CN111494501B - 一种强肾通络组合物、药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种强肾通络组合物、药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111494501B
CN111494501B CN202010472366.4A CN202010472366A CN111494501B CN 111494501 B CN111494501 B CN 111494501B CN 202010472366 A CN202010472366 A CN 202010472366A CN 111494501 B CN111494501 B CN 111494501B
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雷枭
青玉风
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Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种强肾通络组合物,包括以下重量份原料:独活10~30份、桑寄生10~20份、防风5~15份、北细辛1~10份、当归5~15份、熟地10~30份、白芍10~30份、肉桂1~10份、茯苓5~15份、杜仲10~30份、怀牛膝5~15份、党参5~15份、骨碎补10~30份、续断10~30份、狗脊5~15份、炙甘草5~15份、川芎10~15份、鸡血藤20~40份、伸筋草10~30份、秦艽10~30份和陈皮10~20份。本发明还提供了一种包括上述的强肾通络组合物的强肾通络药物及其制备方法。本发明虚实兼顾,既能补肾壮骨,又能祛风除湿通络止痛,有效解决疗效单一、副作用明显和治疗成本高等问题。

Description

一种强肾通络组合物、药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及中药配方技术领域,具体涉及一种强肾通络组合物、药物及其制备方法。
背景技术
腰腿疼痛是临床常见症状之一,其病因和发病机制复杂,常见疾病有腰椎间盘突出症、腰肌劳损、骨质疏松症、退行性骨关节炎等。腰腿痛症状在一般轻劳动者人群中发生率53%,重劳动者人群中64%,随着年龄的增长,发病率直线上升。西医治疗腰腿疼痛以口服非甾体消炎止痛药为主,辅以物理治疗,短期疗效尚可,远期疗效差,且副作用明显,很多患者不能耐受。中医治疗腰腿疼痛有着其悠久的历史,称为“痹”、“腰痛”、“腰腿痛”、“腰股痛”、“肾着”、“筋痹”等,《素问.痹论》曰:“风、寒、湿三气杂至,合而为痹。其风气胜者为行痹,寒气胜者为痛痹,湿气胜者为着痹也。”《素问.脉要精微论》曰:“腰者,肾之府,转摇不能,肾将惫矣”。汉代张仲景《金匮要略》中提出湿痹、血痹、肾着之名,所创的桂枝芍药知母汤、乌头汤、黄芪桂枝五物汤、甘姜苓术汤等方,至今仍为临床常用。隋代巢元方《诸病源候论.腰背病诸候》认为腰痛乃由“肾经虚,风冷乘之”,或“劳损于肾,动伤经络,又为风冷所侵,血气击搏”所致。元代《丹溪心法.腰痛》谓:“腰痛主湿热,肾虚,瘀血,挫闪,有痰积”。清代《七松岩集.腰痛》指出:“然痛有虚实之分,所谓虚者,是两肾之精神气血虚也,凡言虚证,皆两肾自病耳。所谓实证,非肾家自实,是两腰经络血脉之中,为风寒湿之所侵,闪肭挫气之所碍,腰内空腔之中为湿痰瘀血凝滞,不通而通。”
综上,中医认为腰腿疼痛的病因病机为慢性劳损,加之年老体衰肾虚,更易感受风寒湿之邪,导致肾虚血瘀、经络不通,虚实夹杂,迁延不愈。中医治疗慢性腰腿痛有着其显著的疗效和独特的优势,副作用少,可长期服用。但既往中药治疗慢性腰腿痛的处方治法单一、缺陷明显,以祛风散寒除湿、通络止痛为主,或以补肾为主,疗效单一;或以大温大热有毒的附子、二乌、马钱子等药为主,副作用明显;或选用全蝎、穿山甲、海马、鹿茸等昂贵稀有之品为主,治疗成本较高。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的上述不足,本发明提供了一种强肾通络组合物、药物及其制备方法,虚实兼顾、药性平和无毒,治疗成本较低,可长期服用,既能补肾壮骨,又能祛风除湿通络止痛,有效解决了现有技术中疗效单一、副作用明显和治疗成本高等问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:提供一种强肾通络组合物,包括以下重量份原料:独活10~30份、桑寄生10~20份、防风5~15份、北细辛1~10份、当归5~15份、熟地10~30份、白芍10~30份、肉桂1~10份、茯苓5~15份、杜仲10~30份、怀牛膝5~15份、党参5~15份、骨碎补10~30份、续断10~30份、狗脊5~15份、炙甘草5~15份、川芎10~15份、鸡血藤20~40份、伸筋草10~30份、秦艽10~30份、陈皮10~20份。
进一步,强肾通络组合物包括以下重量份原料:独活20份、桑寄生15份、防风10份、北细辛5份、当归10份、熟地20份、白芍20份、肉桂5份、茯苓10份、杜仲20份、怀牛膝10份、党参10份、骨碎补20份、续断20份、狗脊10份、炙甘草10份、川芎12份、鸡血藤30份、伸筋草20份、秦艽20份、陈皮15份。
一种强肾通络药物,包括上述的强肾通络组合物,其剂型为汤剂、散剂或丸剂。
上述强肾通络药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将原料加冷水浸泡20~40min,武火煮沸,然后文火煎煮15~20min,过滤,将药渣再次煎煮1~3次,合并滤液,得汤剂。
进一步,加冷水后液面高于原料2~3cm。
上述强肾通络药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将原料粉碎,过80~10目筛,得散剂。
上述强肾通络药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将原料中的独活、防风、当归、白芍、茯苓、党参、川芎和陈皮粉碎,得药粉;然后将余下原料加水煎煮1~3次,过滤,合并滤液后浓缩成清膏,再将清膏和药粉混合,最后依次经干燥、粉碎混合、泛丸和再次干燥,得丸剂。
综上所述,本发明具有以下优点:
1、本发明虚实兼顾、药性平和无毒,副作用少,治疗成本较低,可长期服用,既能补肾壮骨,又能祛风除湿通络止痛,有效解决了疗效单一、副作用明显和治疗成本高等问题,具有广阔的应用前景。
2、强肾通络组合物以杜仲、骨碎补、续断、狗脊、桑寄生为君,共奏补肾壮骨止痛之功;臣药独活、防风、北细辛、肉桂、川芎、鸡血藤、伸筋草、秦艽祛风散寒、通络止痛;当归、白芍、熟地补血活血共为佐药,寓“治风先治血,血行风自灭”之意;党参、茯苓、陈皮亦为佐药,益气运脾使脾胃健旺、补而不滞;怀牛膝为使药,既能活血化瘀,又能补益肝肾,强筋健骨,且能引药下行腰及双下肢;炙甘草甘缓调和诸药,与怀牛膝共担使药。
3、杜仲、骨碎补、续断、狗脊、桑寄生均入肾经,既能补肝肾、强腰膝,又能祛风湿。桑寄生,苦甘平,归肝、肾经。祛风湿、补肝肾、强筋骨、安胎元。本品苦燥甘补,既能祛风湿,又长于补肝肾、强筋骨,尤宜于痹证日久、损及肝肾,腰膝酸软,筋骨无力的慢性腰腿痛。狗脊,苦温能温散风寒湿邪,甘温以补肝肾、强腰膝、坚筋骨,能行能补,对肝肾不足,兼有风寒湿邪的腰腿痛最适宜。又能补肝肾、强腰膝,具有温补固摄,特别适合用于肝肾虚损的慢性虚证或虚实夹杂证。续断能补肝肾、强健骨,治肝肾亏虚,筋骨不健,可达标本兼治之共功。而且又辛散温通,能活血祛瘀、续筋疗法,能治瘀血肿痛。骨碎补,活血疗伤止痛,补肾强骨。独活辛苦微温,入肾、膀胱经。祛风除湿、通痹止痛、解表,善治伏风,长于祛下焦风寒湿邪而除痹痛。
4、细辛,辛温,归心、肺、肾经。解表散寒、祛风止痛、通窍、温肺化饮,既发散少阴肾经在里之寒邪以通阳散结,又搜剔筋骨间的风湿而蠲痹止痛。“细辛不过钱”,故细辛用量小,保证在安全的情况下发挥其作用。防风,辛甘微温。祛风解表,胜湿止痛,止痉,质松而润,为“风药之润药”、“治风之通用药”,祛湿不伤津液,祛风不伤正。秦艽,辛苦平,归胃、肝、胆经。祛风湿、清湿热、止痹痛、退虚热。本药辛散苦泄,质偏润不燥,为“风药中之润剂”,祛风湿止痹痛而不生燥热,祛风邪舒筋络而“活血荣筋”。防风和秦艽特别适合老年肾精不足及痹证日久津液不足又需要祛湿的慢性腰腿痛患者。伸筋草,祛风除湿,舒筋活络。辛散,苦燥,温通能祛风湿,入肝尤善通经络止痛。以上皆为风药,“风能胜湿”“燥能祛湿”,故能祛风湿止痹痛。
5、肉桂,辛甘大热,归肾、脾、心、肝经。补火助阳、散寒止痛、温通经脉、引火归元。本药辛大热,“大补命门相火,益阳治阴”,温里祛寒,通行血脉来止痹痛,尤治寒湿腰痛。牛膝、杜仲补肝肾、祛风湿,壮筋骨,治肾虚腰痛能标本兼顾。牛膝,味苦通泄,味甘缓补,性质平和,主归肝肾经,既能活血化瘀,又能补益肝肾,强筋健骨,善治肝肾不足兼有瘀血之证,况且牛膝能引血下行,把药物带到下焦。当归、白芍、熟地、川芎养血活血,为“四物汤”之意,寓“治风先治血,血行风自灭”之意。熟地、白芍阴柔补血之品(血中血药),与辛甘之当归、川芎(血中气药)相配,动静相宜,重在滋补营血,且补中寓行,使补血不滞血,行血而不伤血。党参、茯苓、炙甘草,仿“四君子汤”,补气健脾,后天养先天。鸡血藤,活血补血,调经止痛,舒筋活络。既能活血通络止痛,又能养血荣筋,常用治疗经脉不畅,络脉不和证。陈皮理气健脾,燥湿化痰。行气活血并用可使补而不滞。甘草调和诸药,味甘性温,入心、肺、脾、胃经,可补气、缓急、调和诸药,且同白芍配伍,即芍药甘草汤,可补肝缓急止痛。
6、诸药合用,风寒湿邪俱除,脾肾得健,气血调和,经络通畅,诸症自缓。故本方综合考虑了慢性腰腿痛的病机,肝肾同治、气血双补、补运结合、刚柔相济、标本兼治,配伍精当,使补而不滞、通而不泄,祛邪不伤正,扶正不留邪,故效如桴鼓,亦能长期服用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种强肾通络药物,包括强肾通络组合物。强肾通络组合物包括以下重量份原料:独活10份、桑寄生10份、防风5份、北细辛1份、当归5份、熟地10份、白芍10份、肉桂1份、茯苓5份、杜仲10份、怀牛膝5份、党参5份、骨碎补10份、续断10份、狗脊5份、炙甘草5份、川芎10份、鸡血藤20份、伸筋草10份、秦艽10份、陈皮10份。
上述强肾通络药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将原料加冷水浸泡20min,武火煮沸,然后文火煎煮15min,过滤,将药渣再次煎煮2次,合并滤液,得汤剂。
实施例2
一种强肾通络药物,包括强肾通络组合物。强肾通络组合物包括以下重量份原料:独活20份、桑寄生15份、防风10份、北细辛5份、当归10份、熟地20份、白芍20份、肉桂5份、茯苓10份、杜仲20份、怀牛膝10份、党参10份、骨碎补20份、续断20份、狗脊10份、炙甘草10份、川芎12份、鸡血藤30份、伸筋草20份、秦艽20份、陈皮15份。
上述强肾通络药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将原料加冷水浸泡30min,武火煮沸,然后文火煎煮18min,过滤,将药渣再次煎煮2次,合并滤液,得汤剂。
实施例3
一种强肾通络药物,包括强肾通络组合物。强肾通络组合物包括以下重量份原料:独活30份、桑寄生20份、防风15份、北细辛10份、当归15份、熟地30份、白芍30份、肉桂10份、茯苓15份、杜仲30份、怀牛膝15份、党参15份、骨碎补30份、续断30份、狗脊15份、炙甘草15份、川芎15份、鸡血藤40份、伸筋草30份、秦艽30份、陈皮20份。
上述强肾通络药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将原料加冷水浸泡40min,武火煮沸,然后文火煎煮20min,过滤,将药渣再次煎煮3次,合并滤液,得汤剂。
实施例4
一种强肾通络药物,包括强肾通络组合物。强肾通络组合物包括以下重量份原料:独活20份、桑寄生15份、防风10份、北细辛5份、当归10份、熟地20份、白芍20份、肉桂5份、茯苓10份、杜仲20份、怀牛膝10份、党参10份、骨碎补20份、续断20份、狗脊10份、炙甘草10份、川芎12份、鸡血藤30份、伸筋草20份、秦艽20份、陈皮15份。
上述强肾通络药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将原料粉碎,过80~10目筛,得散剂。
实施例5
一种强肾通络药物,包括强肾通络组合物。强肾通络组合物包括以下重量份原料:独活20份、桑寄生15份、防风10份、北细辛5份、当归10份、熟地20份、白芍20份、肉桂5份、茯苓10份、杜仲20份、怀牛膝10份、党参10份、骨碎补20份、续断20份、狗脊10份、炙甘草10份、川芎12份、鸡血藤30份、伸筋草20份、秦艽20份、陈皮15份。
上述强肾通络药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将原料中的独活、防风、当归、白芍、茯苓、党参、川芎和陈皮粉碎,得药粉;然后将余下原料加水煎煮1~3次,过滤,合并滤液后浓缩成清膏,再将清膏和药粉混合,最后依次经干燥、粉碎混合、泛丸和再次干燥,得丸剂。
实验例
随机选取120例均来自川北医学院附属医院中医科2018.01~2019.12门诊患者病例,随机分为两组,每组60例。其中,治疗组男33例,女27例;对照组男34例,女26例。两组一般资料经统计学计算,无显著性差异,具有可比性。
临床表现:反复出现的腰腿痛,排除外伤等疾病,西医诊断为腰椎间盘突出症、腰肌劳损、骨质疏松症、退行性骨关节炎,且中医辨证为肝肾亏虚、瘀血阻滞。纳入标准为符合腰腿痛诊断标准,临床表现、处方用药等信息完整;年龄18~80岁,性别不限。并排除以下患者:(1)外伤所引起的腰痛;(2)处于妊娠期的妇女;(3)肝肾功能异常;(4)消化性溃疡患者;(5)精神病患者。
治疗组:服用实施例2所得汤剂,一日三次,每次150ml,饭后温服,服用1月。对照组:口服双氯芬酸钠缓释胶囊,一日两次,每次50mg,服用1月。
疗程结束后,分别统计治疗组和对照组疗效情况,其结果见表1。其中,疗效评定标准:治愈:腰腿痛等不适完全消失,正常的工作和生活基本恢复;显效:腰腿痛等不适基本消失,工作和生活基本不受影响;有效:腰腿痛等不适缓解,恢复部分工作和生活;无效:各种临床症状体征均无明显改善。总有效率=(治愈例数+显效例数+有效例数)/总例数×100%。
表1治疗组和对照组疗效情况统计表
脱落人数/人 有效/人 显效/人 治愈/人 总有效率/%
治疗组 4 15 18 20 88.33
对照组 6 24 10 7 68.33
由上可知,强肾通络药物的临床疗效优于双氯芬酸钠缓释胶囊。本发明的强肾通络药物虚实兼顾、药性平和无毒,副作用少,治疗成本较低,可长期服用,既能补肾壮骨,又能祛风除湿通络止痛,有效解决了现有技术中疗效单一、副作用明显和治疗成本高等问题,具有广阔的应用前景。
虽然本发明的具体实施方式对本发明进行了详细地描述,但不应理解为对本专利的保护范围的限定。在权利要求书所描述的范围内,本领域技术人员不经创造性劳动即可作出的各种修改和变形仍属本专利的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种强肾通络组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料制成:独活20份、桑寄生15份、防风10份、北细辛5份、当归10份、熟地20份、白芍20份、肉桂5份、茯苓10份、杜仲20份、怀牛膝10份、党参10份、骨碎补20份、续断20份、狗脊10份、炙甘草10份、川芎12份、鸡血藤30份、伸筋草20份、秦艽20份和陈皮15份。
2.一种强肾通络药物,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述的强肾通络组合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的强肾通络药物,其特征在于,其剂型为汤剂、散剂或丸剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的强肾通络药物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将原料加冷水浸泡20~40min,武火煮沸,然后文火煎煮15~20min,过滤,将药渣再次煎煮1~3次,合并滤液,得汤剂。
5.如权利要求4所述的强肾通络药物的制备方法,其特征在于,加冷水后液面高于原料2~3cm。
6.如权利要求4所述的强肾通络药物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将原料粉碎,过80~10目筛,得散剂。
7.如权利要求4所述的强肾通络药物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将原料中的独活、防风、当归、白芍、茯苓、党参、川芎和陈皮粉碎,得药粉;然后将余下原料加水煎煮1~3次,过滤,合并滤液后浓缩成清膏,再将清膏和药粉混合,最后依次经干燥、粉碎混合、泛丸和再次干燥,得丸剂。
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