CN111495360A - 氨生成催化剂和后处理系统 - Google Patents

氨生成催化剂和后处理系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111495360A
CN111495360A CN201910379627.5A CN201910379627A CN111495360A CN 111495360 A CN111495360 A CN 111495360A CN 201910379627 A CN201910379627 A CN 201910379627A CN 111495360 A CN111495360 A CN 111495360A
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catalyst
ammonia
mgo
aftertreatment system
ceo
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CN201910379627.5A
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朱南鲁
金昌焕
郑昌镐
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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Publication of CN111495360A publication Critical patent/CN111495360A/zh
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Abstract

公开了一种氨生成催化剂和后处理系统。后处理系统可包括：废气流动通过其的排气管；设置在排气管上并净化废气中包含的HC、CO和NOx的三效催化剂(TWC)；设置在排气管上位于TWC下游的氨生成催化剂(APC)，其以贫空气/燃料比储存NOx，并产生H2，释放储存的NOx并以富空气/燃料比利用释放的NOx和产生的H2产生NH3；以及设置在排气管上位于APC下游的选择性催化还原(SCR)催化剂，其储存在TWC和APC中产生的NH3，并利用储存的NH3还原废气中包含的NOx。

Description

氨生成催化剂和后处理系统
技术领域
本公开涉及氨生成催化剂(APC)和后处理系统。
背景技术
本节中的陈述仅提供与本公开相关的背景信息，并且不构成现有技术。
车辆可设置有至少一个催化转化器用于减少废气中包含的排放物(EM)。从发动机经排出歧管(exhaust manifold)流出的废气被驱动到设置在排气管上的催化转化器中并在其中被净化。之后，废气的噪声在通过消声器时被减小，然后废气通过尾管排放到空气中。催化转化器净化废气中含有的EM。此外，用于捕集废气中的微粒物质(PM)的微粒过滤器设置在排气管中。
三效催化剂(TWC，三元催化器)是一种催化转化器，并且与作为废气中的有害成分的烃(HC)化合物、一氧化碳(CO)和氮氧化物(NOx)反应，以除去这些化合物。TWC主要设置在汽油车辆中，Pt/Rh、Pd/Rh或Pt/Pd/Rh系统用作TWC。
汽油发动机中的稀燃发动机可通过燃烧贫空气/燃料混合物(稀空气/燃料混合物，lean air/fuel mixture)来提高燃料效率。稀燃发动机燃烧贫空气/燃料混合物，因此废气的空气/燃料比也为贫。然而，当空气/燃料比为贫时，TWC滑移(漏出、逃逸，slip)NOx而不会还原废气中包含的所有NOx。因此，配备有稀燃发动机的车辆可以包括选择性催化还原(SCR)催化剂，用于净化从TWC滑移的NOx。在配备有稀燃发动机的车辆中使用的SCR催化剂可以是被动型(passive type)SCR催化剂。
当空气/燃料比为富时，TWC还原NOx以产生NH3，并且在TWC中产生的NH3存储在被动型SCR催化剂中。当空气/燃料比为贫时，被动型SCR催化剂使用储存的NH3净化包含在废气中的NOx。
包括TWC和被动型SCR催化剂的稀燃发动机可以通过在预定时段期间增加燃料量来控制空气/燃料比为富，以在被动型SCR催化剂中储存足够的NH3。如果从稀燃发动机排出的NOx量增加，则其中稀燃发动机以更富的空气/燃料比操作的数量(次数)和持续时间也增加。因此，燃料经济性可能恶化。
在背景技术部分中公开的上述信息仅用于增强对本公开背景的理解，因此其可能包含不构成本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种氨生成催化剂(APC)，其具有以富空气/燃料比生成NH3的优点。
本公开的另一方面提供了一种后处理系统，其具有通过将APC布置在三效催化剂(TWC)和SCR催化剂之间来增加以富空气/燃料比供应到选择性催化还原(SCR)催化剂中的NH3的优点。
根据本公开的一种形式的氨生成催化剂(APC)可包括基于APC的总重量为0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-30wt％的CeO2、48.7-84.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-5wt％的添加剂。
添加剂可包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
基于MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，MgO和Al2O3的复合物可包含15-25wt％的MgO。
Pt与Pd的重量比可以是3:1至7:1。
根据本公开的另一种形式的氨生成催化剂(APC)可包括基于APC的总重量为0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-25wt％的CeO2、48.7-79.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-10wt％的添加剂。
添加剂可包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
基于MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，MgO和Al2O3的复合物可包含15-25wt％的MgO。
Pt与Pd的重量比可以是3:1至7:1。
根据本公开的一种形式的后处理系统可包括：废气流动通过其的排气管；设置在排气管上并净化废气中包含的HC、CO和NOx的三效催化剂(TWC)；设置在排气管上位于TWC下游的氨生成催化剂(APC)，以贫空气/燃料比储存NOx，并产生H2，释放储存的NOx并以富空气/燃料比利用释放的NOx和产生的H2产生NH3；和设置在排气管上位于APC下游的选择性催化还原(SCR)催化剂，储存在TWC和APC中产生的NH3，并利用储存的NH3还原废气中包含的NOx。
后处理系统还可包括CO净化催化剂(CUC)，其设置在排气管上位于SCR催化剂下游并净化废气中包含的CO。
后处理系统还可包括设置在TWC和APC之间或APC和SCR催化剂之间的微粒过滤器，其中微粒过滤器捕集废气中的微粒物质。
在一个方面，APC可包括Pt、Pd和CeO2，其中Pt与Pd的重量比为3:1至7:1，并且其中CeO2与APC的总重量的重量比为10-30wt％。
在另一个方面，APC可包括基于APC的总重量为0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-30wt％的CeO2、48.7-84.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-5wt％的添加剂。
添加剂可包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
基于MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，MgO和Al2O3的复合物可包含15-25wt％的MgO。
在其他方面，APC可包括Pt、Pd和CeO2，其中Pt与Pd的重量比为3:1至7:1，并且其中CeO2与APC的总重量的重量比为10-25wt％。
在其他方面，APC可包括基于APC的总重量为0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-25wt％的CeO2、48.7-79.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-10wt％的添加剂。
添加剂可包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
基于MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，MgO和Al2O3的复合物可包含15-25wt％的MgO。
根据本公开的形式，通过在TWC和SCR催化剂之间布置APC，可以增加以富空气/燃料比供应给SCR催化剂的NH3的量。因此，可以减少其中发动机以富空气/燃料比操作的数量(次数)和持续时间，从而提高燃料经济性。
可以通过在SCR催化剂的下游布置CO净化催化剂来净化从TWC和APC滑移的CO。
根据本文提供的描述，其他适用领域将变得显而易见。应该理解，说明书和具体实例仅用于说明的目的，并不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
为了可以很好地理解本公开，现在将通过实例的方式参考附图描述其各种形式，其中：
图1是根据本公开的一种形式的后处理系统的示意图；
图2是根据本公开的另一种形式的后处理系统的示意图；
图3是根据本公开的另一种形式的后处理系统的示意图；
图4是示出当空气/燃料比为富时APC和另外的TWC下游随时间累积的NH3的量和CUC下游随时间累积的CO的量的图表；
图5是示出当空气/燃料比为富时APC和另外的TWC下游的H2的量的图表；
图6是示出当空气/燃料比为富时APC和另外的TWC下游的CO的量的图表；
图7是示出根据APC中的Pt与Pd的重量比而生成的NH3的量的图表；和
图8是示出根据APC中含有的CeO2的量的NH3的累积量和H2的平均浓度的图表。
应当理解，上述附图不一定按比例绘制，其呈现了例示本公开的基本原理的各种特征的略微简化的图示。本公开的具体设计特征，包括例如特定尺寸、方向、位置和形状，将部分地由特定的预期应用和使用环境确定。
本文描述的附图仅用于说明目的，并不旨在以任何方式限制本公开的范围。
具体实施方式
详细说明
以下描述本质上仅是示例性的，并且不旨在限制本公开内容、应用或用途。应该理解，在整个附图中，相应的附图标记表示相同或相应的部件和特征。
本文使用的术语不旨在限制本公开。如本文所用，单数形式“一个(a)”、“一个(an)”和“该(the)”旨在还包括复数形式，除非上下文另有明确指示。还应该理解，术语“包括(comprise)”和/或“包括(comprising)”当用于本说明书时指定所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/组件的存在，但并不排除存在或添加其一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群组。如本文所用，术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关所列项目的任何和所有组合。术语“偶联”表示两个组件之间的物理关系，其中组件要么彼此直接连接要么通过一个或多个中间组件间接连接。
应理解，如本文所使用的术语“交通工具(车辆，vehicle)”、“运载工具(vehicular)”、“轿车(car)”或其它类似术语包括一般机动车辆(例如载客汽车，包括运动型多功能车(SUV)、巴士、卡车、各种商用车)、船只(包括各种艇和船)、飞机等，并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、混合动力电动车辆、氢燃料车辆以及其它替代燃料车辆(例如源自石油之外的来源的燃料)。
此外，应理解，以下方法或其方面中的一个或多个可由至少一个控制器执行。术语“控制器”可以指代包括存储器和处理器的硬件设备。存储器被配置为存储程序指令，并且处理器被具体地编程为执行程序指令以执行下面进一步描述的一个或多个过程。而且，应该理解，下面的方法可以由包括控制器的系统执行，如下面详细描述的。
此外，本公开的控制器可以体现为包含由处理器等执行的可执行程序指令的非暂时性计算机可读介质。计算机可读介质的实例包括但不限于，ROM、RAM、光盘(CD)-ROM、磁带、软盘、闪存驱动器、智能卡和光学数据存储设备。计算机可读记录介质还可以分布在整个计算机网络中，使得程序指令以分布式方式(distributed fashion)存储和执行，例如，通过远程信息处理服务器(telematics server)或控制器区域网络(CAN)。
在下文中，将参考附图详细描述本公开的形式。
图1是根据本公开的一种形式的后处理系统的示意图；图2是根据本公开的另一种形式的后处理系统的示意图；且图3是根据本公开的其他形式的后处理系统的示意图。
如图1所示，根据本公开的一种形式的后处理系统包括发动机10、排气管20、三效催化剂(TWC)30、氨生成催化剂(APC)40、选择性催化还原(SCR)催化剂50和CO净化催化剂(CUC)60。如图2和图3所示，后处理系统还可包括微粒过滤器70。
发动机10燃烧空气/燃料混合物以将化学能转化为机械能。发动机10连接到进入歧管16以使空气流入燃烧室12。在燃烧过程中产生的废气被收集在排出歧管18中，然后从发动机10流出。燃烧室12配备有火花塞14以点燃燃烧室12内的空气/燃料混合物。发动机10可以是汽油发动机。取决于汽油发动机的类型，燃料可以直接喷射到燃烧室12中，或者空气/燃料混合物可以经由进入歧管16供应到燃烧室12。
排气管20连接到排出歧管18以将废气排放到车辆的外部。排气管20配备有TWC30、APC40、SCR催化剂50和CUC60和/或微粒过滤器70以净化或去除废气中包含的排放物和微粒物质。
TWC30设置在排气管20上，从发动机10排出的废气通过排气管20流动，并且废气中包含的含CO、HC和NOx的有害物质通过氧化-反应反应转化为无害组分。此外，当空气/燃料比(AFR)为富时，TWC30可以将废气中包含的NOx还原为NH3。由于TWC30对于本领域普通技术人员来说是公知的，因此将省略其详细描述。
APC40设置在TWC30下游的排气管20上。APC40以贫AFR储存废气中包含的NOx，并产生H2以释放储存的NOx，并使用释放的NOx和产生的H2产生NH3。
在一个方面，APC40包括基于APC40的总重量为0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-30wt％的CeO2、48.7-84.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-5wt％的添加剂。
在另一个方面，APC40包括基于APC的总重量为0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-25wt％的CeO2、48.7-79.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-10wt％的添加剂。
添加添加剂以改善CeO2和Al2O3的性能，并且包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
包含在APC40中的Pt用于氧化NOx以供APC40储存NOx。此外，Pt增加了APC40中产生的H2的量。
APC40中包含的Pd改善了APC40的耐热性。由于APC40布置在发动机10附近，因此APC40的温度可升至950℃。因此，在APC40中添加Pd以改善耐热性。
为了增加NH3产生和H2产生，APC40中Pt与Pd的重量比可以是3:1-7:1。在一个方面，APC40中Pt与Pd的重量比可以是3:1-5:1。
APC40中包含的Rh以化学计量AFR净化废气中包含的NOx。
APC40中包含的Ba和CeO2配置为以硝酸盐形式储存NOx。
此外，CeO2增加H2产生。然而，如果APC40含有大量的CeO2，则生成的NH3可以再氧化。因此，APC40可包含基于APC40的总重量为10-30wt％的CeO2。
APC40中包含的MgO和Al2O3的复合物用作基板(基体，substrate)。基于MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，MgO和Al2O3的复合物可包含15-25wt％的MgO。MgO提高了Ba的热稳定性。
SCR催化剂50设置在APC40下游的排气管20上。SCR催化剂50以富AFR储存TWC30和APC40中产生的NH3，并且以贫AFR使用储存的NH3来还原废气中包含的NOx。这种类型的SCR催化剂50可称为被动型(passive type)SCR催化剂50。
SCR催化剂50可由沸石催化剂和负载在多孔Al2O3中的金属催化剂中的一种或其组合组成，或者可包括沸石催化剂和负载在多孔Al2O3中的金属催化剂中的一种或其组合。Cu、Pt、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Zn、Cs和Ga中的至少一种可以在沸石催化剂中进行离子交换。在负载在多孔Al2O3中的金属催化剂中，Pt、Pd、Rh、Ir、Ru、W、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Cu、Zn和Ag中的至少一种金属可以负载在多孔Al2O3中。
CUC60设置在SCR催化剂50的下游处的排气管20上。CUC60净化废气中含有的CO。特别地，CO可以富AFR从TWC30和APC40滑移。因此，通过将CUC60布置在后处理系统的最下游，可以防止或抑制CO向车辆外部排放。CUC60包括负载在CeO2和Al2O3中的Pt、Pd、Rh和Ba。
在一个方面，CUC60包括基于CUC60的总重量为0.2-1.5wt％的Pt、0-0.4wt％的Pd、0-0.4wt％的Rh、0-5.0wt％的Ba、40-90wt％的CeO2、9.8-59.8wt％的Al2O3和0-10wt％的添加剂。
在另一个方面，CUC60包括基于CUC60的总重量为0.2-1.5wt％的Pt、0-0.4wt％的Pd、0-0.4wt％的Rh、0-5.0wt％的Ba、40-90wt％的CeO2、9.8-59.8wt％的Al2O3和0-20wt％的添加剂。
添加添加剂以改善CeO2和Al2O3的性能，并且包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
如图2和图3所示，后处理系统还可包括微粒过滤器(GPF)70。微粒过滤器70可以布置在TWC30和APC40之间(参见图2)或在APC40和SCR催化剂50之间(参见图3)。微粒过滤器70捕集废气中包含的微粒物质，并燃烧捕集的微粒物质。
排气管20可配备有多个传感器用于检测废气的AFR和催化剂30、40、50和60的操作。例如，多个温度传感器可以设置在排气管20的各个点处，以检测排气管20的各个点处的废气温度。此外，排气管20可以在各个点处配备有至少一个氧传感器或λ传感器，以检测废气的AFR。进气系统配备有空气流量计以检测进气(进入空气)的量。
后处理系统还可包括控制器。控制器电连接到传感器，以接收与传感器检测值对应的信号，并基于信号测定车辆的驱动状况(驱动条件)、AFR、催化剂30、40、50和60的温度。控制器可以基于测定结果控制点火正时(ignition timing)、燃料喷射正时(fuelinjection timing)、燃料量等。
(实施例)
在下文中，将通过各种实施例和比较例描述APC40的性能。各实施例和比较例的组合物示于[表1]中。
[表1]
Figure BDA0002052921520000111
Figure BDA0002052921520000121
(测试1：APC与另外的TWC之间的性能比较)
对于测试1，TWC30、GPF70、SCR催化剂50和CUC60顺序地布置在排气管20上。在比较例1中，另外的TWC布置在GPF70和SCR催化剂50之间，并且在实施例2中，APC40布置在GPF70和SCR催化剂50之间。之后，将2.0L，4缸，稀燃汽油发动机连接到排气管20并进行老化处理。老化处理在1000℃下在TWC30基础上进行50小时。
在2000rpm的发动机转速下保持贫AFR(λ＝1.8)5分钟，以使整个后处理系统为贫气氛。此后，测量在APC40和另外的TWC的下游随时间累积的NH3的量，以及在CUC60的下游随时间累积的CO的量，同时在2,000rpm的发动机转速下保持富AFR(λ＝0.97)。
图4是示出当空气/燃料比为富时在APC和另外的TWC下游随时间累积的NH3的量和在CUC下游随时间累积的CO的量的图表。
在图4中，粗实线表示在实施例2中在APC40下游累积的NH3的量，且细实线表示在比较例1中在另外的TWC下游累积的NH3的量。而且，粗虚线表示在实施例2中在CUC60下游累积的CO的量，且细虚线表示在比较例1中在CUC60下游累积的CO的量。
如图4所示，由于APC40具有比另外的TWC更多的储氧材料(即，CeO2)，因此从富AFR开始到NH3产生开始的延迟时间略微增加(约2-3秒)。然而，当AFR为富时，APC40利用以贫AFR储存的NOx产生大量NH3。因此，随着时间的流逝，在APC40下游累积的NH3的量变得大于在另外的TWC下游累积的NH3的量。结果，APC40增加NH3生成的量并将更多NH3供应到布置在APC40下游的SCR催化剂50。
此外，在实施例2的情况下CO开始从CUC60滑移的时间慢于在比较例1的情况下CO开始从CUC60滑移的时间(慢约5秒)。
另一方面，通过修改测试1，以规则的间隔重复贫AFR和富AFR，并且在APC40和另外的TWC下游测量H2和CO的量。
图5是示出当空气/燃料比为富时APC和另外的TWC下游的H2的量的图表，而图6是示出当空气/燃料比为富时APC和另外的TWC下游的CO的量的图表。
在图5中，粗实线表示以富AFR在APC40下游的H2的量，而细实线表示以富AFR在另外的TWC下游的H2的量。在图6中，粗实线表示以富AFR在APC40下游的CO的量，而细实线表示以富AFR在另外的TWC下游的CO的量。
如图5和图6所示，APC40下游的H2的量大于以富AFR在另外的TWC下游的H2的量，而APC40下游的CO的量小于在另外的TWC下游的CO量。结果，与另外的TWC相比，APC40向CUC60供应更多的H2，同时向CUC60供应更少的CO。
(测试2：根据APC中的成分的性能比较)
对于测试2，TWC30和APC40顺序地设置在排气管20上。之后，将2.0L，4缸，稀燃汽油发动机连接到排气管20进行老化处理。老化处理在1000℃下在TWC30基础上进行50小时并且在930℃下在APC40基础上进行50小时。
老化的TWC30和老化的APC40分别切成1英寸直径和1英寸长度以产生TWC样品和APC样品，并且TWC样品和APC样品连接到贫富气体供应装置。贫富气体供应装置是供应具有与稀燃发动机的废气组成类似的组成的气体的装置。
在贫AFR(λ＝1.8)保持5分钟后，使用贫-富气体供应装置将AFR变为富(λ＝0.97)。测量富AFR(λ＝0.97)下的NH3的量20秒。此时，将TWC30的温度调节到500℃，并将APC40的温度调节到450℃。
图7是示出根据APC中的Pt与Pd的重量比而生成的NH3的量的图表。
如表1所示，Rh、BaO、CeO2，MgO和Al2O3的复合物与添加剂的重量比在比较例2、实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4和比较例3中相同。在比较例2、实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4和比较例3中，Pt和Pd的总重量比相同，但Pt与Pd的重量比不同。
如图7所示，APC40中的NH3生成量在实施例2中最大，并且APC40中的NH3生成量在实施例1至实施例4中是合适的。然而，在比较例2和比较例3中，APC40中的NH3生成量小。如上所述，为了通过增加H2产生来增加NH3产生，可以增加Pt的含量，但是Pd可以起到改善耐热性和热耐久性的作用。特别地，如果APC40含有少量Pd(例如，在比较例2中)，可以看出APC40暴露在高温下并且产生NH3的能力降低。相反，如果APC40含有大量的Pd(例如，在比较例3中)，则APC40中包含的Pt的量减少并且NH3产生也减少。因此，在一个方面，APC40中的Pt与Pd的比可以是3:1-7:1。在一个形式中，APC40中的Pt与Pd的比可以是3:1-5:1。
图8是示出根据APC中含有的CeO2的量的NH3的累积量和H2的平均浓度的图表。
如表1所示，Pt和Pd的总重量比、Pt与Pd的重量比和BaO的重量比在比较例4、实施例5、实施例2、实施例6、比较例5中相同。相应地，在比较例4、实施例5、实施例2、实施例6、比较例5和比较例6中，改变CeO2的重量比并且改变MgO和Al2O3的复合物的重量比。添加剂的重量比在比较例4、实施例5、实施例2、实施例6、比较例5和比较例6中变化，但不显著影响APC40的性能。此外，在比较例4、实施例5、实施例2、实施例6、比较例5和比较例6中，APC40中含有的CeO2的量逐渐增加。
如图8所示，APC40中产生的NH3的量在实施例2中最大，并且在APC40中产生的H2的浓度也相当高。随着CeO2的量增加，在比较例4、
实施例5、实施例2、实施例6、比较例5和比较例6中，H2的浓度也增加。然而，如果CeO2的量基于APC40的总重量超过20wt％，则H2浓度增加与CeO2增加的比例减慢。此外，如果CeO2的量基于APC40的总重量超过30wt％(在比较例5和比较例6中)，则产生的H2的浓度高，但由于储存在APC40中的O2增加使得NH3生成急剧下降。在这种情况下，产生的NH3被储存在APC40中的O2再氧化。因此，为了提高APC40的NH3生成能力，可能希望CeO2的量基于APC40的总重量为10-30wt％。在一种形式中，CeO2相对于APC40的总重量的量可以是10-25wt％。
应该理解，本公开不受限制，而是相反地旨在涵盖包括在本公开的精神和范围内的各种修改和等同安排。

Claims (19)

1.一种氨生成催化剂，包括基于所述氨生成催化剂的总重量0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-30wt％的CeO2、48.7-84.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-5wt％的添加剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的氨生成催化剂，其中，所述添加剂包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的氨生成催化剂，其中，基于所述MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，MgO和Al2O3的复合物包含15-25wt％的MgO。
4.根据权利要求1所述的氨生成催化剂，其中，Pt与Pd的重量比为3:1至7:1。
5.一种氨生成催化剂，包括基于所述氨生成催化剂的总重量0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-25wt％的CeO2、48.7-79.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-10wt％的添加剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的氨生成催化剂，其中，所述添加剂包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求5所述的氨生成催化剂，其中，基于所述MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，MgO和Al2O3的复合物包含15-25wt％的MgO。
8.根据权利要求5所述的氨生成催化剂，其中，Pt与Pd的重量比为3:1至7:1。
9.一种后处理系统，包括：
排气管，废气流动通过所述排气管；
三效催化剂，设置在所述排气管上并净化所述废气中包含的HC、CO和NOx；
氨生成催化剂，设置在所述排气管上位于所述三效催化剂下游，以贫空气/燃料比储存NOx，并产生H2，释放储存的所述NOx，并以富空气/燃料比利用释放的所述NOx和产生的所述H2产生NH3；和
选择性催化还原催化剂，设置在所述排气管上位于所述氨生成催化剂下游，储存在所述三效催化剂和所述氨生成催化剂中产生的NH3，并利用储存的所述NH3还原所述废气中包含的NOx。
10.根据权利要求9所述的后处理系统，还包括CO净化催化剂，设置在所述排气管上位于所述选择性催化还原催化剂下游，并净化所述废气中包含的CO。
11.根据权利要求10所述的后处理系统，还包括微粒过滤器，布置在所述三效催化剂和所述氨生成催化剂之间或布置在所述氨生成催化剂和所述选择性催化还原催化剂之间，
其中，所述微粒过滤器捕集所述废气中的微粒物质。
12.根据权利要求9所述的后处理系统，其中，所述氨生成催化剂包含Pt、Pd和CeO2，
其中，Pt与Pd的重量比为3:1至7:1，且
其中，所述CeO2与氨生成催化剂的总重量的重量比为10-30wt％。
13.根据权利要求9所述的后处理系统，其中，所述氨生成催化剂包括基于所述氨生成催化剂的总重量0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-30wt％的CeO2、48.7-84.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-5wt％的添加剂。
14.根据权利要求13所述的后处理系统，其中，所述添加剂包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
15.根据权利要求13所述的后处理系统，基于所述MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，所述MgO和Al2O3的复合物包含15-25wt％的MgO。
16.根据权利要求9所述的后处理系统，其中，所述氨生成催化剂包含Pt、Pd和CeO2，
其中，Pt与Pd的重量比为3:1至7:1，且
其中，所述CeO2与所述氨生成催化剂的总重量的重量比为10-25wt％。
17.根据权利要求9所述的后处理系统，其中，所述氨生成催化剂包括基于所述氨生成催化剂的总重量0.4-0.9wt％的Pt、0.057-0.3wt％的Pd、0.03-0.1wt％的Rh、5.0-15.0wt％的Ba、10-25wt％的CeO2、48.7-79.513wt％的MgO和Al2O3的复合物和0-10wt％的添加剂。
18.根据权利要求17所述的后处理系统，其中，所述添加剂包括La、Zr、Mg和Pr中的至少一种。
19.根据权利要求17所述的后处理系统，基于所述MgO和Al2O3的复合物的总重量，所述MgO和Al2O3的复合物包含15-25wt％的MgO。
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