CN114833188A - Method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil - Google Patents
Method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114833188A CN114833188A CN202110139487.1A CN202110139487A CN114833188A CN 114833188 A CN114833188 A CN 114833188A CN 202110139487 A CN202110139487 A CN 202110139487A CN 114833188 A CN114833188 A CN 114833188A
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil, and belongs to the field of petrochemical industry. The method comprises the following steps: separating indigenous bacteria with degradation activity from the petroleum-polluted soil, and mixing the indigenous bacteria with a carrier to obtain a degradation bacteria embedding material; uniformly mixing the degrading bacteria embedding material, the petroleum polluted soil, the nutrient and the biosurfactant to form a soil pile to be treated; laying uncontaminated soil on the top of the soil pile to be treated, and planting plants in the uncontaminated soil; inserting a vent pipe into the lower part of the soil pile to be treated, and introducing oxygen into the soil pile to be treated by using the vent pipe; so that the indigenous bacteria can proliferate in the soil pile to be treated and the petroleum-polluted soil can be repaired. The method can carry out in-situ bioremediation on the petroleum-polluted soil, and obtains strong remediation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a method for repairing petroleum-polluted soil.
Background
Soil pollution is easily caused in the petroleum exploitation process, once petroleum substances enter the soil, the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be changed, so that the activity of the soil is reduced, even the activity is lost, and the cultivation of the soil is influenced; on the other hand, the downward leakage of oil in the soil can pollute the underground water or the surface water body carried by the rainwater, thereby causing serious problems of safety and environmental protection. The current treatment mode aiming at the petroleum polluted soil comprises the following steps: physical treatment, chemical treatment, microbial remediation, and the like. Microbial remediation has the advantages of simple process, low cost, good environmental protection and the like, and is widely used for soil remediation.
The related technology provides a treatment method for remedying heavy metal soil by microorganisms, which comprises the following steps: (1) soil pretreatment: ploughing the surface soil 25-30 cm deep from the ground surface of the heavy metal contaminated soil, arranging a wall around the heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the height of the wall is 30-40cm higher than that of the soil, further connecting a water pipeline on the wall, and adopting big water to overflowSupplying water to the soil through a water pipeline in a irrigation mode, stopping supplying water when the water is completely soaked in the soil and is higher than the soil by more than 10cm, waiting for 2-3 days, drying the water on the upper part of the soil, and airing the soil to a wet state to obtain pretreated surface soil; (2) soil nutrition treatment: after organic fertilizer is applied to the soil, earthworms are introduced, watering is carried out every day, the water content of the soil is kept at 15-25%, and the watering lasts for 1-2 months; (3) planting plants: sowing marigold seeds on an open field seedbed in the last ten days of 3 months to the last ten days of 4 months, germinating 1 week after sowing, and transplanting the marigold seeds into soil after the seedlings grow to 5cm high; (4) and (3) microbial inoculation: spraying the solution with concentration of (4.0-8.0) x 10 onto the root of marigold seedling while transplanting the marigold seedling into soil 7 The mixed bacteria liquid of CFU/mL is used for infecting the root of the plant to form a mycorrhizal plant; then watering once a week; growing for 90-100 days to remove heavy metals in heavy metal contaminated soil
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:
the treatment method for remedying the heavy metal soil by the microorganisms provided by the related technology has poor remediation effect on the soil polluted by the petroleum.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil, which can solve the above technical problems.
Specifically, the method comprises the following technical scheme:
a method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil, comprising:
separating indigenous bacteria with degradation activity from petroleum-contaminated soil, and mixing the indigenous bacteria with a carrier to obtain a degradation bacteria embedding material;
uniformly mixing the degrading bacteria embedding material, the petroleum-polluted soil, a nutrient and a biosurfactant to form a soil pile to be treated;
laying uncontaminated soil on top of the pile of soil to be treated and planting plants in the uncontaminated soil;
inserting a breather pipe into the lower part of the soil pile to be treated, and introducing oxygen into the soil pile to be treated by using the breather pipe;
and (3) proliferating the indigenous bacteria in the soil pile to be treated, and repairing the petroleum-polluted soil.
In some possible implementations, an impermeable membrane is provided at the bottom of the pile of soil to be treated.
In some possible implementations, the indigenous bacteria are selected from at least one of pseudomonas, rhodococcus, streptomyces, burkholderia, staphylococcus, sphingomonas, xanthobacter, aeromonas rhizobium, corynebacterium.
In some possible implementations, the biosurfactant is a sophorolipid or a rhamnolipid.
In some possible implementations, the carrier is selected from at least one of alginate, agarose, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylamide, polyethylene glycol.
In some possible realization modes, the embedded indigenous bacteria have the abundance of 10 in each degrading bacteria embedding material with the particle size of 2mm-3mm 8 CFU-10 9 CFU；
The abundance of said indigenous bacteria per 1g of petroleum-contaminated soil was 10 5 CFU-10 8 CFU。
In some possible implementations, every 1m 3 The adding amount of the nutrient in the petroleum-polluted soil is 3g-20 g.
In some possible implementations, every 1m 3 The adding amount of the biosurfactant in the petroleum-polluted soil is 3g-20 g.
In some possible implementations, the uncontaminated soil is laid to a thickness of 3cm to 7 cm.
In some possible implementations, the plant is alfalfa, ryegrass, and poa pratensis, and the ratio of the number of alfalfa, ryegrass, and poa pratensis is 25-30:25-30: 35-45.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
according to the method for restoring the petroleum-polluted soil, provided by the embodiment of the invention, based on the synergistic effect of the biosurfactant, the nutritional agent and the plant rhizosphere secretion, the biosurfactant, the nutritional agent and the plant rhizosphere secretion can jointly improve the activity and the multiplication capacity of indigenous bacteria, and the petroleum-polluted soil is degraded by using the multiplied bacteria, so that the restoration purpose is achieved. The indigenous bacteria are separated from the petroleum-polluted soil, so that the indigenous bacteria have strong applicability and high degradation efficiency, and are beneficial to in-situ bioremediation of the petroleum-polluted soil. Meanwhile, soil which is not polluted is paved on the top of the soil pile to be treated, and plants are planted in the soil which is not polluted, so that the petroleum substances are favorably absorbed and transferred, and the remediation effect on the petroleum-polluted soil is further enhanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a petroleum-contaminated soil remediation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals denote:
1-a bottom layer, wherein the bottom layer comprises a first layer,
2-an intermediate layer, which is,
3-the top layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (3) separating the indigenous bacteria with the degradation activity from the petroleum-polluted soil, and mixing the indigenous bacteria with the carrier to obtain the degradation bacteria embedding material.
Step 2: the degradation bacteria embedding material, the petroleum polluted soil, the nutrient and the biosurfactant are evenly mixed to form a soil pile to be treated.
And step 3: the top of the pile of soil to be treated is laid with uncontaminated soil and plants are planted in the uncontaminated soil.
And 4, step 4: a breather pipe is inserted into the lower part of the soil pile to be treated, and oxygen is introduced into the soil pile to be treated by utilizing the breather pipe.
And 5: so that the indigenous bacteria can proliferate in the soil pile to be treated and the petroleum-polluted soil can be repaired.
According to the method for restoring the petroleum-polluted soil, provided by the embodiment of the invention, based on the synergistic effect of the biosurfactant, the nutritional agent and the plant rhizosphere secretion, the biosurfactant, the nutritional agent and the plant rhizosphere secretion can jointly improve the activity and the multiplication capacity of indigenous bacteria, and the petroleum-polluted soil is degraded by using the multiplied bacteria, so that the restoration purpose is achieved. The indigenous bacteria are separated from the petroleum-polluted soil, so that the indigenous bacteria have strong applicability and high degradation efficiency, and are beneficial to in-situ bioremediation of the petroleum-polluted soil. Meanwhile, soil which is not polluted is paved on the top of the soil pile to be treated, and plants are planted in the soil which is not polluted, so that the petroleum substances are favorably absorbed and transferred, and the remediation effect on the petroleum-polluted soil is further enhanced.
The steps and the effects thereof involved in the method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil provided by the embodiment of the invention are respectively explained as follows:
for step 1, indigenous bacteria having a degrading activity are separated from the petroleum-contaminated soil, and the indigenous bacteria are mixed with a carrier to obtain a degrading bacteria-embedded material.
Among them, the separation of indigenous bacteria having a degrading activity from petroleum-contaminated soil belongs to a separation process commonly used in the art, and for example, the separation of indigenous bacteria can be performed by the following method:
culturing 10g of oil-contaminated soil in 100ml of inorganic salt culture medium containing 100mg/L of oil stain concentration, sampling every day, coating a dirty plate, and separating strains; and then adding the strain into an inorganic salt culture medium with higher oil stain concentration for culture, separating the strain, and repeating the steps until indigenous bacteria with better degradation activity are screened out.
Inoculating the finally screened indigenous bacteria into an enrichment medium, placing the enrichment medium in a shaking table at 37 ℃ and 100-150 r/min for culturing to a logarithmic phase, and centrifugally collecting thalli to obtain the indigenous bacteria.
Wherein, the inorganic salt culture medium comprises: k 2 HPO 4 1g，KH 2 PO 4 1g，NaCl 0.5g，NH 4 (SO 4 ) 2 0.5g，MgSO 4 0.2g，KNO 3 0.2g，CaCl 2 0.02g，FeCl 3 Trace, 0.1ml of microbial mother liquor, 8.46-84.6 g of oil stain, 1000ml of distilled water and pH 7.5.
The enrichment medium comprises: 10g/L of peptone, 5g/L of beef extract, 5g/L of sodium chloride, 42.3g/L of oil stain, 1000ml/L of distilled water and pH 7.5.
In the examples of the present invention, the indigenous bacteria isolated from the petroleum-contaminated soil are at least one selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Burkholderia, Staphylococcus, Sphingomonas, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas rhizobium, and Corynebacterium. The above mentioned kinds of indigenous bacteria can all realize good degradation and repair effects on petroleum-contaminated soil.
After the indigenous bacteria are obtained, the indigenous bacteria are mixed with a carrier to obtain a degradation bacteria embedding material, and the carrier is used for loading the indigenous bacteria, so that the degradation activity of the indigenous bacteria can be maintained.
In some possible implementations, the carrier is selected from at least one of alginate (e.g., sodium alginate), agarose, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylamide, polyethylene glycol.
Illustratively, the degrading bacteria embedding material is prepared by the following method:
the carrier is put into a crusher to be crushed to 300-400 meshes, mixed with water according to the volume ratio of 1:4, and ball-milled and mixed for 3-5 hours at the speed of 1800r/min-2200r/min to obtain the coating emulsion.
Solid indigenous bacteria are added into a granulator to be used as core-spun, the coating emulsion is liquefied and sprayed on the surface of the core-spun, and the spraying is carried out for multiple times, and a coating with the thickness of 0.02mm-0.25mm is formed by each spraying.
After each spraying, freezing for 10-13 minutes at the vacuum degree of 6-8kpa and the temperature of-20 to-22 ℃, and then carrying out next spraying for 8-12 times to obtain the microspherical degrading bacteria embedding material.
The carrier is used as an outer layer coating material of indigenous bacteria, so that on one hand, growth nutrients can be provided for the bacteria in the coating, on the other hand, petroleum pollutants can be eluted from soil particles, the degradation of the bacteria is facilitated, and compared with the method of directly putting the bacteria into soil for degradation, the degradation bacteria embedding material can obtain higher degradation rate.
In the embodiment of the invention, the obtained degradation bacterium embedding material is in a microspherical structure, and the particle size of the degradation bacterium embedding material can be 2-3 mm. The embedded indigenous bacteria have an abundance of 10 in each degrading bacteria embedded material with a particle size of 2-3 mm 8 CFU-10 9 CFU。
For the load of the indigenous bacteria in the degrading bacteria embedded material, in the embodiment of the invention, the abundance of the embedded indigenous bacteria in each degrading bacteria embedded material with the particle size of 2mm-3mm is 10 8 CFU-10 9 CFU。
In application, the abundance of indigenous bacteria per 1g of petroleum-contaminated soil is 10 5 CFU-10 8 And in the addition amount range, the indigenous bacteria can fully and thoroughly degrade the petroleum-polluted soil so as to obtain a good degradation effect.
And 2, uniformly mixing the degrading bacteria embedding material, the petroleum polluted soil, the nutrient and the biosurfactant to form a soil pile to be treated.
Fully mixing the degrading bacteria embedding material, the petroleum polluted soil, the nutrient and the biosurfactant, and then performing tiling and stacking operation to form a soil pile to be treated. Illustratively, the structure of the soil heap to be treated may be a conical soil heap or a cylindrical soil heap, or the like.
The embodiment of the invention uses the biosurfactant, which plays an important role in controlling the order of the cell interface of bacteria and is beneficial to the mass multiplication of indigenous bacteria in the soil pile to be treated.
In some possible implementations, a glycolipid biosurfactant is selected which incorporates a carbohydrate of a long chain fatty acid and a hydroxy fatty acid. For example, the biosurfactant is a sophorolipid or a rhamnolipid.
Among them, sophorolipids are mainly produced by yeasts such as torulopsis and petrobacteroides, and sophorolipids are composed of dimeric sophorose linked to long-chain hydroxy fatty acids. Rhamnolipids consist of a rhamnose linked to one or two molecules of hydroxydecanoic acid.
In the examples of the present invention, the total length of the particles is 1m 3 The biosurfactant is added to the petroleum-contaminated soil in an amount of 3g to 20g, for example, 3g, 4g, 5g, 6g, 7g, 8g, 9g, 10g, 15g, 20g, etc., to obtain a more excellent effect of promoting soil remediation.
The nutrient is used for providing nutrient substances for the proliferation and activity maintenance of indigenous bacteria, and can be a mixture of a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer aiming at the petroleum-polluted soil to be treated, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is 25:2-5, for example, 25:2, 25:3, 25:4, 25:5 and the like.
In the method for repairing the petroleum-contaminated soil according to the embodiment of the present invention, the soil is repaired every 1m 3 The amount of the nutrient added in the petroleum-contaminated soil is 3g to 20g, and within the range, the indigenous bacteria can obtain better proliferation effect and maintain high degradation activity.
For example, every 1m 3 The amount of the nutrient to be added to the petroleum-contaminated soil of (1) is 3g to 20g, for example, 3g, 4g, 5g, 6g, 7g, 8g, 9g, 10g, 15g, 20g, etc.
For step 3, non-contaminated soil is laid on top of the pile of soil to be treated and plants are grown in the non-contaminated soil.
By planting plants on the top of the soil pile to be treated and utilizing plant rhizosphere, the petroleum substances are favorably absorbed and transferred, and the remediation effect on the petroleum-polluted soil is further enhanced.
In some possible implementations, the soil not contaminated, i.e. the normal soil suitable for the growth of plants, is laid on top of the pile of soil to be treated, the thickness of the soil not contaminated laid on top of the pile of soil to be treated being between 3cm and 7cm, for example 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7 cm.
Within this thickness range, the plant can obtain suitable living environment, simultaneously, can also ensure that the root system of plant can stretch into to wait to handle soil and pile the interior absorption or transfer petroleum class material.
In some possible implementations, the plants used in embodiments of the invention are alfalfa, ryegrass, and poa pratensis, and the ratio of the number of alfalfa, ryegrass, and poa pratensis is 25-30:25-30: 35-45.
For example, the ratio of the number of alfalfa plants includes, but is not limited to: 25. 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, etc.
The planting number ratio of ryegrass includes but is not limited to: 25. 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, etc.
The planting number ratio of the meadow bluegrass includes but is not limited to: 35. 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, etc.
The embodiment of the invention selects alfalfa, ryegrass and bluegrass as planting plants, the roots of the plants are developed, the plants have strong viability, and the plants of the types also have strong absorption, transfer and enrichment capacities on petroleum pollutants.
In step 4, a vent pipe is inserted into the lower part of the soil pile to be treated, and oxygen is introduced into the soil pile to be treated by utilizing the vent pipe.
In some possible implementations, the aeration pipe supplies air to the soil to be treated for the purpose of providing oxygen (1 m) 3 Air contains 21% oxygen by volume). Ventilating for 1 time every 3-4 days, each time is not less than 2 hr, and the ventilation amount is controlled at 1m 3 The air inlet amount of the petroleum-polluted soil is 0.5m 3 H is used as the reference value. (conversion to oxygen)Gas, namely: 0.105m 3 /h)。
A plurality of vent holes are uniformly distributed on each vent pipe so as to realize full ventilation operation in the soil pile to be treated.
In some possible implementations, a plurality of aeration pipes are inserted in the lower part of the pile of soil to be treated, for example, in a uniformly spaced distribution in the same plane. Wherein, the distance between the aeration pipe at the bottommost layer and the bottom of the soil pile to be treated is 2cm-5 cm.
Further, a plurality of breather pipes can also be along vertical direction evenly interval distribution, so set up, can further improve the ventilation effect.
In some possible implementation modes, the impermeable membrane is arranged at the bottom of the soil pile to be treated, so that the substances such as nutrients can be prevented from being lost to the deep soil, and the soil remediation effect is ensured. By way of example, such barrier films include, but are not limited to: polyethylene films, polyvinyl chloride films, polypropylene films, and the like.
Based on the use of the impermeable membrane, the method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil provided by the embodiment of the present invention substantially employs a three-layer remediation system, as shown in fig. 1, the three-layer remediation system includes: bottom 1, intermediate level 2 and top layer 3, wherein, bottom 1 is the prevention of seepage membrane, and intermediate level 2 is the pending soil heap that has the breather pipe, and top layer 3 is the plant of planting in not being polluted by oil.
Therefore, based on the idea of synergistic effect, the embodiment of the invention establishes a system and a method for strengthening and repairing the soil polluted by petroleum by improving the activity of soil indigenous microorganisms through the biosurfactant, the nutrient containing nitrogen and phosphorus and the plant rhizosphere secretion, utilizing the absorption and transfer capacity of developed root systems of different types and proportions to petroleum substances and under the synergistic action of bacterial microorganisms, plants, the biosurfactant and the nutrient, and is suitable for strong bioremediation of the soil polluted by petroleum or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
The method for restoring the petroleum-polluted soil provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively restore the petroleum-polluted soil, is convenient to implement on site, has low cost and quick response, has good environmental protection property, does not generate secondary pollution, and is convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
The invention will be further described by the following specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment 1 provides a method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: separating indigenous bacteria with degradation activity from petroleum-contaminated soil, and mixing the indigenous bacteria with sodium alginate as carrier to obtain degradation bacteria embedding material with particle size of 2-3 mm, wherein the abundance of the embedded indigenous bacteria in each carrier with particle size of 2mm is 10 8 CFU-10 9 CFU range.
Wherein, the indigenous bacteria are: at least one of Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Burkholderia, Staphylococcus, Sphingomonas, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas Rhizobium, and Corynebacterium.
Step 2: the degradation bacteria embedding material, the petroleum polluted soil, the nutrient and the biosurfactant are evenly mixed to form a soil pile to be treated.
The biosurfactant is sophorolipid, and is 1m per unit 3 The amount of biosurfactant added to the petroleum-contaminated soil was 5 g.
The nutrient is a mixture of a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is 25:3, and the nitrogen fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is 1m 3 The amount of the nutrient added to the petroleum-contaminated soil was 5 g.
And step 3: laying a polyethylene film as an impermeable film on the top of the soil pile to be treated, laying uncontaminated soil with the thickness of 3cm-7cm on the top of the soil pile to be treated, and planting plants in the uncontaminated soil.
Wherein the plants are alfalfa, ryegrass and meadow bluegrass, and the number ratio of the alfalfa, the ryegrass and the meadow bluegrass is 30:30: 45.
And 4, step 4: a vent pipe is inserted into the lower part of the soil pile to be treated, and oxygen is introduced into the soil pile to be treated by utilizing the vent pipe.
And 5: so that the indigenous bacteria can proliferate in the soil pile to be treated and the petroleum-polluted soil can be repaired.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 provides a method for repairing petroleum-contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: separating indigenous bacteria with degradation activity from petroleum-contaminated soil, and mixing the indigenous bacteria with sodium alginate as carrier to obtain degradation bacteria embedding material with particle size of 2-3 mm, wherein the abundance of the embedded indigenous bacteria in each carrier with particle size of 2mm is 10 8 CFU-10 9 CFU range.
Wherein, the indigenous bacteria are: at least one of Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Burkholderia, Staphylococcus, Sphingomonas, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas Rhizobium, and Corynebacterium.
Step 2: the degradation bacteria embedding material, the petroleum polluted soil, the nutrient and the biosurfactant are evenly mixed to form a soil pile to be treated.
The biosurfactant is sophorolipid, and is 1m per unit 3 The amount of biosurfactant added to the petroleum-contaminated soil was 8 g.
The nutrient is a mixture of a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is 25:4, and the nitrogen fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is 1m 3 The amount of the nutrient added to the petroleum-contaminated soil was 7 g.
And step 3: a polyethylene film as an impermeable film was laid on top of the soil pile to be treated, uncontaminated soil having a thickness of 5cm was laid on top of the soil pile to be treated, and plants were planted in the uncontaminated soil.
Wherein the plants are alfalfa, ryegrass and meadow bluegrass, and the number ratio of the alfalfa, the ryegrass and the meadow bluegrass is 30:30: 40.
And 4, step 4: a vent pipe is inserted into the lower part of the soil pile to be treated, and oxygen is introduced into the soil pile to be treated by utilizing the vent pipe.
And 5: so that the indigenous bacteria can proliferate in the soil pile to be treated and the petroleum-polluted soil can be repaired.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 provides a method for repairing petroleum-contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: separating indigenous bacteria with degradation activity from petroleum-contaminated soil, and mixing the indigenous bacteria with sodium alginate as carrier to obtain degradation bacteria embedding material with particle size of 2-3 mm, wherein the abundance of the embedded indigenous bacteria in each carrier with particle size of 3mm is 10 8 CFU-10 9 CFU range.
Wherein, the indigenous bacteria are: at least one of Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Burkholderia, Staphylococcus, Sphingomonas, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas Rhizobium, and Corynebacterium.
Step 2: the degradation bacteria embedding material, the petroleum polluted soil, the nutrient and the biosurfactant are evenly mixed to form a soil pile to be treated. The biosurfactant is rhamnolipid, and is 1m per unit 3 The amount of the biosurfactant added to the petroleum-contaminated soil was 10 g.
The nutrient is a mixture of a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is 25:5, and the nitrogen fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is 1m 3 The amount of the nutrient added to the petroleum-contaminated soil was 9 g.
And step 3: a polyethylene film as an impermeable film was laid on top of the soil pile to be treated, uncontaminated soil having a thickness of 6cm was laid on top of the soil pile to be treated, and plants were planted in the uncontaminated soil.
Wherein the plants are alfalfa, ryegrass and meadow bluegrass, and the number ratio of the alfalfa, the ryegrass and the meadow bluegrass is 30:28: 40.
And 4, step 4: a vent pipe is inserted into the lower part of the soil pile to be treated, and oxygen is introduced into the soil pile to be treated by utilizing the vent pipe.
And 5: so that the indigenous bacteria can proliferate in the soil pile to be treated and the petroleum-polluted soil can be repaired.
The soil remediation effects of the above examples 1 to 3 were monitored for a long time, and as a result, it was found that the abundance of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and degrading bacteria existing in the petroleum-contaminated soil itself was significantly increased, and could be substantially 10 4 CFU/g is increased to 10 8 CFU/g。
After the petroleum-polluted soil is subjected to bioremediation for 12 months, the degradation efficiency of the extractable oil in the petroleum-polluted soil is about 50%, and after the petroleum-polluted soil is subjected to bioremediation for 12 months (namely after the petroleum-polluted soil is subjected to bioremediation for 24 hours), the degradation efficiency of the extractable oil in the petroleum-polluted soil can reach 62% -81%, wherein the removal rate of the petroleum of C12-C40 can reach more than 98%. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention obtains stronger petroleum-polluted soil remediation effect.
The above description is only for facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for restoring the soil polluted by the petroleum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
separating indigenous bacteria with degradation activity from petroleum-contaminated soil, and mixing the indigenous bacteria with a carrier to obtain a degradation bacteria embedding material;
uniformly mixing the degrading bacteria embedding material, the petroleum-polluted soil, a nutrient and a biosurfactant to form a soil pile to be treated;
laying uncontaminated soil on top of the pile of soil to be treated and planting plants in the uncontaminated soil;
inserting a breather pipe into the lower part of the soil pile to be treated, and introducing oxygen into the soil pile to be treated by using the breather pipe;
and (3) proliferating the indigenous bacteria in the soil pile to be treated, and repairing the petroleum-polluted soil.
2. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein an impermeable membrane is provided at the bottom of said pile of soil to be treated.
3. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the indigenous bacteria is at least one selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Burkholderia, Staphylococcus, Sphingomonas, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas rhizobium, and Corynebacterium.
4. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein said biosurfactant is sophorolipid or rhamnolipid.
5. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrier is at least one selected from the group consisting of alginate, agarose, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylamide, and polyethylene glycol.
6. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil as claimed in claim 5, wherein the embedded indigenous bacteria have an abundance of 10 per one of said degrading bacteria-embedded materials having a particle size of 2mm to 3mm 8 CFU-10 9 CFU；
The abundance of said indigenous bacteria per 1g of petroleum-contaminated soil was 10 5 CFU-10 8 CFU。
7. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the soil is 1m per unit area 3 The adding amount of the nutrient in the petroleum-polluted soil is 3g-20 g.
8. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the soil is remediated every 1m 3 The adding amount of the biosurfactant in the petroleum-polluted soil is 3g-20 g.
9. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the non-contaminated soil is laid to a thickness of 3cm to 7 cm.
10. The method for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said plants are alfalfa, ryegrass, and pratense grass, and wherein the ratio of the number of said alfalfa, said ryegrass, and said pratense grass is 25-30:25-30: 35-45.
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