CN111495954A - Layered treatment method for petroleum-polluted soil - Google Patents
Layered treatment method for petroleum-polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111495954A CN111495954A CN202010346479.XA CN202010346479A CN111495954A CN 111495954 A CN111495954 A CN 111495954A CN 202010346479 A CN202010346479 A CN 202010346479A CN 111495954 A CN111495954 A CN 111495954A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
Abstract
The invention discloses a layered treatment method for petroleum-polluted soil, which comprises the following steps: deeply ploughing at least twice land parcels to be processed; digging surface soil, preheating, crushing, screening and pyrolyzing the soil to obtain a pyrolysis mixture, and spraying a primary microorganism treatment solution at a certain distance into the soil at a high pressure; laying the pyrolysis mixture on the ground; after the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture is reduced, spreading the soil treatment mixture on the treated land, harrowing once, and covering with a heat-preservation mulching film; repeating the steps once; spreading a soil treatment mixture mixed with grass seeds on a land to be treated, harrowing once, and covering with a heat-preservation mulching film; repeating the steps until the concentration of the petroleum in the soil with the depth of the land to be treated within 0-50cm is lower than the restoration target value. The layered treatment method for the petroleum-polluted soil provided by the invention can combine a physical method and a biological method to carry out layered treatment on the petroleum-polluted soil so as to effectively improve the treatment effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polluted soil treatment, in particular to a layered treatment method for petroleum polluted soil.
Background
At present, the technologies for remedying the petroleum-polluted soil mainly comprise bioremediation, leaching, heat treatment and the like. Bioremediation has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, small secondary pollution and the like, but the bioremediation can only treat low-concentration petroleum-polluted soil and has long treatment period, and can not effectively degrade heavy petroleum components such as colloid, asphaltene and the like; the leaching process has the disadvantages that the leaching solution is difficult to separate from the soil, it is difficult to adapt to the viscous soil, and the leaching solution requires further treatment. The heat treatment technology has the remarkable advantages of high restoration efficiency, good adaptability to the types and concentrations of organic pollutants in soil and the like, and is widely applied to the restoration of the petroleum-polluted soil. However, the incineration technology in the heat treatment technology has the problems of high energy consumption, great influence on the physicochemical properties of the soil and the like, and is a challenge for heat treatment and remediation of the current petroleum-polluted soil. The pyrolysis technology can pyrolyze heavy oil (colloid, asphaltene and the like) into volatile and removable light oil and nonhazardous coke substances at relatively low temperature and in an oxygen-free or anoxic environment, and compared with the incineration technology, the pyrolysis technology can save energy consumption by 40-60%.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a layered treatment method for petroleum-polluted soil, which provides a proper heavy metal treatment liquid and a heavy metal treatment composition on the basis of a soil heavy metal layered treatment device, and further improves the soil treatment effect.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for layered remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil, comprising the steps of:
deeply turning the land to be treated at least twice, wherein the turning depth is 0.5-0.8m, and removing broken stones in the land to be treated;
step two, digging surface soil with the thickness of 10-25cm by adopting a digging part of the travelling soil treatment device, preheating, crushing, screening and pyrolyzing the soil to obtain a pyrolysis mixture, parking the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device once every 5-15m when the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device travels, and spraying a microbial treatment solution once at a high pressure of at least 15cm by adopting a high-pressure spraying part of the travelling soil treatment device to penetrate into the soil at a certain distance in the parking process;
step three, after the pyrolysis mixture in the advancing type soil treatment device is treated, returning along the original advancing path, and flatly paving the pyrolysis mixture on the ground treated by the high-pressure spraying part by adopting a distributor, wherein the paving width and the paving thickness are suitable for the width and the thickness of the surface soil dug in the step two;
step four, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step three is reduced to be less than 70 ℃, spreading the soil treatment mixture on the treated land, harrowing once, and covering by using a heat-preservation mulching film for at least 20 days;
step five, repeating the step two to the step three;
step six, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step five is reduced to be less than 70 ℃, scattering a soil treatment mixture mixed with grass seeds on a land to be treated, raking the land once, and covering the land with a heat-preservation mulching film until the germination rate of the grass seeds reaches 40%;
step seven, deeply plowing the land to be processed for one time, wherein the plowing depth is 0.5-0.8 m;
step eight, repeating the step five to the step seven until the concentration of petroleum in the soil with the depth of the land to be treated within 0-50cm is lower than a restoration target value;
wherein, marching type soil treatment device sets up on the automobile body, and marching type soil treatment device still includes:
the excavating part comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged on the vehicle body in a lifting manner through a supporting frame, the cross section of the rotating shaft is gradually increased from one end to the other end, and the rotating shaft is arranged in a lifting manner through a lifting assembly; the support frame comprises a lifting column which is arranged on the vehicle body in a lifting way through a hydraulic rod; the upper end of the branch beam is fixed to the lifting column, the lower end of the branch beam is branched into a fork shape, and the two front ends of the fork shape are disassembled and pivoted on the two ends of the rotating shaft; the guide port is formed at the front end of any fork shape, is arranged close to the pivot point, and is positioned on a plane nearly vertical to the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the edge of one end of the elastic guide groove is in adaptive butt joint with the guide port, and the other end of the elastic guide groove extends outwards; the shovel bodies are axially and uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft; one of the baffles is correspondingly arranged on the shovel bodies, and any one baffle is respectively arranged at two ends of any shovel body; one of the discharge ports is correspondingly arranged on the plurality of baffles close to one end of the rotating shaft in the plurality of pairs of baffles, and part of the edge of the discharge port is formed at the joint of the plurality of baffles and the rotating shaft and the shovel body respectively;
the conveying part comprises a box body, the box body is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the elastic guide groove is over against the upper opening of the box body; the conveying belt is obliquely arranged on the vehicle body, and one end of the conveying belt extends into the box body through the position right below the discharge port; a plurality of rubber grooves are arranged on the conveying surface of the conveying belt; an arc baffle plate which is obliquely arranged on the inner side wall of the box body,
the preheating box is arranged on the vehicle body, the other end of the conveying belt extends into a feeding hole I of the mixing preheating box, and the mixing preheating box further comprises a feeding hole II; the stirrer I is arranged in the mixing preheating box; the heating layer I is arranged on the inner side wall of the mixing preheating box and further comprises a plurality of heating sheets I, the heating sheets I extend from the heating layer I to the inner cavity of the mixing preheating box, and the heating sheets I and the stirring blades of the stirrer I are arranged in a staggered mode;
the vibrating screening box is arranged below the mixing preheating box and also comprises a vibrating screen which is obliquely arranged in the middle of the vibrating screening box and divides the vibrating screening box into an upper box body and a lower box body; the crushing roller is arranged in the upper box body and is close to one side of the relatively higher vibrating screen, and the rotating direction of the crushing roller is opposite to the sliding direction of the materials on the vibrating screen; the feeding hole III is arranged at the top of the upper box body and is communicated with the feeding hole I of the mixing preheating box through a pipeline; the discharging port II is arranged on the first side wall of the upper box body, and is formed at one side close to the relatively lower vibrating screen; the feed opening III is arranged at the bottom of the lower box body;
the heating box is arranged below the vibrating screening box and further comprises a feeding hole IV, and the feeding hole IV is communicated with the feeding hole III; the stirrer II is arranged in the heating box; the heating layer II is arranged on the inner side wall of the heating box and also comprises a plurality of heating sheets II, the heating sheets II extend from the heating layer II to the inner cavity of the heating box, and the heating sheets II and the stirring blades of the stirrer II are arranged in a staggered mode;
the distributor is of a fan-shaped cylinder structure, the tail end of the fan-shaped cylinder structure is communicated to the bottom of the heating box, and the fan-shaped front end of the fan-shaped cylinder structure extends towards the rear of the vehicle body; and
the high-pressure spraying part comprises a liquid containing tank; the punching jet part is a hollow forked body, the handle of the hollow forked body is arranged on the hydraulic lifting assembly in a lifting way, and the lower end of the hollow forked body is branched into at least two high-pressure jet branches; a plurality of injection holes uniformly distributed on the at least two high-pressure injection branches; and the high-pressure pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the liquid containing tank and the perforating injection piece.
Preferably, a ratio of the cross-sectional diameter of one end of the rotating shaft to the cross-sectional diameter of the other end of the rotating shaft is 1:2 to 1: 3.
Preferably, when the preheating tank of the traveling soil treatment device is adopted for stirring and preheating treatment in the second step, plant ash is added into the soil; when the heating box is used for carrying out pyrolysis treatment, ceramsite sand with the temperature of 500-600 ℃ is added into soil, and the volume ratio of the plant ash to the ceramsite sand to the soil in the heating box is 1:5:11-1:5: 18; the plant ash is added from a feed inlet II of the preheating box, and the ceramsite sand is added from a feed inlet V of the heating box.
Preferably, the ceramsite sand has a particle size of 0.8mm to 1.7 mm.
Preferably, during the preheating treatment in the second step, when the temperature of the soil is raised to 150 ℃, the soil is subjected to heat preservation treatment for at least 15 minutes and then enters a vibration screening box; when the heating box is used for pyrolysis treatment, the heat preservation treatment is carried out for at least 30 minutes when the soil temperature is raised to at least 500 ℃.
Preferably, the microbial remediation solution is a fermentation broth comprising at least 1 petroleum-degrading bacterium selected and isolated from the plot to be treated.
Preferably, the spraying amount of the microbial treatment liquid is 6-8L/m per square meter of land to be treated3。
Preferably, the elastic guide groove is made of rubber.
Preferably, the aperture of the vibrating screen is 3-8 mm; and the feed opening II is used for discharging material blocks accumulated above the vibrating screen.
Preferably, the paving thickness of the soil treatment mixture is 1-3cm, and the grass seeds are at least one or more than one mixed grass seeds of ryegrass, couch grass or tall fescue;
the soil treatment mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of grass seeds, 5-8 parts of fungus culture medium, 20-30 parts of planting soil without petroleum pollution, 8-10 parts of water, 5-10 parts of garden waste and 3-5 parts of fermented decomposed fertilizer.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the method for layered treatment of the petroleum-polluted soil provided by the invention adopts the heavy metal treatment liquid and the heavy metal treatment composition to carry out layered treatment on the heavy metal in the soil, thereby effectively improving the soil treatment effect.
The deep ploughing can remove gravels with larger grain sizes and loosen the soil, so as to facilitate the subsequent treatment; after the soil is preheated, crushed, screened and pyrolyzed, part of petroleum in the upper soil is removed, and then a microorganism treatment liquid is sprayed in deeper soil to degrade and treat deep soil; compared with a method for directly pyrolyzing and treating all the soil, the method has the advantages that the energy consumption can be reduced, the structure and the physicochemical properties of the soil are kept as far as possible, the microenvironment is gradually expanded through the degradation of the petroleum components by the microorganisms, the proper microenvironment can be further improved for the recovery and growth of plants, the petroleum pollution efficiency of the soil is improved, and the rapid recovery time of the soil vegetation is shortened; digging soil at the digging part, paving the soil on the soil sprayed with the microorganism treatment liquid after pyrolysis treatment, covering a heat-preservation mulching film, and increasing the soil temperature within 0-50cm by using moderate waste heat so as to improve the degradation efficiency of microorganisms; the soil is shoveled into the box body by the shovel bodies and then rotates along with the rotating shaft, when the shovel bodies rotate to the position above the rotating shaft, an inclined plane is formed on the rotating shaft part at the bottom of the shovel bodies due to unequal diameters of the rotating shaft, and then the soil slides into the box body of the conveying part through the discharge holes at one end of the rotating shaft under the action of mechanical vibration force such as gravity, vehicle body advancing and the like, and is conveyed into the preheating box by the conveying belt; the preheating box is used for stirring soil and heating the soil to a temperature lower than 100 ℃, meanwhile, due to the fact that the plurality of heating pieces I and the stirring blades of the stirrer I are arranged in a staggered mode, the soil can be further crushed, after the soil enters the vibration screening box, screening treatment can be conducted more easily, and due to the fact that most of broken stones in the soil are removed in the first step, the vibration screening box mainly has the effect of thinning soil particles, and comprehensive pyrolysis treatment can be conducted conveniently;
in conclusion, the layered treatment method for the petroleum-polluted soil can combine a physical method and a biological method to carry out layered treatment on the petroleum-polluted soil so as to effectively improve the treatment effect.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a layered treatment method for petroleum-contaminated soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the traveling soil treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the excavating part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an end of the support frame and the elastic guide slot according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side perspective schematic view of a portable soil treatment device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1-5, the layered treatment method for the petroleum-polluted soil in the method comprises the following steps:
deeply turning the land to be treated at least twice, wherein the turning depth is 0.5-0.8m, and removing broken stones in the land to be treated;
step two, digging surface soil with the thickness of 10-25cm by adopting a digging part of the travelling soil treatment device, preheating, crushing, screening and pyrolyzing the soil to obtain a pyrolysis mixture, parking the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device once every 5-15m when the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device travels, and spraying a microbial treatment solution once at a high pressure of at least 15cm by adopting a high-pressure spraying part of the travelling soil treatment device to penetrate into the soil at a certain distance in the parking process;
step three, after the pyrolysis mixture in the advancing type soil treatment device is treated, returning along the original advancing path, and flatly paving the pyrolysis mixture on the ground treated by the high-pressure spraying part by adopting a distributor, wherein the paving width and the paving thickness are suitable for the width and the thickness of the surface soil dug in the step two;
step four, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step three is reduced to be less than 70 ℃, spreading the soil treatment mixture on the treated land, harrowing once, and covering by using a heat-preservation mulching film for at least 20 days;
step five, repeating the step two to the step three;
step six, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step five is reduced to be less than 70 ℃, scattering a soil treatment mixture mixed with grass seeds on a land to be treated, raking the land once, and covering the land with a heat-preservation mulching film until the germination rate of the grass seeds reaches 40%;
step seven, deeply plowing the land to be processed for one time, wherein the plowing depth is 0.5-0.8 m;
step eight, repeating the step five to the step seven until the concentration of petroleum in the soil with the depth of the land to be treated within 0-50cm is lower than a restoration target value;
wherein, marching type soil treatment device sets up on automobile body 100, sets up two sets of wheel bodies 10 at least on the automobile body, matches suitable wheel body group number according to marching type soil treatment device's whole weight, and marching type soil treatment device still includes:
the excavating part 20 comprises a rotating shaft 201, the rotating shaft is arranged on the vehicle body in a lifting way through a supporting frame 205, the cross section of the rotating shaft is gradually increased from one end to the other end, and the rotating shaft is arranged in a lifting way through a lifting assembly; the support frame comprises a lifting column 2051 which is arranged on the vehicle body in a lifting way through a hydraulic rod; a branch beam 2052, the upper end of which is fixed to the lifting column, and the lower end of which is branched into a fork shape, and the two front ends of which are disassembled and pivoted on the two ends 2011 of the rotating shaft; the guide port is formed at the front end of any fork shape, is arranged close to the pivot point, and is positioned on a plane nearly vertical to the axial direction of the rotating shaft; an elastic guide groove 2053, one end of which is butted with the guide port at the edge and the other end extends outwards; a plurality of shovel bodies 202 axially and uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft; a plurality of pairs of baffles 203, one of which is correspondingly arranged on the plurality of shovel bodies, and any pair of baffles is respectively arranged at two ends of any shovel body; a plurality of discharge ports 204, one of which is correspondingly arranged on a plurality of baffles close to one end of the rotating shaft in the plurality of pairs of baffles, and part of edges of the discharge ports are formed at the joints of the plurality of baffles and the rotating shaft and the shovel body respectively;
the conveying part 30 comprises a box body 301 which is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the elastic guide groove is arranged right opposite to an upper opening of the box body; the conveying belt 302 is obliquely arranged on the vehicle body, and one end of the conveying belt extends into the box body through the position right below the discharge port; a plurality of rubber grooves 303 are arranged on the conveying surface of the conveying belt; the elastic guide groove is used for guiding soil in the shovel body to smoothly enter the box body;
the preheating box 40 is arranged on the vehicle body, the other end of the conveying belt extends into a feeding hole I of the mixing preheating box, and the mixing preheating box further comprises a feeding hole II; the stirrer I401 is arranged in the mixing preheating box; the heating layer I is arranged on the inner side wall of the mixing preheating box and further comprises a plurality of heating sheets I, the heating sheets I extend from the heating layer I to the inner cavity of the mixing preheating box, and the heating sheets I and the stirring blades of the stirrer I are arranged in a staggered mode;
the vibrating screening box 50 is arranged below the mixing preheating box, and further comprises a vibrating screen 501 which is obliquely arranged in the middle of the vibrating screening box and divides the vibrating screening box into an upper box body and a lower box body; a crushing roller 502 which is arranged in the upper box body and is close to one side of the relatively higher vibrating screen, and the rotating direction of the crushing roller is opposite to the sliding direction of the materials on the vibrating screen; the feeding hole III is arranged at the top of the upper box body and is communicated with the feeding hole I of the mixing preheating box through a pipeline; the discharging port II is arranged on the first side wall of the upper box body, and is formed at one side close to the relatively lower vibrating screen; the feed opening III is arranged at the bottom of the lower box body; the deep ploughing can remove gravels with larger grain sizes and loosen the soil, so as to facilitate the subsequent treatment; after the soil is preheated, crushed, screened and pyrolyzed, part of petroleum in the upper soil is removed, and then a microorganism treatment liquid is sprayed in deeper soil to degrade and treat deep soil; compared with a method for directly pyrolyzing and treating all the soil, the method has the advantages that the energy consumption can be reduced, the structure and the physicochemical properties of the soil are kept as far as possible, the microenvironment is gradually expanded through the degradation of the petroleum components by the microorganisms, the proper microenvironment can be further improved for the recovery and growth of plants, the petroleum pollution efficiency of the soil is improved, and the rapid recovery time of the soil vegetation is shortened; digging soil at the digging part, paving the soil on the soil sprayed with the microorganism treatment liquid after pyrolysis treatment, covering a heat-preservation mulching film, and increasing the soil temperature within 0-50cm by using moderate waste heat so as to improve the degradation efficiency of microorganisms; the soil is shoveled into the box body by the shovel bodies and then rotates along with the rotating shaft, when the shovel bodies rotate to the position above the rotating shaft, an inclined plane is formed on the rotating shaft part at the bottom of the shovel bodies due to unequal diameters of the rotating shaft, and then the soil slides into the box body of the conveying part through the discharge holes at one end of the rotating shaft under the action of mechanical vibration force such as gravity, vehicle body advancing and the like, and is conveyed into the preheating box by the conveying belt; the preheating box is used for stirring soil and heating the soil to a temperature lower than 100 ℃, meanwhile, due to the fact that the plurality of heating pieces I and the stirring blades of the stirrer I are arranged in a staggered mode, the soil can be further crushed, after the soil enters the vibration screening box, screening treatment can be conducted more easily, and due to the fact that most of broken stones in the soil are removed in the first step, the vibration screening box mainly has the effect of thinning soil particles, and comprehensive pyrolysis treatment can be conducted conveniently;
the heating box 60 is arranged below the vibrating screening box and further comprises a feeding hole IV, and the feeding hole IV is communicated with the feeding hole III; a stirrer II 601 provided in the heating tank; the heating layer II is arranged on the inner side wall of the heating box and further comprises a plurality of heating sheets II 602, the heating sheets II extend from the heating layer II to the inner cavity of the heating box, and the heating sheets II and the stirring blades of the stirrer II are arranged in a staggered mode; in the use process, when the bearing capacity of the soil in the heating box reaches the maximum, the vehicle body stops advancing, the soil is pyrolyzed in situ, the pyrolysates are paved on the ground surface of the excavated soil again after the pyrolysates are treated, and then the next area to be treated is treated;
the distributing device 70 is of a fan-shaped cylinder structure, the tail end of the fan-shaped cylinder structure is communicated to the bottom of the heating box, and the fan-shaped front end of the fan-shaped cylinder structure extends towards the rear of the vehicle body; and
a high-pressure spraying part 80 including a liquid tank 801; the perforating and spraying piece 803 is a hollow forked body, the handle of the hollow forked body is arranged on the hydraulic lifting assembly in a lifting way, and the lower end of the hollow forked body is branched into at least two high-pressure spraying branches; a plurality of injection holes uniformly distributed on the at least two high-pressure injection branches; and the high-pressure pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline 802 between the liquid containing tank and the punching injection piece. A plurality of heating plates II of heating cabinet set up with II crisscross each other of agitator, can improve heating efficiency in the stirring, improve the temperature of soil fast, improve pyrolysis efficiency.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the ratio of the cross-sectional diameter of one end of the rotating shaft to the cross-sectional diameter of the other end of the rotating shaft is 1:2 to 1: 3. That is, the rotating shaft is approximately a horizontal cylinder, and one end of the cylinder is larger than the other end of the cylinder, so that the bottom of the shovel body is an inclined bottom surface, and the ratio of the cross-sectional diameter of one end of the rotating shaft to the cross-sectional diameter of the other end of the rotating shaft can be 1:2, 1:3 or 2: 5.
In a preferable scheme, when the preheating box of the travelling soil treatment device is adopted for stirring and preheating treatment in the second step, plant ash is added into the soil; when the heating box is used for carrying out pyrolysis treatment, ceramsite sand with the temperature of 500-600 ℃ is added into soil, and the volume ratio of the plant ash to the ceramsite sand to the soil in the heating box is 1:5:11-1:5: 18; the plant ash is added from a feed inlet II of the preheating box, and the ceramsite sand is added from a feed inlet V of the heating box. The addition of the plant ash can lubricate soil particles, so that the soil is easy to stir, and the waste heat, stirring and crushing efficiency is improved; the addition of the ceramsite sand can quickly heat the soil, and the heating efficiency is improved. The ceramsite sand is preheated and loaded into the insulation can 90 of the ceramic inner container.
In a preferred embodiment, the ceramsite sand has a particle size of 0.8mm to 1.7mm, and may be, for example: the grain diameter of the ceramsite sand is 0.8-1.0mm, 1.0-1.3mm and 1.3-1.7 mm.
In a preferable scheme, during the preheating treatment in the second step, when the temperature of the soil is raised to 150 ℃, the soil is subjected to heat preservation treatment for at least 15 minutes and then enters a vibration screening box; when the heating box is used for pyrolysis treatment, the heat preservation treatment is carried out for at least 30 minutes when the soil temperature is raised to at least 500 ℃.
In a preferred scheme, the aperture of the vibrating screen is 3-8 mm; and the feed opening II is used for discharging material blocks accumulated above the vibrating screen.
In a preferred embodiment, the microbial treatment solution is a fermentation solution containing at least 1 petroleum-degrading bacterium screened and isolated from a land mass to be treated.
In a preferable scheme, the spraying amount of the microbial treatment liquid is 6-8L/m per square meter of land to be treated3。
In a preferred scheme, the support frame comprises a lifting column which is arranged on the vehicle body in a lifting manner through a hydraulic rod; the upper end of the branch beam is fixed to the lifting column, the lower end of the branch beam is branched into a fork shape, and the front end of the fork shape is pivoted on the rotating shaft.
In a preferable scheme, the paving thickness of the soil treatment mixture is 1-3cm, and the grass seeds are at least one or more than one mixed grass seeds of ryegrass, couch grass or tall fescue;
the soil treatment mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of grass seeds, 5-8 parts of fungus culture medium, 20-30 parts of planting soil without petroleum pollution, 8-10 parts of water, 5-10 parts of garden waste and 3-5 parts of fermented decomposed fertilizer.
The method for treating the petroleum-polluted soil by adopting the advancing type soil treatment device comprises the following specific steps:
example 2
Deeply turning the land to be treated twice, wherein the turning depth is 0.5m, and removing broken stones in the land to be treated;
step two, digging surface soil with the thickness of 10cm by adopting a digging part of the travelling soil treatment device, preheating, crushing, screening and pyrolyzing the soil to obtain a pyrolysis mixture, parking the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device once every 15m when the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device travels, and spraying a microbial treatment liquid once at a high pressure of 15cm by adopting a high-pressure spraying part of the travelling soil treatment device to penetrate into the soil at a fixed distance in the parking process;
step three, after the pyrolysis mixture in the advancing type soil treatment device is treated, returning along the original advancing path, and flatly paving the pyrolysis mixture on the ground treated by the high-pressure spraying part by adopting a distributor, wherein the paving width and the paving thickness are suitable for the width and the thickness of the surface soil dug in the step two;
step four, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step three is reduced to 45 ℃, spreading the soil treatment mixture on the treated land, harrowing once, and covering with a heat-preservation mulching film for 20 days;
step five, repeating the step two to the step three;
step six, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step five is reduced to 40 ℃, spreading the soil treatment mixture mixed with grass seeds on the land to be treated, raking the land once, and covering the land with a heat-preservation mulching film until the germination rate of the grass seeds reaches 40%;
step seven, deeply plowing the land to be processed for one time, wherein the plowing depth is 0.5 m;
step eight, repeating the step five to the step seven until the concentration of petroleum in the soil with the depth of the land to be treated within 0-50cm is lower than a restoration target value;
in a preferred embodiment, when the preheating box of the traveling soil treatment device is used for stirring and preheating treatment in the second step, plant ash is added into the soil; when the heating box is used for pyrolysis treatment, ceramsite sand with the temperature of 500 ℃ is added into soil, and the volume ratio of plant ash, ceramsite sand and the soil in the heating box is 1:5: 11;
the grain diameter of the ceramsite sand is 0.8-1.0 mm.
During the preheating treatment in the second step, when the temperature of the soil is raised to 150 ℃, the soil is subjected to heat preservation treatment for 15 minutes and then enters a vibration screening box; when the heating box is used for pyrolysis treatment, the soil is subjected to heat preservation treatment for 30 minutes when the temperature of the soil is increased to 500 ℃.
The microbial treatment liquid is fermentation liquid containing 1 petroleum degrading bacterium screened and separated from the land parcel to be treated.
The spraying amount of the microbial treatment liquid is 6L/m per square meter of land to be treated3。
The paving thickness of the soil treatment mixture is 1cm, and the grass seeds are tall fescue;
the soil treatment mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of grass seeds, 5 parts of fungus culture medium, 20 parts of planting soil without petroleum pollution, 8 parts of water, 5 parts of garden waste and 3 parts of fermented decomposed fertilizer.
Example 3
Deeply turning the land to be treated for three times, wherein the turning depth is 0.6m, and removing broken stones in the land to be treated;
step two, digging surface soil with the thickness of 17cm by adopting a digging part of the travelling soil treatment device, preheating, crushing, screening and pyrolyzing the soil to obtain a pyrolysis mixture, parking the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device once every 10m travelling during pyrolysis treatment, and spraying a microbial treatment liquid once at a high pressure of 20cm by adopting a high-pressure spraying part of the travelling soil treatment device to penetrate into the soil at a fixed distance in the parking process;
step three, after the pyrolysis mixture in the advancing type soil treatment device is treated, returning along the original advancing path, and flatly paving the pyrolysis mixture on the ground treated by the high-pressure spraying part by adopting a distributor, wherein the paving width and the paving thickness are suitable for the width and the thickness of the surface soil dug in the step two;
step four, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step three is reduced to 50 ℃, spreading the soil treatment mixture on the treated land, harrowing once, and covering with a heat-preservation mulching film for 25 days;
step five, repeating the step two to the step three;
step six, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step five is reduced to 50 ℃, scattering a soil treatment mixture mixed with grass seeds on a land to be treated, raking the land once, and covering the land with a heat-preservation mulching film until the germination rate of the grass seeds reaches 40%;
seventhly, deeply ploughing the land to be processed for one time, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.6 m;
step eight, repeating the step five to the step seven until the concentration of petroleum in the soil with the depth of the land to be treated within 0-50cm is lower than a restoration target value;
in a preferred embodiment, when the preheating box of the traveling soil treatment device is used for stirring and preheating treatment in the second step, plant ash is added into the soil; when the heating box is used for pyrolysis treatment, ceramsite sand with the temperature of 550 ℃ is added into soil, and the volume ratio of plant ash, ceramsite sand and the soil in the heating box is 1:5: 14;
the grain diameter of the ceramsite sand is 1.0-1.3 mm.
During the preheating treatment in the second step, when the temperature of the soil is increased by 160 ℃, the soil is subjected to heat preservation treatment for 25 minutes and then enters a vibration screening box; when the heating box is used for pyrolysis treatment, the temperature is kept for 35 minutes when the soil temperature is raised to 550 ℃.
The microbial treatment liquid is fermentation liquid containing 2 petroleum degrading bacteria screened and separated from the land parcel to be treated.
The spraying amount of the microbial treatment liquid is 7L/m per square meter of land to be treated3。
The paving thickness of the soil treatment mixture is 2cm, and the grass seeds are 1: 1, mixing grass seeds;
the soil treatment mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of grass seeds, 6 parts of fungus culture medium, 25 parts of planting soil without petroleum pollution, 8 parts of water, 7 parts of garden waste and 4 parts of fermented decomposed fertilizer.
Example 4
Deeply turning the land to be treated for three times, wherein the turning depth is 0.8m, and removing broken stones in the land to be treated;
step two, digging surface soil with the thickness of 25cm by adopting a digging part of the travelling soil treatment device, preheating, crushing, screening and pyrolyzing the soil to obtain a pyrolysis mixture, parking the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device once every 5m travelling during pyrolysis treatment, and spraying a microbial treatment liquid once at a high pressure of 30cm by adopting a high-pressure spraying part of the travelling soil treatment device to penetrate into the soil at a fixed distance in the parking process;
step three, after the pyrolysis mixture in the advancing type soil treatment device is treated, returning along the original advancing path, and flatly paving the pyrolysis mixture on the ground treated by the high-pressure spraying part by adopting a distributor, wherein the paving width and the paving thickness are suitable for the width and the thickness of the surface soil dug in the step two;
step four, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step three is reduced to 65 ℃, spreading the soil treatment mixture on the treated land, harrowing once, and covering with a heat-preservation mulching film for 30 days;
step five, repeating the step two to the step three;
step six, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step five is reduced to 60 ℃, spreading the soil treatment mixture mixed with grass seeds on the land to be treated, raking the land once, and covering the land with a heat-preservation mulching film until the germination rate of the grass seeds reaches 40%;
step seven, deeply plowing the land to be processed for one time, wherein the plowing depth is 0.8 m;
step eight, repeating the step five to the step seven until the concentration of petroleum in the soil with the depth of the land to be treated within 0-50cm is lower than a restoration target value;
in a preferred embodiment, when the preheating box of the traveling soil treatment device is used for stirring and preheating treatment in the second step, plant ash is added into the soil; when the heating box is used for carrying out pyrolysis treatment, ceramsite sand with the temperature of 580-;
the grain diameter of the ceramsite sand is 1.3-1.7 mm.
During the preheating treatment in the second step, when the temperature of the soil is raised to 150 ℃, the soil is subjected to heat preservation treatment for 30 minutes and then enters a vibration screening box; when the heating box is used for pyrolysis treatment, the heat preservation treatment is carried out for 50 minutes when the soil temperature is raised to 600 ℃.
The microbial treatment liquid is fermentation liquid containing 1 petroleum degrading bacterium screened and separated from the land parcel to be treated.
The spraying amount of the microbial treatment liquid is 8L/m per square meter of land to be treated3。
The paving thickness of the soil treatment mixture is 3cm, and the grass seeds are ryegrass;
the soil treatment mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of grass seeds, 8 parts of fungus culture medium, 30 parts of planting soil without petroleum pollution, 10 parts of water, 10 parts of garden waste and 5 parts of fermented decomposed fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
After the soil was turned over, the same amount of the microbial treatment liquid as in example 2 was directly sprayed under high pressure into the same depth of the plot to be treated, and then the same amount of the soil treatment mixture was laid on the ground, and the treatment time of comparative example 1 was the same as that of example 2.
Comparative example 2
After the soil was turned over, the same amount of the microbial treatment liquid as in example 3 was directly sprayed under high pressure into the same depth of the plot to be treated, and then the same amount of the soil treatment mixture was spread on the ground surface, and the treatment time of comparative example 1 was the same as that of example 3.
Comparative example 3
After the soil was turned over, the same amount of the microbial treatment liquid as in example 4 was directly sprayed under high pressure into the same depth of the plot to be treated, and then the same amount of the soil treatment mixture was spread on the ground surface, and the treatment time of comparative example 1 was the same as that of example 2.
The soil after remediation of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 was tested for total petroleum hydrocarbon removal using the USA EPA Method 3550 Method and the results are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1: after different treatments, the total petroleum hydrocarbon removal rate of the petroleum-contaminated soil in the embodiments 2 to 4 is more than 96%, the effect of the embodiment 4 is more obvious, and the effect is far better than that of other groups.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The layered treatment method for the petroleum-polluted soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
deeply turning the land to be treated at least twice, wherein the turning depth is 0.5-0.8m, and removing broken stones in the land to be treated;
step two, digging surface soil with the thickness of 10-25cm by adopting a digging part of the travelling soil treatment device, preheating, crushing, screening and pyrolyzing the soil to obtain a pyrolysis mixture, parking the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device once every 5-15m when the travelling soil pyrolysis treatment device travels, and spraying a microbial treatment solution once at a high pressure of at least 15cm by adopting a high-pressure spraying part of the travelling soil treatment device to penetrate into the soil at a certain distance in the parking process;
step three, after the pyrolysis mixture in the advancing type soil treatment device is treated, returning along the original advancing path, and flatly paving the pyrolysis mixture on the ground treated by the high-pressure spraying part by adopting a distributor, wherein the paving width and the paving thickness are suitable for the width and the thickness of the surface soil dug in the step two;
step four, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step three is reduced to be less than 70 ℃, spreading the soil treatment mixture on the treated land, harrowing once, and covering by using a heat-preservation mulching film for at least 20 days;
step five, repeating the step two to the step three;
step six, when the surface temperature of the pyrolysis mixture in the step five is reduced to be less than 70 ℃, scattering a soil treatment mixture mixed with grass seeds on a land to be treated, raking the land once, and covering the land with a heat-preservation mulching film until the germination rate of the grass seeds reaches 40%;
step seven, deeply plowing the land to be processed for one time, wherein the plowing depth is 0.5-0.8 m;
step eight, repeating the step five to the step seven until the concentration of petroleum in the soil with the depth of the land to be treated within 0-50cm is lower than a restoration target value;
wherein, marching type soil treatment device sets up on the automobile body, and marching type soil treatment device still includes:
the excavating part comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged on the vehicle body in a lifting manner through a supporting frame, the cross section of the rotating shaft is gradually increased from one end to the other end, and the rotating shaft is arranged in a lifting manner through a lifting assembly; the support frame comprises a lifting column which is arranged on the vehicle body in a lifting way through a hydraulic rod; the upper end of the branch beam is fixed to the lifting column, the lower end of the branch beam is branched into a fork shape, and the two front ends of the fork shape are disassembled and pivoted on the two ends of the rotating shaft; the guide port is formed at the front end of any fork shape, is arranged close to the pivot point, and is positioned on a plane nearly vertical to the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the edge of one end of the elastic guide groove is in adaptive butt joint with the guide port, and the other end of the elastic guide groove extends outwards; the shovel bodies are axially and uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft; one of the baffles is correspondingly arranged on the shovel bodies, and any one baffle is respectively arranged at two ends of any shovel body; one of the discharge ports is correspondingly arranged on the plurality of baffles close to one end of the rotating shaft in the plurality of pairs of baffles, and part of the edge of the discharge port is formed at the joint of the plurality of baffles and the rotating shaft and the shovel body respectively;
the conveying part comprises a box body, the box body is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the elastic guide groove is over against the upper opening of the box body; the conveying belt is obliquely arranged on the vehicle body, and one end of the conveying belt extends into the box body through the position right below the discharge port; a plurality of rubber grooves are arranged on the conveying surface of the conveying belt; the arc-shaped baffle is obliquely arranged on the inner side wall of the box body;
the preheating box is arranged on the vehicle body, the other end of the conveying belt extends into a feeding hole I of the mixing preheating box, and the mixing preheating box further comprises a feeding hole II; the stirrer I is arranged in the mixing preheating box; the heating layer I is arranged on the inner side wall of the mixing preheating box and further comprises a plurality of heating sheets I, the heating sheets I extend from the heating layer I to the inner cavity of the mixing preheating box, and the heating sheets I and the stirring blades of the stirrer I are arranged in a staggered mode;
the vibrating screening box is arranged below the mixing preheating box and also comprises a vibrating screen which is obliquely arranged in the middle of the vibrating screening box and divides the vibrating screening box into an upper box body and a lower box body; the crushing roller is arranged in the upper box body and is close to one side of the relatively higher vibrating screen, and the rotating direction of the crushing roller is opposite to the sliding direction of the materials on the vibrating screen; the feeding hole III is arranged at the top of the upper box body and is communicated with the feeding hole I of the mixing preheating box through a pipeline; the discharging port II is arranged on the first side wall of the upper box body, and is formed at one side close to the relatively lower vibrating screen; the feed opening III is arranged at the bottom of the lower box body;
the heating box is arranged below the vibrating screening box and further comprises a feeding hole IV, and the feeding hole IV is communicated with the feeding hole III; the stirrer II is arranged in the heating box; the heating layer II is arranged on the inner side wall of the heating box and also comprises a plurality of heating sheets II, the heating sheets II extend from the heating layer II to the inner cavity of the heating box, and the heating sheets II and the stirring blades of the stirrer II are arranged in a staggered mode;
the distributor is of a fan-shaped cylinder structure, the tail end of the fan-shaped cylinder structure is communicated to the bottom of the heating box, and the fan-shaped front end of the fan-shaped cylinder structure extends towards the rear of the vehicle body; and
the high-pressure spraying part comprises a liquid containing tank; the punching jet part is a hollow forked body, the handle of the hollow forked body is arranged on the hydraulic lifting assembly in a lifting way, and the lower end of the hollow forked body is branched into at least two high-pressure jet branches; a plurality of injection holes uniformly distributed on the at least two high-pressure injection branches; and the high-pressure pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the liquid containing tank and the perforating injection piece.
2. The layered treatment method for petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the cross section of one end of the rotating shaft to the diameter of the cross section of the other end of the rotating shaft is 1:2 to 1: 3.
3. The layered treatment method for petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, plant ash is added to the soil when the preheating tank of the traveling soil treatment device is used for agitation preheating treatment; when the heating box is used for carrying out pyrolysis treatment, ceramsite sand with the temperature of 500-600 ℃ is added into soil, and the volume ratio of the plant ash to the ceramsite sand to the soil in the heating box is 1:5:11-1:5: 18; the plant ash is added from a feed inlet II of the preheating box, and the ceramsite sand is added from a feed inlet V of the heating box.
4. The layered treatment method for petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 3, wherein the ceramsite sand has a particle size of 0.8mm to 1.7 mm.
5. The layered treatment method for the petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 3, wherein in the second step, during the preheating treatment, when the temperature of the soil is raised to 150 ℃, the soil is subjected to heat preservation treatment for at least 15 minutes and then enters a vibration screening box; when the heating box is used for pyrolysis treatment, the heat preservation treatment is carried out for at least 30 minutes when the soil temperature is raised to at least 500 ℃.
6. The method for layered remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial remediation fluid is a fermentation broth comprising at least 1 petroleum-degrading bacterium screened and isolated from the land mass to be treated.
7. The layered treatment method of petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the spraying amount of said microbial treatment liquid is 6 to 8L/m per square meter of land to be treated3。
8. The layered treatment method for the petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the elastic guide groove is made of rubber.
9. The layered treatment method of the petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of the vibrating screen is 3-8 mm; and the feed opening II is used for discharging material blocks accumulated above the vibrating screen.
10. The layered treatment method for the petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the soil treatment mixture is laid to a thickness of 1 to 3cm, and the grass seeds are at least one or more than one mixed grass seeds of ryegrass, couch grass or festuca arundinacea;
the soil treatment mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of grass seeds, 5-8 parts of fungus culture medium, 20-30 parts of planting soil without petroleum pollution, 8-10 parts of water, 5-10 parts of garden waste and 3-5 parts of fermented decomposed fertilizer.
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| CN105710123A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-29 | 周益辉 | Method for remediation of volatile organic compound and mercury compound contaminated soil |
| CN107214189A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-29 | 河北煜环环保科技有限公司 | A kind of organic material contaminated soil renovation technique |
| CN206549548U (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-10-13 | 广东东方面粉有限公司 | A kind of feed addictive mixing arrangement |
| CN109047306A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南省园林建设有限公司 | A kind of plant restoration method of heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN110665953A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-10 | 河南理工大学 | Heavy metal contaminated soil is with normal position mixed prosthetic devices that digs |
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- 2020-04-29 CN CN202010346479.XA patent/CN111495954A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105710123A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-29 | 周益辉 | Method for remediation of volatile organic compound and mercury compound contaminated soil |
| CN206549548U (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-10-13 | 广东东方面粉有限公司 | A kind of feed addictive mixing arrangement |
| CN107214189A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-29 | 河北煜环环保科技有限公司 | A kind of organic material contaminated soil renovation technique |
| CN110665953A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-10 | 河南理工大学 | Heavy metal contaminated soil is with normal position mixed prosthetic devices that digs |
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