CN111485179B - Valve guide material, valve guide and device - Google Patents
Valve guide material, valve guide and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111485179B CN111485179B CN202010256148.7A CN202010256148A CN111485179B CN 111485179 B CN111485179 B CN 111485179B CN 202010256148 A CN202010256148 A CN 202010256148A CN 111485179 B CN111485179 B CN 111485179B
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- valve guide
- copper
- guide pipe
- infiltration
- treatment
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F3/26—Impregnating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a valve guide pipe material, a valve guide pipe and a device, which comprise the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 0.6-1.5% of C, 10.0-20.0% of Cu, 1.0-3.0% of Mo, 0.2-1.2% of S and Ni:0.2 to 1.0 percent of Fe: the balance; the valve guide pipe material effectively improves the wear resistance of the valve guide pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of valve guide pipes, in particular to a valve guide pipe material, a valve guide pipe and a device.
Background
With the application and popularization of turbocharging, lean fuel and direct injection engines in cylinders, the working temperature of valve guide pipes is higher and higher, and common powder metallurgy valve guide pipes are easy to generate plastic flow of materials at high temperature, and are rapid in abrasion and poor in heat conductivity.
The valve guide pipe in the prior art is not optimized for a high-temperature environment, and is difficult to apply to a high-temperature engine; in the more advanced prior art, the valve guide pipe is subjected to copper infiltration treatment, but the copper infiltration treatment is carried out in a single direction, the copper infiltration is uneven, and the overall effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a valve guide pipe material, a valve guide pipe and a device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the valve guide pipe material comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 0.6-1.5% of C, 10.0-20.0% of Cu, 1.0-3.0% of Mo, 0.2-1.2% of S and Ni:0.2 to 1.0 percent of Fe: the balance.
Specifically, the material comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 0.9-1.2% of C, 14.0-16.0% of Cu, 1.5-2.5% of Mo, 0.4-0.8% of S and Ni:0.4 to 0.8 percent of Fe: the balance.
A valve guide is prepared by using the valve guide material.
The device for producing the valve guide comprises a lower carbon plate and an upper carbon plate suspended on the lower carbon plate, wherein lower mounting holes are formed in the upper surface of the lower carbon plate, upper mounting holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the lower mounting holes in the vertical direction are formed in the lower surface of the upper carbon plate, lower copper sheets are arranged in the lower mounting holes, and upper copper sheets are arranged in the upper mounting holes; the lower end of the valve guide pipe stretches into the lower mounting hole and contacts with the lower copper sheet, and the upper end stretches into the upper mounting hole and contacts with the upper copper sheet.
Further, the device further comprises a bottom carbon plate, wherein the upper mounting holes and the lower mounting holes are through holes, and the lower carbon plate is placed on the bottom carbon plate.
Further, respective corresponding edges of the bottom carbon plate, the lower carbon plate, and the upper carbon plate are aligned in a vertical direction.
Further, the carbon column is arranged at four corners of the lower carbon plate, and the top of the carbon column is in tight contact with the lower surface of the upper carbon plate.
Further, the quality of the upper copper sheet is the same as that of the lower copper sheet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. the copper infiltration treatment is carried out at the two ends of the valve guide pipe, copper infiltration is uniform, the effect is better than that of unidirectional copper infiltration, partial pores of a metallographic structure of the valve guide pipe can be effectively filled, the mechanical properties such as density, hardness and crushing strength of the obtained valve guide pipe are obviously improved, ferrite in the metallographic structure of the valve guide pipe is reduced after copper infiltration, abrasion resistant phases such as martensite and bainite are increased, and the abrasion resistance of the valve guide pipe in a high-temperature environment can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the valve guide of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper carbon plate;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure diagram of a valve guide before copper infiltration;
fig. 5 is a metallographic structure diagram after copper infiltration.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With the application and popularization of turbocharging, lean fuel and direct injection engines in cylinders, the working temperature of valve guide pipes is higher and higher, and materials of common powder metallurgy valve guide pipes are easy to generate plastic flow at high temperature, so that the abrasion is faster.
The invention particularly relates to a valve guide pipe material, a valve guide pipe and a device, which can be used for carrying out copper infiltration on the two ends of the valve guide pipe, has high copper infiltration efficiency and uniform copper infiltration, and can be used for effectively filling partial pores of a metallographic structure of the valve guide pipe; copper has good heat conductivity, so that the valve guide pipe after copper infiltration can be applied to a high-temperature environment; and the elements are mutually matched, so that the abrasion-resistant phase is increased and the ferrite is reduced in the metallographic structure of the final product.
The C element is blended into Fe to play a solid solution strengthening role, so that the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the material are improved.
In the present invention, typical but non-limiting mass proportions of C are: 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2% or 1.5%.
The Cu element can fill the pores in the powder metallurgy part, so that the strength and toughness of the product are improved; it is possible to increase the thermal conductivity and improve the machinability.
In the present invention, typical but non-limiting mass proportions of Cu are: 10.0%, 11.0%, 12.0%, 13.0%, 14.0%, 15.0%, 16.0%, 17.0%, 18.0%, 19.0% or 20.0%.
On one hand, the Mo element can improve the strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the valve guide pipe; on the other hand, the thermal stability of the valve guide can be improved.
In the present invention, typical but non-limiting mass proportions of Mo are: 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% or 3.0%.
The S element can be used for valve guide machining performance.
In the present invention, typical but non-limiting mass proportions of S are: 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% or 1.2%.
The Ni element can improve the strength, toughness and wear resistance of the product and can improve the corrosion resistance of the product.
In the present invention, typical but non-limiting mass proportions of Ni are: 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% or 1.0%.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The valve guide pipe material provided in the embodiment 1 comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 1.1% of C, 15.0% of Cu, 2.0% of Mo, 0.65% of S and Ni:0.62%, fe: the balance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing and mixing raw material powder according to a proportion; (2) Pressing the mixed powder on a press to form, and simultaneously pressing copper sheets for copper infiltration; (3) Carrying out double-end copper infiltration treatment on the guide pipe molding blank and the copper infiltration copper sheet in a sintering furnace; (4) carrying out cryogenic treatment on the sintered blank by using liquid nitrogen; (5) Carrying out heat treatment on the blank subjected to the cold treatment in a heat treatment furnace; (6) rough grinding the outer circle by a centerless grinder; (7) machining the head part and the tail part by a numerical control lathe; and (8) finely grinding the outer circle and (9) immersing the oil and packaging.
Example 2
The valve guide pipe material provided in the embodiment 2 comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 0.6% of C, 10.0% of Cu, 3.0% of Mo, 1.2% of S and Ni:1.0%, fe: the balance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing and mixing raw material powder according to a proportion; (2) Pressing the mixed powder on a press to form, and simultaneously pressing copper sheets for copper infiltration; (3) Carrying out double-end copper infiltration treatment on the guide pipe molding blank and the copper infiltration copper sheet in a sintering furnace; (4) carrying out cryogenic treatment on the sintered blank by using liquid nitrogen; (5) Carrying out heat treatment on the blank subjected to the cold treatment in a heat treatment furnace; (6) rough grinding the outer circle by a centerless grinder; (7) machining the head part and the tail part by a numerical control lathe; and (8) finely grinding the outer circle and (9) immersing the oil and packaging.
Example 3
The valve guide pipe material provided in the embodiment 3 comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 1.5% of C, 20.0% of Cu, 1.0% of Mo, 0.2% of S and Ni:0.2%, fe: the balance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing and mixing raw material powder according to a proportion; (2) Pressing the mixed powder on a press to form, and simultaneously pressing copper sheets for copper infiltration; (3) Carrying out double-end copper infiltration treatment on the guide pipe molding blank and the copper infiltration copper sheet in a sintering furnace; (4) carrying out cryogenic treatment on the sintered blank by using liquid nitrogen; (5) Carrying out heat treatment on the blank subjected to the cold treatment in a heat treatment furnace; (6) rough grinding the outer circle by a centerless grinder; (7) machining the head part and the tail part by a numerical control lathe; and (8) finely grinding the outer circle and (9) immersing the oil and packaging.
Comparative example 1
The valve guide pipe material provided in the comparative example 1 comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 0.5% of C, 22.0% of Cu, 0.8% of Mo, 0.1% of S and Ni:0.1%, fe: the balance.
The procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The valve guide pipe material provided in comparative example 2 comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 1.6% of C, 9.0% of Cu, 3.5% of Mo, 1.5% of S and Ni:1.2%, fe: the balance.
The procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The valve guide pipe material provided in the comparative example 3 comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 1.1% of C, 2.0% of Mo, 0.65% of S and Ni:0.62%, fe: the balance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing and mixing raw material powder according to a proportion; (2) Pressing the mixed powder on a press to form; (3) sintering the molded blank in a sintering furnace at high temperature; (4) rough grinding an outer circle by a centerless grinder; (5) machining the head part and the tail part by a numerical control lathe; and (6) finely grinding the outer circle and (7) immersing the oil and packaging.
I.e. the valve guide of comparative example 3 was not copper-impregnated.
Comparative example 4
The valve guide pipe material provided in the comparative example 4 comprises the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 1.1% of C, 15.0% of Cu, 2.0% of Mo, 0.65% of S and Ni:0.62%, fe: the balance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing and mixing raw material powder according to a proportion; (2) Pressing the mixed powder on a press to form, and simultaneously pressing copper sheets for copper infiltration; (3) Carrying out single-end copper infiltration treatment on the catheter blank and the copper infiltration copper sheet in a sintering furnace; (4) carrying out cryogenic treatment on the sintered blank by using liquid nitrogen; (5) Carrying out heat treatment on the blank subjected to the cold treatment in a heat treatment furnace; (6) rough grinding the outer circle by a centerless grinder; (7) machining the head part and the tail part by a numerical control lathe; and (8) finely grinding the outer circle and (9) immersing the oil and packaging.
The abrasion resistance test was performed on the above examples and comparative examples.
The test conditions are that the temperature is 300 ℃, the revolution is 1000rpm, the test time is 10 hours, and the test equipment is a catheter friction tester.
The test results are as follows:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | |
| Wear/mm of inner circle of conduit | 0.074 | 0.089 | 0.083 | 0.105 | 0.118 | 0.175 | 0.129 |
| Valve stem wear/mm | 0.005 | 0.004 | 0.007 | 0.006 | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Total wear/mm | 0.079 | 0.093 | 0.090 | 0.111 | 0.123 | 0.181 | 0.133 |
| Average density/(g/cm) 3 ) | 7.495 | 7.285 | 7.512 | 7.535 | 7.385 | 6.704 | 7.245 |
| Average hardness/HRB | 113.2 | 109.3 | 115.3 | 116.4 | 108.5 | 85.3 | 114/87 |
| Average crushing strength/Mpa | 815 | 765 | 825 | 831 | 756 | 622.5 | 689 |
Referring to comparative example 3 and example 1, the double-ended copper-infiltrated valve guide had a double increase in wear resistance, an average density of about 11.8%, an average hardness of about 32.7%, and an average crushing strength of about 31% as compared to the valve guide without copper infiltration.
Referring to comparative example 4 and example 1, the wear resistance of the double-ended copper-infiltrated valve guide was improved by 40.6%, the average density was improved by about 3.5%, the average hardness was improved by about 12.1%, and the average crushing strength was improved by about 18.3% as compared to the single-ended copper-infiltrated valve guide.
Referring to comparative examples 1-2 and examples 1-3, when the valve guide material comprises the following elemental raw materials in mass ratio: 0.6-1.5% of C, 10.0-20.0% of Cu, 1.0-3.0% of Mo, 0.2-1.2% of S and Ni:0.2 to 1.0 percent of Fe: the balance is better in wear resistance, higher in density, hardness and crushing strength; the requirements of a high-performance engine adopting the technologies of turbocharging, lean combustion, direct injection in a cylinder and the like can be met.
When the double-end copper infiltration is carried out on the valve guide pipe, the following device can be used for realizing high copper infiltration efficiency and uniform copper infiltration; copper has good heat conductivity, so that the valve guide pipe after copper infiltration can be applied to a high-temperature environment; in the metallographic structure of the final product, the abrasion resistant phase is increased, and ferrite is reduced.
1-3, a device for producing a valve guide comprises a lower carbon plate 2 and an upper carbon plate 8 suspended above the lower carbon plate, wherein the upper surface of the lower carbon plate is provided with lower mounting holes 5, the lower surface of the upper carbon plate is provided with upper mounting holes 9 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the lower mounting holes in the vertical direction, the lower mounting holes are internally provided with lower copper sheets 4, and the upper mounting holes are internally provided with upper copper sheets 10; the lower end of the valve guide pipe stretches into the lower mounting hole and contacts with the lower copper sheet, and the upper end stretches into the upper mounting hole and contacts with the upper copper sheet.
The upper copper sheet is tightly contacted with the upper end of the valve guide pipe, and the lower copper sheet is tightly contacted with the lower end of the valve guide pipe, so that the copper infiltration effect can be improved.
Compared with single-end copper infiltration, double-end copper infiltration can improve the uniformity of copper infiltration; and after copper is infiltrated from the two ends of the valve guide pipe, the performances of the two ends of the valve guide pipe are the same, and the copper infiltrated end of the valve guide pipe does not need to be judged by a special process or equipment during machining, so that the subsequent machining efficiency of the valve guide pipe can be improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the bottom carbon plate 1 is further included, the upper mounting holes 9 and the lower mounting holes 5 are through holes, and the lower carbon plate 2 is placed on the bottom carbon plate.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the respective corresponding edges of the bottom carbon plate 1, the lower carbon plate 2, and the upper carbon plate 8 are aligned in the vertical direction; the stability of the device can be improved and the components are prevented from being separated from each other during operation.
As shown in fig. 2, further comprising carbon pillars 7 placed at four corners of the lower carbon plate, the tops of the carbon pillars being in abutting contact with the lower surface of the upper carbon plate 8.
As shown in fig. 3, the upper copper sheet 10 has the same mass as the lower copper sheet 4; the upper copper sheet and the lower copper sheet have the same quality, so that the copper seepage amounts at the two ends of the valve guide pipe are the same, and the performance of each part of the valve guide pipe is consistent.
The copper infiltration process of the invention is as follows: according to the outer diameter of the valve guide pipe, determining the aperture of the lower mounting hole and the aperture of the upper mounting hole and the hole distance between the mounting holes; preparing a valve guide pipe after powder metallurgy forming, and calculating the quality of an upper copper sheet and a lower copper sheet required; placing the lower carbon plate with the holes on the bottom carbon plate, and aligning the edges; placing a lower copper sheet into the lower mounting hole, and inserting the lower end of the valve guide pipe into the lower mounting hole; placing a carbon column at each of four corners of the lower carbon plate, placing the upper carbon plate on the carbon column, and inserting the upper end of the valve guide into the upper mounting hole, wherein the edges of the upper carbon plate, the lower carbon plate and the bottom carbon plate are aligned; placing an upper copper sheet on the upper surface of the valve guide through the upper mounting hole; and (5) placing the assembly into a sintering furnace for sintering to finish copper infiltration.
Fig. 4 shows a metallographic structure of a valve guide without copper infiltration, and fig. 5 shows a metallographic structure of a valve guide after copper infiltration, and comparison shows that most of pores in the valve guide are filled with copper, ferrite after copper infiltration is reduced, and wear-resistant phases such as martensite and bainite are increased.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a single embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to specific embodiments, and that the embodiments may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. The valve guide pipe material is characterized by comprising the following element raw materials in parts by mass: 0.6-1.5% of C, 10.0-20.0% of Cu, 1.0-3.0% of Mo, 0.2-1.2% of S and Ni:0.2 to 1.0 percent of Fe: the balance;
the manufacturing steps of the valve guide pipe material comprise: weighing and mixing raw material powder according to a proportion; pressing the mixed powder on a press to form, and simultaneously pressing copper sheets for copper infiltration; carrying out double-end copper infiltration treatment on the guide pipe molding blank and the copper infiltration copper sheet in a sintering furnace; carrying out cryogenic treatment on the sintered blank by using liquid nitrogen; carrying out heat treatment on the blank subjected to the cold treatment in a heat treatment furnace; coarsely grinding an outer circle by a centerless grinding machine; machining the head part and the tail part by a numerical control lathe; finely grinding the outer circle; and (5) soaking in oil and packaging.
2. A valve guide material according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.9-1.2% of C, 14.0-16.0% of Cu, 1.5-2.5% of Mo, 0.4-0.8% of S and Ni:0.4 to 0.8 percent of Fe: the balance.
3. A valve guide, characterized by: prepared using the valve guide material according to claim 1 or 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010256148.7A CN111485179B (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Valve guide material, valve guide and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| US5221321A (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1993-06-22 | Hyundai Motor Company | Fe-base sintered alloy for valve seats for use in internal combustion engines |
| CN1995438A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-07-11 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Method for preparing elconite |
| CN109306437A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-05 | 安徽金亿新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of ferrous alloy and its preparation method and application |
| CN109794610A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-24 | 仪征市昌达粉末冶金制品有限公司 | A kind of natural gas engine powder metallurgy valve seat |
| CN212223081U (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-12-25 | 安庆帝伯粉末冶金有限公司 | Device for copper infiltration of valve guide pipe |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5221321A (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1993-06-22 | Hyundai Motor Company | Fe-base sintered alloy for valve seats for use in internal combustion engines |
| CN1995438A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-07-11 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Method for preparing elconite |
| CN109306437A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-05 | 安徽金亿新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of ferrous alloy and its preparation method and application |
| CN109794610A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-24 | 仪征市昌达粉末冶金制品有限公司 | A kind of natural gas engine powder metallurgy valve seat |
| CN212223081U (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-12-25 | 安庆帝伯粉末冶金有限公司 | Device for copper infiltration of valve guide pipe |
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