CN111496415B - High-performance dynamic fixed cone in cone crusher and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance dynamic fixed cone in cone crusher and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-performance movable fixed cone in a cone crusher, which comprises a movable cone and a fixed cone, wherein a cavity is formed between the movable cone and the fixed cone; the movable cone and the fixed cone are both composed of a base body and a wear-resistant layer, the wear-resistant layer is deposited on the base body and is respectively positioned on the outer surface of the movable cone and the inner surface of the fixed cone and distributed on the parts with serious wear on the movable cone and the fixed cone. The wear-resisting layer comprises a bottoming layer, a buffer layer, a transition layer and a cover layer which are sequentially laminated. The invention also discloses a preparation method for preparing welding wires required by manufacturing the priming layer, the buffer layer, the transition layer and the covering layer; and overlaying a wear-resistant layer on the substrate through an overlaying process. The movable fixed cone consists of the high manganese steel matrix and the wear-resistant composite layer, has the characteristics of high wear resistance and high impact, can be repeatedly repaired and utilized when the wear reaches a certain degree, effectively increases the wear resistance of the movable fixed cone, improves the impact toughness of the movable fixed cone, reduces the labor operation intensity and the production cost, and prolongs the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing and welding, in particular to a high-performance dynamic fixed cone in a cone crusher and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cone crusher is an advanced hydraulic crusher with high power, high crushing ratio and high productivity, and has wide application in superfine crushing of hard rock, ore, slag, refractory material and other fields. In the working process of the cone crusher, the motor drives the eccentric sleeve to rotate through the transmission device, the movable cone rotates and swings under the action of the eccentric sleeve, the section of the movable cone, which is close to the fixed cone, becomes a crushing cavity, and materials are crushed by repeated extrusion and impact of the movable cone and the fixed cone. Because the movable cone and the fixed cone of the cone crusher are impacted and worn by materials in the using process, the surface wear amount of the movable cone and the fixed cone is extremely large, the space distance of the crushing cavity is increased, the granularity of the materials is increased, secondary crushing is performed, and the operation efficiency and the product quality are affected.
In the manufacture of the existing movable cone and fixed cone of the cone crusher, the movable cone and the fixed cone are basically cast integrally, the material is generally ZGMn13-ZGMn18 alloy series, and a certain amount of alloy elements such as Cr, mo, ti and the like are added into an alloy system to improve the wear resistance and impact toughness of a matrix and prolong the service life. However, since both the moving cone and the fixed cone are austenitic stainless steel which is treated by water toughness, martensitic stainless steel is formed on the surface after impact hardening, and the surface hardness is between HRC40 and 50. The movable cone and the fixed cone can only be scrapped after being worn to a certain extent and cannot be reused, so that the service life of the movable cone and the fixed cone is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems that the movable cone and the fixed cone are both austenitic stainless steel after being subjected to water toughening treatment, the martensitic stainless steel is formed on the surface after impact hardening, the surface hardness is between HRC40 and 50, the movable cone and the fixed cone can only be scrapped after being worn to a certain degree and cannot be reused, and the service life of the movable cone and the fixed cone is influenced are solved. The invention mainly utilizes the surfacing of the wear-resistant composite layer at the part with serious wear on the high manganese steel substrate of the movable fixed cone, can repeatedly repair and utilize the high manganese steel substrate when the high manganese steel substrate is worn to a certain extent, improves the wear resistance and impact toughness of the movable fixed cone, and prolongs the service life.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
a high performance dynamic fixed cone in a cone crusher, comprising: the movable cone and the fixed cone form a cavity; the movable cone and the fixed cone are composed of a base body and a wear-resistant layer, wherein the wear-resistant layer is deposited on the base body and is respectively positioned on the outer surface of the movable cone and the inner surface of the fixed cone and distributed on the parts with serious abrasion on the movable cone and the fixed cone.
Further, the material of the matrix is ZGMn18Cr2, and alloy elements such as Mo, V, re and the like are added to refine grains and improve impurity distribution; uniformly fixing and melting carbide through a high-temperature reinforced water toughening treatment process, so as to ensure the wear resistance and impact toughness of the matrix; the hardness of the matrix after high-temperature reinforced water toughening treatment is HB220-260, and the impact value is 100-120J/cm 2 。
Further, the wear-resistant layer is composed of a bottoming layer, a buffer layer, a transition layer and a cover layer which are sequentially stacked, and the bottoming layer is in contact with the substrate; the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is set according to the allowable range of the working clearance of the cavity.
Further, the priming layer mainly comprises a low-carbon Mn-Cr alloy material, wherein the low-carbon Mn-Cr alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.02 to 0.05 percent, mn: 16-18%, si:0.2 to 0.5 percent, cr:2.5 to 4.0 percent, mo:0.5 to 1.0 percent and the balance of Fe.
Further, the buffer layer is mainly composed of a low-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb alloy material, and the low-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.02 to 0.05 percent, mn:1.0 to 1.5 percent, si:0.3 to 0.8 percent, cr:3 to 4.5 percent, mo:1.5 to 2.5 percent, nb:1.5 to 2.5 percent; the balance being Fe.
Further, the transition layer mainly comprises a high-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb-W alloy material, wherein the high-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb-W alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.6 to 0.9 percent, mn:1.5 to 2.5 percent, si:0.5 to 1.5 percent, cr:6.5 to 8 percent, mo:1.5 to 2.5 percent, nb:1.5 to 2.5 percent, W:1.0 to 3.0 percent, V:0.5 to 1.0 percent, re:0.1 to 0.3 percent and the balance of Fe.
Further, the cover layer mainly comprises a high-carbon Nb-W alloy material, wherein the high-carbon Nb-W alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:1.0 to 1.5 percent, mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent, si:1.0 to 1.5 percent, cr:4.0 to 6.0 percent, nb:7.0 to 9.0 percent, W:1.0 to 3.0 percent, V:0.5 to 1.0 percent, re:0.1 to 0.3 percent and the balance of Fe.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-performance dynamic fixed cone in the cone crusher, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a welding wire;
s11, respectively preparing surfacing materials required by a base layer, a buffer layer, a transition layer and a cover layer;
s12, after the component elements in each surfacing material are respectively converted according to the proportion, selecting corresponding metal compounds or alloy powder, and respectively and uniformly mixing the corresponding metal compounds or alloy powder in a powder mixer according to the proportion to obtain each material powder;
s13, utilizing the powder of each material to obtain welding wires required by manufacturing a priming layer, a buffer layer, a transition layer and a covering layer;
s2, overlaying a wear-resistant layer on the substrate through an overlaying process;
s21, selecting surfacing equipment;
s22, selecting ZGMn18Cr2 as a matrix sample material, wherein the specification of the sample is phi 500 multiplied by 600mm or phi 300 multiplied by 600mm; machining the surfacing surface on the substrate to expose metallic luster; flaw detection is carried out on the sample, so that no crack and slag inclusion defect are ensured;
s23, preheating the whole sample before welding, wherein the preheating temperature is 150 ℃, the heating speed is 40-50 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h;
s24, performing surfacing welding by using welding wires of the bottoming layer, the buffer layer, the transition layer and the cover layer;
s25, after overlaying, wrapping the steel wire with heat-insulating cotton, slowly cooling to below 150 ℃, and then carrying out postweld tempering treatment;
s26, performing postweld heat treatment, wherein the postweld heat treatment conditions are as follows:
furnace temperature during furnace feeding: <150 ℃, temperature rising rate: 30-50 ℃/h, and the heat preservation temperature is as follows: 200+/-10 ℃ and the heat preservation time is as follows: 6-8 h, cooling speed: 25-40 ℃/h, tapping temperature: <100 ℃.
Further, in step S13, the method for manufacturing the welding wire specifically includes the following steps:
s131, selecting four groups of cold-rolled steel strips with the thickness of 0.3-0.8 mm, and longitudinally shearing the widths of the cold-rolled steel strips into 8-10 mm by using a slitting machine;
s132, rolling the cut cold-rolled steel strips into U-shaped sections on a wire rolling machine, and respectively adding mixed material powder into the U-shaped grooves;
s133, rolling each steel belt into a welding wire blank pipe with an O-shaped cross section, wherein the diameter of the O-shaped pipe is phi 3-5 mm;
s134, drawing each welding wire blank tube to a finished welding wire by using a multi-connection linear wire drawing machine, wherein the diameter of the finished welding wire is phi 2.4-3.2 mm, and then respectively winding the finished welding wire into a standard disc-shaped welding wire to obtain the welding wires of the bottoming layer, the buffer layer, the transition layer and the covering layer.
Further, in step S24, the build-up welding sequence is:
s241, using a welding wire for manufacturing a priming layer, and overlaying a priming layer on the substrate, wherein the thickness of single-side overlaying is 2-2.5 mm;
s242, after the surfacing of the base layer is finished, surfacing a buffer layer on the base layer by using a welding wire for manufacturing the buffer layer, wherein the thickness of the unilateral surfacing is 2-2.5 mm;
s243, after the surfacing of the buffer layer is finished, surfacing two transition layers on the buffer layer by using a welding wire for manufacturing the transition layers, wherein the thickness of the unilateral surfacing is 4-5mm;
s244, after the surfacing of the transition layer is finished, surfacing two cover layers on the transition layer by using a welding wire for manufacturing the cover layers, wherein the thickness of the unilateral surfacing is 4-5mm; the build-up welding thickness of the whole workpiece is 12-15 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the high-performance movable fixed cone in the cone crusher and the preparation method thereof effectively solve the problems of wear resistance and repairability of the mine movable fixed cone matrix, and improve the wear resistance and impact toughness of the movable fixed cone; the utilization rate of the matrix is improved through the additive manufacturing technology.
2. The high-performance movable fixed cone in the cone crusher and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the characteristics of high wear resistance and high impact, and can be repeatedly repaired and utilized when the high-manganese steel matrix and the wear-resistant composite layer are worn to a certain extent, so that the wear resistance of the movable fixed cone is effectively increased, the impact toughness of the movable fixed cone is improved, the labor operation intensity and the production cost are reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
In summary, the technical scheme of the invention can solve the problems that the moving cone and the fixed cone in the prior art are both austenitic stainless steel after being subjected to water toughening treatment, martensitic stainless steel is formed on the surface after impact hardening, the surface hardness is between HRC40 and 50, the moving cone and the fixed cone can only be scrapped after being worn to a certain extent, the moving cone and the fixed cone cannot be reused, and the service life of the moving cone and the fixed cone is influenced.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of mechanical manufacturing, welding and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the high-performance dynamic cone.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the composite wear-resistant layer in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a movable cone; 2. a fixed cone; 3. a wear-resistant layer; 31. a bottom layer is formed; 32. a buffer layer; 33. a transition layer; 34. a cover layer; 4. a cavity; 5. a substrate.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a high performance dynamic fixed cone in a cone crusher that is long-lived, highly wear resistant and capable of additive manufacturing, comprising: the dynamic cone 1 and the fixed cone 2 form a cavity 4 between the dynamic cone 1 and the fixed cone 2; the movable cone 1 and the fixed cone 2 are composed of a base body 5 and a wear-resistant layer 3, wherein the wear-resistant layer 3 is deposited on the base body 5, is respectively positioned on the outer surface of the movable cone 1 and the inner surface of the fixed cone 2, and is distributed on the parts with serious wear on the movable cone 1 and the fixed cone 2.
The material of the matrix 5 is ZGMn18Cr2, and alloy elements such as Mo, V, re and the like are added to refine grains and improve impurity distribution; uniformly fixing and melting carbide through a high-temperature reinforced water toughening treatment process, so as to ensure the wear resistance and impact toughness of the matrix 5; the hardness of the matrix 5 after high-temperature reinforced water toughening treatment is HB220-260, and the impact value is 100-120J/cm 2 。
The wear-resistant layer 3 is composed of a base layer 31, a buffer layer 32, a transition layer 33 and a cover layer 34 which are sequentially stacked, and the base layer 31 is in contact with the substrate 5; the thickness of the wear layer 3 is set according to the working gap allowance of the cavity 4.
The underlayer 31 is mainly composed of a low-carbon mn—cr alloy material, which contains the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.02 to 0.05 percent, mn: 16-18%, si:0.2 to 0.5 percent, cr:2.5 to 4.0 percent, mo:0.5 to 1.0 percent and the balance of Fe.
The buffer layer 32 is mainly composed of a low-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb alloy material including the following components in mass percentage:
c:0.02 to 0.05 percent, mn:1.0 to 1.5 percent, si:0.3 to 0.8 percent, cr:3 to 4.5 percent, mo:1.5 to 2.5 percent, nb:1.5 to 2.5 percent; the balance being Fe.
The transition layer 33 is mainly composed of a high-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb-W alloy material, which contains the following components in mass percentage:
c:0.6 to 0.9 percent, mn:1.5 to 2.5 percent, si:0.5 to 1.5 percent, cr:6.5 to 8 percent, mo:1.5 to 2.5 percent, nb:1.5 to 2.5 percent, W:1.0 to 3.0 percent, V:0.5 to 1.0 percent, re:0.1 to 0.3 percent and the balance of Fe.
The cover layer 34 is mainly composed of a high-carbon Nb-W alloy material, which contains the following components in percentage by mass:
c:1.0 to 1.5 percent, mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent, si:1.0 to 1.5 percent, cr:4.0 to 6.0 percent, nb:7.0 to 9.0 percent, W:1.0 to 3.0 percent, V:0.5 to 1.0 percent, re:0.1 to 0.3 percent and the balance of Fe.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-performance dynamic fixed cone in the cone crusher, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a welding wire;
s11, preparing surfacing materials required by a bottoming layer 31, a buffer layer 32, a transition layer 33 and a cover layer 34 respectively;
s12, respectively converting component elements (C, mn, si, cr, nb, W, V, re and Fe) in each surfacing material according to a proportion, selecting corresponding metal compounds or alloy powders, and respectively and uniformly mixing in a powder mixer according to a proportion to obtain each material powder;
s13, using the powder of each material to obtain welding wires required for manufacturing the bottom layer 31, the buffer layer 32, the transition layer 33 and the cover layer 34;
s2, overlaying the wear-resistant layer 3 on the substrate 5 through an overlaying process;
s21, selecting surfacing equipment;
s22, selecting ZGMn18Cr2 as a sample material of the matrix 5, wherein the specification of the sample is phi 500 multiplied by 600mm or phi 300 multiplied by 600mm; machining the surfacing surface on the substrate 5 to expose metallic luster; flaw detection is carried out on the sample, so that no crack and slag inclusion defect are ensured;
s23, preheating the whole sample before welding, wherein the preheating temperature is 150 ℃, the heating speed is 40-50 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h;
s24, performing surfacing welding by using welding wires of the bottom layer 31, the buffer layer 32, the transition layer 33 and the cover layer 34;
s25, after overlaying, wrapping the steel wire with heat-insulating cotton, slowly cooling to below 150 ℃, and then carrying out postweld tempering treatment;
s26, performing postweld heat treatment, wherein the postweld heat treatment conditions are as follows:
furnace temperature during furnace feeding: <150 ℃, temperature rising rate: 30-50 ℃/h, and the heat preservation temperature is as follows: 200+/-10 ℃ and the heat preservation time is as follows: 6-8 h, cooling speed: 25-40 ℃/h, tapping temperature: <100 ℃.
In step S13, the method for manufacturing the welding wire specifically includes the following steps:
s131, selecting four groups of cold-rolled steel strips with the thickness of 0.3-0.8 mm, and longitudinally shearing the widths of the cold-rolled steel strips into 8-10 mm by using a slitting machine;
s132, rolling the cut cold-rolled steel strips into U-shaped sections on a wire rolling machine, and respectively adding mixed material powder into the U-shaped grooves;
s133, rolling each steel belt into a welding wire blank pipe with an O-shaped cross section, wherein the diameter of the O-shaped pipe is phi 3-5 mm;
s134, drawing each welding wire blank tube to a finished welding wire by using a multi-connection linear wire drawing machine, wherein the diameter of the finished welding wire is phi 2.4-3.2 mm, and then respectively winding the finished welding wire into standard disc-shaped welding wires to obtain the welding wires of the bottom layer 31, the buffer layer 32, the transition layer 33 and the cover layer 34.
In step S24, the build-up welding sequence is:
s241, using a welding wire for manufacturing the bottom layer 31, overlaying a layer of the bottom layer 31 on the substrate 5, wherein the thickness of single-side overlaying is 2-2.5 mm;
s242, after the surfacing of the bottom layer 31 is finished, surfacing a buffer layer 32 on the bottom layer 31 by using a welding wire for manufacturing the buffer layer 32, wherein the thickness of the unilateral surfacing is 2-2.5 mm;
s243, after the surfacing of the buffer layer 32 is finished, surfacing two layers of transition layers 33 on the buffer layer 32 by using a welding wire for manufacturing the transition layers 33, wherein the thickness of the unilateral surfacing is 4-5mm;
s244, after the surfacing of the transition layer 33 is finished, surfacing two layers of cover layers 34 on the transition layer 33 by using a welding wire for manufacturing the cover layers 34, wherein the thickness of the unilateral surfacing is 4-5mm; the build-up welding thickness of the whole workpiece is 12-15 mm.
Example 1
The high-performance dynamic fixed cone in the cone crusher in the embodiment mainly comprises a dynamic cone 1, a fixed cone 2, a wear-resistant layer 3 and a cavity 4, as shown in fig. 1.
(1) The base body 5 material of the dynamic cone 1 and the fixed cone 2 is ZGMn18Cr2, and some Mo, V, re and other alloy elements are added to refine grains and improve impurity distribution; the carbide is uniformly and fixedly melted by the high-temperature reinforced water toughening treatment process, so that the wear resistance and impact toughness of the matrix 5 are ensured. The hardness of the base body 5 of the treated dynamic cone 1 and the treated fixed cone 2 is HB220-260, and the impact value reaches 100-120J/cm 2 。
(2) The wear-resistant layer 3 with high hardness is prepared at the parts with serious wear of the dynamic cone 1 and the static cone 2 and mainly consists of a bottoming layer 31, a buffer layer 32, a transition layer 33 and a covering layer 34, as shown in figure 2. The thickness of the wear layer 3 of the overlay is set according to the working gap allowance range of the cavity 4.
(3) The primer layer 31 is mainly composed of a low-carbon Mn-Cr alloy material, and the specific chemical composition ranges are as follows: c:0.02 to 0.05 percent; mn: 16-18%; si:0.2 to 0.5 percent; cr:2.5 to 4.0 percent; mo:0.5 to 1.0 percent; the balance being Fe. Function of preparing the primer layer 31: the carbon element in the matrix 5 is diluted by welding, so that the welded metal structure is ensured to have the chemical components and mechanical properties of high manganese steel, and the welding crack at the joint of the matrix 5 and the bottom layer 31 is avoided by controlling the welding heat input amount, so that a subsequent welding buffer layer 32 is laid.
(4) The buffer layer 32 is mainly composed of a low-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb alloy material, and has the following specific chemical composition ranges: c:0.02 to 0.05 percent; mn:1.0 to 1.5 percent; si:0.3 to 0.8 percent; cr:3 to 4.5 percent; mo:1.5 to 2.5 percent; nb:1.5 to 2.5 percent; the balance being Fe. Role of preparing buffer layer 32: the overall toughness of the welded metallic structure is adjusted by reducing the Mn content to ensure metallurgical bonding with the primer layer 31, and Nb, mo and other alloys are added to reduce the dilution of the alloying elements in the transition layer 33.
(5) The transition layer 33 is mainly composed of a high-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb-W alloy material, and the specific chemical composition ranges are as follows: c:0.6 to 0.9 percent; mn:1.5 to 2.5 percent; si:0.5 to 1.5 percent; cr:6.5 to 8 percent; mo:1.5 to 2.5 percent; nb:1.5 to 2.5 percent; w:1.0 to 3.0 percent; v:0.5 to 1.0 percent; re:0.1 to 0.3 percent; the balance being Fe. Role of preparing the transition layer 33: the addition of the rare earth element Re mainly reduces the number of inclusions in the cladding metal and simultaneously plays a role in refining grains, so that the craftwork performance, the toughness performance and other technological properties and mechanical properties of the transition layer 33 are improved. The welded metal layer has a weld hardness of HRC53-55, and after tempering at 560 ℃, the welded metal layer has a hardness of HRC56-58.
(6) The capping layer 34 is composed primarily of a high carbon Nb-W alloy material, with the following specific chemical composition ranges: c:1.0 to 1.5 percent; mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent; si:1.0 to 1.5 percent; cr:4.0 to 6.0 percent; nb:7.0 to 9.0 percent; w:1.0 to 3.0 percent; v:0.5 to 1.0 percent; re:0.1 to 0.3 percent; the balance being Fe. Function of preparing the cover layer 34: by adding C, nb element, a large amount of hard phases which are dispersed and distributed are formed in the cladding metal, the hardness reaches HRC58-62, and the wear resistance is further improved.
(7) 120 times of shearing experiments and drop hammer experiments prove that after high-speed impact, the wear-resistant layer 3 is well combined with the matrix 5, and the phenomena of stripping and falling do not occur.
The welding wire preparation was performed according to the composition of the build-up materials shown in table 1, and the specific preparation method is as follows:
(1) After conversion according to the proportion shown in Table 1, selecting corresponding metal compound or alloy powder, and uniformly mixing in a powder mixer according to the proportion to obtain material powder;
(2) A cold-rolled steel strip with the thickness of 0.3-0.8 mm is longitudinally sheared into a steel strip with the width of 8-10 mm by a slitting machine, the steel strip is rolled into a U-shaped cross section on a wire rolling machine, mixed material powder is added into a U-shaped groove, and then the steel strip is rolled into a welding wire blank pipe with the cross section of O-shaped phi 3-5 mm; and drawing the welding wire blank tube to a finished welding wire by using a multi-connected linear wire drawing machine, wherein the dimension phi is 2.4-3.2 mm, and then winding the finished welding wire into a standard disc-shaped welding wire.
TABLE 1 content of Each component in the build-up Material (wt%)
The specific surfacing process is as follows:
(1) And single-head single-wire submerged arc surfacing equipment is adopted.
(2) The substrate 5 is ZGMn18Cr2, and the specification of the sample is phi 500 multiplied by 600mm. And (5) machining the surfacing surface to expose the metallic luster. And flaw detection is carried out on the test sample, so that the defects of cracks, slag inclusion and the like are avoided.
(3) The whole sample is preheated before welding, the preheating temperature is 150 ℃, the heating speed is 40-50 ℃/h, and the heat preservation is carried out for 4-6 h.
(4) Surfacing sequence: firstly, overlaying a layer of priming layer 31 on the substrate 5, wherein the thickness of single-sided overlaying is about 2-2.5 mm; secondly, overlaying a buffer layer 32, wherein the thickness of the unilateral overlaying is about 2-2.5 mm; then overlaying two transition layers 33, wherein the thickness of single-sided overlaying is about 4-5mm; and finally, overlaying the two cover layers 34, wherein the thickness of the single-sided overlaying is about 4-5mm, and the total overlaying thickness of the whole workpiece is 12-15 mm. The specific overlay welding process parameters are shown in table 2.
Table 2 overlay welding process parameters
(5) After overlaying, the steel is wrapped by heat-insulating cotton and slowly cooled to below 150 ℃ and then subjected to postweld tempering treatment.
(6) Post-welding heat treatment: furnace temperature during furnace feeding: <150 ℃, temperature rising rate: 30-50 ℃/h, and the heat preservation temperature is as follows: 200+/-10 ℃ and the heat preservation time is as follows: 6-8 h, cooling speed: 25-40 ℃/h, tapping temperature: <100 ℃.
Through the design and implementation of the invention, the service life of the movable fixed cone in the cone crusher can be effectively prolonged, and the invention is widely applied in the mine and cement industries.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A high performance moving cone in a cone crusher, comprising: the device comprises a movable cone (1) and a fixed cone (2), wherein a cavity (4) is formed between the movable cone (1) and the fixed cone (2); the dynamic cone (1) and the fixed cone (2) are both composed of a base body (5) and a wear-resistant layer (3), wherein the wear-resistant layer (3) is deposited on the base body (5) and is respectively positioned on the outer surface of the dynamic cone (1) and the inner surface of the fixed cone (2) and distributed on the parts with serious abrasion on the dynamic cone (1) and the fixed cone (2);
the wear-resistant layer (3) is composed of a base layer (31), a buffer layer (32), a transition layer (33) and a cover layer (34) which are sequentially stacked, and the base layer (31) is in contact with the substrate (5); the thickness of the wear-resistant layer (3) is set according to the allowable range of the working clearance of the cavity (4);
the material of the matrix (5) is ZGMn18Cr2, and Mo, V and Re alloy elements are added to refine grains and improve impurity distribution; uniformly fixing and melting carbide through a high-temperature reinforced water toughening treatment process, so as to ensure the wear resistance and impact toughness of the matrix (5); the hardness of the matrix (5) after high-temperature reinforced water toughening treatment is HB220-260, and the impact value is 100-120J/cm 2 ；
The priming layer (31) mainly consists of a low-carbon Mn-Cr alloy material, wherein the low-carbon Mn-Cr alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.02 to 0.05 percent, mn: 16-18%, si:0.2 to 0.5 percent, cr:2.5 to 4.0 percent, mo:0.5 to 1.0 percent and the balance of Fe;
effect of preparing a primer layer (31): the carbon element in the matrix (5) is diluted by welding, so that the welded metal structure is ensured to have the chemical components and mechanical properties of high manganese steel, and welding cracks at the joint of the matrix (5) and the bottom layer (31) are avoided by controlling the welding heat input amount, so that a subsequent welding buffer layer (32) is laid; the buffer layer (32) is mainly composed of a low-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb alloy material, and the low-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.02 to 0.05 percent, mn:1.0 to 1.5 percent, si:0.3 to 0.8 percent, cr:3 to 4.5 percent, mo:1.5 to 2.5 percent, nb:1.5 to 2.5 percent; the balance being Fe;
preparation of buffer layer (32): the overall toughness of the welded metal structure is adjusted by reducing the Mn content, so that metallurgical bonding with the primer layer (31) is ensured, and Nb and Mo alloys are added to reduce the dilution effect of alloy elements in the transition layer (32);
the transition layer (33) is mainly composed of a high-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb-W alloy material, and the high-carbon Cr-Mo-Nb-W alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.6 to 0.9 percent, mn:1.5 to 2.5 percent, si:0.5 to 1.5 percent, cr:6.5 to 8 percent, mo:1.5 to 2.5 percent, nb:1.5 to 2.5 percent, W:1.0 to 3.0 percent, V:0.5 to 1.0 percent, re:0.1 to 0.3 percent and the balance of Fe;
preparation of the transition layer (33): the addition of the rare earth element Re mainly reduces the number of inclusions in the cladding metal and simultaneously plays a role in refining grains, so that the cracking resistance, the strength and toughness technological properties and the mechanical properties of the transition layer (33) are improved; the welded metal layer has a welded state hardness value of HRC53-55, and after tempering treatment at 560 ℃, the hardness value can reach HRC56-58; the cover layer (34) is mainly composed of a high-carbon Nb-W alloy material, and the high-carbon Nb-W alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c:1.0 to 1.5 percent, mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent, si:1.0 to 1.5 percent, cr:4.0 to 6.0 percent, nb:7.0 to 9.0 percent, W:1.0 to 3.0 percent, V:0.5 to 1.0 percent, re:0.1 to 0.3 percent and the balance of Fe;
preparation of the cover layer (34): by adding C, nb element, a large amount of hard phases which are dispersed and distributed are formed in the cladding metal, the hardness reaches HRC58-62, and the wear resistance is further improved.
2. A method of producing a high performance moving cone in a cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a welding wire;
s11, preparing surfacing materials required by a base layer (31), a buffer layer (32), a transition layer (33) and a cover layer (34) respectively;
s12, after the component elements in each surfacing material are respectively converted according to the proportion, selecting corresponding metal compounds or alloy powder to be respectively and uniformly mixed in a powder mixer according to the proportion, so as to obtain each material powder;
s13, utilizing the powder of each material to obtain welding wires required by manufacturing a base layer (31), a buffer layer (32), a transition layer (33) and a cover layer (34);
s2, overlaying a wear-resistant layer (3) on the substrate (5) through an overlaying process;
s21, selecting surfacing equipment;
s22, selecting ZGMn18Cr2 as a sample material of the matrix (5), wherein the specification of the sample is phi 500 multiplied by 600mm or phi 300 multiplied by 600mm; machining the surfacing surface on the substrate (5) to expose metallic luster; flaw detection is carried out on the sample, so that no crack and slag inclusion defect are ensured;
s23, preheating the whole sample before welding, wherein the preheating temperature is 150 ℃, the heating speed is 40-50 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h;
s24, performing surfacing welding by using welding wires of the bottoming layer (31), the buffer layer (32), the transition layer (33) and the covering layer (34);
s25, after overlaying, wrapping the steel wire with heat-insulating cotton, slowly cooling to below 150 ℃, and then carrying out postweld tempering treatment;
s26, performing postweld heat treatment, wherein the postweld heat treatment conditions are as follows:
furnace temperature during furnace feeding: <150 ℃, temperature rising rate: 30-50 ℃/h, and the heat preservation temperature is as follows: 200+/-10 ℃ and the heat preservation time is as follows: 6-8 h, cooling speed: 25-40 ℃/h, tapping temperature: <100 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step S13, the method for manufacturing the welding wire specifically comprises the following steps:
s131, selecting four groups of cold-rolled steel strips with the thickness of 0.3-0.8 mm, and longitudinally shearing the widths of the cold-rolled steel strips into 8-10 mm by using a slitting machine;
s132, rolling the cut cold-rolled steel strips into U-shaped sections on a wire rolling machine, and respectively adding mixed material powder into the U-shaped grooves;
s133, rolling each steel belt into a welding wire blank pipe with an O-shaped cross section, wherein the diameter of the O-shaped pipe is phi 3-5 mm;
s134, drawing each welding wire blank tube to a finished welding wire by using a multi-connection linear wire drawing machine, wherein the diameter of the finished welding wire is phi 2.4-3.2 mm, and then respectively winding the finished welding wire into standard disc-shaped welding wires to obtain welding wires of a bottom layer (31), a buffer layer (32), a transition layer (33) and a cover layer (34).
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step S24, the build-up welding sequence is:
s241, using a welding wire for manufacturing the bottom layer (31), overlaying a layer of the bottom layer (31) on the substrate (5), wherein the thickness of single-side overlaying is 2-2.5 mm;
s242, after the surfacing of the bottom layer (31) is finished, surfacing a layer of buffer layer (32) on the bottom layer (31) by using a welding wire for manufacturing the buffer layer (32), wherein the thickness of single-side surfacing is 2-2.5 mm;
s243, after the surfacing of the buffer layer (32) is finished, using a welding wire for manufacturing the transition layer (33), surfacing two transition layers (33) on the buffer layer (32), wherein the thickness of single-side surfacing is 4-5mm;
s244, after the surfacing of the transition layer (33) is finished, surfacing two layers of cover layers (34) on the transition layer (33) by using a welding wire for manufacturing the cover layers (34), wherein the thickness of single-side surfacing is 4-5mm; the build-up welding thickness of the whole workpiece is 12-15 mm.
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