CN111485461A - Hand-operated long sleeper mounting machine capable of being automatically locked and long sleeper mounting method - Google Patents
Hand-operated long sleeper mounting machine capable of being automatically locked and long sleeper mounting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111485461A CN111485461A CN202010435995.XA CN202010435995A CN111485461A CN 111485461 A CN111485461 A CN 111485461A CN 202010435995 A CN202010435995 A CN 202010435995A CN 111485461 A CN111485461 A CN 111485461A
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- Prior art keywords
- sleeper
- long
- installing
- lifting hook
- hand
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
- E01B29/06—Transporting, laying, removing or renewing sleepers
- E01B29/09—Transporting, laying, removing or renewing sleepers under, or from under, installed rails
- E01B29/14—Transporting, laying, removing or renewing sleepers under, or from under, installed rails for lifting sleepers up to the rails
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
- B66D1/02—Driving gear
- B66D1/04—Driving gear manually operated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
- B66D1/28—Other constructional details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/06—Height or lateral adjustment means or positioning means for slabs, sleepers or rails
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hand-operated long sleeper mounting machine capable of being automatically locked and a long sleeper mounting method, wherein the long sleeper mounting machine comprises a rack and two sleeper hoisting units, and a guide roller mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the rack; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, erecting a steel rail; secondly, positioning the sleeper; step three, erecting a long sleeper mounting machine; step four, mounting a first sleeper; fifthly, moving the long sleeper mounting machine; step six, installing the next sleeper; step seven, the step five to the step six are circulated for multiple times until the laying of the track panel on the bed to be paved is completed; and step eight, disassembling the long sleeper assembling machine. The rail sleeper lifting device is reasonable in structural design, simple in operation method and safe to use, the two sleeper lifting units are arranged on the rack, so that the long sleeper mounting machine can realize quick and stable mounting of sleepers, the rail laying speed can be effectively accelerated, the economic benefit is improved, and the rail sleeper lifting device has wide popularization and application values in rail traffic construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of subway rail laying, and particularly relates to a hand-operated long sleeper mounting machine capable of being automatically locked and a long sleeper mounting method.
Background
In subway construction, a large number of rail laying needs to be carried out by adopting a scattered laying and rail erecting method, namely, after materials such as sleepers, steel rails, fasteners and the like are transported to the site, rail panel assembly is carried out manually. When the track panel is assembled, the two steel rails are erected by the support frame, then the sleeper is lifted, and the sleeper is connected with the steel rails by the fasteners. Because the weight of a sleeper is about 280kg, at least 4 workers are needed to lift the sleeper during installation, and in the process of installing fasteners, the sleeper is often displaced due to the instability of manual sleeper lifting, so that the sleeper installation work efficiency is low.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a long sleeper installation machine and a long sleeper installation method which are safe to use, high in working efficiency and simple in structure to lay the subway rail sections.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the invention provides a hand-operated long sleeper installation machine capable of automatically locking, which has the advantages of reasonable structural design, simple and convenient operation method and safe use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock die automatically which characterized in that: install the sleeper handling unit in the frame including rack and two symmetries installed on the track, the both sides lower part of frame is provided with a guide roller mechanism that can lock up respectively, guide roller mechanism cooperatees with orbital rail, sleeper handling unit includes winding mechanism and sleeper lifting hook, the sleeper lifting hook hangs the below of establishing at winding mechanism through the suspension wire, winding mechanism is including rotating the one side upper portion of installing in the frame and supplying the winding pivot of suspension wire, the both sides of frame are provided with a hand handle that is used for driving the pivot rotation respectively, the upper end winding of suspension wire is in the pivot, the lower extreme at the suspension wire is fixed to the sleeper lifting hook, install anti-reversing mechanism between pivot and the frame, the bottom of frame is provided with the sleeper passageway that supplies the sleeper lifting hook to pass through.
Foretell long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock up automatically, its characterized in that: the frame includes bottom support body and three setting just is used for installing the support frame of sleeper handling unit in bottom support body top, two guide roller mechanism installs the both sides at the bottom support body respectively, the support frame is angular form support frame, and is three the support frame is laid along the length direction of bottom support body equidistant.
Foretell long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock up automatically, its characterized in that: the three support frames are parallel to each other, one support frame is arranged in the middle of the bottom frame body, and the other two support frames are respectively arranged on the upper parts of the two guide roller mechanisms.
Foretell long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock up automatically, its characterized in that: the support frame comprises a bottom support body and is characterized in that first rotating shaft mounting seats for mounting rotating shafts are mounted at the tops of two support frames on two sides of the bottom support body, and second rotating shaft mounting seats for mounting end parts of the two rotating shafts are mounted at the top of one support frame in the middle of the bottom support body.
Foretell long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock up automatically, its characterized in that: prevent that reversing mechanism is the dead ratchet of automatic locking, prevent that reversing mechanism is including the anti-skidding gear and the dead tray of lock of mutually supporting, anti-skidding gear adorns admittedly in the pivot, the one side upper portion at the frame is fixed to the dead tray of lock, the outside at anti-skidding gear is adorned to the dead tray suit of lock, install in the dead tray of lock and lock the dead contact with anti-skidding gear matched with detachable spring.
Foretell long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock up automatically, its characterized in that: two the pivot is laid on same straight line, the middle part in the frame is installed to the one end of pivot, the other end of pivot stretches out to the frame outside, the hand crank is connected and is stretched out the one end tip in the frame outside in the pivot.
Foretell long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock up automatically, its characterized in that: two winches for limiting the suspension wire are fixed on the rotating shaft.
Foretell long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock up automatically, its characterized in that: the sleeper lifting hook is a triangular lifting hook, the vertex angle of the sleeper lifting hook is fixed at the lower end of the suspension wire, and the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook is provided with an opening.
Foretell long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock up automatically, its characterized in that: the guide roller mechanism comprises a roller and an iron shoe which are matched, the roller is positioned in the iron shoe, and one end of the iron shoe is provided with a baffle used for locking the roller.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a long sleeper installation method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, erecting a steel rail: transporting the steel rail sections and the sleepers to a to-be-paved track according to the design requirements of a drawing, erecting a plurality of steel rail sections at the design positions of two steel rails respectively to form a track of the to-be-paved track, wherein the number of the steel rail sections on the two steel rails is equal and corresponds to one another;
step two, positioning the sleeper: making a sleeper mark at the design position of each sleeper on the two steel rails, positioning the sleepers through the sleeper marks, placing a corresponding number of sleepers below the steel rails according to the number of the sleeper marks on the steel rails, and respectively installing fasteners at two sides of the steel rails at the positions of the sleeper marks for fixing the sleepers;
step three, erecting a long sleeper installing machine: the long sleeper installing machine is hung to one end of a steel rail through a crane, two guide roller mechanisms at the lower part of the long sleeper installing machine are respectively installed on two rails of the steel rail, and each guide roller mechanism comprises a roller and an iron shoe;
step four, installing a first sleeper, namely taking a sleeper mark at one end part of the steel rail provided with the long sleeper installing machine as an installing position of the first sleeper, and installing the first sleeper, wherein the process is as follows:
step 401, moving a long sleeper installing machine to the installing position of a first sleeper, fastening baffle plates at the end parts of two iron shoes, locking rollers by using the iron shoes, simultaneously lowering two sleeper lifting hooks to two sides of the sleeper through two winding mechanisms respectively, and at the moment, preventing the reverse mechanism from reversing;
the hand crank is connected to the end part of one end of the rotating shaft, which extends out of the rack, the sleeper lifting hook is a triangular lifting hook, and an opening is formed in the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook, so that the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook is provided with two oppositely-arranged hooks;
the anti-reverse mechanism comprises an anti-slip gear and a locking tray which are matched with each other, the anti-slip gear is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, the locking tray is fixed on the upper part of one side of the rack, the anti-slip gear is arranged in the locking tray, and a detachable spring locking contact matched with the anti-slip gear is arranged in the locking tray;
when the sleeper lifting hook is lowered, the spring locking contact is detached from the locking tray, a constructor rotates the two hand cranks anticlockwise, and the rotating shaft is inverted to lower the sleeper lifting hook;
step 402, reserving a plurality of longitudinal steel bar reserved holes in the middle of the sleeper along the length direction of the sleeper, enabling two ends of a first sleeper to respectively penetrate through openings at the bottoms of two sleeper lifting hooks, enabling two hooks at the bottoms of the sleeper lifting hooks to be respectively inserted into two ends of one longitudinal steel bar reserved hole at the end part of the first sleeper, and respectively connecting and fixing two ends of the first sleeper with the two sleeper lifting hooks;
step 403, installing a spring locking contact in a locking tray by a constructor, rotating two hand cranks clockwise, enabling a rotating shaft to rotate forwards, gradually lifting sleepers by two sleeper lifting hooks, after a first sleeper rises to the position below a steel rail and is tightly attached to the bottom of the steel rail, loosening the hand cranks by the constructor, stopping the rotating shaft and preventing the rotating shaft from rotating reversely under the action of the spring locking contact, hanging the first sleeper to the installation position of the first sleeper through the sleeper lifting hooks, and after aligning the first sleeper with bolt holes of a fastener corresponding to the first sleeper, fastening and connecting the sleeper with the fastener through an anchoring bolt to complete installation of the first sleeper;
and step five, moving the long sleeper mounting machine to the mounting position of the next sleeper to mount the next sleeper after the previous sleeper is mounted, wherein the process of moving the long sleeper mounting machine is as follows:
step 501, disassembling the spring locking contact from the locking tray, rotating two hand cranks anticlockwise by a constructor, and disassembling the sleeper lifting hook from the first sleeper after a lifting wire between the sleeper lifting hook and the winding mechanism is loosened due to the fact that a rotating shaft is inverted;
502, opening the baffles at the end parts of the two iron shoes, pushing a long sleeper installing machine, fastening the baffles at the end parts of the two iron shoes after the long sleeper installing machine moves forwards to the installing position of the next sleeper along the steel rail, and locking the rollers by using the iron shoes;
step six, installing the next sleeper: taking the next sleeper as the first sleeper, repeating the step four, and finishing the installation of the next sleeper at the installation position of the next sleeper;
step seven, the step five to the step six are circulated for multiple times until the laying of the track panel on the bed to be paved is completed;
step eight, disassembling the long sleeper assembling machine: the spring locking contact is detached from the locking tray, and a constructor rotates two hand cranks anticlockwise to detach the sleeper lifting hook from the first sleeper; then, a spring locking contact is installed in the locking tray, the two hand-operated handles are rotated clockwise, and the two sleeper lifting hooks are retracted; and opening the baffles at the ends of the two iron shoes, and lifting the long sleeper mounting machine away by using a crane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the long sleeper mounting machine, the rack of the long sleeper mounting machine is mounted on the steel rail, so that the mounting stability of the long sleeper mounting machine can be guaranteed, further, construction errors caused by shaking of a long sleeper in the long sleeper mounting process can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the safety problem existing in the conventional manual long sleeper mounting process can be effectively solved, personnel allocation in the long sleeper mounting process can be effectively reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
2. According to the long sleeper mounting machine, the lockable guide roller mechanisms are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the two sides of the rack and are matched with the steel rail of the track, so that the rack can be conveniently moved on the steel rail, and the mounting efficiency of sleepers is improved.
3. The long sleeper installing machine adopted by the invention can carry out quick hoisting and installation of sleepers through the two sleeper hoisting units by symmetrically installing the two sleeper hoisting units on the rack, can effectively reduce the labor intensity of constructors, is convenient to improve the installation precision of the sleepers, effectively accelerates the track laying speed, improves the economic benefit and has wide popularization and application values in track traffic construction.
4. According to the long sleeper mounting machine, the anti-reversing mechanism is mounted between the rotating shaft and the rack, so that when an accident occurs in the process of lifting a sleeper in the mounting process of the sleeper, the anti-reversing mechanism can prevent the rotating shaft from reversing, the sleeper from falling under the action of gravity, the sleeper is protected, and the accident is avoided.
5. According to the method, the sleeper mark is arranged on the steel rail to position the sleeper, and when the sleeper is laid, the whole track panel can be laid only by continuously moving the long sleeper mounting machine along the steel rail, so that the laying efficiency of the track panel can be effectively improved, and the construction time is shortened.
In conclusion, the sleeper lifting mechanism is reasonable in structural design, simple and convenient in operation method and safe to use, the two sleeper lifting units are arranged on the rack, so that the long sleeper mounting machine can realize quick and stable mounting of the sleepers by fully depending on mechanical principles and geometrical structures, the anti-reverse mechanism is arranged between the rotating shaft and the rack, the sleepers can be effectively prevented from falling under the action of gravity, the sleepers are further protected, accidents are avoided, the track laying speed can be effectively accelerated, the economic benefit is improved, and the sleeper lifting mechanism has wide popularization and application values in track traffic construction.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a long sleeper installing machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the anti-reverse mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the guide roller mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, a frame; 1-bottom frame body; 1-2-a support frame;
2, a sleeper hoisting channel; 3, hanging wires; 4-sleeper hook;
5, a rotating shaft; 5-1-hand crank; 6, rolling wheels;
7, iron shoes; 7-1-baffle; 8, a first rotating shaft mounting seat;
9-a second rotating shaft mounting seat; 10-anti-reverse mechanism; 10-1-anti-skid gear;
10-2-locking the tray; 10-3-spring locking contact; 11-capstan.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the hand-operated long sleeper mounting machine capable of being automatically locked comprises a rack 1 and two sleeper lifting units, wherein the rack 1 and the two sleeper lifting units are symmetrically mounted on a track, the lower parts of the two sides of the rack 1 are respectively provided with a guide roller mechanism capable of being locked, the guide roller mechanism is matched with a track steel rail, the sleeper lifting units comprise a winding mechanism and a sleeper lifting hook 4, the sleeper lifting hook 4 is arranged below the winding mechanism through a lifting wire 3, the winding mechanism comprises a rotating shaft 5 which is rotatably mounted on the upper part of one side of the rack 1 and is used for winding the lifting wire 3, the two sides of the rack 1 are respectively provided with a hand crank 5-1 for driving the rotating shaft 5 to rotate, the upper end of the lifting wire 3 is wound on the rotating shaft 5, the sleeper lifting hook 4 is fixed at the lower end of the lifting wire 3, and an anti-reversing mechanism 10 is mounted between the rotating, and a sleeper hoisting channel 2 for a sleeper lifting hook 4 to pass through is arranged at the bottom of the machine frame 1.
During the in-service use, through installing frame 1 with long sleeper mounting plate on the rail, can guarantee the installation stability of long sleeper mounting plate, and then can effectively reduce and rock the construction error that produces because of long sleeper in the long sleeper installation, simultaneously, can also effectively solve the safety problem that traditional manual work carried out long sleeper installation and exists, can effectively reduce the personnel in the long sleeper installation and be equipped with, improve the efficiency of construction.
It should be noted that, the lockable guide roller mechanisms are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the two sides of the rack 1, and the guide roller mechanisms are matched with the steel rails of the track, so that the rack 1 can move on the steel rails conveniently, and the installation efficiency of the sleeper is improved.
In this embodiment, through two sleeper handling units of symmetry installation in frame 1, can carry out the quick handling and the installation of sleeper through two sleeper handling units, can effectively reduce constructor's intensity of labour, be convenient for simultaneously improve the installation accuracy of sleeper.
During the in-service use, through installation anti-inversion mechanism 10 between pivot 5 and frame 1, in the installation that carries out the sleeper, when the sleeper rises the in-process and meets accident, anti-inversion mechanism 10 can prevent that pivot 5 from reversing, avoids the sleeper to drop under its action of gravity, and then realizes the protection to the sleeper, avoids the occurence of failure simultaneously.
In this embodiment, sleeper handling passageway 2 is the rectangle passageway, sets up sleeper handling passageway 2 through the bottom at frame 1, is convenient for observe the handling state of sleeper at any time, is favorable to the installation of sleeper.
In this embodiment, the rack 1 includes a bottom rack 1-1 and three support frames 1-2 arranged above the bottom rack 1-1 and used for mounting a sleeper lifting unit, the two guide roller mechanisms are respectively mounted on two sides of the bottom rack 1-1, the support frames 1-2 are angular support frames, and the three support frames 1-2 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the bottom rack 1-1.
During actual use, the bottom frame body 1-1 comprises two transverse connecting rods connected between two iron shoes 7, the transverse connecting rods are arranged along the length direction of the steel rail, the transverse connecting rods and the iron shoes 7 are fixed into a whole, the two transverse connecting rods and the two iron shoes 7 form a rectangular frame, and an internal channel of the rectangular frame is the sleeper lifting channel 2.
It should be noted that the opening of the support frame 1-2 is downward, and the support frame 1-2 is provided as an angular support frame, so that the support frame 1-2 has sufficient stability.
In this embodiment, the three support frames 1-2 are parallel to each other, one support frame 1-2 is installed in the middle of the bottom frame body 1-1, and the other two support frames 1-2 are respectively installed on the upper portions of the two guide roller mechanisms.
When the iron shoe support is actually used, two ends of the upper opening of one support frame 1-2 are respectively fixed in the middle of two transverse connecting rods of the bottom frame body 1-1, and the opening ends of the other two support frames 1-2 are respectively fixed on the upper parts of two iron shoes 7.
It should be noted that the three support frames 1-2 can be used for installing a sleeper lifting unit and play a main supporting role in the lifting process of sleepers.
In this embodiment, a first rotating shaft mounting seat 8 for mounting the rotating shaft 5 is mounted at the top of each of two support frames 1-2 on two sides of the bottom frame body 1-1, and a second rotating shaft mounting seat 9 for mounting the end portions of the two rotating shafts 5 is mounted at the top of one support frame 1-2 in the middle of the bottom frame body 1-1.
During the in-service use, be provided with in the first pivot mount pad 8 and supply pivot 5 to rotate the ball bearing of installation, install the limiting plate in the second pivot mount pad 9, the limiting plate divides into two with the inside passage of second pivot mount pad 9, and a ball bearing is installed respectively to the both sides of limiting plate in the second pivot mount pad 9.
It should be noted that, both ends of the rotating shaft 5 are respectively rotatably mounted on the first rotating shaft mounting seat 8 and the second rotating shaft mounting seat 9, so as to ensure the mounting stability of the rotating shaft 5.
In this embodiment, the anti-reverse mechanism 10 is an automatic locking ratchet, the anti-reverse mechanism 10 includes an anti-slip gear 10-1 and a locking tray 10-2 which are matched with each other, the anti-slip gear 10-1 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 5, the locking tray 10-2 is fixed on the upper portion of one side of the rack 1, the locking tray 10-2 is sleeved outside the anti-slip gear 10-1, and a detachable spring locking contact 10-3 which is matched with the anti-slip gear 10-1 is mounted in the locking tray 10-2.
In practical use, the locking tray 10-2 is a cylindrical tray, the locking tray 10-2 and the rotating shafts 5 are coaxially arranged, and the locking tray 10-2 is fixed on the outer sides of the two first rotating shaft mounting seats 8 respectively.
It should be noted that, when the anti-skid gear 10-1 rotates forward, the spring locking contacts 10-3 sequentially slide on the tooth backs of the anti-skid gear 10-1, and when the anti-skid gear 10-1 rotates backward, the spring locking contacts 10-3 are inserted into the tooth grooves of the anti-skid gear 10-1 and prevent the anti-skid gear 10-1 from rotating backward, so that the anti-skid gear 10-1 is stationary.
In this embodiment, the teeth in the anti-skid gear 10-1 are arc teeth, the spring locking contact 10-3 includes an arc-shaped tooth-shaped contact matched with the anti-skid gear 10-1, one end of the arc-shaped tooth-shaped contact is hinged to the inner side of the locking tray 10-2, the convex arc surface of the arc-shaped tooth-shaped contact is connected with the inner side of the locking tray 10-2 through a spring, when the arc-shaped tooth-shaped contact rotates clockwise in a forward direction, the arc-shaped tooth-shaped contact sequentially slides on the back of the teeth of the anti-skid gear 10-1, and when the anti-skid gear 10-1 rotates reversely, the arc-shaped tooth-shaped contact is inserted into the tooth socket of the anti-skid gear 10-1 under the tensile force of the spring and prevents the arc.
In this embodiment, two pivot 5 lay on same straight line, the middle part at frame 1 is installed to the one end of pivot 5, the other end of pivot 5 stretches out to the frame 1 outside, hand crank 5-1 is connected and is stretched out to the one end tip in the frame 1 outside on pivot 5.
During the in-service use, control two sleeper lifting hooks 4 respectively through two pivot 5, the constructor operation of being convenient for improves the flexibility of long sleeper mounting plate, is convenient for overhaul long sleeper mounting plate simultaneously, improves the life of long sleeper mounting plate.
It should be noted that each rotating shaft 5 is provided with a hand crank 5-1, so that constructors can conveniently control the hand crank 5-1 manually to lift the sleeper; compared with the traditional method of manually lifting the sleeper for installation, the method can effectively reduce the labor intensity of constructors.
In the embodiment, the hand crank 5-1 and the rotating shaft 5 are fixed into a whole, when the spring locking contact 10-3 is installed in the locking tray 10-2, a constructor rotates the hand crank 5-1 clockwise to enable the rotating shaft to rotate forwards to lift the sleeper, the constructor loosens the hand crank 5-1, and under the action of the spring locking contact 10-3, the rotating shaft 5 and the hand crank 5-1 are locked reversely and cannot rotate backwards.
In this embodiment, two winches 11 for limiting the suspension wire 3 are fixed on the rotating shaft 5.
During the in-service use, capstan winch 11 is the circular capstan winch that is coaxial laying with pivot 5, and two capstan winches 11 can carry on spacingly to suspension wire 3, prevent that the winding in-process of suspension wire 3 from taking place the off tracking, and then lead to sleeper installation accuracy to descend.
In this embodiment, the sleeper lifting hook 4 is a triangular lifting hook, the vertex angle of the sleeper lifting hook 4 is fixed at the lower end of the suspension wire 3, and the bottom side of the sleeper lifting hook 4 is provided with an opening.
During the in-service use, sleeper lifting hook 4 is preferred to be isosceles triangle lifting hook, through setting up sleeper lifting hook 4 into triangle-shaped lifting hook, can guarantee the stability of sleeper lifting in-process, and when 3 lower extremes of suspension wire were fixed to the apex angle of sleeper lifting hook 4, the base of sleeper lifting hook 4 can keep the level.
It should be noted that, the opening is formed on the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook 4, so that the bottom of the sleeper lifting hook 4 is provided with two hooks which are arranged oppositely, a sleeper can be conveniently hooked, and the sleeper lifting hook 4 is reliably connected with the sleeper.
In this embodiment, the sleeper lifting hook 4 has certain flexibility, and when the sleeper is hung on the sleeper lifting hook 4, the two sides of the sleeper lifting hook 4 can be outwards opened, so that two hooks of the sleeper lifting hook 4 can be conveniently hooked on the two sides of the sleeper respectively.
In this embodiment, the guide roller mechanism includes a roller 6 and an iron shoe 7 which are matched with each other, the roller 6 is located in the iron shoe 7, and a baffle 7-1 for locking the roller 6 is arranged at one end of the iron shoe 7.
During practical use, the iron shoes 7 are arranged on the outer sides of the rollers 6, and after the long sleeper mounting machine moves in place, the baffle 7-1 at one ends of the iron shoes 7 can be fastened to lock the rollers 6, so that the anti-slip effect is achieved, and the mounting accuracy of the sleeper is guaranteed.
Fig. 4 shows a method for installing a long sleeper by using a hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of automatically locking, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, erecting a steel rail: transporting the steel rail sections and the sleepers to a to-be-paved track according to the design requirements of a drawing, erecting a plurality of steel rail sections at the design positions of two steel rails respectively to form a track of the to-be-paved track, wherein the number of the steel rail sections on the two steel rails is equal and corresponds to one another;
during actual use, the sleeper transport vehicle is adopted to transport the steel rail sections and the sleepers to a to-be-paved bed, and then the steel rail sections and the sleepers on the sleeper transport vehicle are hoisted and scattered by the crane to be paved on the to-be-paved bed.
In this embodiment, when the steel rail is erected, two steel rail sections are successively erected and connected in pairs, and the distance between two steel rails of the track is erected according to the design distance.
Step two, positioning the sleeper: making a sleeper mark at the design position of each sleeper on the two steel rails, positioning the sleepers through the sleeper marks, placing a corresponding number of sleepers below the steel rails according to the number of the sleeper marks on the steel rails, and respectively installing fasteners at two sides of the steel rails at the positions of the sleeper marks for fixing the sleepers;
during the in-service use, make corresponding sleeper mark on the rail according to the design position of sleeper, when carrying out the installation of sleeper, only need to remove the accurate installation that can accomplish the sleeper to every sleeper mark position department with long sleeper mounting plate, can effectively improve the efficiency of construction.
It should be noted that the fasteners are transported to the bed to be paved along with the sleepers, and after the sleeper marks are made, corresponding fasteners are installed at the positions of the sleeper marks, so that the sleepers can be conveniently positioned through the fasteners, and meanwhile, the sleepers can be quickly installed.
In this embodiment, the fastener is all installed to orbital every rail bottom, and fastener detachable installs on the rail, set up on the sleeper with anchor bolt matched with screw hole, rises to the rail below when the sleeper, and when the up end of sleeper was hugged closely with the bottom of rail simultaneously, accessible anchor bolt was connected fastener and sleeper fastening, and then realized the installation to the sleeper.
Step three, erecting a long sleeper installing machine: the long sleeper installing machine is hung to one end of a steel rail through a crane, two guide roller mechanisms at the lower part of the long sleeper installing machine are respectively installed on two rails of the steel rail, and each guide roller mechanism comprises a roller 6 and an iron shoe 7;
in practical use, before the long sleeper installing machine is hung on a steel rail, the baffle 7-1 at the end part of the iron shoe 7 is firstly opened, so that the guide roller mechanism can be normally installed on two steel rails of a track.
It should be noted that, when laying sleepers, the sleepers may be laid in sequence from one end to the other end of a rail on a bed to be paved.
Step four, installing a first sleeper, namely taking a sleeper mark at one end part of the steel rail provided with the long sleeper installing machine as an installing position of the first sleeper, and installing the first sleeper, wherein the process is as follows:
step 401, moving a long sleeper installing machine to the installing position of a first sleeper, fastening a baffle 7-1 at the end part of two iron shoes 7, locking a roller 6 by using the iron shoes 7, simultaneously lowering two sleeper lifting hooks 4 to two sides of the sleeper through two winding mechanisms respectively, and keeping the anti-reverse mechanism 10 from anti-reverse at the moment;
in practical use, before the long sleeper installing machine is fixed on a steel rail, firstly, the middle of the iron shoe 7 needs to be aligned with a sleeper mark at the installing position of a first sleeper, and then the baffle 7-1 at the end parts of the two iron shoes 7 is fastened to lock the roller 6.
It should be noted that, when two sleeper hooks 4 are lowered, the anti-backup mechanism 10 does not play a role of anti-backup, that is, the spring locking contact 10-3 in the anti-backup mechanism 10 is not installed in the locking tray 10-2, so that the rotating shaft 5 can be ensured to be reversed.
The hand crank 5-1 is connected to the end part of one end of the rotating shaft 5, which extends out of the rack 1, the sleeper lifting hook 4 is a triangular lifting hook, and an opening is formed in the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook 4, so that the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook 4 is provided with two oppositely-arranged hooks;
the anti-reverse mechanism 10 comprises an anti-slip gear 10-1 and a locking tray 10-2 which are matched with each other, the anti-slip gear 10-1 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 5, the locking tray 10-2 is fixed on the upper part of one side of the rack 1, the anti-slip gear 10-1 is arranged in the locking tray 10-2, and a detachable spring locking contact 10-3 matched with the anti-slip gear 10-1 is arranged in the locking tray 10-2;
when the sleeper lifting hook 4 is lowered, the spring locking contact 10-3 is detached from the locking tray 10-2, a constructor rotates the two hand cranks 5-1 anticlockwise, and the rotating shaft 5 is reversed to lower the sleeper lifting hook 4;
when the sleeper lifting hook is actually used and installed, two constructors need to rotate the two hand cranks 5-1 at the same time, when the two hand cranks 5-1 are rotated, the two constructors stand oppositely and rotate the corresponding hand cranks 5-1 anticlockwise, and at the moment, the two rotating shafts 5 are inverted to enable the sleeper lifting hook 4 to descend; the rotation directions of the two rotating shafts 5 are always kept in opposite states.
Step 402, reserving a plurality of longitudinal steel bar reserved holes in the middle of the sleeper along the length direction of the sleeper, enabling two ends of a first sleeper to respectively penetrate through openings at the bottoms of two sleeper lifting hooks 4, enabling two hooks at the bottoms of the sleeper lifting hooks 4 to be respectively inserted into two ends of one longitudinal steel bar reserved hole at the end part of the first sleeper, and respectively connecting and fixing two ends of the first sleeper with the two sleeper lifting hooks 4;
during the in-service use, through hanging two sleeper lifting hooks 4 respectively and establishing in the longitudinal reinforcement preformed hole at sleeper both ends, can guarantee the reliability of being connected between sleeper lifting hook 4 and the sleeper, simultaneously, avoid seting up alone on the sleeper and hang the dress pore pair sleeper structure and produce the destruction.
Step 403, installing the spring locking contact 10-3 in the locking tray 10-2 by a constructor, rotating the two hand cranks 5-1 clockwise, enabling the rotating shaft 5 to rotate forwards, gradually lifting the sleeper by the two sleeper lifting hooks 4, loosening the hand cranks 5-1 by the constructor after the first sleeper rises to the position below the steel rail and clings to the bottom of the steel rail, stopping rotation of the rotating shaft 5 and preventing inversion under the action of the spring locking contact 10-3, lifting the first sleeper to the installation position of the first sleeper through the sleeper lifting hook 4 at the moment, aligning the bolt holes of the first sleeper and the corresponding fastener, and then fastening and connecting the sleeper and the fastener through the anchor bolt to complete installation of the first sleeper;
in practical use, after the sleeper and the two sleeper lifting hooks 4 are fixed, the rotating shaft 5 needs to rotate forwards to lift the sleeper, and when the sleeper is lifted, in order to reduce the labor intensity of constructors and ensure the construction safety, the anti-reverse mechanism 10 needs to play a role in preventing reverse rotation, and therefore the spring locking contact 10-3 needs to be installed in the locking tray 10-2.
And step five, moving the long sleeper mounting machine to the mounting position of the next sleeper to mount the next sleeper after the previous sleeper is mounted, wherein the process of moving the long sleeper mounting machine is as follows:
step 501, the spring locking contact 10-3 is detached from the locking tray 10-2, a constructor rotates two hand cranks 5-1 anticlockwise, and the rotating shaft 5 is inverted to enable the suspension wire 3 between the sleeper lifting hook 4 and the winding mechanism to be loosened, and then the sleeper lifting hook 4 is detached from a first sleeper;
during the in-service use, when the sleeper rises to the rail below, when carrying out the connection of sleeper and fastener fixed, two suspension wires 3 all are in the state of straining, exert an ascending pulling force to the sleeper, the assembly of the anchor bolt of being convenient for.
502, opening the baffles 7-1 at the end parts of the two iron shoes 7, pushing a long sleeper installing machine, fastening the baffles 7-1 at the end parts of the two iron shoes 7 after the long sleeper installing machine moves forwards to the installing position of the next sleeper along the steel rail, and locking the roller 6 by using the iron shoes 7;
step six, installing the next sleeper: taking the next sleeper as the first sleeper, repeating the step four, and finishing the installation of the next sleeper at the installation position of the next sleeper;
step seven, the step five to the step six are circulated for multiple times until the laying of the track panel on the bed to be paved is completed;
when the sleeper is practically used, the track panel is paved after all the sleepers on the bed to be paved are installed.
Step eight, disassembling the long sleeper assembling machine: the spring locking contact 10-3 is detached from the locking tray 10-2, and a constructor rotates two hand cranks 5-1 anticlockwise to detach the sleeper lifting hook 4 from the first sleeper; then, a spring locking contact 10-3 is installed in a locking tray 10-2, two hand cranks 5-1 are rotated clockwise, and two sleeper lifting hooks 4 are retracted; and (5) opening the baffles 7-1 at the ends of the two iron shoes 7, and hanging the long sleeper mounting machine away by using a crane.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a long sleeper mounting plate of hand formula that can lock die automatically which characterized in that: including rack (1) and the sleeper handling unit of two symmetries on rack (1) of installing on the track, the both sides lower part of rack (1) is provided with a guide roller mechanism that can lock respectively, guide roller mechanism cooperatees with orbital rail, sleeper handling unit includes wire winding mechanism and sleeper lifting hook (4), sleeper lifting hook (4) are hung through lifting wire (3) and are established in the below of wire winding mechanism, wire winding mechanism is including rotating pivot (5) of installing on one side upper portion of rack (1) and supplying lifting wire (3) winding, the both sides of rack (1) are provided with one respectively and are used for driving rotatory hand crank (5-1) of pivot (5), the upper end winding of lifting wire (3) is on pivot (5), the lower extreme at lifting wire (3) is fixed in sleeper lifting hook (4), install anti-reversing mechanism (10) between pivot (5) and rack (1), and a sleeper hoisting channel (2) for a sleeper lifting hook (4) to pass through is arranged at the bottom of the rack (1).
2. The hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of being automatically locked up according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the machine frame (1) comprises a bottom frame body (1-1) and three support frames (1-2) which are arranged above the bottom frame body and used for mounting a sleeper lifting unit, the two guide roller mechanisms are respectively mounted on two sides of the bottom frame body (1-1), the support frames (1-2) are angular support frames, and the three support frames (1-2) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the bottom frame body (1-1).
3. The hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of being automatically locked up as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the three support frames (1-2) are parallel to each other, one support frame (1-2) is arranged in the middle of the bottom frame body (1-1), and the other two support frames (1-2) are respectively arranged on the upper parts of the two guide roller mechanisms.
4. The hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of being automatically locked up as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the support frame is characterized in that a first rotating shaft mounting seat (8) for mounting a rotating shaft (5) is mounted at the tops of two support frames (1-2) on two sides of the bottom frame body (1-1), and a second rotating shaft mounting seat (9) for mounting the end parts of the two rotating shafts (5) is mounted at the top of one support frame (1-2) in the middle of the bottom frame body (1-1).
5. The hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of being automatically locked up according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the anti-reverse mechanism (10) is an automatic locking ratchet wheel, the anti-reverse mechanism (10) comprises an anti-slip gear (10-1) and a locking tray (10-2) which are matched with each other, the anti-slip gear (10-1) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (5), the locking tray (10-2) is fixed on the upper portion of one side of the rack (1), the locking tray (10-2) is sleeved outside the anti-slip gear (10-1), and a detachable spring locking contact (10-3) matched with the anti-slip gear (10-1) is installed in the locking tray (10-2).
6. The hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of being automatically locked up according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two pivot (5) are laid on same straight line, the middle part in frame (1) is installed to the one end of pivot (5), the other end of pivot (5) stretches out to the frame (1) outside, hand crank (5-1) are connected and are stretched out the one end tip in frame (1) outside on pivot (5).
7. The hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of being automatically locked up according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two winches (11) for limiting the suspension wire (3) are fixed on the rotating shaft (5).
8. The hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of being automatically locked up according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sleeper lifting hook (4) is a triangular lifting hook, the vertex angle of the sleeper lifting hook (4) is fixed at the lower end of the suspension wire (3), and the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook (4) is provided with an opening.
9. The hand-operated long sleeper installing machine capable of being automatically locked up according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the guide roller mechanism comprises a roller (6) and an iron shoe (7) which are matched, the roller (6) is positioned in the iron shoe (7), and one end of the iron shoe (7) is provided with a baffle (7-1) used for locking the roller (6).
10. A method of installing long ties using the long tie installation machine of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, erecting a steel rail: transporting the steel rail sections and the sleepers to a to-be-paved track according to the design requirements of a drawing, erecting a plurality of steel rail sections at the design positions of two steel rails respectively to form a track of the to-be-paved track, wherein the number of the steel rail sections on the two steel rails is equal and corresponds to one another;
step two, positioning the sleeper: making a sleeper mark at the design position of each sleeper on the two steel rails, positioning the sleepers through the sleeper marks, placing a corresponding number of sleepers below the steel rails according to the number of the sleeper marks on the steel rails, and respectively installing fasteners at two sides of the steel rails at the positions of the sleeper marks for fixing the sleepers;
step three, erecting a long sleeper installing machine: the long sleeper installing machine is hung to one end of a steel rail through a crane, two guide roller mechanisms at the lower part of the long sleeper installing machine are respectively installed on two rails of the steel rail, and each guide roller mechanism comprises a roller (6) and an iron shoe (7);
step four, installing a first sleeper, namely taking a sleeper mark at one end part of the steel rail provided with the long sleeper installing machine as an installing position of the first sleeper, and installing the first sleeper, wherein the process is as follows:
step 401, moving a long sleeper installing machine to the installing position of a first sleeper, fastening a baffle (7-1) at the end part of two iron shoes (7), locking a roller (6) by using the iron shoes, simultaneously lowering two sleeper lifting hooks (4) to two sides of the sleeper through two winding mechanisms respectively, and at the moment, not playing a role of preventing the anti-reverse rotation by the anti-reverse rotation mechanism (10);
the hand crank (5-1) is connected to the end part of one end, extending out of the rack (1), of the rotating shaft (5), the sleeper lifting hook (4) is a triangular lifting hook, and an opening is formed in the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook (4), so that two hooks which are arranged oppositely are arranged on the bottom edge of the sleeper lifting hook (4);
the anti-reverse mechanism (10) comprises an anti-slip gear (10-1) and a locking tray (10-2) which are matched with each other, the anti-slip gear (10-1) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (5), the locking tray (10-2) is fixed on the upper part of one side of the rack (1), the anti-slip gear (10-1) is arranged in the locking tray (10-2), and a detachable spring locking contact (10-3) matched with the anti-slip gear (10-1) is arranged in the locking tray (10-2);
when the sleeper lifting hook (4) is lowered, the spring locking contact (10-3) is detached from the locking tray (10-2), a constructor rotates two hand cranks (5-1) anticlockwise, and the rotating shaft (5) is reversed to lower the sleeper lifting hook (4);
step 402, reserving a plurality of longitudinal steel bar reserved holes in the middle of the sleeper along the length direction of the sleeper, enabling two ends of a first sleeper to respectively penetrate through openings at the bottoms of two sleeper lifting hooks (4), enabling two hooks at the bottoms of the sleeper lifting hooks (4) to be respectively inserted into two ends of one longitudinal steel bar reserved hole at the end part of the first sleeper, and respectively connecting and fixing two ends of the first sleeper with the two sleeper lifting hooks (4);
step 403, installing a spring locking contact (10-3) in a locking tray (10-2) by a constructor, rotating two hand cranks (5-1) clockwise, enabling the rotating shaft (5) to rotate forwards, gradually hoisting sleepers by two sleeper lifting hooks (4), loosening the hand cranks (5-1) by the constructor after a first sleeper rises to the position below a steel rail and clings to the bottom of the steel rail, stopping rotation of the rotating shaft (5) and preventing inversion under the action of the spring locking contact (10-3), hoisting the first sleeper to the installation position of the first sleeper through the sleeper lifting hook (4), aligning bolt holes of the first sleeper and a fastener corresponding to the first sleeper, and fastening and connecting the sleeper and the fastener through an anchoring bolt to complete installation of the first sleeper;
and step five, moving the long sleeper mounting machine to the mounting position of the next sleeper to mount the next sleeper after the previous sleeper is mounted, wherein the process of moving the long sleeper mounting machine is as follows:
501, detaching a spring locking contact (10-3) from a locking tray (10-2), rotating two hand cranks (5-1) anticlockwise by a constructor, enabling a rotating shaft (5) to be inverted so that a suspension wire (3) between a sleeper lifting hook (4) and a winding mechanism is loosened, and detaching the sleeper lifting hook (4) from a first sleeper;
502, opening the baffles (7-1) at the end parts of the two iron shoes (7), pushing a long sleeper installing machine, fastening the baffles (7-1) at the end parts of the two iron shoes (7) after the long sleeper installing machine moves forwards to the installing position of the next sleeper along the steel rail, and locking the roller (6) by using the iron shoes;
step six, installing the next sleeper: taking the next sleeper as the first sleeper, repeating the step four, and finishing the installation of the next sleeper at the installation position of the next sleeper;
step seven, the step five to the step six are circulated for multiple times until the laying of the track panel on the bed to be paved is completed;
step eight, disassembling the long sleeper assembling machine: the spring locking contact (10-3) is detached from the locking tray (10-2), and a constructor rotates two hand cranks (5-1) anticlockwise to detach the sleeper lifting hook (4) from a first sleeper; then, a spring locking contact (10-3) is installed in a locking tray (10-2), two hand cranks (5-1) are rotated clockwise, and two sleeper lifting hooks (4) are retracted; and (3) opening the baffles (7-1) at the ends of the two iron shoes (7), and hoisting the long sleeper mounting machine away by using a crane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010435995.XA CN111485461A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Hand-operated long sleeper mounting machine capable of being automatically locked and long sleeper mounting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010435995.XA CN111485461A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Hand-operated long sleeper mounting machine capable of being automatically locked and long sleeper mounting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111485461A true CN111485461A (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010435995.XA Pending CN111485461A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Hand-operated long sleeper mounting machine capable of being automatically locked and long sleeper mounting method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112391881A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-23 | 贵州诸葛云网络科技有限公司 | Construction equipment for U-shaped beam integral ballast bed of rail transit |
| CN112593465A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-02 | 中南大学 | Intelligent rubber sleeper |
-
2020
- 2020-05-21 CN CN202010435995.XA patent/CN111485461A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112391881A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-23 | 贵州诸葛云网络科技有限公司 | Construction equipment for U-shaped beam integral ballast bed of rail transit |
| CN112593465A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-02 | 中南大学 | Intelligent rubber sleeper |
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