CN111485824A

CN111485824A - Vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine and using method

Info

Publication number: CN111485824A
Application number: CN202010456044.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李银佩
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-05-26
Filing date: 2020-05-26
Publication date: 2020-08-04

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machinery, in particular to a vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine and a using method thereof. The method comprises the following steps that a skid-mounted vehicle-mounted driving system is mounted; an electric motor reducer driving walking system; the slide way replaces a drilling tower mechanism; a top drive mechanism; the automatic feeding mechanism is used for adjusting the grabbing displacement of the drill rod; and connecting the top drive with the track. The structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the practicability is strong; the engine is changed into a turbo generator set, and the natural gas is 30% cheaper than diesel oil. The automatic manipulator replaces the traditional labor force, and can save 50% of the labor wage. The drilling rig has the advantages of convenient relocation, high automation degree and low operation cost compared with the traditional drilling rig.

Description

Vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine and using method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machinery, in particular to a vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine and a using method thereof.

Background

The prior art has complex structure, low durability, high cost and low practicability.

The original drill rod needs a great deal of manpower assistance for replacement; people are required to go to the site for replacement, and the first material is inconvenient to transport; the second operation is extremely difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to provide a vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine with better effect and a using method thereof, the specific purpose is to see a plurality of substantial technical effects of the specific implementation part.

The vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine is characterized in that one or more of the following parts are arranged on a vehicle-mounted platform;

skid-mounted vehicle-mounted driving system: the proper electric power is provided for driving the electric reducer through the speed regulation and the air supply quantity of the steam turbine generator unit; the skid-mounted vehicle-mounted driving system comprises a power part and an electric reducer (101), wherein the electric reducer (101) can drive a driving front transmission shaft (104) to rotate, further drives a plurality of wheels to rotate through a chain wheel (102) connected with a pair, and further drives the skid-mounted vehicle to realize the steering actions of driving forward and backward with zero radius;

a top drive mechanism: the top driving mechanism comprises a support (201), a wheel axle frame for mounting a wheel axle (202) is fixed on the support (201), and the wheel axle (202) comprises a driven pulley block (203); the driven pulley comprises a pulley groove, and the steel wire rope can drive the movable pulley block (203) to rotate so as to further drive the support (201) to lift; a frame shell (224) is arranged below the bracket (201); the frame shell (224) is provided with upper and lower bearing cover plates and a bearing, and also comprises a rotator driving drill rod (212) passing through the bearing, and a conversion joint (213) is arranged below the rotator driving drill rod (212); a flange on the rotating body driving drill rod (212) is fixed with a large gear (214); the large gear (214) is meshed with the power gear (209), the power of the power gear (209) is provided by the oil motor (210), and the other end of the power gear (209) is supported by the bearing and the bearing seat (208);

connect single drilling rod that connects of root to snatch displacement guiding mechanism: the single-joint drill rod grabbing displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a drill rod grabbing displacement adjusting structure, the drill rod grabbing displacement adjusting structure comprises a grabbing part, the grabbing part comprises a grabbing hand (12), the grabbing hand (12) comprises a movable grabbing hand (13) and a fixed grabbing hand (14) which are hinged with each other, the movable grabbing hand (13) and the fixed grabbing hand (14) can rotate around a hinged shaft relatively through an air cylinder (10), and then the drill rod grabbing mechanism is closed or kept away to grab a drill rod (9) or a sleeve;

the drill rod (9) can be clamped in a gap between the movable gripper (13) and the fixed gripper (14); the movable gripper (13) can be pushed and pulled by being stretched by a telescopic shaft, the telescopic shaft is a cylinder shaft of the gripping cylinder (10), fulcrums of the cylinder (10) and the fixed gripper (14) are arranged on a front end connecting plate (11) or telescopic rods of the two telescopic rods (20), and more than one movable gripper (13) is hinged on the front end connecting plate (11); more than one movable gripper (13) can grip the drill rod together; the fixed gripper (14) is fixed at one end of the telescopic rod (20), the other end of the telescopic rod (20) is sleeved in a telescopic rod outer sleeve (8), the telescopic rod outer sleeve (8) is fixed on the fixed support (6), the hydraulic cylinder II (7) is fixed on the fixed support (6), and the hydraulic cylinder II (7) extends out to push the telescopic rod (20) out of the telescopic rod outer sleeve, so that the clamped drill rod is driven to be pushed to the axial position of a well hole; the lower part of the fixed bracket (6) is hinged on the basic disc (5), one side of the fixed bracket is hinged with the first hydraulic cylinder (4), and the lower part of the first hydraulic cylinder (4) is hinged on the basic disc; the basic disc is used as one part of a rotary basic complex (19), the basic disc is the upper disc surface of the rotary basic complex (19), and the fixed bracket can be vertically and horizontally arranged by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder I (4); the middle part of the rotating basic complex (19) is rotatably arranged on the middle shaft (3) through a bearing, and the rotatable installation means that the rotating basic complex (19) can rotate around the middle shaft; the middle shaft (3) is fixed on the bracket chassis (1); a hydraulic cylinder III (18) with a pivot point on the bracket chassis (1) can extend and retract to drive the rotating basic complex (19) to rotate by 90 degrees around the middle shaft (3) to drive the basic disc, the fixed bracket (6), the drill rod and the like;

connecting the top drive with the track: the top of the top drive mechanism drives the casing (223) and passes through linking bridge (222) and slides and withhold on the slide corresponds track (219), the slide corresponds track (219) and is two H shaped steel, contain between two H shaped steel and support H shaped steel (hold and bore the deep well more than 3000 meters, also can weld the system rectangle track with the steel sheet for guaranteeing the rigidity, the top drives casing (223), the drilling tool can move down through the dead weight, the top drives casing (223), the drilling tool passes through the assembly pulley and moves up through wire rope, make the top drive whole can reciprocate along the slide.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the drill rods (9) in the connected drill rod grabbing displacement adjusting mechanism comprise a plurality of drill rods, the drill rods (9) are arranged in parallel, the drill rods are placed on an object support (17) which is provided with a slope and can be automatically aligned, and the drill rods can be automatically moved to a designated position on the support; a hydraulic cylinder (16) of the landing gear lifts the drill rod to a gripper position; the rotating basic complex (19) is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder III (18), and the hydraulic cylinder III (18) can push the rotating basic complex (19) to integrally rotate for 90 degrees;

the gripping part, the object support (17) and the hydraulic cylinder (18) are all positioned on the vehicle.

The invention has the further technical scheme that the vehicle also comprises more than one slurry pump and a steam turbine generator unit; the vehicle body comprises a guide rail.

The technical scheme is that the operating part of the skid-mounted vehicle-mounted driving system comprises an operating rod 105, and different driving directions are realized by operating the operating rod 105 to be connected with a live wire contact block 107 which is in contact with forward rotation and forward advance, a zero wire 108 which is always connected with a swing arm and is insulated from an operating handle, or a live wire contact block 109 which is in fixed contact with reverse rotation and reverse rotation.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the device also comprises a centering structure, wherein a power shaft of a power part of the centering structure comprises a power gear 301, the power gear 301 is meshed between a first moving bracket 302 and a second moving bracket 303, and the first moving bracket 302 and the second moving bracket 303 respectively comprise a rack 304; the first moving support 302 and the second moving support 303 respectively comprise a bending structure, and vertical parts corresponding to the bending structures respectively comprise a V-shaped centering mechanism 306; a centering space is formed between the two V-shaped centering mechanisms 306; the rotator, the drill pipe and the center of the well hole can be positioned on the same vertical axis through centering.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the carrier vehicle also comprises a winch 3X, and the winch 3X drives the steel wire rope to lift the top drive and the drilling tool assembly; still include hydraulic pressure station 4X on the carrier loader, hydraulic pressure station 4X can provide high-pressure oil drive oil motor and pneumatic cylinder.

The further technical scheme of the invention is that the upper part of the top drive rotating body is connected with a high-pressure water hose through a packing seal joint 205 and a gooseneck 204, high-pressure slurry provided by a slurry pump is conveyed to the bottom of a well through an inner hole of a drill rod, and high-pressure and high-density slurry returns sediment at the bottom of the well to the ground along the annular space between the drill rod and a well wall.

The using method of the vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine is characterized in that the vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine is used, and comprises the following scheme,

skid-mounted vehicle-mounted driving system: proper electric power is provided for driving the electric reducer through the speed regulation and the air supply quantity of the steam turbine generator unit, and more than 6 wheels are driven by the electric reducer; the traditional bulky components such as a rear axle, a differential mechanism, a clutch, a gearbox, a transmission shaft and the like are saved;

a top drive mechanism: the generator set power supply hydraulic station drives the rotating body to drive drilling tools such as a drill rod, a drill bit and the like to rotate by the high-pressure oil supply motor so as to finish drilling;

the drill rod is grabbed and the displacement is adjusted, namely the automatic feeding mechanism: (1) the drill rod lifting frame lifts the drill rod to the position of the manipulator; (2) the hydraulic cylinder jacks up the mechanical arm arranged on the upright post (fixed support) and the upright post by 90 degrees, so that the drill rod and the upright post are in vertical positions; (3) the hydraulic cylinder pushes the upright post and the drill rod to rotate by 90 degrees; (4) the telescopic rod pushes the drill rod out to enable the axis of the drill rod to be coaxial with the center of the well hole; (5) the V-shaped centering mechanism arranged at the lower end of the top drive vertically centers the female joint at the upper end of the drill rod and the adapter, and the top drive rotates the adapter to be screwed with the female joint at the upper end of the drill rod; (6) the downward moving top drive enables a male joint at the lower end of the drill rod to be in butt joint and screwed with a female joint of the drill rod clamped in a well; completing the whole process of connecting the upper drill rod with a single joint;

connecting the top drive with the track: (1) the screwing machine is clamped by a clamp to clamp a second drill rod female joint clamped by the elevator; (2) the upper centering mechanism and the manipulator simultaneously grab a first drill rod at the top, and the top drive reversely rotates to enable a female joint at the upper end of the first drill rod to be disengaged from the adapter; (3) the centering mechanism and the manipulator use two-gear loose claws to hold the drill rod, the main clamp of the screwing machine tightly clamps a male joint at the lower end of the first drill rod, and the first drill rod is unloaded by the power reverse rotation of the screwing machine; (4) and the centering mechanism is loosened, and the mechanical hand grasps the drill rods and plays back the disassembled drill rods to the support according to the reverse sequence of the connection of the single drill rod.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that a generator set supplies power to enable an electric reducer to drive a front transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is supported by a bearing and a bearing seat, and the other end of the transmission shaft is integrated with a connecting disc; the front transmission shaft is fixedly provided with more than two chain wheels which are connected in a duplex way, and the rear transmission shaft drives the wheels and the front wheels to rotate synchronously in chain transmission, so that walking is realized;

the walking wiring control mechanism pushes 2 control rods forwards and is simultaneously connected with electric reducers at two sides to drive 6 wheels to move forwards; the left control lever returns to the hollow gear to only drive the right wheel to realize left rotation; the left control lever is pulled backwards to enable the left wheel to be reversed to form on-site rotation, and the turning radius is zero; the reverse operation of right rotation or right rotation;

the generating set supplies power to the hydraulic station, input the high-pressure oil into the oil motor namely oil motor (210) through the high-pressure hose, the oil motor namely oil motor (210) drives the pinion to drive the bull gear integrated with body of revolution to make the body of revolution rotate, the body of revolution is supported by thrust ball bearing of the lower end and deep groove ball bearing of the upper end and concentric with borehole; the two bearings are positioned by the shell and the large supporting gland; the upper end of the rotating body is input into high-pressure slurry provided by a slurry pump through a gooseneck pipe and a high-pressure water hose and is injected into the bottom of the well along the inner hole of the drill rod, and the high-pressure slurry is ejected out through the hole of the drill bit at the bottom of the well to return sediment at the bottom of the well to the ground from the annular space between the drill rod and; the lower end of the rotating body is ensured to be sealed and lubricated by a sealing ring and a sealing ring gland;

3 pieces of H steel are welded or fastened by bolts to form a slide way, the slide way replaces the traditional drilling tower with a complex structure and high cost, the lower end of the slide way is fixed at the tail of the vehicle by a hinge, and the slide way can be vertically erected and horizontally placed on the vehicle by 2 hydraulic cylinders; the upper end of the slideway is provided with a crown block frame for installing a driving pulley block; the top drive is driven to move up and down by the winding of a steel rope and a driven pulley block on the upper part of the top drive; and the top drive shell is provided with a top drive sliding buckle on the slideway by using a bolt, a steel plate bracket and the like, so that the top drive can move up and down along the slideway.

The invention further comprises the following modes and steps,

1. the upright post is the position of the pivot of the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the fixed support: the lower end of the upright post is arranged on the basic disc in a hinge mode, and a hydraulic cylinder fulcrum of the lifting upright post is lower than an upright post hinge shaft and is arranged on the basic disc, so that the upright post is ensured to be in vertical and horizontal positions;

2. position of the hydraulic cylinder pivot of the gripper: the hydraulic cylinder and the fixed arm of the telescopic driving drill rod grabbing claw are both arranged on the telescopic rod or the connecting plate of the two telescopic rods;

when the gripper grabs the drill rod, the upright is in a horizontal position, the hydraulic cylinder on the basic disc vertically jacks up the upright and the drill rod, the hydraulic cylinder on the base extends out to rotate the basic body, the upright, the drill rod and the like by 90 degrees by taking the center of the upright as an axis, the hydraulic cylinder (7) of the telescopic rod extends out to push the telescopic rod out of the outer sleeve of the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod pushes the drill rod to be in a position coaxial with a well hole, and the centering mechanism arranged at the lower end of the top drive centers and centralizes the drill; then starting a butt joint and screwing program to complete the single joint connecting process (namely feeding);

the length of a drill rod of the drill rod centering mechanism is 9.4-9.6 meters, the manipulator vertically grabs from the lower end, and as a female joint at the elastic upper end of the drill rod possibly deviates from the axis of the well, the centers of the rotating body, the drill rod and the well are overlapped on one axis by the centering mechanism arranged at the lower part of the top drive;

3. casing pipe setting: the principle is the same as that of connecting a drill rod with a single joint; 1. according to the specification and the size of the sleeve, firstly replacing a conversion joint on the top drive, a jaw on the screwing machine and a gripper of the manipulator; 2. lifting the casing to a manipulator position by the undercarriage, and grasping the casing by the manipulator; 3. the hydraulic cylinder jacks up the mechanical arm arranged on the upright column and the upright column by 90 degrees, so that the sleeve and the upright column are positioned at vertical positions; 4. the hydraulic cylinder pushes the upright post and the sleeve to rotate by 90 degrees; 5. the telescopic rod pushes out the casing pipe to enable the axis of the casing pipe to be coaxial with the center of the borehole; 6. the V-shaped centering mechanism arranged at the lower end of the top drive vertically centers the female joint at the upper end of the sleeve with the adapter, and the top drive rotates the adapter to be screwed with the female joint at the upper end of the sleeve; 7. the lower moving top drive enables a male buckle at the lower end of the casing to be in butt joint and rotary joint with a casing female buckle which is hung and clamped in a well; each one is repeated in this way to complete the whole casing running process;

1. the turbo generator unit supplies power to the electric motor reducer to drive wheels to walk; 2. supplying power to a slurry pump to lift the pressure of slurry, inputting the high-pressure slurry into a drill rod hole through a high-pressure water faucet and a gooseneck pipe, enabling the high-pressure slurry to reach the bottom of a well hole and be ejected out of a drill bit hole, enabling mud and sand at the bottom of the well to flow back to the ground along the annular space between the drill rod and the well wall, enabling the purified slurry to flow into a slurry pool through solid control equipment (a vibrating screen, a slurry tank, a sand remover, a mud remover, a gas remover, a stirrer and the like), and inputting the slurry pump from the slurry pool to form; 3. supplying power to the winch to enable the steel rope to move, and lifting or sliding the top drive together with the drilling tool through the two groups of pulleys (the steel rope slides downwards by the self weight of the drilling tool when being loosened); 4. the power supply is used for lifting the pressure of hydraulic oil for the hydraulic station, the high-pressure oil drives an oil motor through a high-pressure hose, a small gear of the oil motor is meshed with a large gear to drive a top driving rotating body, and the rotating body drives a drill rod and a drilling tool to rotate so as to realize borehole drilling.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the practicability is strong; the engine is changed into a turbo generator set, the natural gas serving as fuel is 30% cheaper than diesel, a rear axle, a clutch, a differential, a gearbox and a transmission shaft are omitted in electric reduction machine driving, a slide way replaces a drilling tower, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, automation and a manipulator replace traditional labor force, and the labor wage can be saved by 50%. The drilling rig has the advantages of convenient relocation, high automation degree and low operation cost compared with the traditional drilling rig.

Drawings

To further illustrate the present invention, further description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the comprehensive use of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the grasping portion of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an article providing structure;

FIG. 5 is a side view of an article providing structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rotating portion of the chassis;

FIG. 7 is a preferred arrangement of the vehicle body;

FIG. 8 is a power diagram of the genset powering the electric motor;

FIG. 9 is a drive system assembly view;

FIG. 10 is a walk maneuver wiring diagram;

FIG. 11 is a top drive assembly view;

FIG. 12 is a front assembly view of the top drive in connection with the skid;

FIG. 13 is a top assembled view of the top drive coupled to the skid;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the centering portion;

FIG. 15 is a relational diagram of six components of a vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine;

wherein: 1. a bracket chassis; 2. a rotating portion; 3. a middle shaft; 4. a first hydraulic cylinder; 5. a base disc; 6. fixing a bracket; 7. a second hydraulic cylinder; 8. the telescopic rod is sleeved; 9. a drill stem; 10. a grasping hinge portion; 11. a front end connection plate; 12. grabbing a hand; 13. a movable gripper; 14. fixing the hand grip; 15. fixing the gripper fixing shaft; 16. a fourth hydraulic cylinder; 17. an article support; 18. a hydraulic cylinder III; 19. rotating the base complex; 20. a telescopic rod.

101. An electric power reduction machine; 102. more than two chain wheels; 103. a bearing; 104. driving a front transmission shaft; 105. a joystick; 106. a shaft; 107. a live wire contact block which is contacted with forward rotation; 108. a zero line which is always connected with the swing arm and insulated from the control handle; 109. the position is fixedly contacted with a live wire contact block for reversing and backing; 110. a connecting disc;

201. a support; 202. a wheel axle; 203. a driven pulley block; 204. the gooseneck is connected with a water hose; 205. packing sealing joints; 206. a large gland of the support bearing; 207. a bearing gland; 208. a bearing and a bearing seat; 209. a power gear; 210. an oil motor; 211. a lower sealing ring gland; 212. the rotating body drives the drill rod; 213. a crossover sub; 214. a bull gear; 215. the slideway moves the hinged position of the cylinder; 216. a slideway moving cylinder; 217. a steel wire; 218. a slideway; 219. the slide way corresponds to the track; 220. buckling the plate; 221. a furring strip; 222. connecting a bracket; 223. a top drive housing; 224. a frame housing;

301. a power gear; 302. a first moving support; 303. a second moving support; 304. a rack; 305. rotary bodies, drill pipes, wellbores; a V-shaped centering mechanism;

1X electric motor reducer drives a wheel walking structure; a 2X top drive mechanism; 3, a 3X winch; a 4X hydraulic station; 5X slurry pump; 6X turbo generator unit.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of the invention and not as limiting the scope of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The patent provides a plurality of parallel schemes, and different expressions belong to an improved scheme based on a basic scheme or a parallel scheme. Each solution has its own unique features.

With reference to all of the accompanying drawings;

the invention relates to a vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine which is mainly embodied in four aspects:

1. the skid-mounted vehicle-mounted driving system provides proper electric power to drive the electric reducer through the speed regulation and the air supply quantity of the steam turbine generator unit, and the electric reducer drives 6 wheels. The traditional huge rear axle, differential, clutch, gearbox, transmission shaft and other parts are saved.

2. The power supply hydraulic pump of the generator set of the top drive mechanism drives the rotating body to drive the drilling tools such as the drill rod, the drill bit and the like to rotate by the high-pressure oil supply motor so as to finish drilling, the conventional top drive price of connecting 3 pieces is 800 plus 1200 ten thousand yuan, and the cost of connecting a single top drive is 30-50 ten thousand yuan. In addition, the traditional components such as a travelling block, a hook and the like are saved.

3. A drill rod grabbing displacement adjusting (namely automatic feeding) mechanism (1) and a drill rod undercarriage lift a drill rod to a manipulator position; (2) the hydraulic cylinder jacks up the mechanical arm arranged on the upright column and the upright column by 90 degrees, so that the drill rod and the upright column are in vertical positions; (3) the hydraulic cylinder pushes the upright post and the drill rod to rotate by 90 degrees; (4) the telescopic rod pushes the drill rod out to enable the axis of the drill rod to be coaxial with the center of the well hole; (5) the V-shaped centering mechanism arranged at the lower end of the jack-up vertically centers the female joint at the upper end of the drill rod and the adapter, and the jack-up rotating adapter is screwed with the female joint at the upper end of the drill rod; (6) and the downward moving top driver enables the male joint at the lower end of the drill rod to be in butt joint and screwed with the female joint of the drill rod clamped in the well. The whole process of connecting the upper drill rod with the single joint is completed.

4. The top drive is connected with the track (1), the top drive lifts the drill string, and the screwing machine is clamped by the clamp to clamp a second drill rod female joint clamped by the elevator; (2) the upper centering mechanism and the manipulator simultaneously grab a first drill rod at the top, and the top drive reversely rotates to enable a female joint at the upper end of the first drill rod to be disengaged from the adapter; (3) the centering mechanism and the manipulator grasp the drill rod by two steps, the main clamp of the screwing machine clamps the male joint at the lower end of the first drill rod, and the first drill rod is unloaded by the power reverse rotation of the screwing machine; (4) and the centering mechanism is loosened, and the mechanical hand grasps the drill rods and plays back the disassembled drill rods to the support according to the reverse sequence of the connection of the single drill rod.

The generator set supplies power to enable the electric reducer to drive the front transmission shaft of the vehicle, one end of the transmission shaft is supported by the bearing and the bearing seat, and the other end of the transmission shaft is integrated with the connecting disc. The transmission and support of the wheel are the same as the principle structure of the automobile wheel. The front transmission shaft is fixedly provided with more than duplex chain wheels, and the rear transmission shaft drives the wheels and the front wheels to synchronously rotate in chain transmission, so that walking, backing and steering are realized.

2 control levers are pushed forwards to simultaneously switch on the electric reducers at two sides to drive 6 tires to move forwards; the left control lever returns to the middle (neutral gear) and only drives the right wheel to realize left rotation; and the left control lever is pulled backwards to enable the left wheel to rotate reversely, so that local rotation is formed, and the turning radius is zero. The right turn or the right strike operates in reverse.

The top drive of the invention has simple structure, durability, low cost and strong practicability, and the generating set supplies power to the hydraulic station, high-pressure oil is input into the oil motor through the high-pressure hose, the oil motor drives the pinion to drive the gearwheel which is connected with the rotating body into a whole to rotate the rotating body, and the rotating body is supported by the lower thrust ball bearing and the upper deep groove ball bearing and has the same axle center with a borehole. The two bearings are positioned by the shell and the large supporting gland. The upper end of the rotating body is input into high-pressure mud provided by a mud pump through a gooseneck pipe and a high-pressure water hose and is injected into the bottom of the well along the inner hole of the drill rod, and the high-pressure mud is ejected out through the hole of the drill bit at the bottom of the well to return sediment at the bottom of the well to the ground from the annular space between the drill rod and. The lower end of the rotating body is ensured to be sealed and lubricated by a sealing ring and a sealing ring gland.

The lower end of the slideway is fixed at the tail of the vehicle by a hinge, and the slideway can be vertically erected and horizontally placed on the vehicle (when being moved) by 2 hydraulic cylinders. The upper end of the slideway is provided with a head frame for installing a driving pulley block. The top drive is driven to move up and down by the winding of the steel rope and the driven pulley block on the upper part of the top drive. And the top drive slideway is slidably buckled and pressed on the slideway by using a bolt, a steel plate bracket and the like on the top drive shell, so that the top drive moves up and down along the slideway.

1. The upright post lifts the fulcrum position of the hydraulic cylinder: the lower end of the upright post is arranged on the basic plate in a hinge mode, and the hydraulic cylinder fulcrum of the lifting upright post needs to be lower than the hinge shaft of the upright post and is arranged on the basic plate. The specific position of installation needs to be calculated and determined additionally to ensure that the horizontal and vertical positions of the upright are realized.

2. Position of the hydraulic cylinder pivot of the gripper: the hydraulic cylinder and the fixed arm of the telescopic driving drill rod grabbing claw are both arranged on the telescopic rod or the connecting plate of the two telescopic rods.

When the gripper grabs the drill rod, the upright column is in a horizontal position, the hydraulic cylinder on the basic disc vertically jacks up the upright column and the drill rod, the hydraulic cylinder of the base stretches out to rotate the basic body, the upright column, the drill rod and the like by 90 degrees by taking the center of the upright column as an axis, the hydraulic cylinder of the telescopic rod stretches out to push out the telescopic rod from the outer sleeve of the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod pushes the drill rod to a position coaxial with a well hole, and the centering mechanism arranged at the lower end of the top drive centers and centralizes. Then, the butt joint and screwing procedure is started to complete the single joint connecting process (feeding).

3. The length of a drill rod of the drill rod centering mechanism is 9.4-9.6 meters, the drill rod is vertically grabbed from the lower end by a manipulator, and the centers of the rotating body, the drill rod and the well hole are overlapped on one axis by the centering mechanism arranged at the lower part of the top drive because the elastic upper end (female joint) of the drill rod naturally deviates from the axis of the well hole.

4. Casing pipe setting: the principle is the same as that of the process flow-2 for connecting a drill rod to a single joint. 1. According to the specification and the size of the sleeve, firstly replacing a conversion joint on the top drive, a manipulator gripper and a jaw on the screwing machine; 2. lifting the casing to a manipulator position by the undercarriage to enable the manipulator to grasp the casing; 3. the hydraulic cylinder jacks up the mechanical arm arranged on the upright column together with the upright column and the sleeve by 90 degrees, so that the sleeve and the upright column are in a vertical position; 4. the chassis hydraulic cylinder, namely the hydraulic cylinder III 18, pushes the upright post and the sleeve to rotate by 90 degrees; 5. the telescopic rod pushes out the casing pipe to enable the axis of the casing pipe to be coaxial with the center of the borehole; 5. the V-shaped centering mechanism arranged at the lower end of the top drive vertically centers the female joint at the upper end of the sleeve with the adapter, and the top drive rotates the adapter to be screwed with the female joint at the upper end of the sleeve; 6. the downward moving top drive enables a male buckle at the lower end of the casing to be in butt joint and rotary joint with a female buckle of the casing which is hung and clamped in the well. Each is repeated in this way to complete the entire process of casing running.

1. The turbo generator unit supplies power to the electric motor reducer to drive wheels to walk; 2. supplying power to a slurry pump to lift the pressure of slurry, inputting the high-pressure slurry into a drill rod hole through a high-pressure water faucet and a gooseneck pipe, enabling the high-pressure slurry to reach the bottom of a well hole and be ejected out of a drill bit hole, enabling mud and sand at the bottom of the well to flow back to the ground along the annular space between the drill rod and the well wall, enabling the purified slurry to flow into a slurry pool through solid control equipment (a vibrating screen, a slurry tank, a sand remover, a mud remover, a degasser, a stirrer and the like), and inputting the slurry pump from the slurry pool to form circulation; 3. supplying power to the winch to enable the steel rope to move, and lifting or sliding the top drive together with the drilling tool through the two groups of pulleys (the steel rope slides downwards by the self weight of the drilling tool when being loosened); 4. the power supply is used for lifting the pressure of hydraulic oil for the hydraulic station, the high-pressure oil drives an oil motor through a high-pressure hose, a small gear of the oil motor is meshed with a large gear to drive a top driving rotating body, and the rotating body drives a drill rod and a drilling tool to rotate so as to realize borehole drilling.

The structure for adjusting the grabbing displacement of the drilling machine is characterized by comprising a grabbing part, wherein the grabbing part comprises a grabbing hand 12, the grabbing hand 12 comprises a movable grabbing hand 13 and a fixed grabbing hand 14 which are hinged with each other, and the movable grabbing hand 13 and the fixed grabbing hand 14 can relatively rotate around a hinged shaft and further close or move away to realize grabbing; the drill rod 9 can be clamped in the space between the movable gripper 13 and the fixed gripper 14. The technical scheme of the invention has the following substantial technical effects and the realization process: original drilling rod connects single needs the manpower to go to accomplish with hydraulic tong, and physical power is heavy and very inconvenient, adopts this patent, can adopt automation such as mechanization, PRC to accomplish, and degree of automation is higher. The drill rod can be directly gripped by the movable gripper 13 and the fixed gripper 14.

Creatively, the above effects exist independently, and the combination of the above results can be completed by a set of structure.

The movable hand grip 13 can be pushed and pulled by a telescopic shaft in a telescopic way, the telescopic shaft is a cylinder shaft of the grabbing cylinder 7, the cylinder shaft is hinged with a hinged front-end connecting plate 11 through a grabbing hinge part 10, and the hinged front-end connecting plate 11 is hinged with more than one movable hand grip 13; more than one movable gripper 13 can grip the drill rod together. The technical scheme of the invention has the following substantial technical effects and the realization process: combine fig. 3 and fig. 2; jointly snatch effectually, the centre gripping is stable, and is fixed firm.

The fixed hand grip 14 is fixed on the telescopic rod 20, one end of the telescopic rod 20 is sleeved in the telescopic rod outer sleeve 8, and the gripping cylinder 7 is fixed on the telescopic rod or the connecting end plate. The technical scheme of the invention has the following substantial technical effects and the realization process: one end of the telescopic rod 20 is sleeved on the telescopic rod outer sleeve 8, so that the whole bearing capacity is better, and the stability of the whole structure can be maintained.

The lower part of the fixed bracket 6 is hinged on the basic disc 5, one side of the fixed bracket is hinged with a displacement rotary hydraulic cylinder, namely a hydraulic cylinder I4, and the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder I4 is hinged on the basic disc; the basic disc is used as a part of the rotary basic complex 19, and the basic disc is the upper disc surface of the rotary basic complex 19; the middle part of the rotating basic complex 19 is rotatably arranged on the middle shaft 3 through a bearing, and the rotatable arrangement means that the rotating basic complex 19 can rotate around the middle shaft; the middle shaft 3 is fixed on the bracket chassis 1. The technical scheme of the invention has the following substantial technical effects and the realization process: specific rotation schemes and designs are provided herein.

The drill rods 9 comprise a plurality of drill rods 9 which are arranged in parallel, the drill rods are placed on an object support 17 which is provided with a slope and can be automatically aligned, and the drill rods can be automatically moved to a designated position on the support; hydraulic cylinder four 16 lifts the drill pipe to the gripper position.

The rotating basic complex 19 is articulated with a rotating hydraulic cylinder III 18, and the rotating hydraulic cylinder III 18 can push the rotating basic complex 19 to integrally rotate by 90 degrees.

The gripping part, the object holder 17 and the three rotary hydraulic cylinders 18 are located on the vehicle. The mobile vehicle also comprises more than one slurry pump and a steam turbine generator unit. Referring to fig. 7, a similar dock is within the scope of this patent.

As a further non-necessary explanation:

the basic concept is as follows:

1. the main components of the drilling machine are assembled on a rocker, and an electric motor reducer driving tire is arranged below the rocker, so that the vehicle carrying the drilling machine for walking is formed. Therefore, the drilling machine is called a vehicle-mounted drilling machine. The vehicle-mounted drilling machine is suitable for drilling coal bed gas wells, oil and gas wells within 4000 meters, geothermal wells, salt wells and the like.

2. The turbo generator unit supplies power to the electric motor reducer to drive the vehicle to run; supplying power to a mud pump to improve mud pressure, inputting high-pressure mud into a water hole of a drill rod through a high-pressure water faucet and a gooseneck pipe to reach the bottom of a well hole and eject the mud from a drill bit hole, enabling sediment at the bottom of the well to flow back to the ground along the annular space between the drill rod and the well wall, enabling the purified mud to flow into a mud pool through solid control equipment, and inputting the mud into the mud pump from the mud pool to form circulation; supplying power to the winch to enable the steel rope to move, and lifting or descending the top drive together with the drilling tool through the two groups of pulleys; the power supply is used for lifting the pressure of hydraulic oil for the hydraulic station, the high-pressure oil drives an oil motor through a high-pressure hose, a small gear of the oil motor is meshed with a large gear to drive a top driving rotating body, and the rotating body drives a drill rod and a drilling tool to rotate so as to realize borehole drilling.

3. The engine set is started to generate power and supply power to reduce the number of the wheels to drive the tires, two sides of the chassis warp are respectively provided with one electric reduction machine, and each electric reduction machine is connected with 2 driven wheels through chains to synchronously drive 3 wheels on the same side.

4. The steering wheel is replaced by a joystick for steering and driving. 2 control levers are pushed forwards to simultaneously connect the electric reducers at two sides to drive 6 wheels to move forwards; the left control lever returns to the hollow gear to only drive the right tire to rotate left; and the left control lever is pulled backwards to enable the left wheel to rotate reversely, so that local rotation is formed, and the turning radius is zero. The right turn or the right strike operates in reverse.

5. And after the arrival of the well position coordinate is confirmed, lifting the square hydraulic cylinder at the four corners, and adjusting and locking. The hydraulic cylinder of the lifting slideway lifts the slideway. The square hydraulic cylinder and the slide lifting hydraulic cylinder have enough bearing capacity and locking function, and any leakage cannot be caused in long-time construction.

6. Installing a steel rope, a water faucet, a top drive and the like. The generator set supplies power to the hydraulic pump, the high-pressure oil drives the top oil driving motor, the oil motor drives the large gear, the large gear is connected with and drives the convertible male joint of the drill rod, and the male joint is screwed with the female joint of the drill rod for driving and drilling.

Creative advantages are as follows:

the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the practicability is strong;

the engine is changed into a turbo generator set, and the natural gas is 30% cheaper than diesel oil.

The traditional labor force is replaced by the automatic manipulator, the labor force is reduced, and the labor wage can be saved by 50%.

The drilling rig has the advantages of convenient relocation, high automation degree and low operation cost compared with the traditional drilling rig.

The technical effect that above structure was realized realizes clearly, if do not consider additional technical scheme, this patent name can also be a novel oil equipment structure. Some details are not shown in the figures.

It should be noted that the plurality of schemes provided in this patent include their own basic schemes, which are independent of each other and are not restricted to each other, but they may be combined with each other without conflict, so as to achieve a plurality of effects.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to illustrate the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the invention is to be limited to the embodiments described above.

Claims

1. The vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine is characterized in that one or more of the following parts are arranged on a vehicle-mounted platform;

connecting the top drive with the track: the top of the top drive mechanism drives the casing (223) and slides through linking bridge (222) and withholds on the slide corresponds track (219), and the slide corresponds track (219) and is two H shaped steel, contains between two H shaped steel and supports H shaped steel, and the casing is driven on the top (223), drilling tool can move down through the dead weight, and casing is driven on the top (223), drilling tool pass through the assembly pulley and move up through wire rope, make the top drive whole can reciprocate along the slide.

2. The vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connected drill rod grabbing displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of drill rods (9), the plurality of drill rods (9) are arranged in parallel, the plurality of drill rods are placed on an object support (17) which is provided with a slope and can be automatically aligned, and the drill rods can be automatically moved to a designated position on the support; a hydraulic cylinder (16) of the landing gear lifts the drill rod to a gripper position; the rotating basic complex (19) is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder III (18), and the hydraulic cylinder III (18) can push the rotating basic complex (19) to integrally rotate for 90 degrees;

3. The vehicle-mounted top drive drilling rig according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle further comprises more than one mud pump and a turbo generator set; the vehicle body comprises a guide rail.

4. The truck mounted top drive drilling rig according to claim 1, wherein the operating part of the skid mounted truck mounted drive system comprises a joystick (105), and different directions of driving are realized by operating the joystick (105) to connect a live wire contact block (107) contacting forward rotation, a neutral wire (108) always connected with the swing arm and insulated from the operating handle, or a live wire contact block (109) fixedly contacting reverse rotation and reversing.

5. The truck-mounted top drive drilling machine according to claim 1, further comprising a centering structure, wherein a power shaft of a power part of the centering structure comprises a power gear (301), the power gear (301) is engaged between the first moving bracket (302) and the second moving bracket (303), and the first moving bracket (302) and the second moving bracket (303) respectively comprise a rack (304); the first moving support (302) and the second moving support (303) respectively comprise a bending structure, and vertical parts corresponding to the bending structures respectively comprise a V-shaped centering mechanism (306); a centering space is formed between the two V-shaped centering mechanisms (306); the rotator, the drill pipe and the center of the well hole can be positioned on the same vertical axis through centering.

6. The vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the carrier vehicle further comprises a winch (3X), and the winch (3X) drives the steel wire rope to lift the top drive and drilling tool assembly; the carrier loader also comprises a hydraulic station (4X), and the hydraulic station (4X) can provide high-pressure oil to drive the oil motor and the hydraulic cylinder.

7. The vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the top drive rotating body is connected with a high-pressure water hose through a packing seal joint (205) and a gooseneck (204), high-pressure mud provided by the mud pump is conveyed to the bottom of the well through an inner hole of the drill pipe, and the high-pressure and high-density mud returns sediment at the bottom of the well to the ground along the drill pipe and a well wall annulus.

8. The use method of the vehicle-mounted top drive drilling rig is characterized in that the vehicle-mounted top drive drilling rig is used, and comprises the following scheme,

9. The method for using a vehicle-mounted top drive drilling machine according to claim 8, wherein the generator set supplies power to enable the electric reduction machine to drive the front transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is supported by the bearing and the bearing seat, and the other end of the transmission shaft is integrated with the connecting disc; the front transmission shaft is fixedly provided with more than two chain wheels which are connected in a duplex way, and the rear transmission shaft drives the wheels and the front wheels to rotate synchronously in chain transmission, so that walking is realized;

10. The method of using a truck mounted top drive drilling rig according to claim 9, further comprising the modes and steps of,

casing pipe setting: the principle is the same as that of connecting a drill rod with a single joint; 1. according to the specification and the size of the sleeve, firstly replacing a conversion joint on the top drive, a jaw on the screwing machine and a gripper of the manipulator; 2. lifting the casing to a manipulator position by the undercarriage, and grasping the casing by the manipulator; 3. the hydraulic cylinder jacks up the mechanical arm arranged on the upright column and the upright column by 90 degrees, so that the sleeve and the upright column are positioned at vertical positions; 4. the hydraulic cylinder pushes the upright post and the sleeve to rotate by 90 degrees; 5. the telescopic rod pushes out the casing pipe to enable the axis of the casing pipe to be coaxial with the center of the borehole; 6. the V-shaped centering mechanism arranged at the lower end of the top drive vertically centers the female joint at the upper end of the sleeve with the adapter, and the top drive rotates the adapter to be screwed with the female joint at the upper end of the sleeve; 7. the lower moving top drive enables a male buckle at the lower end of the casing to be in butt joint and rotary joint with a casing female buckle which is hung and clamped in a well; each one is repeated in this way to complete the whole casing running process;