CN111487331B - 一种针对环境样品中微量尼龙6和尼龙66的定量检测方法 - Google Patents

一种针对环境样品中微量尼龙6和尼龙66的定量检测方法 Download PDF

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CN111487331B
CN111487331B CN201910088486.1A CN201910088486A CN111487331B CN 111487331 B CN111487331 B CN 111487331B CN 201910088486 A CN201910088486 A CN 201910088486A CN 111487331 B CN111487331 B CN 111487331B
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nylon
acid
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aminocaproic acid
adipic acid
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汪磊
彭楚
唐雪娇
孙红文
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Nankai University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种针对环境样品如室内灰尘、污泥、降尘、食品、沉积物、土壤和生物样品中微量尼龙6和尼龙66的定量检测方法。先将环境样品中尼龙6和尼龙66在酸性水相加压环境中解聚,再分离回收其单体氨基己酸和己二酸,通过高效液相色谱串联质谱定量检测反应前后单体质量浓度,再通过公式回溯计算出样品中尼龙6和尼龙66的原始质量百分浓度。此方法可普遍应用于如室内灰尘、污泥、降尘、食品、沉积物、土壤和生物样品,应用广泛;能够定量检测到将环境样品中微量(最低可至0.1mg/kg)的尼龙6和尼龙66;在硫酸加热处理前无需任何特殊处理;使用加压、高温和40%硫酸液相的反应条件能够大大的减少反应时间。

Description

一种针对环境样品中微量尼龙6和尼龙66的定量检测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及环境监测技术领域,尤其涉及一种针对如室内灰尘、污泥、降尘、食品、沉积物和土壤中微量尼龙6和尼龙66的定量检测方法。
背景技术
微塑料(Microplastics,简称MPs)是新兴的环境污染物,全球每年塑料的产量约为3亿吨,而其中大约10%的塑料最终将破碎成微塑料进入环境。而由于大多数种类微塑料的难降解性,大量的微塑料可能保留积累在自然环境中。目前对于微塑料的检测方法主要针对其物理和形态特征使用一些如显微红外和拉曼光谱等显微镜检测和光谱技术,而定量方法只能通过计数量化,而且检测前需要将样品中微塑料预先分离,这就造成了更大的系统误差。聚酰胺(Polyamide,PA)俗称尼龙(Nylon),是目前工业中广泛应用的一种工程塑料和纤维材料,而其中又以PA6(Polyamide 6)和PA66(Polyamide 6,6)应用最为广泛,其世界年产量分别达到了430万吨和340万吨。在对环境中微塑料的检测时,PA6和PA66常常被检测到,但不同环境样品中PA6和PA66的浓度无法定量检测。因此,开发一种能够定量的检测微量的PA6和PA66,且能够应用于不同的环境样品的方法是十分有必要的。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种针对不同环境样品中微量PA6和PA66的定量检测方法。先将环境样品中PA6和PA66在酸性水相环境中解聚,再分离回收其单体氨基己酸和己二酸,通过高效液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS)定量检测反应后体系中氨基己酸和己二酸浓度与反应前样品中氨基己酸、己内酰胺和己二酸质量,再通过公式计算出原样品中PA6和PA66的质量浓度。
本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明的针对不同环境样品中微量PA6和PA66的定量检测方法具体步骤如下:
(1)将0.1g样品置于反应釜中,加入20mL硫酸,并加热处理0.5h-2h;
(2)将(1)中反应后的酸性液体自然冷却后全部移出,与40mL超纯水混合,用5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至2后,再用超纯水定容至80mL,取其中10mL通过SCX固相萃取小柱萃取回收氨基己酸,另取500μl与3mL色谱级乙酸乙酯混合萃取己二酸,涡旋30s,离心取上层清液并重复两次,使用氮吹仪将合并的上清液吹干后,加入1mL超纯水将样品复溶;
(3)使用高效液相色谱串联质谱分别测定(2)中回收的氨基己酸浓度和己二酸浓度,并测定已用40mL超纯水溶解的环境样品中原始氨基己酸、己内酰胺和己二酸的浓度;
(4)利用公式计算环境样品中PA6和PA66的浓度。
步骤(1)中,所述环境样品为室内灰尘、污泥、降尘、食品、沉积物和土壤。
步骤(1)中,反应釜反应温度条件为160℃-200℃,硫酸浓度为30%-45%。
步骤(4)中计算公式分别为
Figure GSB0000199021520000021
Figure GSB0000199021520000022
WPA6和WPA66分别为环境样品中PA6和PA66的质量百分浓度;
W氨基己酸1和W己二酸1分别为解聚后体系中氨基己酸和己二酸的质量浓度;
W氨基己酸0、W己内酰胺0和W己二酸0分别为解聚前体系中氨基己酸、己内酰胺和己二酸的质量浓度;
M1、M2和M3分别为氨基己酸与己内酰胺摩尔质量比、氨基己酸与PA6单体的摩尔质量比和己二酸与PA66单体的摩尔质量比;
V0和m0分别为反应液相体系的体积和样品原始质量。
本发明的积极效果如下:
此方法可普遍应用于室内灰尘、污泥、降尘、食品、沉积物和土壤等环境样品,应用广泛;能够定量检测到将环境样品中微量(最低可至0.1mg/kg)的PA6和PA66;在硫酸加热处理前无需任何特殊处理;使用加压、高温和40%硫酸液相的反应条件能够大大的减少反应时间,且保证解聚接近完全;利用解聚后单体的质量浓度通过物质之间的摩尔质量比计算样品中PA6和PA66质量百分浓度,定量准确。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例是对本发明的进一步详细描述。
实例1:灰尘样品中PA6和PA66的定量检测
取一份0.1g灰尘样品加入高温反应釜,加入20mL浓度为40%的硫酸,在180℃的温度下加热1h。将反应后混合液体自然冷却后全部移出,并定量至40mL。取10mL调节pH至2,且稀释至20mL,再从中取10mL使用SCX固相萃取小柱萃取PA6单体氨基己酸;再取500μL,加入3mL色谱级乙酸乙酯,涡旋30s后离心取上层清液,重复两次,使用氮吹仪吹干后加入1mL超纯水溶解,从而萃取回收PA66单体己二酸。使用高效液相色谱串联质谱分别定量测定体系中氨基己酸和己二酸浓度,再称取0.1g样品用40mL超纯水溶解测得初始氨基己酸、己内酰胺和己二酸的浓度,根据公式计算出PA6和PA66的含量为223.13mg/kg和115.73mg/kg。

Claims (6)

1.一种针对不同环境样品中微量PA6和PA66的定量检测方法,其特征在于,将环境样品直接在硫酸体系中进行酸化热解聚处理,使环境样品中的微量PA6和PA66解聚为氨基己酸和己二酸单体,通过测定解聚前后体系中功能单体氨基己酸、己内酰胺和己二酸的浓度差异,利用公式回溯计算环境样品中PA6和PA66的浓度,具体步骤如下:
(1)将0.1g环境样品置于反应釜中,加入20mL硫酸,并加热处理0.5h-2h;
(2)将(1)中反应后的酸性液体自然冷却后全部移出,与40mL超纯水混合,用5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至2后,再用超纯水定容至80mL,取其中10mL通过SCX固相萃取小柱萃取回收氨基己酸,另取500μL与3mL色谱级乙酸乙酯混合涡旋30s,离心取上层清液并重复两次,使用氮吹仪将合并上清液吹干后,加入1mL超纯水复溶;(3)使用高效液相色谱串联质谱分别测定(2)中回收的氨基己酸浓度和己二酸浓度,并测定已用40mL超纯水溶解的环境样品中原始氨基己酸、己内酰胺和己二酸的浓度;(4)利用公式计算环境样品中PA6和PA66的原始浓度;
计算公式分别为
Figure FSB0000199021510000011
Figure FSB0000199021510000012
WPA6和WPA66分别为环境样品中PA6和PA66的质量百分浓度;
W氨基己酸1和W己二酸1分别为解聚后体系中氨基己酸和己二酸质量浓度;
W氨基己酸0、W己内酰胺0和W己二酸0分别为解聚前体系中氨基己酸、己内酰胺和己二酸的质量浓度;
M1、M2和M3分别为氨基己酸与己内酰胺摩尔质量比、氨基己酸与PA6单体的摩尔质量比和己二酸与PA66单体的摩尔质量比;
V0和m0分别为反应液相体系的体积和样品原始质量。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种针对不同环境样品中微量PA6和PA66的定量检测方法,其特征在于:所述环境样品为室内灰尘、污泥、降尘、食品、沉积物、土壤、生物组织和动物粪便。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种针对不同环境样品中微量PA6和PA66的定量检测方法,其特征在于:所述微量为最低质量百分浓度可至0.1mg/kg。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种针对不同环境样品中微量PA6和PA66的定量检测方法,其特征在于:所述环境样品在硫酸加热处理前无需任何特殊处理。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种针对不同环境样品中微量PA6和PA66的定量检测方法,其特征在于:所述硫酸浓度为30%-45%。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种针对不同环境样品中微量PA6和PA66的定量检测方法,其特征在于:所述反应釜反应温度条件为160℃-200℃。
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