CN104838996A - Method of using chlorpyrifos and CNT (carbon nanometer tube) interlayer to regulate lawn grass heavy metal accumulation - Google Patents
Method of using chlorpyrifos and CNT (carbon nanometer tube) interlayer to regulate lawn grass heavy metal accumulation Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for using chlorpyrifos and a CNT (carbon nanometer tube) interlayer to regulate lawn grass heavy metal accumulation. The method for using the chlorpyrifos and the CNT interlayer to regulate the lawn grass heavy metal accumulation uses an oxidative modification CNT as the interlayer, aims at using the interlayer to reduce underground leakage influences of heavy metal after the chlorpyrifos and compost compound heavy metal are coupled, and provides important technical support to the oxidative modification CNT in remediation of heavy metal coupling pollution. An experiment result proves that under action of the chlorpyrifos, adding of the oxidative modification CNT mixed with all layers increases heavy metal accumulation amount of aboveground parts of festuca arundinacea, and compared with contrast groups, heavy metal total amount of percolation liquid in the CNT interlayer is reduced. The adding of the oxidative modification CNT reduces the risk that the heavy metal migrates towards underground water to a certain extent, and then technical support is provided to practical application of the method for using the chlorpyrifos and the CNT interlayer to regulate the lawn grass heavy metal accumulation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to a kind of method adopting chlorine pyrazothion and CNT interlayer to regulate and control turfgrass heavy metal accumulation amount.
Background technology
The general designation of the solid waste dumped in house refuse and city people's daily life, the process of China to domestic waste adopts composting technology more.Producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life contains the various plants growth desired nutritional materials such as phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium and organic matter, can be used as organic manure and is applied to agricultural.Nutrient in garbage compost can make the content of organic matter in nutrient increase 11.81%-72.12%.There are some researches show that using of consumer garbage compost can significantly improve Chinese Cabbage Yield.Research discovery utilizes consumer garbage compost to plant tea tree as matrix, than control group volume increase about 7%.And consumer garbage compost is substituted topsoil soils production turf as compounded medium, be then another effective means of garbage compost application.With consumer garbage compost be material of main part to cultivate lawn plant, experiment proves that compounded medium used can culturing turf, and combination property is comparatively strong compared with soil, and each application ecological performance is as functional in Weeds distribution and water saving etc.; Drawn by research perennial ryegrass and the Eco response of Festuca Arundinacea to compound producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life matrix, carry out alternative soil with consumer garbage compost and there are certain development of resources potentiality.
But it is unprocessed due to China's most municipal refuse broad categories, many Waste ammunition and house refuse are stacked jointly, cause content of beary metal in consumer garbage compost higher, and along with rainfall diafiltration is in soil and groundwater, the heavy metal pollution of soil can be caused; Meanwhile, the biologically effective part of heavy metal may cause the plant in-vivo heavy metal content of soil surface higher, and is assembled in human body by food chain, brings significant damage to health.Someone passes through to be find that using of compost has obvious production-increasing function to its output for real plant with romaine lettuce, but plant in-vivo heavy metal content increases thereupon.Madrid etc. have studied the impact using continuously garbage compost on heavy metal in soil accumulation and biological effectiveness content of beary metal, found that, continuous use garbage compost heavy metal in soil content can continue to raise, and biological effectiveness content of beary metal is also along with rising.Heavy metal in garbage compost is higher than bioavailability of heavy metals intrinsic in soil, and plant more easily utilizes.There are some researches show and find that the content of Cr, Cd in corn kernel increases with compost applied amount and increases in an experiment, amplification reaches 38.6%-450% compared with the control.Someone studies the impact that compost accumulates wheat heavy metal of body and finds, the heavy metal accumulation amount in wheat body same with compost consumption become positive correlation.Therefore, producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life, owing to too increasing the enrichment of plant heavy metal while promoting plant strain growth, limits the extensive use of consumer garbage compost.
The extensive use of agricultural chemicals, the Agriculture Production for countries in the world has made tremendous contribution.China has impelled pesticide industry to grow out of nothing as large agricultural country until grow and form the system of a cooperative development; The use of agricultural chemicals is facilitating China's Agriculture Production.Chlorine pyrazothion (chlopyrifos), chemical name is 0,0-diethyl-0-(3,5,6 one trichlorine one 2-pyridine radicals), phosphorothionate.As a kind of broad-spectrum organic insecticide, be applied to the greengrocery extermination of disease and insect pest and killing soil insect.Organophosphorous pesticide mainly comprises phosphoric acid ester, dithio acid esters and thioate, and group thiophosphate and minority belong to several large class of phosphoramidate.As one of insecticide that the current whole world is most widely used, from 1984 since Ministry of Agriculture's agricultural chemicals qualification registration, be widely used in the control of insect of various crop.When forming compound, the unoccupied orbital of phosphorus atoms can participate in into key, and forming chemical constitution is that C-S-P chain or C-P chain, C-N-P chain, C-O-P chain etc. have
d-
pπ joins the P of key
5+compound.Research finds that the applying of chlorine pyrazothion can activate urase, but produces inhibitory action to catalase.And same inhibitory action is presented to Soil Microorganism activity and biomass C.Chlorine pyrazothion shows Activity of Catalase in Soil and first suppresses to activate afterwards within the scope of finite concentration, the process finally recovered, and its hydrolysate is greater than former medicine to catalase impact.Apply activity and intensity of soil respiration that organophosphorus insecticides significantly can suppress phosphatase.
Heavy metal can cause soil productivity to decline, and pollutes, directly or indirectly endanger human and livestock health to underground water and crops.Showing by testing above, the available state of heavy metal can be increased add chlorine pyrazothion in composting substrate after and tall grass heavy metal of body enriching quantity showed increased compared with control group can be made with heavy metal generation coupling effect.Adding of chlorine pyrazothion also add content of beary metal in percolate, and heavy metal activity is strengthened, and leaching risk increases, and causes certain pollution to underground water.Fixation in situ scheme can be used for preventing and treating this phenomenon.Material through being commonly used for heavy metal in soil fixative has sawdust, carbon black, quicklime, phosphate with etc.Experiment finds that aniline reaches the fastest rate of adsorption on untreated CNT, and the CNT after nitric acid oxidation reaches maximum adsorbing capacity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is using oxidation modification CNT as interlayer, object is to utilize interlayer, alleviate chlorine pyrazothion be coupled with compost Compound Heavy Metals after heavy metal to the effect of underground leakage, and provide important technical support for modified carbon nano-tube has heavy metal to be coupled to pollute in reparation.
For achieving the above object, the invention discloses following technology contents:
Adopt chlorine pyrazothion and CNT interlayer to regulate and control a method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) this experiment is carried out under indoor natural light.Test chamber is pvc pipe, Φ=3cm, h=25cm, every pvc pipe lower end binds up with gauze, then interlayer is placed on sand by the sand that loading 10g crosses 1mm sieve, is highly 5cm, is finally placed on interlayer by 160g compost, sprinkle 0.3g in each pvc pipe and shift to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, morning and evening every day running water waters all pvc pipes and adjusts water content by weight method; Make the water content of compost and mixture remain on 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity, indoor temperature and relative moisture are respectively 19-24 DEG C, 41-58%, and intensity of illumination is 600-850 μm of ol.m
-2.s
-1;
(2) interlayer material: carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g mixes, interlayer total height is 5 cm, then the chlorine pyrazothion solution adding 20mmol/kg proportioning good is tested, after normal cultivation 30d, chlorine pyrazothion solution good for 20mmol/kg proportioning is joined in composting substrate, cradle after reserved 1cm after 15d; The baking oven that acrial part under cradling is placed in 80 ° of C is dried to weight;
(3) the artificial rainwater of 40 mL was slowly watered in pvc pipe continuously in the 2nd day after cradling, afterwards weekly drip washing once, amount to three times, drip washing terminates rear mensuration volume, measure content of beary metal in Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor.Described modified carbon nano-tube particle diameter is 20-40nm, specific surface area > 110m
2/ g, ash content < 8 wt%, purity > 90 wt% ,-COOH content is 1.43wt%; Carrier material selects sawdust, moisture content 30%, crosses 2mm sieve, for subsequent use after dry 24h.
The method that the present invention further discloses employing chlorine pyrazothion CNT interlayer regulation and control turfgrass heavy metal accumulation is improving in Festuca Arundinacea acrial part heavy metal accumulation amount, in reduction percolate, is moving the application in risk in total metals, at reduction heavy metal to underground water.Heavy metal of the present invention refers to: Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn.
The present invention is more detailed to be described below:
1 development materials and methods
1.1 for examination material
Choose consumer garbage compost purchased from Tianjin little Dian garbage compost treatment plant as matrix.Before experiment, the bulk foreign material such as the plastic film in garbage compost, brick and tile, stone and glass are removed.After air-dry, cross 2 mm sieves, for subsequent use.Compost physicochemical property is: pH 7.62, the content of organic matter 221.25 gkg
-1, full nitrogen 13.48 gkg
-1, available phosphorus 0.078 gkg
-1, C/N is 8.37, saturation moisture content 0.76 mLg
-1, unit weight 0.85 gmL
-1; Heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn) content is respectively 1.97,67.00,238.73,172.11 and 496.38 mgkg
-1.Lawn plant select Festuca Arundinacea (
festuca arundinaceal.).
Chlorine pyrazothion (Chlorpyrifos) (chlopyrifos), chemical name is O, O-diethyl-O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) thiophosphate.Organophosphorus insecticides, molecular formula is C
9h
11cl
3nO
3pS, relative molecular mass is 350.59.Structural formula is as follows:
This tests chlorine pyrazothion used purchased from Tianjin Han Bang plant protection product Co., Ltd, and purity is 90%.
Modified carbon nano-tube (IMC6-CH) wins space high-tech new material company purchased from Beijing, and particle diameter is 20-40nm, specific surface area > 110m
2/ g, ash content < 8 wt%, purity > 90 wt% ,-COOH content is 1.43wt%.
Carrier material selects sawdust, and purchased from Tianjin the lucky star wood-working factory, moisture content 30%, crosses 2mm sieve, for subsequent use after 70 DEG C of dry 24h.
The preparation of 1.2 artificial rainwater
Simulating natural condition descending water washes away impact to matrix environment, and investigating whole day Jinshi City Precipitation pH scope according to Han Yu (2008) is 4.00-8.24, year average be 5.59, belong to acid precipitation.This experiment (NH
4)
2sO
4, Na
2sO
4, K
2sO
4, MgSO
4, Ca (NO
3)
2, Mg (NO
3)
2, H
2sO
4make SO
4 2-, NO
3-, Cl
-, NH
+, Mg
2+, Ca
2+, K
+, Na
+concentration is respectively 14.96,6.54,1.68,3.71,0.82,1.38,0.64 and 0.78 mgL
-1rainwater, and with HCl allocate pH be 5.59, use in order to during leaching.
1.3 experimental design
This experiment is carried out under indoor natural light.Test chamber is pvc pipe (Φ=3cm, h=25cm), and every pvc pipe lower end binds up with gauze, and then interlayer is placed on sand by the sand that loading 10g crosses 1mm sieve, is highly 5cm, is finally placed on interlayer by 160g compost.Sprinkle 0.3g in each pvc pipe and shift to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, morning and evening every day running water waters all pvc pipes and adjusts water content by weight method.The water content of compost and mixture is made to remain on 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity.Indoor temperature and relative moisture are respectively 19-24 DEG C, 41-58%, and intensity of illumination is 600-850 μm of ol.m
-2.s
-1.
Interlayer material is CK group respectively: without interlayer; Processed group: carrier material sawdust (process I) and carrier material+modified carbon nano-tube (IMC6-CH) (process II).Wherein processing I carrier material is 12.5 g, is highly 5 cm; Process II carrier material and CNT is 1:1(carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g according to volume ratio) mix, interlayer total height is 5 cm.
The chlorine pyrazothion solution that often group process adds 20mmol/kg proportioning good is respectively tested, and each process repeats for 3 times.Totally 9 groups, 27 pvc pipes (table 1)
The different disposal scheme of table 1 interlayer and chlorine pyrazothion
Respectively the chlorine pyrazothion solution good according to 20mmol/kg proportioning is joined in composting substrate after normal cultivation 30d, cradle after reserved 1cm after 15d; The baking oven that acrial part under cradling is placed in 80 ° of C is dried to weight.
Within 2nd day, slowly watered continuously in each pvc pipe by the artificial rainwater of 40 mL respectively after cradling, drip washing once, amounts to three times weekly afterwards.Drip washing terminates rear mensuration volume.Measure content of beary metal in Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor respectively.
1.4 Analysis of Heavy Metals
The mensuration of content of beary metal: with nitric acid: perchloric acid: sulfuric acid (8: 1: 1) is at 120-140 DEG C by after clearing up under the 0.15g hay sample taken, and gained solution distilled water is settled to 25 mL; Leacheate measures 5 mL HNO
3and HClO
4clear up under 120-140 ° of C, gained solution with distilled water constant volume to 50 mL.It is pure that experiment agents useful for same is analysis, 2 molL
-1nitric acid uses distilled water rinse 3 times after cleaning vessel used, then dries in fume hood.Filtrate is through Filter paper filtering.TAS-990 atomic absorption spectrophotometer is finally utilized to measure heavy metal (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn) content in digestive juice.
1.5 data processing
In literary composition, data are all the mean value and standard deviation that repeat for 3 times, and employing SPSS 11.7 software compares the single factor test ANOVA statistical analysis in average to the data obtained.
2 development results analyses
2.1 modified carbon nano-tube interlayers are on the impact of composting substrate Festuca Arundinacea ground biomass under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion
What table 2 represented is the impact of modified carbon nano-tube on Festuca Arundinacea ground biomass under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion.From table can draw often kind of medicine interpolation interlayer after compared with the control ground biomass all have reduction, add carrier material as interlayer compared with the control ground biomass reduce equally to some extent, but under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion, Festuca Arundinacea acrial part fresh weight there was no significant difference.
Table 2 modified carbon nano-tube is on the impact (g/dm of Festuca Arundinacea ground biomass under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion
2)
Note: with different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) of column data.
2.2 add modified carbon nano-tube to the impact of Festuca Arundinacea heavy metal accumulation under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion
Modified carbon nano-tube on the impact of Festuca Arundinacea acrial part heavy metal concentration and enriching quantity under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion in table 3.Under the grand effect of chlorine pyrazothion, each heavy metal in carrier material+IMC6-CH processed group with control group in all have 25% ~ 120% raising, Be very effective.Can be found by data in table, carrier material processed group and carrier material+IMC6-CH processed group all add the heavy metal accumulation amount of Festuca Arundinacea acrial part than control group, under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion, heavy metal accumulation amount presents the trend that carrier material+IMC6-CH processes > carrier material process > contrast equally.And it is comparatively obvious that carrier material+IMC6-CH processes significance compared with the control.
Table 3 modified carbon nano-tube is on the impact of Festuca Arundinacea acrial part content of beary metal and enriching quantity under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion
Note: different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) of colleague's data.
2.3 add modified carbon nano-tube to the impact of content of beary metal in percolate under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion
What table 4 represented is the impact of modified carbon nano-tube on total metals in percolate under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion.By carrier material processed group and carrier material+IMC6-CH processed group and control group are compared discovery, the two all significantly reduces total metals in percolate, except the total amount difference adding Cu in carrier material processed group and carrier material+IMC6-CH processed group in chlorine pyrazothion experimental group significantly except, the successful that in other processed group, carrier material+IMC6-CH processed group reduces percolate total metals is better than carrier material processed group.
Table 4 modified carbon nano-tube is on the impact (ug) of total metals in effusion under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion
Note: different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) of colleague's data.
3 development conclusions
Under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion, modified carbon nano-tube mixes adding of each layer, significantly reduce the ground biomass of Festuca Arundinacea, and otherness is remarkable compared with the control.Carrier material interlayer and modified carbon nano-tube mixing interlayer all add the heavy metal accumulation amount of Festuca Arundinacea acrial part than control group, under the effect of chlorine pyrazothion, heavy metal accumulation amount presents the trend that carrier material+IMC6-CH processes > carrier material process > contrast equally.The iris action of modified carbon nano-tube interlayer heavy metal leaching migration is remarkable, and its successful is better than carrier material processed group, and in modified carbon nano-tube interlayer, percolate total metals all has reduction than control group.What prove modified carbon nano-tube is added on the risk reducing heavy metal to a certain extent and move to underground water, and this is that the practical application of this technology provides technical support.
Embodiment
In order to explain enforcement of the present invention more fully, provide following preparation method's embodiment.These embodiments are only explain instead of limit the scope of the invention.Special instruction is needed to be: the reagent used by the present invention all has commercially available.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method adopting chlorine pyrazothion CNT interlayer to regulate and control turfgrass heavy metal accumulation:
(1) under natural daylight, adopt pvc pipe, Φ=3cm, h=25cm, every pvc pipe lower end binds up with gauze, and then interlayer is placed on sand by the sand that loading 10g crosses 1mm sieve, be highly 5cm, finally be placed on interlayer by 160g compost, sprinkle 0.3g in each pvc pipe and shift to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, morning and evening every day running water waters all pvc pipes and adjusts water content by weight method; Make the water content of compost and mixture remain on 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity, indoor temperature and relative moisture are respectively 19-2 DEG C, 41%, and intensity of illumination is 600 μm of ol.m
-2.s
-1;
(2) interlayer material: carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g mixes, interlayer total height is 5 cm, then the chlorine pyrazothion solution that 20mmol/kg proportioning is good is added, after normal cultivation 30d, chlorine pyrazothion solution good for 20mmol/kg proportioning is joined in composting substrate, cradle after reserved 1cm after 15d; The baking oven that acrial part under cradling is placed in 80 ° of C is dried to weight;
(3) the artificial rainwater of 40 mL was slowly watered in pvc pipe continuously in the 2nd day after cradling, afterwards weekly drip washing once, amount to three times, drip washing terminates rear mensuration volume, measure content of beary metal in Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method adopting chlorine pyrazothion CNT interlayer to regulate and control turfgrass heavy metal accumulation:
(1) under natural daylight, adopt pvc pipe, Φ=3cm, h=25cm, every pvc pipe lower end binds up with gauze, and then interlayer is placed on sand by the sand that loading 10g crosses 1mm sieve, be highly 5cm, finally be placed on interlayer by 160g compost, sprinkle 0.3g in each pvc pipe and shift to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, morning and evening every day running water waters all pvc pipes and adjusts water content by weight method; Make the water content of compost and mixture remain on 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity, indoor temperature and relative moisture are respectively 24 DEG C, 58%, and intensity of illumination is 850 μm of ol.m
-2.s
-1;
(2) interlayer material: carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g mixes, interlayer total height is 5 cm, then the chlorine pyrazothion solution that 20mmol/kg proportioning is good is added, after normal cultivation 30d, chlorine pyrazothion solution good for 20mmol/kg proportioning is joined in composting substrate, cradle after reserved 1cm after 15d; The baking oven that acrial part under cradling is placed in 80 ° of C is dried to weight;
(3) the artificial rainwater of 40 mL was slowly watered in pvc pipe continuously in the 2nd day after cradling, afterwards weekly drip washing once, amount to three times, drip washing terminates rear mensuration volume, measure content of beary metal in Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor.
Claims (6)
1. adopt chlorine pyrazothion and CNT interlayer to regulate and control a method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) under natural daylight, adopt pvc pipe, Φ=3cm, h=25cm, every pvc pipe lower end binds up with gauze, and then interlayer is placed on sand by the sand that loading 10g crosses 1mm sieve, be highly 5cm, finally be placed on interlayer by 160g compost, sprinkle 0.3g in each pvc pipe and shift to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, morning and evening every day running water waters all pvc pipes and adjusts water content by weight method; Make the water content of compost and mixture remain on 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity, indoor temperature and relative moisture are respectively 19-24 DEG C, 41-58%, and intensity of illumination is 600-850 μm of ol.m
-2.s
-1;
(2) interlayer material: carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g mixes, interlayer total height is 5 cm, then the chlorine pyrazothion solution that 20mmol/kg proportioning is good is added, after normal cultivation 30d, chlorine pyrazothion solution good for 20mmol/kg proportioning is joined in composting substrate, cradle after reserved 1cm after 15d; The baking oven that acrial part under cradling is placed in 80 ° of C is dried to weight;
(3) the artificial rainwater of 40 mL was slowly watered in pvc pipe continuously in the 2nd day after cradling, afterwards weekly drip washing once, amount to three times, drip washing terminates rear mensuration volume, measure content of beary metal in Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor.
2. the method adopting chlorine pyrazothion and CNT interlayer to regulate and control turfgrass heavy metal accumulation described in claim 1 is improving the application in Festuca Arundinacea acrial part heavy metal accumulation amount.
3. the method adopting chlorine pyrazothion and CNT interlayer to regulate and control turfgrass heavy metal accumulation described in claim 1 is reducing the application in percolate in total metals.
4. the method adopting chlorine pyrazothion and CNT interlayer to regulate and control turfgrass heavy metal accumulation described in claim 1 moves application in risk to underground water reducing heavy metal.
5. adopt chlorine pyrazothion and CNT interlayer to regulate and control the method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation described in claim 1, wherein said heavy metal refers to: Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn.
6. adopt chlorine pyrazothion and CNT interlayer to regulate and control the method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation described in claim 1, wherein said modified carbon nano-tube particle diameter is 20-40nm, specific surface area > 110m
2/ g, ash content < 8 wt%, purity > 90 wt% ,-COOH content is 1.43wt%; Carrier material selects sawdust, moisture content 30%, crosses 2mm sieve, at 70 DEG C of dry 24h.
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| CN106105455A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 天津师范大学 | The method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Cr form and distribution |
| CN106105454A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 天津师范大学 | The method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Cd form and distribution |
| CN106105457A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 天津师范大学 | Carbon nanomaterial improves the method for lawn composting substrate Trichoderma spp. quantity |
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