CN111489853B - Low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler - Google Patents
Low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler Download PDFInfo
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- CN111489853B CN111489853B CN202010228054.9A CN202010228054A CN111489853B CN 111489853 B CN111489853 B CN 111489853B CN 202010228054 A CN202010228054 A CN 202010228054A CN 111489853 B CN111489853 B CN 111489853B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cable filler preparation, and particularly discloses a low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler. The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler comprises the following components in parts by weight: clay, ceramic powder, fluxing agent, flame retardant, inorganic filler and softener. The cable filler has low preparation cost; the cable prepared from the flame-retardant cable material has excellent flame retardance, fire resistance and insulativity; in particular, the material is not solidified, the hardness is low, and the laying and the installation are easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable filler preparation, in particular to a low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler.
Background
At present, a plurality of traditional various fireproof cable fillers are provided, and the fillers mainly comprise three types of flame-retardant filling ropes, ceramic polyolefin or silicon rubber and inorganic mineral ceramic filling mud. Conventional materials suffer from a number of disadvantages. For example, the flame-retardant filling rope is the cheapest but has the worst fireproof performance, and the produced cable product can hardly meet the requirements of fireproof products.
The invention patent CN110437529A provides a low-heat-release high-caking low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin oxygen-insulating material, which comprises Yihuaping rubber and ceramic master batches, and is matched with inorganic materials such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and the like as flame retardants, has better flame retardant performance and higher price, is mainly used for an oxygen-insulating layer of a cable, and greatly improves the cost of the cable because the outer diameter of the cable is increased by the oxygen-insulating layer.
The invention patent CN105632592A provides an inorganic mineral ceramic fireproof fire-resistant oxygen-insulating filling mud composition which has better fireproof performance and lower price, but has several fatal defects: on one hand, the material contains a large amount of moisture, so that the insulation resistance of the cable is easily reduced remarkably, and the insulation resistance of the cable is unqualified; on the other hand, the material is of a curing type, and the material is cured and hardened after a period of time after the cable is produced, so that great difficulty is brought to the laying and installation of the cable. At present, the material is basically stopped in various cable production enterprises, so that a high-quality and low-cost fireproof cable filling material is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler with low cost price, flame retardance and insulating property.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filling material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: clay, ceramic powder, fluxing agent, flame retardant, inorganic filler and softener.
The inventor finds that the cable filler prepared from the raw materials has lower cost through a large amount of experimental researches; and the cable prepared from the flame-retardant cable material has excellent flame retardance, fire resistance and insulativity, and is easy to lay and install.
Preferably, the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 10-20 parts of ceramic powder; 5-10 parts of a fluxing agent; 5-20 parts of a flame retardant; 100 portions and 200 portions of inorganic filler; 20-50 parts of a softener.
Further preferably, the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 12-18 parts of vitrified powder; 6-8 parts of a fluxing agent; 5-10 parts of a flame retardant; 180 portions of inorganic filler; and 30-45 parts of a softener.
Preferably, the clay is selected from one or more of kaolin, montmorillonite, quartz and feldspar.
Preferably, the ceramic powder is selected from any one or a mixture of more than two of powdery calcite, ulexite, borax, ascharite, ammonium borate, zinc borate and boron clinker.
Preferably, the fluxing agent is selected from any one or a mixture of more than two of glass powder, boron oxide and zinc borate.
Preferably, the flame retardant is selected from any one or a mixture of more than two of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and microencapsulated red phosphorus.
Preferably, the filler is selected from talc or/and calcium carbonate.
Preferably, the softener is selected from any one or a mixture of more than two of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS).
In research, the inventor finds that although the cable filler prepared by clay, ceramic powder and inorganic filler has lower cost, the produced cable filler is hard without adding a softening agent, which brings great difficulty to the laying and installation of cables, and the cable filler can not be applied if the problem is not solved. However, the cable filler of the present invention uses clay, porcelain powder and inorganic filler as main raw materials; the inventor finds in research that not all softening agents can soften cable fillers prepared by using clay, vitrified powder and inorganic filler as main raw materials; the choice of softening agent must be suitable for the mixing of clay, china powder and inorganic filler. The inventor researches a lot of researches to find that dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS) have softening effect on cable fillers prepared by taking clay, ceramic powder and inorganic filler as main raw materials, wherein the softening effect of the dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and the dioctyl adipate (DOA) is greater than that of the dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and the dibutyl sebacate (DBS).
Further preferably, the softener consists of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS).
Preferably, the softener consists of 1: 2-4: 2 dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS).
Most preferably, the softener is prepared from the following components in a weight ratio of 1: 3: 2 dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS).
Further studies by the inventors have shown that the softening agent consisting of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS) has the best softening effect on clay, porcelain powder and inorganic filler, which is greater than that of any one softening agent used alone, and is also superior to that of any two or three softening agents mixed together. Particularly, the weight ratio of 1: 3: 2 dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS) are the best softening.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler, which comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the clay, the ceramic powder, the fluxing agent, the flame retardant, the inorganic filler and the softening agent in a closed stirrer to obtain the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a brand-new preparation method of a cable filler; the cable filler has low preparation cost; the cable prepared from the flame-retardant cable material has excellent flame retardance, fire resistance and insulativity; in particular, the material is not solidified, the hardness is low, and the laying and the installation are easy.
Detailed Description
The present invention is explained below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited in any way by the examples. The raw material components in the following examples are all conventional raw material components; those skilled in the art are commercially available.
Example 1
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 12 parts of vitrified powder; 6 parts of a fluxing agent; 18 parts of a flame retardant; 180 parts of inorganic filler; 45 parts of a softener;
the clay is selected from kaolin; the ceramic powder is calcite powder; the fluxing agent is selected from boron oxide; the flame retardant is selected from magnesium hydroxide; the inorganic filler is selected from talcum powder; the softener is selected from dioctyl phthalate (DOP).
The preparation method comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the clay, the ceramic powder, the fluxing agent, the flame retardant, the inorganic filler and the softening agent in a closed stirrer to obtain the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler.
The cost of the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler prepared by the embodiment is about 1/4 of ceramic polyolefin, the oxygen index of the material is 55, and the hardness is 65A; the filler is applied to a cable as a sample, and a class A bundled combustion test and a fire resistance test are carried out according to GB/T19666-2005, and the measured results are as follows: the insulation resistance constant at 90 ℃ is 1264M omega.km, the maximum carbonization height is 0.99M, the combustion extinguishing time is 0.1h, and the conductivity is 0.31 mu s/mm.
Example 2
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 15 parts of vitrified powder; 8 parts of a fluxing agent; 10 parts of a flame retardant; 150 parts of an inorganic filler; 30 parts of a softener;
the clay is selected from montmorillonite; the ceramic powder is selected from borax squaraine; the fluxing agent is selected from zinc borate; the flame retardant is selected from aluminum hydroxide; the inorganic filler is selected from calcium carbonate; the softener is selected from dioctyl phthalate (DOP).
The preparation method comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the clay, the ceramic powder, the fluxing agent, the flame retardant, the inorganic filler and the softening agent in a closed stirrer to obtain the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler.
The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler prepared by the embodiment is 1/4 of ceramic polyolefin, has the material oxygen index of 60 and the hardness of 68A, is applied to a cable as a sample, and is subjected to class A bundled combustion test and fire resistance test according to GB/T19666-2005, and the measured results are as follows: the insulation resistance constant at 90 ℃ is 939 MOmega km, the maximum carbonization height is 0.72M, the combustion extinguishing time is 0.1h, and the conductivity is 0.40 mu s/mm.
Example 3
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 18 parts of vitrified powder; 10 parts of a fluxing agent; 5 parts of a flame retardant; 120 parts of an inorganic filler; 20 parts of a softener;
the clay is selected from quartz powder; the ceramic powder is selected from ulexite powder; the fluxing agent is selected from zinc borate; the flame retardant is selected from microcapsule red phosphorus; the inorganic filler is selected from talcum powder; the softener is selected from dioctyl adipate (DOA).
The preparation method comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the clay, the ceramic powder, the fluxing agent, the flame retardant, the inorganic filler and the softening agent in a closed stirrer to obtain the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler.
The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler prepared in the embodiment is 1/4 of ceramic polyolefin, has a material oxygen index of 63 and hardness of 69A, is applied to a cable as a sample, is subjected to a class A bundled combustion test and a fire resistance test according to GB/T19666-2005, and has the following measured results: the insulation resistance constant at 90 ℃ is 806 MOmega km, the maximum carbonization height is 0.86M, the combustion extinguishing time is 0.1h, and the conductivity is 0.36 mu s/mm.
Example 4
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 12 parts of vitrified powder; 6 parts of a fluxing agent; 18 parts of a flame retardant; 180 parts of inorganic filler; 45 parts of a softener;
the clay is selected from kaolin; the ceramic powder is calcite powder; the fluxing agent is selected from boron oxide; the flame retardant is selected from magnesium hydroxide; the inorganic filler is selected from talcum powder; the softener is selected from dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dioctyl adipate (DOA) according to the weight ratio of 1: 3, and (3) mixing.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the clay, the ceramic powder, the fluxing agent, the flame retardant, the inorganic filler and the softening agent in a closed stirrer to obtain the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler.
The cost of the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler prepared by the embodiment is about 1/4 of ceramic polyolefin, the oxygen index of the material is 55, and the hardness is 63A; the filler is applied to a cable as a sample, and a class A bundled combustion test and a fire resistance test are carried out according to GB/T19666-2005, and the measured results are as follows: the insulation resistance constant at 90 ℃ is 1258 MOmega km, the maximum carbonization height is 0.91M, the combustion extinguishing time is 0.1h, and the conductivity is 0.30 mu s/mm.
Example 4 differs from example 1 in the choice of softening agent; the softener of example 4 was selected from dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dioctyl adipate (DOA) in a weight ratio of 1: 3, and (3) mixing. As can be seen from the hardness of the filler, the softening effect of the mixed softener consisting of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dioctyl adipate (DOA) is not significantly improved as compared to the softening effect of the mixed softener consisting of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) alone.
Example 5
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 12 parts of vitrified powder; 6 parts of a fluxing agent; 18 parts of a flame retardant; 180 parts of inorganic filler; 40 parts of a softening agent;
the clay is selected from kaolin; the ceramic powder is calcite powder; the fluxing agent is selected from boron oxide; the flame retardant is selected from magnesium hydroxide; the inorganic filler is selected from talcum powder; the softening agent is selected from dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS) in a weight ratio of 1: 3: 2, and (2).
The preparation method comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the clay, the ceramic powder, the fluxing agent, the flame retardant, the inorganic filler and the softening agent in a closed stirrer to obtain the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler.
The cost of the low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler prepared by the embodiment is about 1/4 of ceramic polyolefin, the oxygen index of the material is 57, and the hardness is 54A; the filler is applied to a cable as a sample, and a class A bundled combustion test and a fire resistance test are carried out according to GB/T19666-2005, and the measured results are as follows: the insulation resistance constant at 90 ℃ is 1221M omega km, the maximum carbonization height is 0.89M, the combustion extinguishing time is 0.1h, and the conductivity is 0.33 mu s/mm.
Example 5 differs from examples 1 and 4 in the choice of softening agent and in the reduced amount; the softener of example 5 was selected from dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS) in a weight ratio of 1: 3: 2, and (2). As can be seen from the hardness of the filler, the filler is prepared from dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS) in a weight ratio of 1: 3: 2 which is more excellent in softening effect than a mixed softener consisting of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) alone as a softener or dioctyl phthalate (DOA); the method is characterized in that the mixed solution is prepared by mixing dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS) in a weight ratio of 1: 3: 2, which can achieve better softening effect with less dosage.
Claims (8)
1. The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filling material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: clay, ceramic powder, fluxing agent, flame retardant, inorganic filler and softener;
the softening agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight of 1: 2-4: 2 dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate and dibutyl sebacate.
2. The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 10-20 parts of ceramic powder; 5-10 parts of a fluxing agent; 5-20 parts of a flame retardant; 100 portions and 200 portions of inorganic filler; 20-50 parts of a softener.
3. The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of clay; 12-18 parts of vitrified powder; 6-8 parts of a fluxing agent; 5-10 parts of a flame retardant; 180 portions of inorganic filler; and 30-45 parts of a softener.
4. The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramicized fireproof cable filler according to claim 1, wherein the clay is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of kaolin, montmorillonite, quartz and feldspar.
5. The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramicized fireproof cable filler according to claim 1, wherein the ceramicized powder is selected from the group consisting of powdered calcite, sodium borolitite, borax, boromagnesite, ammonium borate, zinc borate and boron frits, in any one or a mixture of two or more thereof.
6. The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramicized fireproof cable filler according to claim 1, wherein the flux is selected from any one or a mixture of two or more of glass powder, boron oxide and zinc borate.
7. The low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is selected from magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and microencapsulated red phosphorus.
8. The low cost anhydrous flexible ceramicized fire rated cable filler according to claim 1 wherein the inorganic filler is selected from talc and/or calcium carbonate.
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| CN202010228054.9A CN111489853B (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler |
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| CN202010228054.9A CN111489853B (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Low-cost anhydrous flexible ceramic fireproof cable filler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0824134A1 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1998-02-18 | Tosoh Corporation | Fire-retardant tablet, fire-retardant polymer composition and molded article employing the same |
| CN104650441B (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2017-10-17 | 四川大学 | One kind can ceramic flame-retardant high-molecular composite and application |
| CN105348627A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-24 | 苏州希普拉斯新材料有限公司 | Ceramifying polyolefin fireproof cable material |
| CN105367922B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-07-13 | 河南乐山电缆有限公司 | The natural-crosslinked rubber material of environmental protection and energy saving and its production method |
| CN105632592A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-01 | 陶铠高分子材料（上海）科技中心 | Inorganic mineral substance ceramic fireproof, fire-resistant and oxygen-isolating filling mud composition |
| CN105968820B (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2021-10-29 | 沈兴线缆集团有限公司 | High-insulation-resistance high-temperature-resistant ceramic rubber for heating cable and preparation method thereof |
| CN106024138B (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-04-13 | 江苏亨通线缆科技有限公司 | The soft resist bending cable of smart machine |
| CN108550413B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-09-06 | 青岛胶州电缆有限公司 | The soft electric control cable of flame-proof crosslinked polyethylene insulation shielding and its production technology |
| CN108715653B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2020-05-19 | 潍坊硕邑化学有限公司 | Flame-retardant and weather-resistant heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof |
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