CN111493217A - Compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and feed thereof - Google Patents

Compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and feed thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111493217A
CN111493217A CN201910758300.9A CN201910758300A CN111493217A CN 111493217 A CN111493217 A CN 111493217A CN 201910758300 A CN201910758300 A CN 201910758300A CN 111493217 A CN111493217 A CN 111493217A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
crabs
shrimps
premix
promoting
compound premix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910758300.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨志强
朱旺明
蓝汉冰
谭永刚
谭秀花
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foshan Xintun Biological Science & Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Foshan Xintun Biological Science & Technology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foshan Xintun Biological Science & Technology Co ltd filed Critical Foshan Xintun Biological Science & Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN201910758300.9A priority Critical patent/CN111493217A/en
Publication of CN111493217A publication Critical patent/CN111493217A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.5 part of herba rhodiolae extract; 10-30 parts of vitamin premix; 40-60 parts of trace element premix; 1-3 parts of calcium gluconate; 1-20 parts of calcium supplement; 1-20 parts of an immunopotentiator; 5-10 parts of rice hull powder. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the compound premix for promoting the exuviation of the shrimps and the crabs and a feed. The invention can meet the requirements of shrimps and crabs on various nutrients during the molting period, effectively promote the molting of the shrimps and crabs, shorten the molting period and improve the growth speed and the survival rate.

Description

Compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and feed thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of compound premix, in particular to compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs; correspondingly, the invention also relates to a preparation method of the compound premix for promoting the exuviation of the shrimps and the crabs; correspondingly, also relates to a feed containing the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and crabs.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the economic level of China in recent years, the yield and the consumption of aquatic products in China are greatly increased, and particularly the demand of famous varieties is continuously increased. The shrimp and crab as main crustacean variety, especially Chinese mitten crab, crayfish, prawn and other breeding variety, has rapid domestic breeding development. According to statistics of the national statistical bureau, the yield of the shrimp and crab sea and fresh water products in 2017 years in China reaches 700 million tons, wherein the annual yield of the Eriocheir sinensis reaches 80 million tons, the annual yield of the crayfish reaches 85 million tons, the annual yield of the prawn reaches 120 million tons, and a considerable culture scale is formed. With the increase of the culture scale of the shrimps and crabs, a plurality of culture problems which need to be solved urgently appear, such as soft shell disease, difficult shell molting, long molting period, slow growth, high feed coefficient and the like. Especially under the condition of high-density culture, factors such as unbalanced nutrition of the feed, mutual killing and the like are superposed, and the survival rate of the shrimps and the crabs in the culture process is further reduced, so that the yield and the benefit are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the compound premix for promoting the exuviation of the shrimps and the crabs, so that the demands of the shrimps and the crabs on various nutrients during the exuviation are met, the exuviation of the shrimps and the crabs is effectively promoted, the exuviation period is shortened, and the growth speed and the survival rate are improved.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the preparation method of the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and the crabs, which has simple process and low cost.
The invention also provides a feed containing the compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000021
as an improvement of the scheme, the herba phyllanthi extract contains 45-55% of ecdysone.
As an improvement of the scheme, the extraction method of the herba rhodiolae extract comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the steps of taking the root of the herba rhodiolae as a raw material, drying, crushing, performing enzymolysis and water extraction, inactivating, performing centrifugal separation, filtering, and vacuum concentrating to obtain a liquid herba rhodiolae extract, and performing vacuum drying and crushing on the liquid herba rhodiolae extract to obtain a powdery herba rhodiolae extract.
As an improvement of the scheme, the vitamin premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000022
the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100 percent.
As an improvement of the scheme, the microelement premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000031
the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100 percent.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the calcium supplement comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
38-44% of calcium carbonate;
50-55% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate;
1 to 12 percent of zeolite powder.
As an improvement of the scheme, the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
75-80% of saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate;
l-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate 20-25%.
As an improvement of the scheme, the preparation method of the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate comprises the following steps:
squeezing fresh cerevisiae Fermentum as raw material, removing impurities, debitterizing, adding water, adjusting pH to 5-9, adding protease, mannase, and glucanase, performing enzymolysis for breaking cell wall, controlling temperature at 40-60 deg.C for 18-28h, heating to 70-90 deg.C, maintaining for 20-40min to inactivate enzyme, cooling, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate;
wherein, the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate contains 7-9% of nucleic acid, 20-35% of β -glucan and 15-20% of mannan oligosaccharide.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and the crabs, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the herba Cymbopogonis Citrari extract, vitamin premix, microelement premix, calcium gluconate, calcium supplement, immunopotentiator, and rice hull powder according to formula to obtain compound premix;
the particle size of the compound premix is 20-60 meshes, and the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5%.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a feed for culturing shrimps and crabs, which contains 0.5-2.0% of the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and crabs.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention takes the exuviae plant extract, the vitamin premix, the microelement premix, the calcium gluconate, the calcium supplement, the immunopotentiator and the rice hull powder as raw materials, the vitamin premix and the microelement premix meet the requirements of the shrimps and crabs for quick growth of the shrimps and crabs on vitamins and microelements, and are the basis of the growth of the shrimps and crabs, the growth requirements of the shrimps and crabs can be met through reasonable matching of a plurality of vitamins and microelements, the exuviae hormone of the shrimps and crabs is provided by adding the exuviae plant extract, the exuviation of the shrimps and crabs is promoted, the exuviation period of the shrimps and crabs can be effectively shortened, the exuviation frequency of the shrimps and crabs is improved, and the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein is promoted, the calcium gluconate can accelerate the hardening of new shells after the exuviation of the shrimps and crabs, and crabs are supplemented as energy, the L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, the nucleic acid, the glucan and the mannomycins can effectively improve the immunity and the anti-stress capability of the shrimps and crabs in the exuviation stage, the survival rate of the shrimps and the crabs can be improved, the calcium phosphate and the calcium carbonate are added in proportion, the calcium supplement can be added, the calcium supplement is added, the shrimp and the crayfishes can effectively improve the survival rate of the crayfishes during the growth of the shrimp and the crayfishes during the mols, and the normal crayfishes, and the crayfishes.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000041
preferably, the invention discloses a compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000051
more preferably, the invention discloses a compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000052
herba Cyanotis Archnoidea (C.B. Clarke) is perennial plant of Rutaceae family, and is distributed in Yunnan, Taiwan, and Guangdong. It is pungent and slightly bitter in nature, and has effects of dispelling pathogenic wind, activating collaterals, promoting diuresis and relieving swelling. The herba phyllanthi androsaceus is the plant which has been found to contain the highest ecdysone. By adding the plant extract of the rhaponticum uniflorum, the molting hormone of the shrimps and crabs is provided, the molting of animals such as the shrimps and the crabs is promoted, the molting period of the shrimps and the crabs can be effectively shortened, the molting frequency is improved, and the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein is promoted.
The extraction method of the herba spareridis extracts comprises the following steps of taking the root of the herba spareridis as a raw material, drying and crushing, performing enzymolysis water extraction, inactivating, performing centrifugal separation, filtering, and vacuum concentration to obtain a liquid herba spareridis extract, and performing vacuum drying and crushing on the liquid herba spareridis extract to obtain the powdery herba spareridis extract.
The vitamin premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000061
the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100 percent.
The vitamin premix of the invention has the function of providing additional vitamins in the feed in order to meet the healthy growth of shrimps and crabs in the molting stage. The substances cannot be synthesized by other substances or are synthesized little in animal bodies, cannot meet the needs of shrimp and crab bodies, and must be provided by feeds. Deficiency of certain vitamin will cause different deficiency symptoms, which affect the shelling, growth and immune functions of shrimps and crabs, and excessive vitamin poisoning will be caused. Especially, vitamin D and metabolites thereof can influence the absorption of calcium element in the hardening process of the shells of shrimps and crabs after shelling, so that the hardening time of new shells is long, and even the new shells cannot be hardened. The vitamin D in the invention can meet the requirement of rapid calcification after exuviation of shrimps and crabs. The vitamins selected by the invention are all vitamins with good stability and easy absorption, such as: nicotinamide bisulfite menadione, nicotinamide, etc.
The rice hull powder can better stabilize vitamin particles due to the uniformity, shape and porosity, is easy to purchase, has good adsorbability, is not easy to absorb moisture, prevents caking, has pH value close to neutral, cannot influence the valence of the vitamin, and simultaneously ensures that all vitamins are uniformly mixed in the processing process.
The vitamin premix formula is designed through an orthogonal method and a uniform design method for multiple times, the proportion of various vitamins is optimized, and the growth speed and the feed efficiency are maximized under the premise of meeting the requirements of shrimps and crabs.
The microelement premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000071
the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100 percent.
The trace element premix of the invention is used for meeting the requirements of healthy growth of shrimps and crabs. The trace elements are prosthetic groups of a plurality of enzymes and/or activators which participate in a series of biochemical processes, and the trace elements contained in the existing feed cannot meet the growth requirements of shrimps and crabs and must be added from an external source. The vitamin premix and the trace element premix meet the requirements of the shrimp and crab animals on vitamins and trace elements during quick growth, are the basis of the growth of the shrimp and crab animals, and can meet the growth requirements of the shrimp and crab animals through reasonable matching of various vitamins and trace elements.
The microelement premix formula is designed by performing experimental design through an orthogonal method and a uniform design method for multiple times, optimizes the proportion of various microelements and macroelements, and maximizes the growth speed and the feed efficiency under the precondition of meeting the requirements of shrimps and crabs.
The calcium gluconate can reduce capillary permeability, increase compactness, maintain normal excitability of nerves and muscles, enhance myocardial contractility, and contribute to bone formation. It is suitable for convulsion and magnesium poisoning due to calcium deficiency, and can be used for preventing and treating calcium deficiency. The calcium gluconate is easy to be absorbed and metabolized by shrimps and crabs, wherein calcium ions effectively accelerate hardening of carapace, and meanwhile, gluconate can enter tricarboxylic acid circulation to provide energy. The calcium gluconate can accelerate the hardening of the new shells of the shrimps and crabs after shelling, and simultaneously supplement glucose as energy.
The calcium supplement comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
38-44% of calcium carbonate;
50-55% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate;
1 to 12 percent of zeolite powder.
The shells of the shrimps and the crabs need to be hardened in time after molting, calcium element is needed in the hardening process, and calcium carbonate and monocalcium phosphate can effectively meet the calcium element needed by the shrimps and the crabs. In addition, the monocalcium phosphate contains phosphorus element, and the proper calcium-phosphorus ratio is favorable for the absorption of calcium element by shrimps and crabs, and the shelling and new shell hardening of the shrimps and crabs. The monocalcium phosphate and the calcium carbonate are added in proportion, so that the calcium loss of the shrimps and the crabs during the shelling can be supplemented in time, the calcification of new shells of the shrimps and the crabs after the shelling is promoted, the normal physiological metabolism of the shrimps and the crabs is ensured, the growth is promoted, and the survival rate of the shrimps and the crabs is improved. The zeolite powder is mainly used as a carrier and a diluent.
The immunopotentiator comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
75-80% of saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate;
l-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate 20-25%.
The preparation method of the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate comprises the following steps: taking fresh beer yeast as a raw material, squeezing to remove impurities, debitterizing, adding water, adjusting pH to 5-9, adding protease, mannase and glucanase to carry out enzymolysis wall breaking, controlling the temperature to be 40-60 ℃, keeping for 18-28h, heating to 70-90 ℃, keeping for 20-40min to inactivate the enzyme, cooling, concentrating, and spray-drying to obtain the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate.
Wherein, the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate contains 7-9% of nucleic acid, 20-35% of β -glucan and 15-20% of mannan oligosaccharide.
A lot of experiments prove that L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate plays an active role in a plurality of physiological processes of shrimp and crab growth, stress reaction, wound healing, immune reaction and the like, so as to ensure the stress resistance, quick shell repair and immunity improvement in the shrimp and crab shelling process, and the immunity and the stress resistance of the shrimp and crab in the shrimp and crab shelling stage can be effectively improved by adding L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, nucleic acid, glucan and mannan oligosaccharide.
The invention contains the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate, has good food calling effect and improves the palatability of the feed.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the compound premix for promoting the exuviation of the shrimps and the crabs, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the herba Cymbopogonis Citrari extract, vitamin premix, microelement premix, calcium gluconate, calcium supplement, immunopotentiator, and rice hull powder according to formula to obtain compound premix.
The particle size of the compound premix is 20-60 meshes, and the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5%.
Preferably, the particle size of the compound premix is 40 meshes, and the variation coefficient is less than or equal to 5 percent.
Specifically, the preparation method of the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and the crabs comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, nicotinamide anethone bisulfite, vitamin E, thiamine nitrate, riboflavin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, cyanocobalamine, nicotinamide, D-calcium pantothenate, folic acid, D-biotin, inositol and rice hull powder according to a formula to obtain the vitamin premix.
Specifically, step S1 includes:
s101, weighing 0.2-0.5% of vitamin A acetate, 0.08-0.1% of vitamin D3, 0.6-0.75% of nicotinamide-bisulphite menadione, 1.5-2% of vitamin E, 0.15-0.25% of thiamine nitrate, 0.45-0.65% of riboflavin, 0.25-0.35% of pyridoxine hydrochloride, 0.0005-0.0006% of cyanocobalamin, 1-1.5% of nicotinamide, 0.7-0.9% of D-calcium pantothenate, 0.075-0.125% of folic acid, 0.1-0.15% of D-biotin and 3.75-4.25% of inositol in parts by weight.
S102, premixing vitamin D3, thiamine nitrate, folic acid, D-biotin and 20-30% rice hull powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first premix.
S103, adding vitamin A acetate, nicotinamide anethole bisulfite, vitamin E, riboflavin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, cyanocobalamin, nicotinamide, D-calcium pantothenate and inositol into the first premix, filling the mixture with rice hull powder to 100%, and uniformly mixing to obtain the vitamin premix.
S2, mixing potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate, cobalt sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate and zeolite powder according to a formula to obtain the microelement premix.
Specifically, step S2 includes:
s201, weighing 3.6-4% of potassium chloride, 1.5-1.9% of magnesium sulfate, 0.06-0.12% of ferrous sulfate, 0.6-1% of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.5% of copper sulfate, 0.2-0.4% of manganese sulfate, 0.007-0.009% of cobalt sulfate, 0.00016-0.00032% of sodium selenite and 0.002-0.004% of calcium iodate in parts by weight.
S202, pre-mixing ferrous sulfate, cobalt sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate and 5-15% of zeolite powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second pre-mixture.
S203, adding potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and manganese sulfate into the second premix, filling zeolite powder to 100%, and uniformly mixing to obtain the trace element premix.
S3, mixing the calcium carbonate, the monocalcium phosphate and the zeolite powder according to the formula to obtain the calcium supplement.
The calcium supplement comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
38-44% of calcium carbonate;
50-55% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate;
1 to 12 percent of zeolite powder.
S4, mixing the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate and L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate according to the formula to obtain the immunopotentiator.
The immunopotentiator comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
75-80% of saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate;
l-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate 20-25%.
S5, mixing the herba Cymbopogonis Citrari extract, vitamin premix, microelement premix, calcium gluconate, calcium supplement, immunopotentiator, and rice hull powder according to a formula to obtain the compound premix.
The mixed premix comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002169460100000101
the preparation method of the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and the crabs can prepare the compound premix only by mixing the raw materials, and has the advantages of simple process and low cost.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a feed for culturing shrimps and crabs, which contains 0.5-2.0% of the compound premix for promoting the exuviation of the shrimps and crabs.
Preferably, the feed contains 0.8-1.5% of the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and crabs.
More preferably, the feed contains 1.0-1.2% of the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and crabs.
It should be noted that the percentage is a weight percentage.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
(1) The compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of herba rhodiolae extract, 20 parts of vitamin premix, 50 parts of microelement premix, 1 part of calcium gluconate, 10 parts of calcium supplement, 10 parts of immunopotentiator and 8.8 parts of rice hull powder.
Wherein the vitamin premix comprises: 10g of vitamin A acetate, 15g of vitamin D32 g, 15g of nicotinamide anethole bisulfite, 40g of vitamin E, 5g of thiamine nitrate, 13g of riboflavin, 7g of pyridoxine hydrochloride, 12mg of cyanocobalamine, 30g of nicotinamide, 18g of D-calcium pantothenate, 2.5g of folic acid, 3g of D-biotin, 85g of inositol, 1769.488g of rice hull powder, and 2000g of vitamin premix.
The microelement premix comprises: 200g of potassium chloride, 95g of magnesium sulfate, 6g of ferrous sulfate, 50g of zinc sulfate, 25g of copper sulfate, 20g of manganese sulfate, 450mg of cobalt sulfate, 16mg of sodium selenite, 200mg of calcium iodate, 4603.334g of zeolite powder and 5000g of total trace element premix.
The calcium supplement comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 44% of calcium carbonate, 50% of monocalcium phosphate and 6% of zeolite powder.
The immunopotentiator comprises the following components, by weight, 75% of saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate, and 25% of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate.
(2) A preparation method of a compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs comprises the following steps:
mixing the herba Cymbopogonis Citrari extract, vitamin premix, microelement premix, calcium gluconate, calcium supplement, immunopotentiator, and rice hull powder according to formula to obtain compound premix.
The particle size of the compound premix is 40 meshes, and the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5%.
Example 2
(1) The compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 part of herba rhodiolae extract, 20 parts of vitamin premix, 50 parts of microelement premix, 3 parts of calcium gluconate, 10 parts of calcium supplement, 10 parts of immunopotentiator and 6.6 parts of rice hull powder.
Wherein the vitamin premix comprises: 4g of vitamin A acetate, 31.6 g of vitamin D, 12g of nicotinamide-naphthoquinone bisulfite, 30g of vitamin E, 3g of thiamine nitrate, 9g of riboflavin, 5g of pyridoxine hydrochloride, 10mg of cyanocobalamine, 20g of nicotinamide, 14g of D-calcium pantothenate, 1.5g of folic acid, 2g of D-biotin, 75g of inositol, 1822.89g of rice hull powder, and 2000g of vitamin premix.
The microelement premix comprises: 180g of potassium chloride, 75g of magnesium sulfate, 3g of ferrous sulfate, 30g of zinc sulfate, 15g of copper sulfate, 10g of manganese sulfate, 350mg of cobalt sulfate, 8mg of sodium selenite, 100mg of calcium iodate, 4686.542g of zeolite powder and 5000g of total trace element premix.
The calcium supplement comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 38% of calcium carbonate, 55% of monocalcium phosphate and 7% of zeolite powder.
The immunopotentiator comprises 80% of saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate and 20% of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate.
(2) A preparation method of a compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs comprises the following steps:
mixing the herba Cymbopogonis Citrari extract, vitamin premix, microelement premix, calcium gluconate, calcium supplement, immunopotentiator, and rice hull powder according to formula to obtain compound premix.
The particle size of the compound premix is 40 meshes, and the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5%.
Example 3
(1) The compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3 part of herba rhodiolae extract, 20 parts of vitamin premix, 50 parts of microelement premix, 2 parts of calcium gluconate, 10 parts of calcium supplement, 10 parts of immunopotentiator and 7.7 parts of rice hull powder.
Wherein the vitamin premix comprises: 7g of vitamin A acetate, 31.8 g of vitamin D, 13.5g of nicotinamide anethole bisulfite, 35g of vitamin E, 4g of thiamine nitrate, 11g of riboflavin, 6g of pyridoxine hydrochloride, 11mg of cyanocobalamine, 25g of nicotinamide, 16g of D-calcium pantothenate, 2g of folic acid, 2.5g of D-biotin, 80g of inositol, 1796.189g of rice hull powder, and 2000g of vitamin premix.
The microelement premix comprises: 190g of potassium chloride, 80g of magnesium sulfate, 4.5g of ferrous sulfate, 40g of zinc sulfate, 20g of copper sulfate, 15g of manganese sulfate, 400mg of cobalt sulfate, 12mg of sodium selenite, 150mg of calcium iodate, 4649.938g of zeolite powder and 5000g of total trace element premix.
The calcium supplement comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 38% of calcium carbonate, 50% of monocalcium phosphate and 12% of zeolite powder.
The immunopotentiator comprises the following components, by weight, 75% of saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate, and 25% of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate.
(2) A preparation method of a compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs comprises the following steps:
mixing the herba Cymbopogonis Citrari extract, vitamin premix, microelement premix, calcium gluconate, calcium supplement, immunopotentiator, and rice hull powder according to formula to obtain compound premix.
The particle size of the compound premix is 40 meshes, and the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5%.
In order to verify the effect of the present invention, commercial feed group a, feed group B to which 1% of the compound premix of example 1 of the present invention was added, feed group C to which 1% of the compound premix of example 2 of the present invention was added, and feed group D to which 1% of the compound premix of example 3 of the present invention was added were used, and a comparative test was performed. The test is carried out in a recirculating aquaculture system, 4 feeds are set in the test, each feed is repeated for 4 times, and each feed is bred for 60 days after 40 litopenaeus vannamei boone (0.845 +/-0.007 g) are repeated. And after the test is finished, the growth index and the blood non-specific immunity index of the fanabine of each test group are measured. Test results show that the growth performance of the litopenaeus vannamei can be effectively improved, the survival rate is improved, and the feed coefficient is reduced by adding the compound premix for promoting the exuviation of the shrimps and the crabs into the feed.
Table 1 feed additive of Litopenaeus vannamei growth index (M + -SE) fed by different embodiments of the invention
Feed numbering Weight gain (%) Survival rate (%) Coefficient of feed
A 790.62±3.61a 88.75±1.61a 1.05±0.03a
B 819.56±6.90b 95.00±1.02b 0.93±0.03b
C 817.38±6.94b 98.13±1.20b 0.94±0.02b
D 827.94±8.24b 96.88±1.20b 0.87±0.02b
Note: the different letters in the same column data indicate significant difference (P <0.05)
TABLE 2 feed additive for the non-specific immune index (M + -SE) of Litopenaeus vannamei serum raised according to different embodiments of the present invention
Figure BDA0002169460100000131
Note: the different letters in the same column data indicate significant difference (P <0.05)
TABLE 3 two molting periods (M + -SE) for Litopenaeus vannamei added to the feed of the invention
Feed numbering Two molting cycles (h)
A 260.63±1.29c
B 245.75±0.75b
C 247.38±1.15b
D 239.88±1.54a
Note: 1. the test is to independently observe 2 molting cycles of the independent individuals of the litopenaeus vannamei.
2. The different letters in the same column data indicate significant difference (P <0.05)
From the 3 tables, the compound premix added in the feed for the litopenaeus vannamei can obviously improve the weight gain rate and the survival rate of the litopenaeus vannamei, obviously reduce the feed coefficient (P <0.05), improve the total oxidation resistance, the activity of superoxide dismutase and phenol oxidase and enhance the nonspecific immunity function; the addition of the invention can obviously shorten the molting period of the litopenaeus vannamei, thereby promoting the growth speed of the litopenaeus vannamei.
In conclusion, the invention can improve the problems of soft shell, abnormal molting, hard shell, long molting time, high feed coefficient and the like in the shrimp and crab culture process, effectively improve the survival rate of the shrimps and crabs, enhance the immunity and the anti-stress capability of the organisms of the shrimps and crabs, effectively shorten the molting period and improve the growth performance of the shrimps and crabs.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and the crabs is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0002169460090000011
2. the compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the herba eriocauli extract contains 45-55% of ecdysone.
3. The compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extraction method of the herba phyllanthi urinaria extract comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the steps of taking the root of the herba rhodiolae as a raw material, drying, crushing, performing enzymolysis and water extraction, inactivating, performing centrifugal separation, filtering, and vacuum concentrating to obtain a liquid herba rhodiolae extract, and performing vacuum drying and crushing on the liquid herba rhodiolae extract to obtain a powdery herba rhodiolae extract.
4. The compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vitamin premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure FDA0002169460090000012
Figure FDA0002169460090000021
the balance of rice hull powder;
the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100 percent.
5. The compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microelement premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure FDA0002169460090000022
the rest is zeolite powder;
the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100 percent.
6. The compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcium supplement comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
38-44% of calcium carbonate;
50-55% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate;
1 to 12 percent of zeolite powder.
7. The compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the immunopotentiator comprises the following components by weight percent:
75-80% of saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate;
l-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate 20-25%.
8. The compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs as claimed in claim 7, wherein the preparation method of the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate comprises the following steps:
squeezing fresh cerevisiae Fermentum as raw material, removing impurities, debitterizing, adding water, adjusting pH to 5-9, adding protease, mannase, and glucanase, performing enzymolysis for breaking cell wall, controlling temperature at 40-60 deg.C for 18-28h, heating to 70-90 deg.C, maintaining for 20-40min to inactivate enzyme, cooling, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate;
wherein, the saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate contains 7-9% of nucleic acid, 20-35% of β -glucan and 15-20% of mannan oligosaccharide.
9. The preparation method of the compound premix for promoting the molting of the shrimps and the crabs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing the herba Cymbopogonis Citrari extract, vitamin premix, microelement premix, calcium gluconate, calcium supplement, immunopotentiator, and rice hull powder according to formula to obtain compound premix;
the particle size of the compound premix is 20-60 meshes, and the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5%.
10. A feed for breeding shrimps and crabs, which contains 0.5 to 2.0% of the compound premix for promoting the molting of shrimps and crabs as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN201910758300.9A 2019-08-16 2019-08-16 Compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and feed thereof Pending CN111493217A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910758300.9A CN111493217A (en) 2019-08-16 2019-08-16 Compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and feed thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910758300.9A CN111493217A (en) 2019-08-16 2019-08-16 Compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and feed thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111493217A true CN111493217A (en) 2020-08-07

Family

ID=71848112

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910758300.9A Pending CN111493217A (en) 2019-08-16 2019-08-16 Compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and feed thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111493217A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112655846A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-16 长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司 Organic trace element compound bag for shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and application of organic trace element compound bag
CN113519724A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-10-22 章荣彬 Shrimp and crab growth promoter and preparation method thereof
CN116268193A (en) * 2023-04-17 2023-06-23 广东信豚生物科技有限公司 Composition for promoting growth and shelling of shrimps and crabs and preparation method thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101756026A (en) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-30 天津瑞贝特科技发展有限公司 Nutrient composition for enhancing shell hardening speed of shrimp and crab, preparation method and application thereof
CN102351936A (en) * 2011-09-08 2012-02-15 南京泽朗医药科技有限公司 Method for extracting ecdysterone from plant
CN107361241A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-11-21 佛山市信豚生物科技有限公司 Aquatic livestock hepatoprotective and preparation method thereof and feed, health products
CN107996882A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-08 无锡华诺威动物保健品有限公司 One seed shrimp crab special feed premix and its preparation method and application
CN108323619A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-07-27 珠海联鲲生物科技有限公司 A kind of additive and its application for Eriocheir sinensis health care growth promoting
CN109315606A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-02-12 青岛安特斯生物制药有限公司 A kind of replenish the calcium solution and its preparation and application for aquaculture

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101756026A (en) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-30 天津瑞贝特科技发展有限公司 Nutrient composition for enhancing shell hardening speed of shrimp and crab, preparation method and application thereof
CN102351936A (en) * 2011-09-08 2012-02-15 南京泽朗医药科技有限公司 Method for extracting ecdysterone from plant
CN107361241A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-11-21 佛山市信豚生物科技有限公司 Aquatic livestock hepatoprotective and preparation method thereof and feed, health products
CN107996882A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-08 无锡华诺威动物保健品有限公司 One seed shrimp crab special feed premix and its preparation method and application
CN108323619A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-07-27 珠海联鲲生物科技有限公司 A kind of additive and its application for Eriocheir sinensis health care growth promoting
CN109315606A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-02-12 青岛安特斯生物制药有限公司 A kind of replenish the calcium solution and its preparation and application for aquaculture

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112655846A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-16 长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司 Organic trace element compound bag for shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and application of organic trace element compound bag
CN112655846B (en) * 2020-12-25 2023-10-31 长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司 Organic trace element composite package for shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN113519724A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-10-22 章荣彬 Shrimp and crab growth promoter and preparation method thereof
CN116268193A (en) * 2023-04-17 2023-06-23 广东信豚生物科技有限公司 Composition for promoting growth and shelling of shrimps and crabs and preparation method thereof
CN116268193B (en) * 2023-04-17 2023-11-03 广东信豚生物科技有限公司 Composition for promoting growth and shelling of shrimps and crabs and preparation method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111493217A (en) Compound premix for promoting exuviation of shrimps and crabs as well as preparation method and feed thereof
CN101978859A (en) Formula of macrobrachium nipponense feed and method for preparing macrobrachium nipponense compound feed from macrobrachium nipponense feed
CN102090540B (en) Wenchang chicken feed containing corn starch and preparation method thereof
CN106376778A (en) Turbot fry starter feed formula
CN107927458B (en) Immunity-enhanced penaeus vannamei feed and preparation method thereof
CN103349156B (en) Oligopeptide-rich powder-type compound feed for anguilla marmorata
CN103431222A (en) Piglet&#39;s mixed feed composition using dephenolized cottonseed protein
CN107744053A (en) A kind of Parent Female of Macrobrachium rosenbergii resisting stress promotees breeding pellet and preparation method thereof
WO2022127243A1 (en) Cherax quadricarinatus fish meal-free compound feed and preparation method therefor
CN107319211A (en) A kind of hirudinaria manillensis young perfect compound feed and preparation method thereof
CN113080339A (en) Special compound feed for industrial aquaculture of penaeus monodon
CN104472869A (en) Mushroom bran protein biological feed additive and preparation method thereof
CN109645259B (en) Procambarus clarkii all-plant protein source compound feed and application thereof
CN109170328B (en) Compound feed for cage-rearing laying ducks and preparation method thereof
CN114223808A (en) Penaeus vannamei feed prepared from multiple strains and preparation method and application thereof
CN109497351A (en) A kind of functional fish meal and preparation method thereof based on selenium-rich chlorella
CN108850725A (en) A kind of environment-friendly type jewfish expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof that attractant is good
CN109497275A (en) A kind of feed improving laying hen quality of egg
CN117223799A (en) Broiler feed capable of improving feed conversion ratio of broiler and preparation method of broiler feed
CN104757254A (en) Green and healthy treatment agent for new loach feed
CN112293615A (en) Overwintering feed for golden pomfret and preparation and culture method thereof
CN106387512A (en) Puffing feed for silvery pomfret fingerlings and preparation method of puffing feed
CN110892953A (en) Compound feed for micropterus salmoides and preparation method thereof
CN103250890A (en) Nutritional forage for mutton sheep, and preparation method thereof
CN112314811A (en) Feed for juvenile Penaeus vannamei Boone and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20200807