CN111480656A - Method suitable for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine in water works - Google Patents
Method suitable for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine in water works Download PDFInfo
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- CN111480656A CN111480656A CN202010363107.8A CN202010363107A CN111480656A CN 111480656 A CN111480656 A CN 111480656A CN 202010363107 A CN202010363107 A CN 202010363107A CN 111480656 A CN111480656 A CN 111480656A
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- monochloramine
- chlorine
- water works
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- water
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for a water works. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention is combined with the production conditions of an actual water plant, is easy to realize engineering application, and has strong safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of disinfectant monochloramine, and relates to a method for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works.
Background
Disinfection has always been one of the most important links in waterworks in order to prevent the spread of water-borne diseases. The disinfectant is added to kill pathogenic microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria in water, so that the microbial level of the water meets the requirement of human health. For more than one hundred years, drinking water disinfection plays a critical role in controlling water-induced diseases and improving the safety of water supply microorganisms for human beings, thereby greatly reducing the incidence of the water-induced diseases.
At present, chlorination disinfection is still a disinfection mode commonly adopted in the treatment process of drinking water at home and abroad, and chlorine is used as a disinfectant and has strong inactivation capacity on pathogenic microorganisms, so that the chlorine disinfection plays a significant role in guaranteeing the safety of public drinking water. However, chlorine reacts with natural organic substances present in water to produce disinfection byproducts having strong "three-fold" characteristics, and the chemical risk generated by the disinfection byproducts draws attention from researchers. Meanwhile, chlorine disinfection can cause certain odor problem of drinking water, so that alternative disinfectants, such as chloramine, are gradually adopted by domestic and foreign waterworks.
While chloramine disinfection is less oxidizing and takes longer to meet expected microbiological control requirements, the remainder of the chloramine in the distribution network is more stable and lasts longer, Reilly reports that 63% of water samples still detect coliform bacteria when the chlorine remaining in the network water is higher than 0.2 mg/L, L echevalilie also finds chloramine disinfection to be more efficient than free chlorine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a process for preparing high-concentration monochloramine as disinfectant in water works includes such steps as adding nitrogen source and oxidant, adding chlorine source, and reaction.
Further, the nitrogen source is ammonium sulfate.
Furthermore, the dosage of the nitrogen source is 0.5-1.5 mg-N/L.
Further, the chlorine source is sodium hypochlorite solution, and the dosage of the chlorine source is 4-6mg-Cl2/L。
Further, the addition amount of the nitrogen source and the chlorine source satisfies the following requirements: the mass ratio of chlorine to nitrogen is 4-6: 1.
Further, the reaction temperature was controlled at 15 ℃ for 2 hours.
Further, in the reaction process, the G value is controlled to be 300-400s-1。
Further, the pH of the reaction solution is neutral or alkaline.
Furthermore, the adding rate of the chlorine source is controlled to be 3.3-9.9 ml/s.
Further, the water source is filtered water of a water works.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) ammonium sulfate is used as nitrogen source, the chlorine-nitrogen ratio (mass ratio) is controlled to be 4:1-6:1, the temperature is about 15 ℃, the reaction time is 2h, and the G value is 300--1When the pH is neutral or alkaline and the chlorine adding rate is 3.3-9.9ml/s, higher-concentration monochloramine can be generated.
2) The chemical reagents and materials used in the invention are conventional products used in water treatment, other toxic and harmful substances are not introduced, and the safety is particularly outstanding.
3) The conditions adopted in the invention are combined with actual production, so the applicability is strong, and the invention can provide actual technical support for water plant disinfection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the effect of different G values on the efficiency of monochloramine production.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of different nitrogen source to chlorine nitrogen ratios (mass ratios) on the efficiency of monochloramine production.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different temperatures on the efficiency of monochloramine production.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of different reaction times on the efficiency of monochloramine production.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of different chlorination rates on the efficiency of monochloramine production.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of different pH on the efficiency of monochloramine production.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, the filtered water of a waterworks is specifically pre-ozonated (ozone concentration of 0.1-0.2ppm), coagulated (adding 10-30ppm of aluminum sulfate), sand filtered (filtration rate control)Preparing the effluent after 8-10m/h) of treatment. The chlorine source is sodium hypochlorite solution, and the dosage of the chlorine source is 4-6mg-Cl2/L。
The remainder, unless otherwise indicated, are all conventional commercial materials or conventional processing techniques in the art.
Example 1:
adding 1 mg-N/L ammonium sulfate into the filtered water of a waterworks, controlling the temperature at 25 ℃ and the pH at 7.0, adding a sodium hypochlorite solution (namely a chlorine source) into the reaction solution, and controlling the adding amount of the sodium hypochlorite solution to be 5mg-Cl2/L, wherein the chlorine source is dosed at a rate of 3.3ml/s, and the G value is controlled to be 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700s in sequence-1The reaction was carried out, and after 2h, the concentrations of free chlorine, monochloramine and total chlorine in the solution were measured, and the amounts produced are shown in FIG. 1.
It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the difference in the production of monochloramine is large for different G values. With G values from 100s-1Increased to 300s-1In the process (2), the production of monochloramine gradually increases, when the G value is from 300s-1Increased to 400s-1When the amount of monochloramine produced was slightly reduced, the G value was from 400s-1Increased to 700s-1When the process is used, the production of monochloramine is obviously reduced. Therefore, the value G is controlled to be 300-400s-1Monochloramine can be produced more efficiently.
Example 2:
adding 1 mg-N/L nitrogen source into the filtered water of a waterworks, sequentially comprising ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonia water, ammonium carbonate and ammonium acetate, controlling the temperature at 25 ℃, the pH at 7.0 and the G value at 300s-1Adding sodium hypochlorite solution into the reaction solution, and controlling the adding amount to be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8mg-Cl respectively2L, the chlorine source is added at a rate of 3.3ml/s, and after 2h, the concentrations of free chlorine, monochloramine and total chlorine in the solution are measured, and the production is shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, higher concentrations of monochloramine were produced under the same conditions when ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride were used as the nitrogen source, whereas relatively lower concentrations of monochloramine were produced when ammonia, ammonium carbonate and ammonium acetate were used as the nitrogen source; the concentration of monochloramine produced is higher when the chlorine to nitrogen ratio is from 4:1 to 6: 1. It is known that monochloramine can be produced more efficiently by selecting an appropriate nitrogen source and controlling an appropriate chlorine-to-nitrogen ratio.
Example 3:
adding 1 mg-N/L ammonium sulfate into the filtered water of a waterworks, controlling the pH value to be 7.0, adding a sodium hypochlorite solution into the reaction solution, and controlling the adding amount to be 5mg-Cl2L, the adding rate of the chlorine source is 3.3ml/s, and the G value is 300s-1The temperature was controlled at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃, and the concentration of free chlorine, monochloramine and total chlorine in the solution was measured after 2h, and the amount produced is shown in fig. 3.
It can be seen from FIG. 3 that there is a certain difference in the amount of monochloramine produced under different temperature conditions. The change in monochloramine concentration is small as the temperature increases from 5 ℃ to 15 ℃, higher concentrations of monochloramine are produced at temperatures around 15 ℃, and the concentration of monochloramine gradually decreases as the temperature increases from 15 ℃ to 35 ℃. From this, it was found that monochloramine can be produced more efficiently by controlling the temperature to about 15 ℃.
Example 4:
adding 1 mg-N/L ammonium sulfate into the filtered water of a waterworks, controlling the pH value to be 7.0, adding a sodium hypochlorite solution into the reaction solution, and controlling the adding amount to be 5mg-Cl2L, the adding rate of the chlorine source is 3.3ml/s, and the G value is 300s-1The free chlorine, monochloramine and total chlorine concentrations in the solution were measured after 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours of reaction at 25 ℃ and the yields are shown in fig. 4.
It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the amount of monochloramine produced varies greatly between different reaction times. The concentration of monochloramine gradually decreases as the reaction time increases from 0.5h to 24h, wherein the concentration of monochloramine generated is higher when the reaction is carried out for 0.5-2h, and the chloramine disinfection time is not less than 2h according to the requirements of GB5749-2006, so that the monochloramine can be generated more effectively when the reaction time is controlled to be 2 h.
Example 5:
adding 1 mg-N/L ammonium sulfate into the filtered water of a waterworks, controlling the pH value to be 7.0, adding a sodium hypochlorite solution into the reaction solution, and controlling the adding amount to be 5mg-Cl2L, the adding rate of the chlorine source is controlled to be 3.3, 6.6, 9.9, 13.2, 16.5 and 19.8ml/s in sequence and the chlorine source is added at one time, the G value is 300s-1The temperature was controlled at 25 ℃ and the concentration of free chlorine, monochloramine and total chlorine in the solution was measured after 2h of reaction, and the amounts produced are shown in FIG. 5.
From FIG. 5, it can be seen that the amount of monochloramine produced varies greatly with the rate of chlorine addition. The concentration of monochloramine is gradually reduced along with the increase of the adding rate of chlorine, wherein when the adding rate of chlorine is 3.3ml/s, the concentration of monochloramine generated is the highest, and when the adding rate of chlorine is 3.3-9.9ml/s, higher concentration of monochloramine can be generated, so that monochloramine can be generated more effectively when the adding rate of chlorine is controlled to be 3.3-9.9 ml/s.
Example 6:
adding 1 mg-N/L ammonium sulfate into the filtered water of a waterworks, controlling the pH to be 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5 and 9.0 in sequence, adding a sodium hypochlorite solution into the reaction solution, and controlling the adding amount to be 5mg-Cl2L, the adding rate of the chlorine source is 3.3ml/s, and the G value is 300s-1The temperature was controlled at 25 ℃ and the concentration of free chlorine, monochloramine and total chlorine in the solution was measured after 2h of reaction, and the amounts produced are shown in FIG. 6.
From FIG. 6, it can be seen that there is a large difference in the amount of monochloramine produced under the pH conditions. As the pH increased from 6.0 to 9.0, the concentration of monochloramine increased gradually, with higher monochloramine production at neutral and alkaline conditions, thus indicating that controlling the reaction pH more efficiently produces monochloramine at neutral or alkaline conditions.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for preparing high-concentration monochloramine as disinfectant in water works includes such steps as adding nitrogen source and oxidant, adding chlorine source, and reaction.
2. The method for efficiently producing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen source is ammonium sulfate.
3. The method for efficiently producing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of nitrogen source added is 0.5-1.5 mg-N/L.
4. The method for efficiently producing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chlorine source is sodium hypochlorite solution and is added in an amount of 4-6mg-Cl2/L。
5. The method for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen source and the chlorine source are added in amounts that: the mass ratio of chlorine to nitrogen is 4-6: 1.
6. The method for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 15 ℃ and the reaction time is 2 hours.
7. The method for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works as claimed in claim 1, wherein the G value is controlled to be 300-400s during the reaction process-1。
8. The method for efficiently producing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works according to claim 1, wherein the reaction solution has a neutral or alkaline pH.
9. The method for efficiently preparing high-concentration disinfectant monochloramine suitable for water works according to claim 1, wherein the adding rate of the chlorine source is controlled to be 3.3-9.9 ml/s.
10. The method for efficiently producing high concentrations of the disinfectant monochloramine suitable for use in water works according to claim 1, wherein the source of water is filtered water from a water works.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114946876A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-08-30 | 浙江金洁环境股份有限公司 | Disinfectant suitable for tap water disinfection, and preparation method and application method thereof |
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| CN114946876A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-08-30 | 浙江金洁环境股份有限公司 | Disinfectant suitable for tap water disinfection, and preparation method and application method thereof |
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