CN111039559B - Multi-optical-fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device and method - Google Patents
Multi-optical-fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111039559B CN111039559B CN201911322840.9A CN201911322840A CN111039559B CN 111039559 B CN111039559 B CN 111039559B CN 201911322840 A CN201911322840 A CN 201911322840A CN 111039559 B CN111039559 B CN 111039559B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 274
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 41
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012681 fiber drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/12—General methods of coating; Devices therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2551—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding using thermal methods, e.g. fusion welding by arc discharge, laser beam, plasma torch
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2553—Splicing machines, e.g. optical fibre fusion splicer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Abstract
The application discloses a multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device and a method, comprising a heating furnace, a take-up reel and a chuck, wherein the chuck comprises a chuck main structure and at least two grippers for fixing an optical fiber preform; the chuck main structure is a rotary structure, and the grippers are arranged on the chuck main structure; the heating furnace is arranged right below the chuck. The application has the beneficial effects that the integration of the pumping optical fiber and the active optical fiber is realized, the structure is more stable, and the coupling efficiency is higher; thousands of watts of laser power output is realized by adopting double-end bidirectional pumping; the composite functional optical fiber has the advantages of high coupling efficiency, simple structure, high stability and high manufacturing repeatability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical fiber devices, in particular to a multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device and method.
Background
Since the advent of fiber lasers, fiber lasers have been widely used in the civil and military industries such as fiber communication, industrial manufacturing, laser cutting, metal welding, biomedical and national defense military security, by virtue of their obvious advantages in terms of beam quality, volume, efficiency, heat dissipation, etc., and have become one of the research hotspots in various countries and have progressed rapidly. In 2009, the IPG company reports that the continuous output power of single-mode fiber laser reaches 10kW, and in recent years, a plurality of domestic units have reached power output of more than kW.
At present, a high-power optical fiber laser and an optical fiber amplifier both adopt double-cladding doped optical fibers, and pumping light enters from cladding layers for efficient pumping. How to efficiently couple pumping light into the inner cladding of the active fiber to obtain high power laser output is a key core technology that must be broken through in fiber laser research.
Pump light pump coupling techniques are currently largely divided into end-face pump coupling techniques and side-face pump coupling techniques. End-face coupling is the coupling of pump light into the inner cladding of the active fiber from one or both end faces of the active fiber. Common methods are lens end face coupling, fiber end face fusion coupling, fusion tapered fiber bundle coupling, and the like. The side pumping coupling technology is to couple pumping light from the side of the active fiber into the inner cladding of the fiber, and the side pumping coupling technology does not occupy the two ends of the fiber, so that the pumping light is distributed more uniformly in the fiber, and the operations such as signal light input and output, fiber fusion, signal measurement and the like are facilitated. Typical side-pumping coupling techniques include V-groove coupling, cut-in mirror, angle polishing, diffraction grating pumping coupling techniques.
The existing end face coupling has the defects that the injection power is concentrated, the generated thermal load is high, the optical fiber injection point is easy to damage, and the pumping coupling efficiency is reduced. The side coupling breaks through the blockage of the concentration of injection energy, and can realize multi-point distributed pumping along the length of the optical fiber, thereby realizing higher coupling efficiency.
However, in the implementation process of the application, the inventor finds that the existing side fusion pumping technology has the following technical problems that the existing side coupling technology is mostly difficult in various aspects of complex manufacture, high process requirement, low stability and the like, and the coupling efficiency of the manufactured combined optical fiber is low; the existing side coupling technology adopts the steps that gain optical fiber preforms are tightly attached to form a combined preform, the combined preform is drawn on a drawing tower to form a side-by-side coupler, but the optical fiber coating of a strippable region of a coupling device is required to be stripped, the gain optical fiber and a pumping optical fiber are separated and recoated, and the pumping optical fiber preform with a groove possibly causes the device to be burnt due to overhigh temperature in the drawing process; the existing side coupling technology is that the optical fibers are formed into an optical fiber bundle, then the optical fiber bundle is heated to realize side fusion to form a fused integrated optical fiber bundle, the optical fibers are additionally taken to be arranged according to the optical fiber distribution of a beam combining area to be fused end to end, the welding is difficult, the beam combiner manufactured by the method generates serious heat at the welding point, and is difficult to be applied to a high-power laser system; in the traditional side coupling technology, two prefabricated bars are bonded and combined into a composite optical fiber prefabricated bar after special-shaped processing, and then drawing is completed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that the coupling efficiency of the beam combining optical fiber is low and the process is complex in the existing lateral pumping coupling technology, the application aims at: aiming at the problems, the multi-optical-fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device and the multi-optical-fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining method are provided, and the purpose is that the pump optical fiber and the active optical fiber are integrated, the active optical fiber and the pump optical fiber are fused along the side surfaces, the heat generated by the injection of the pump light is uniformly distributed, and the kilowatt-level pump injection can be realized; the second purpose is that the manufactured beam-combining optical fiber has simple process, can realize high-speed rotation to perform side surface axial optical fiber beam-combining fusion when the optical fiber is drawn, and the manufactured optical fiber has higher and more stable coupling efficiency, and can realize high-power laser output and bidirectional pumping.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
a multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device comprises a heating furnace and a take-up reel; the chuck comprises a chuck main structure and at least two grippers for fixing the optical fiber preform; the chuck main structure is a rotary structure, and the grippers are arranged on the chuck main structure; the heating furnace is arranged right below the chuck.
The coupling optical fiber manufactured by the traditional end surface coupling optical fiber technology has higher generated thermal load and is easy to damage at the optical fiber injection point, so that the pumping coupling efficiency is reduced; the optical fiber coupled by the traditional side pumping coupling technology has the defects of complex manufacture, low primary stability with high process requirements and the like, and is not beneficial to the application in high-power optical fiber lasers. The application provides a multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary drawing side fusion beam combining device and a beam combining method, which are used for combining a plurality of optical fibers in a mode of winding and fusing optical fibers formed after drawing by a drawing tower.
Optionally, when the number of the grippers is two, the two grippers are symmetrical with respect to the center of the chuck.
When the two grippers are symmetrical about the center of the chuck, the chuck rotates, and the pumping optical fiber can be uniformly wound on the active optical fiber when wire drawing winding is performed; and a coating device and a curing device are arranged below the heating furnace.
Optionally, the chuck main structure comprises an inner ring layer and an outer ring layer; the outer ring layer surrounds the inner ring layer; the inner ring layer and the outer ring layer are respectively provided with at least one gripper for fixing the optical fiber preform; when the number of the grippers of the outer ring layer is two or more, the grippers of the outer ring layer are uniformly distributed around the inner ring layer; and a coating device and a curing device are arranged below the heating furnace.
The optical fiber drawn by the pump optical fiber preform fixed on the outer ring layer can be wound around the active optical fiber and fixed around the inner ring layer under the rotation of the chuck main structure, and fusion bundles are carried out on the optical fiber after winding under the condition of high temperature of the heating device, and the chuck quantity of the outer ring layer is not fixed, so that the (N+M) -type composite functional optical fiber can be combined and bundled (N is the number of the pump optical fibers, N is more than or equal to 1;M is the number of gain fibers, and M is more than or equal to 1).
The pump fibers of the obtained combined optical fibers are uniformly wound and arranged around the active optical fibers, so that the coupling efficiency of the manufactured coupling optical fibers is higher.
The application also provides a multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device,
(1) When the chuck grippers are two, the beam combining method adopting the device comprises the following steps:
A. respectively fixing the cleaned pump optical fiber preformed rod and the cleaned active optical fiber preformed rod on a grip of a chuck of a wire drawing tower;
B. controlling the wire drawing speed and the heating temperature, and independently drawing a plurality of optical fiber preformed rods;
C. starting the rotation function of the chuck main structure, controlling the rotation speed and the heating temperature, enabling drawn optical fibers to be mutually wound and to be melted along the axial direction to the side face, synthesizing an optical fiber bundle, and coating and ultraviolet curing the synthesized optical fiber bundle;
D. stopping the rotation function of the chuck, and continuing drawing the optical fiber to separate the drawn optical fiber of the preform; a section of composite functional optical fiber is prepared.
Preparing a section of composite functional optical fiber when drawing is stopped; and (3) continuously repeating the steps A-D without stopping drawing, and continuously and repeatedly preparing the combined optical fiber.
Optionally, the optical fiber preform in the step a is a polygonal preform; the active optical fiber is a doped optical fiber.
Optionally, the doped optical fiber is a rare earth doped optical fiber doped with at least one of rare earth elements ytterbium, erbium, thulium, holmium, praseodymium, rubidium and the like.
Optionally, the heating temperature in the step B is 1900-2200 ℃, and the wire drawing speed is 1-150 m/min.
Optionally, in the step C: and after the diameter of the drawn optical fiber of the optical fiber preform is stable, starting the rotation function of the chuck.
Optionally, in the step C, the rotation speed of the chuck is 500-3000 r/min; the length of the synthetic optical fiber bundle is 0.1-100 m.
(2) When the grip structure in the chuck is three or more: the beam combination method adopting the device comprises the following steps:
A. selecting a cleaned pump optical fiber prefabricated rod and an active optical fiber prefabricated rod, and hanging and fixing the pump optical fiber prefabricated rod on a chuck of a drawing tower in a uniformly surrounding arrangement mode by taking the active optical fiber prefabricated rod as a center;
B. controlling the wire drawing speed and the heating temperature, and independently drawing a plurality of optical fiber preformed rods;
C. starting the rotation function of the chuck, controlling the rotation speed and the heating temperature, enabling drawn optical fibers to be mutually wound and to be melted along the axial direction to form an optical fiber bundle, and coating and ultraviolet curing the synthesized optical fiber bundle;
D. stopping the rotation function of the chuck, and continuing drawing the optical fiber to separate the drawn optical fiber of the preform;
preparing a section of composite functional optical fiber when drawing is stopped; and (3) continuously repeating the steps A-D without stopping drawing, and continuously and repeatedly preparing the combined optical fiber.
Optionally, the optical fiber preform in the step a is a polygonal preform; the active optical fiber is a rare earth doped optical fiber.
Optionally, the doped optical fiber is a rare earth doped optical fiber doped with at least one of rare earth elements ytterbium, erbium, thulium, holmium, praseodymium, rubidium and the like.
Optionally, the heating temperature in the step B is 1900-2200 ℃, and the wire drawing speed is 1-150 m/min.
Optionally, in the step C: after the diameter of the drawn optical fiber of the optical fiber preform is stable, starting the rotation function of the chuck; the rotation speed of the chuck is 500-3000 r/min; the length of the synthetic optical fiber bundle is 0.1-100 m.
The multi-fiber high-speed rotary wire drawing side fusion beam combining device and the beam combining method thereof can not only realize the fusion integration combination of the pump fiber and the active fiber, but also have simple process operation and low process requirements, the manufactured beam combining fiber has good stability, the pump injection of kilowatt level can be realized by a single fiber pump, and double-end pumping can be realized, so that the coupling efficiency is higher.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. the application adopts the multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary drawing side fusion beam combining device, can prepare an integrated structure of the active optical fiber and the pumping optical fiber, and simultaneously realizes the functions of the traditional optical fiber beam combiner and the active optical fiber on one composite functional optical fiber; compared with the prior art, the air gap structure caused by the contact of the side surfaces of the optical fibers is eliminated, so that higher coupling efficiency can be achieved, and the stability of the coupled composite functional optical fibers is ensured;
2. the multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device can realize the axial long-distance fusion beam combining of the pumping optical fiber and the active optical fiber, the fused length is manufactured according to the length requirement of a required preparation device, continuous high-power laser output can be obtained, and higher-power laser work is effectively supported;
3. the composite functional optical fiber prepared by the application fuses the combined optical fiber into an integral structure, reduces the heat load effect generated by injection of pump light in the end face coupling optical fiber technology, ensures that the heat generated by the pump light is more uniform, can realize kilowatt-level pump injection by a single pump arm, can realize double-end pumping, and has better practicability;
4. compared with the prior art, the manufacturing process of the composite functional optical fiber prepared by the application is simpler, can repeatedly prepare a plurality of sections of composite functional optical fibers, reduces the damage of fiber cores in the active optical fibers and the pumping optical fibers in the manufacturing process, ensures that the prepared composite functional optical fiber has higher coupling efficiency and better stability, and can be applied to the field of high-power optical fiber devices.
5. The composite functional optical fiber manufactured by the application is completed in one time in a fused beam combining area and two end separation areas, the fusion of the fused end surface and the end surface of the separated optical fiber is not needed, the heat generated by the fused end surface is reduced when pump light is injected, the manufactured composite functional light is not needed to be coated and stripped, the fusion of the axial side surface between the active optical fiber and the pump optical fiber can be directly realized, the process difficulty for preparing the fused beam optical fiber is obviously reduced, the length of the fused beam area is increased, and the composite functional optical fiber has better economic benefit and wider application.
Drawings
The application will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows an (8+1) -type multi-fiber high-speed rotary drawing side fusion beam combining device
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the surface structure of a (1+1) -type chuck
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the surface structure of an (8+1) -type chuck
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a (1+1) -type composite functional optical fiber structure
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a (1+1) -type composite functional fiber optic contact of about the diameter
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the contact side structure of a large-core fiber and a small-core fiber
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a (1+1) -type composite functional optical fiber
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a (2+1) -type composite functional fiber
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an (8+1) -type composite functional fiber
FIG. 10 shows a (1+1) type multi-fiber high-speed rotary drawing side fusion beam combining device
The mark in the figure is 1, an inner ring layer; 2. an outer ring layer; 11. an active optical fiber; 12. pumping the optical fiber; 13. a refractive index layer; 14. a protective coating; 50. a chuck; 51. a tenth hand grip; 52. an eleventh grip; 61. a first grip; 62. a second grip; 63. a third grip; 64. a fourth grip; 65. a fifth grip; 66. a sixth gripper; 67. a seventh grip; 68. an eighth gripper; 69. a ninth gripper; 71. pumping the optical fiber preform; 72. an active optical fiber preform; 73. a heating furnace; 74. a layer of coating material; 75. a coating device; 76. a curing device; 77. a second coating material; 78. winding disc
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The embodiment discloses a (1+1) type multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary drawing side fusion beam combining device, as shown in fig. 10, different from a common optical fiber drawing tower chuck, the chuck is provided with two grippers which are symmetrical with respect to the center of the chuck, a tenth gripper 51 and an eleventh gripper 52, two optical fiber preformed bars are clamped and fixed at the same time, the grippers are arranged on a chuck main structure, the chuck main structure 50 has a rotary function, the rotary speed is precisely controlled by a motor, and the rotary speed can be adjusted to 500-3000 r/min; the chuck drives two optical fiber preforms to rotate at a high speed together under the condition of high-speed rotation, so that one pumping optical fiber 12 and one active optical fiber 11 are mutually wound to form a winding mode shown in fig. 5 and 6, when the optical fiber is wound, the winding optical fiber is simultaneously subjected to high-temperature side melting at the heating furnace device, a series of heating modes such as graphite furnace heating, laser heating or oxyhydrogen flame heating can be adopted in the high-temperature heating mode, only the heating temperature reaches the temperature that the optical fiber can be melted, and the side melting of the combined optical fiber can be performed.
Second embodiment
The embodiment discloses a (8+1) multi-fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam combining device, as shown in fig. 1, the chuck comprises an inner ring layer 1 and an outer ring layer 2: the inner ring layer 1 is provided with at least one grip; the outer ring layer 2 is provided with at least one grip, the grips are uniformly distributed around the inner ring layer 1, the inner ring layer 1 is positioned at the center of the chuck structure, the outer ring layer 2 can rotate around the inner ring layer 1 with different degrees of attribute, the rotation speed is precisely controlled by a motor, and the rotation speed can be adjusted to 100-3000 r/min; the inner ring layer 1 is provided with a first gripper 61, the outer ring layer 2 is provided with a second gripper 62, a third gripper 63, a fourth gripper 64, a fifth gripper 65, a sixth gripper 66, a seventh gripper 67, an eighth gripper 68 and a ninth gripper 69, and the 9 grippers can be combined in different manners to manufacture the n+1 combined optical fiber. The first grip 61 and the second grip 62 are used to manufacture (1+1) -type composite functional optical fiber, the active optical fiber preform is clamped and fixed by the first grip 61, the pumping optical fiber preform is clamped and fixed by the second grip 62, the pumping optical fiber 12 can be mutually wound around the active optical fiber 11 by starting the rotation function during drawing to form a winding mode shown in fig. 5 and 6, the manufactured 2+1-type composite functional optical fiber has a cross section as shown in fig. 8, the 2+1-type composite functional optical fiber can be manufactured by using the first grip 61, the grip 62 and the grip 65, the active optical fiber preform is clamped and fixed by the grip 61, the two pumping optical fiber preforms are respectively clamped and fixed by the grip 62 and the grip 65, and the 2 pumping optical fibers can be wound around the 1 active optical fiber by starting the rotation function during drawing, and the manufactured 2+1-type composite functional optical fiber has a cross section as shown in fig. 8; using the first grip 61 and the second grip 62, the fourth grip 64, the sixth grip 66, the eighth grip 68 five grips, a 4+1 type composite function optical fiber can be manufactured; using the first hand grip 61 and the second hand grip 62, the third hand grip 63, the fourth hand grip 64, the fifth hand grip 65, the sixth hand grip 66, the seventh hand grip 67, the eighth hand grip 68, the ninth hand grip 69, nine hand grips can be used to make an (8+1) -type composite functional optical fiber, the cross-sectional view of which is shown in fig. 9; therefore, the optical fiber rotary drawing is carried out by adopting chucks with different numbers in the outer ring layer 2, and the (N+M) composite functional optical fiber (N is the number of pumping optical fibers, N is more than or equal to 1;M is the number of gain optical fibers, and M is more than or equal to 1) can be obtained.
Example III
The present embodiment discloses a beam combining method using a multi-fiber high-speed rotation drawing side fusion beam combining device, and the present embodiment describes (1+1) composite functional optical fiber by taking the diameter of an active optical fiber to be prepared as 400um and the diameter of a pumping optical fiber as 250um as an example:
as shown in fig. 10, the specific detailed steps of the (1+1) -type composite functional optical fiber are as follows:
step 1: preparing 1 active optical fiber preform 12 with a diameter of about 32mm and 1 pump optical fiber preform 11 with a diameter of about 20mm, wherein the lengths of all the preforms are 90cm long;
step 2: clamping a pump optical fiber preform 11 on a gripper 52 and clamping an active optical fiber preform 72 on a gripper 51 by using the structural schematic diagram of a chuck 50 shown in fig. 2;
step 3: simultaneously drawing optical fibers at the drawing temperature of 2200 ℃ and at the same drawing speed by two optical fiber preformed bars fixed on a drawing tower, passing 2 optical fibers through a coating device and a curing device after rod falling and fixing the optical fibers on a drawing drum 78, wherein the rod feeding speed is set to be about 12.5mm/min according to the diameter requirement of the required combined optical fibers, and the drawing speed is 80m/min;
step 4: after a period of drawing, when the diameter of the active optical fiber 12 is stabilized at about 400um and the diameter of the pumping optical fiber is stabilized at about 250um, the two optical fibers are independently drawn into a separation area A with the length of 2 meters;
step 5: the spin function of the chuck 60 is started to accelerate to 2000 rpm, at this time, the pump optical fiber preform 71 starts to rotate around the active optical fiber preform 72 in the center, and simultaneously the pump optical fiber preform is wound around the active optical fiber preform, and each optical fiber is axially fused with each other due to torsion in a high temperature region wound in the heating furnace to form an optical fiber bundle, and simultaneously the coating device and the curing device are started to complete coating and ultraviolet curing of the optical fiber bundle to form an optical fiber bundle combining region B, the cross section of which is shown in fig. 7.
Step 6: after drawing the 50m long combining zone, the chuck 60 stops rotating, and simultaneously stops the coating device and the curing device, at this time, the optical fiber bundle is separated again due to the tension of the optical fiber, and is drawn into a separation zone C of 2m length again;
step 7: and stopping drawing to finish drawing the one-end (1+1) -type composite functional optical fiber.
If the drawing is not stopped in the step 7, the steps 4 to 6 are continuously repeated, and the multi-section (1+1) type composite functional optical fiber can be repeatedly manufactured.
Implementation column four
The present embodiment discloses a beam combining method using a multi-fiber high-speed rotation drawing side fusion beam combining device based on the second embodiment, and the present embodiment describes (8+1) composite functional optical fiber by taking the diameter of the active optical fiber to be prepared as 400um and the diameter of the pumping optical fiber as 250um as an example:
as shown in fig. 1, the specific detailed steps of the (8+1) -type composite functional optical fiber are as follows:
step 1: 1 active optical fiber preform 72 having a diameter of about 32mm and 8 pump optical fiber preforms 71 having a diameter of about 20mm are prepared, and all the preforms have the same length of 90 cm;
step 2: the chuck 60 shown in fig. 1 is adopted to clamp eight pump optical fiber preforms 71 on the second grip 62, the third grip 63, the fourth grip 64, the fifth grip 65, the sixth grip 66, the seventh grip 67, the eighth grip 68 and the ninth grip 69, respectively, and to clamp the active optical fiber preform 72 on the first grip 61;
step 3: simultaneously drawing 9 optical fibers at the drawing temperature of 2200 ℃ and at the same drawing speed, passing the 9 optical fibers through a coating device and a curing device after rod falling, fixing the finally drawn optical fibers on a take-up reel 78, and setting the rod feeding speed to be about 6.25mm/min and the drawing speed to be 40m/min according to the manufacturing requirement;
step 4: after a period of drawing, when the diameter of the active optical fiber 12 is stabilized at about 400um and the diameter of the 8 pump optical fibers 12 is stabilized at about 250um, 9 optical fibers are independently drawn into a separation area A with the length of 2 meters;
step 5: the rotation function of the chuck 60 is started, the speed is gradually increased to 2000r/min, at this time, 8 pump optical fiber preforms 71 start to rotate around the central 1 active optical fiber preform 72, meanwhile, 8 pump optical fibers 12 start to wind around the central 1 active optical fiber 11, the optical fibers are mutually fused in the axial direction due to torsion in a high-temperature area in a heating furnace to form an optical fiber bundle, a coating device 75 and an ultraviolet curing system 76 are started, the optical fiber bundle is coated and ultraviolet cured, a 50-meter long bundle combining area is drawn, an optical fiber bundle combining area B is formed, and the cross section of the optical fiber bundle combining area is shown in fig. 9.
Step 6: after drawing the 80-meter long combining zone, the chuck 60 stops rotating, and simultaneously the coating device 75 and the curing device 76 are stopped, at which time the fiber bundle is separated again due to the fiber tension, and is drawn again into a separation zone C of 2 meters length;
step 7: and stopping drawing to finish drawing the section of (8+1) -type composite functional optical fiber.
If the drawing is not stopped in the step 7, the steps 4 to 6 are continuously repeated, and the multi-section (8+1) -type composite functional optical fiber can be manufactured.
Embodiment five
The embodiment discloses a composite optical fiber structure schematic diagram of a beam combining method by a multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary drawing side fusion beam combining device, as shown in fig. 4-6, the doped active optical fiber 11 and the pump optical fiber 12 are mutually wound and mutually fused along the axial direction in an optical fiber beam combining region B; separated from each other in region a and region C; the optical fiber bundle in the optical fiber bundle region B has a double coating including a low refractive index coating layer 13 and a protective coating layer 14. The pump light can be injected from two ends of the pump optical fiber 12 respectively or simultaneously, and the high-efficiency coupling of the pump light is realized in the optical fiber beam combining area B, and by the drawing method, two optical fibers with the same diameter can be fused and drawn, and two optical fiber preformed bars with different diameters and even large differences can be fused and drawn; 7-9 show the fused cross section of the drawn pump fiber and the active fiber, if the pump fiber and the active fiber are fused together, the cross section of the (1+1) type combined fiber at the combined position is 8-shaped fused cross section, and if the N+1 type multiple fibers are fused together, the pump fiber and the active fiber are polygonal fused cross section with radian; the beam-combining optical fiber drawn by the method has the advantages of greatly improving the coupling efficiency, along with good stability, being capable of realizing unidirectional kilowatt-level laser power output and simultaneously pumping in both directions.
In summary, the composite functional optical fiber prepared by the embodiment enables the pump optical fiber and the active optical fiber to be fused into an integrated structure, has simple operation process steps and low requirement on the process, can realize fusion and beam combination at a long distance in a composite functional area, and can not damage the active optical fiber and fiber cores in the pump optical fiber in the process of preparing the combined optical fiber; the prepared composite functional optical fiber has higher coupling efficiency, is suitable for kilowatt-level laser output, can realize bidirectional pumping at the same time, and can realize the manufacture of high-power laser devices.
The application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The application extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-optical fiber high-speed rotary wiredrawing side fusion beam method is characterized in that:
a beam combining device is adopted, and comprises a heating furnace, a take-up reel and a chuck; the chuck comprises a chuck main structure and at least two grippers for fixing the optical fiber preform; the chuck main structure is a rotary structure, and the grippers are arranged on the chuck main structure; the heating furnace is arranged right below the chuck; the chuck main structure comprises an inner ring layer and an outer ring layer; the outer ring layer surrounds the inner ring layer; the inner ring layer and the outer ring layer are respectively provided with at least one gripper for fixing the optical fiber preform;
the method comprises the following steps:
A. fixing the cleaned optical fiber preform on a grip of an outer ring layer of a chuck;
B. controlling the wire drawing speed and the heating temperature, and independently drawing a plurality of optical fiber preformed rods;
C. starting the rotation function of the chuck main structure, controlling the rotation speed and the heating temperature, winding the drawn optical fiber, melting the side surface along the axial direction, synthesizing an optical fiber bundle, and coating and ultraviolet curing the synthesized optical fiber bundle;
D. stopping the rotation function of the chuck, and continuing drawing the optical fiber to separate the drawn optical fiber of the preform; a section of composite functional optical fiber is prepared.
2. The multi-fiber high-speed rotating drawn side fusion bundle method of claim 1, wherein:
when the number of the grippers is two, the two grippers are symmetrical with respect to the center of the chuck main structure; and a coating device and a curing device are arranged below the heating furnace.
3. The multi-fiber high-speed rotating drawn side fusion bundle method of claim 1, wherein:
when the number of the grippers of the outer ring layer is two or more, the grippers of the outer ring layer are uniformly distributed around the inner ring layer; and a coating device and a curing device are arranged below the heating furnace.
4. The multi-fiber high-speed rotating drawn side fusion bundle method of claim 2, wherein:
the method comprises the following steps:
A. respectively fixing the cleaned pump optical fiber preformed rod and the cleaned active optical fiber preformed rod on a grip of a chuck of a wire drawing tower;
B. controlling the wire drawing speed and the heating temperature, and independently drawing the two optical fiber preformed bars;
C. starting the rotation function of the chuck main structure, controlling the rotation speed and the heating temperature, enabling drawn optical fibers to be mutually wound and to be melted along the axial direction to the side face, synthesizing an optical fiber bundle, and coating and ultraviolet curing the synthesized optical fiber bundle;
D. stopping the rotation function of the chuck, and continuing drawing the optical fiber to separate the drawn optical fiber of the preform; a section of composite functional optical fiber is prepared.
5. A multi-fiber high speed spin-drawing side fusion bundle method according to claim 3, wherein:
the method comprises the following steps:
A. fixing the cleaned pump optical fiber preform on a grip of an outer ring layer of a chuck; if the number of the pumping optical fiber preforms reaches two, uniformly arranging the pumping optical fiber preforms on the grippers of the outer ring layer of the chuck;
B. controlling the wire drawing speed and the heating temperature, and independently drawing a plurality of optical fiber preformed rods;
C. starting the rotation function of the chuck main structure, controlling the rotation speed and the heating temperature, winding the drawn pump optical fiber around the active optical fiber, melting the pump optical fiber along the axial direction to form an optical fiber bundle, and coating and ultraviolet curing the synthesized optical fiber bundle;
D. stopping the rotation function of the chuck, and continuing drawing the optical fiber to separate the drawn optical fiber of the preform; a section of composite functional optical fiber is prepared.
6. A multi-fiber high speed spin-drawing side fusion bundle method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that:
the optical fiber preform in the step A is a polygonal preform; the active optical fiber is a rare earth doped optical fiber.
7. The method for drawing a side fusion bundle by high-speed rotation of multiple optical fibers according to claim 6, wherein:
the doped optical fiber is a rare earth doped optical fiber doped with at least one of rare earth elements ytterbium, erbium, thulium, holmium, praseodymium and rubidium.
8. A multi-fiber high speed spin-drawing side fusion bundle method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that:
and in the step B, the heating temperature is 1900-2200 ℃, and the wire drawing speed is 1-150 m/min.
9. A multi-fiber high speed spin-drawing side fusion bundle method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that:
in the step C: and after the diameter of the drawn optical fiber of the optical fiber preform is stable, starting the rotation function of the chuck.
10. A multi-fiber high speed spin-drawing side fusion bundle method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that:
in the step C, the rotation speed of the chuck is 500-3000 r/min; the length of the synthetic optical fiber bundle is 0.1 m-100 m.
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