed of the wire take-up roller set 8 is reduced, and the wire drawing speed is slowed down; when the measured wire diameter is larger than the required value, the rotating speed of the wire take-up roller set 8 is increased, and the wire drawing speed is increased;
step 6: and curing the coated optical fiber to obtain the distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber. In this embodiment, the curing of the coated optical fiber is performed by using an ultraviolet curing furnace 7.
In this embodiment, it preferably further includes step 7: and winding the solidified optical fiber through a take-up roller set 8.
Referring to fig. 1, the online drawing preparation system of the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber of the present invention includes a clamping system 1, a heating system 2, at least one limiting mold 4, a coating mold 6, and an ultraviolet curing oven 7, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the number of the limiting molds 4 is preferably two.
The clamping system 1 is used for clamping one end of a quartz handle rod 9 of a fixed preform assembly 12; the heating system 2 is used for heating the preform assembly 12 and turning around; in this embodiment, the heating system 2 is a graphite furnace heating system, and besides the graphite furnace heating system of this embodiment, the heating system 2 may also be a flame furnace heating system or a high-frequency furnace heating system; referring to fig. 4, N +1 via holes are arranged on the limiting mold 4, and one via hole is located at the center, the rest N via holes are uniformly distributed around the via hole, and the hole centers of the rest N via holes are arranged in the same circle; n is equal to the number of pump fiber preforms 102 in preform assembly 12; in this example, N is equal to 6; the axis of the via hole positioned at the center of the limiting die 4 is positioned on the wire drawing central line.
The system for on-line drawing and preparing the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber of the present embodiment preferably further includes a wire diameter measuring system 3, a take-up roller set 8, and a control device (not shown in the figure). Referring to fig. 1, a filament diameter measuring system 3 is arranged between the heating system 2 and the uppermost limiting mold 4, and is used for measuring the filament diameter of the N +1 optical fiber stub bars after turning around, and feeding back the measurement result to the control device; the take-up roller set 8 is arranged below the ultraviolet curing furnace 7 and is used for taking up and winding the cured optical fiber; the control device controls the whole drawing process, and adjusts the rotating speed of the wire take-up roller set 8 according to the measurement result fed back by the wire diameter measurement system 3, thereby adjusting the wire drawing speed. In this embodiment, the yarn take-up roller set 8 preferably includes a first roller 81 and a second roller 82; the cured optical fiber is wound around the first roller 81 and then wound around the second roller 82.
By adopting the online drawing preparation method and the online drawing preparation system of the distributed side-pumped coupling fiber, the distributed side-pumped coupling (GT-wave) fiber with high-efficiency coupling, excellent thermal management, stable and reliable performance can be prepared, and the method and the system can be used for preparing an ultrahigh-power fiber laser.
Claims (9)
1. An online drawing preparation method of a distributed side-pumped coupling fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining the number N of pump optical fiber preforms (102) required by preparation according to the size parameter requirements of the distributed side pump coupling optical fiber to be prepared, and calculating the diameters and length dimensions of the required pump optical fiber preforms (102) and gain optical fiber preforms (101) according to the volume conservation principle; n is more than or equal to 2;
step 2: preparing 1 gain optical fiber preform (101) and N pumping optical fiber preforms (102) according to the size calculated in the step 1, and polishing the preforms;
and step 3: the polished gain optical fiber preforms (101) and the pump optical fiber preforms (102) are positioned at the center according to the gain optical fiber preforms (101), N pump optical fiber preforms (102) are uniformly distributed around the center, the axes of the N pump optical fiber preforms are parallel to each other, gaps are arranged among the N pump optical fiber preforms, one end of each pump optical fiber preform is welded on a quartz handle rod (9), and the other end of each pump optical fiber preform is welded with a counterweight quartz block (11) to form a prefabricated rod assembly (12);
and 4, step 4: clamping and fixing one end of a rod (9) by quartz of a prefabricated rod assembly (12), extending the other end into a heating system (2), heating and turning around to obtain N +1 optical fiber stub bars;
and 5: respectively and correspondingly penetrating the N +1 optical fiber stub bars through the N +1 through holes in the at least one limiting die (4) according to the arrangement mode in the step 3, then drawing the optical fiber stub bars into a coating die (6), and combining and coating the optical fiber stub bars; the axis of a via hole positioned in the center is required to be positioned on a wire drawing central line in N +1 via holes for the optical fiber material head to pass through on the limiting die (4);
step 6: and curing the coated optical fiber to obtain the distributed side pumping coupling optical fiber.
2. The on-line drawing preparation method of the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
further comprising step 7: winding and coiling the solidified optical fiber through a winding roller set (8);
in the step 5, the method further comprises the steps of wire diameter measurement and feedback:
the N +1 optical fiber stub bars obtained in the step 4 are firstly subjected to wire diameter measurement, and the measurement result is fed back to the control device; and the control device adjusts the rotating speed of the wire take-up roller set (8) according to the received measurement result, so as to adjust the wire drawing speed.
3. The on-line drawing preparation method of the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step 6, the step of curing the coated optical fiber is to cure the coated optical fiber by adopting an ultraviolet curing furnace (7).
4. The on-line drawing preparation method of the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber according to claim 3, wherein: and 4, the heating system (2) in the step 4 is a graphite furnace heating system, a flame furnace heating system or a high-frequency furnace heating system.
5. The on-line drawing preparation method of the distributed side-pumped coupling fiber according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 2, the polishing is one or a combination of two or a combination of three of mechanical polishing, flame polishing and acid etching polishing.
6. The utility model provides an online drawing preparation system of distributing type side pumping coupling fiber which characterized in that:
comprises a clamping system (1), a heating system (2), at least one limiting mould (4), a coating mould (6) and an ultraviolet curing furnace (7) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence;
the clamping system (1) is used for clamping and fixing one end of a quartz handle rod (9) of the precast rod assembly (12);
the heating system (2) is used for heating the precast rod assembly (12) and turning around;
the limiting die (4) is provided with N +1 through holes, one through hole is positioned in the center, the rest N through holes are uniformly distributed around the through hole, and the hole centers of the rest N through holes are arranged in a same circle; the N is equal to the number of pump optical fiber preforms (102) in the preform assembly (12); the axis of the via hole positioned at the center of the limiting die (4) is positioned on the wire drawing central line.
7. The system for on-line drawing preparation of the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber according to claim 6, wherein:
the wire diameter measuring system (3), the wire take-up roller set (8) and the control device are also included;
the wire diameter measuring system (3) is arranged between the heating system (2) and the limiting mould (4) positioned at the uppermost end and is used for measuring the wire diameter of the N +1 optical fiber stub bars after turning around and feeding back the measuring result to the control device;
the take-up roller set (8) is arranged below the ultraviolet curing furnace (7) and is used for taking up and winding the cured optical fiber;
the control device controls the whole drawing process, and adjusts the rotating speed of the wire winding roller set (8) according to the measurement result fed back by the wire diameter measurement system (3), thereby adjusting the wire drawing speed.
8. The system for on-line drawing preparation of the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber according to claim 7, wherein:
the wire take-up roller set (8) comprises a first roller (81) and a second roller (82); the cured optical fiber is wound around a first roller (81) and then wound around a second roller (82).
9. The system for on-line drawing preparation of the distributed side-pumped coupled fiber according to claim 7, wherein: the heating system (2) is a graphite furnace heating system, a flame furnace heating system or a high-frequency furnace heating system.
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