CN111474130A - Simple device and method for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectrum method - Google Patents
Simple device and method for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectrum method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111474130A CN111474130A CN202010479115.9A CN202010479115A CN111474130A CN 111474130 A CN111474130 A CN 111474130A CN 202010479115 A CN202010479115 A CN 202010479115A CN 111474130 A CN111474130 A CN 111474130A
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- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
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- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
Abstract
The invention discloses a simple device and a method for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on a spectrum method. The invention greatly improves the effective optical path through the two strip-shaped high reflectors, greatly helps to improve the sensitivity of the detection device and reduce the detection limit, and has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, strong stability, sensitive detection, small volume and quick response.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental detection, in particular to the technical field of atmospheric gas detection and analysis, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting gas concentration by utilizing the absorption of different substances to different light waves and multiple reflection of the light waves between two high-reflection mirrors.
Background
With the progress and development of science and technology, the living standard and quality of life of people are remarkably improved, so that environmental problems are more and more concerned by people, especially the pollution problem in the atmosphere, and are closely related to the life of people. Propionaldehyde and acrolein belong to carbonyl compounds, are important raw materials of fine chemical engineering, and are widely applied to the fields of plastics, rubber and the like. But has great pollution to the environment and pungent smell, and can be absorbed by human body through ways of inhalation, ingestion, percutaneous absorption and the like. If the vapor is inhaled, the respiratory tract is damaged, symptoms such as pharyngolaryngitis and bronchitis are caused, and a large amount of inhalation can cause shock or death.
The method is characterized in that the method is to detect gas by utilizing characteristic absorption of different substances to different light waves, such AS tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TD L AS), laser induced fluorescence (L IF) and incoherent broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS), and has more advantages than mass spectrometry and liquid phase chemical methods in aspects of gas detection response time, detection limit and the like, however, the method has the difficulties in design of optical cavities and optical paths, stability of the performance of the whole device, acquisition and analysis of signals and has higher manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technology, the invention provides a simple device and a method for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on a spectrum method, and the device and the method have the characteristics of simple operation and low cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a simple and convenient device based on spectrum method on-line measuring gaseous propionaldehyde, acrolein its characterized in that: the device comprises a light source emitting module, a gas cavity module, a gas inlet and outlet module, a photosensitive receiving module and an instrument support module;
the light source emitting module comprises a laser emitter, a filter conversion bracket and an emitter circuit box;
the gas cavity module comprises a gas cavity, and a high reflector a, a high reflector b, a lens a and a lens b which are arranged on the inner wall of the gas cavity;
the gas inlet and outlet module comprises a gas filter, an air pump a and an air pump b;
the photosensitive receiving module comprises a silicon photocell receiver, an analog-to-digital converter, a gear switch, an electronic display screen and a receiver circuit box;
the device support module comprises a fixed rod a, a fixed rod b, an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate, wherein the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected through the vertical fixed rod a and the vertical fixed rod b;
the gas chamber is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, a laser inlet and a gas inlet are formed in the side wall of the lower half part of the gas chamber, and a laser outlet and a gas outlet are formed in the side wall of the upper half part of the gas chamber; the laser inlet and the laser outlet are in opposite positions, a lens a is embedded at the laser inlet, and a lens b is embedded at the laser outlet; the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are in opposite positions and are connected with the air pump a and the air pump b through pipelines;
laser emitted by the laser emitter enters the gas cavity from a laser inlet on the gas cavity after passing through the filter on the filter conversion support, and is received by a silicon photocell receiver outside the laser outlet after being reflected by a high reflector a and a high reflector b on the inner wall of the gas cavity.
Furthermore, foretell simple and convenient device based on spectrum method on-line measuring gaseous propionaldehyde, acrolein, at least 2 filters of different wave bands can be clamped simultaneously to the filter conversion support among the light source emission module, filter conversion support can anticlockwise or clockwise rotation.
Furthermore, in the above simple and convenient device for online detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectroscopy, the high reflecting mirrors a and b are strip-shaped, are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the gas chamber, and are of the same length and not on the same height surface.
Furthermore, the simple and convenient device for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on the spectrum method is characterized in that the upper half part of the gas chamber is provided with a laser adjusting port for observing a silicon photocell receiver, the lens c is embedded in the laser adjusting port, and the outer side of the lens c is provided with an opaque sliding cover.
Furthermore, in the above simple and convenient device for online detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein by using spectroscopy, the transmission wavelength of the filter is the maximum absorption wavelength of the detected gas.
Furthermore, the simple and convenient device for online detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on the spectrum method is characterized in that a fluorinated ethylene propylene film is attached to the inner side of the gas chamber, and the outer side surface of the gas chamber is coated with black non-light-transmitting coating. The interference of external illumination on the silicon photocell receiver can be reduced.
Further, in the above simple device for online detection of gaseous propanal and acrolein by spectroscopy, the range switch is used for adjusting the different laser transmitters so that different optical signals correspond to different analog-to-digital conversion signals.
Furthermore, the simple device for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on the spectrum method has the advantages that the gas chamber, the fixing rod a and the fixing rod b are in triangular distribution, and the overall stability of the device is facilitated.
A method for online detecting propionaldehyde gas or acrolein gas based on a spectrum method is characterized in that the detection method comprises the following steps: in selecting the filter plate through rotatory filter plate conversion support and making the laser of different wavelength enter into the gas chamber, make the gaseous circulation of being surveyed through the gas pump in the gas chamber, utilize direct absorption spectrum's mode to detect gas concentration, improve the length of gaseous detection effective light path through two bar high reflection mirrors in the gas chamber, utilize silicon photocell receiver, analog to digital converter to reach the testing result at last.
In the gas chamber module, the high reflecting mirror a and the high reflecting mirror b are strip-shaped, are parallel to each other and are longitudinally vertical to a horizontal plane, and the high reflecting mirror a is slightly lower than the high reflecting mirror b. When the silicon photocell receiver works, laser firstly irradiates on the high reflector a through the laser inlet, the laser irradiates on the high reflector b through reflection and then continuously reflects, and finally the laser is reflected to the silicon photocell receiver through the high reflector b to convert optical signals into electric signals.
A power controller is arranged in the transmitter circuit box and can control the on-off circuit of the laser transmitter, a time signal is provided for the circuit through the auxiliary interferometer, and the automatic on-off time and the off-off time are set in advance. The power supply controller is used for reducing measurement errors caused by overlarge temperature change of the laser transmitter after the power-on working time is too long. An analog-to-digital converter is arranged in the receiver circuit box, and can record and store measurement data at intervals.
The light emitted by the light source emitter is parallel light, and the diameter of the light spot is R1The incident light and the horizontal plane form a certain included angle theta, the horizontal distance between the high reflector a and the high reflector b is L, the high reflector a and the high reflector b are strip-shaped, and the length of the high reflector a and the high reflector b is C1Width is C2(ii) a The number of light spots on the high reflector a is N; the number of light spots on the high reflecting mirror b is also N.
Then: (2N-1)<[C1/(L*
)]<(2N+1)；
S=(2N+1)*(L/
)
In the above formula, N is the number of light spots, and the value of N is a positive integer; the above formula S is the total effective optical path length.
The technical principle of the invention is that according to Lambert-beer's law, when a beam of parallel monochromatic light passes through a uniform and non-scattering light-absorbing substance, the absorbance is in direct proportion to the concentration of the light-absorbing substance and the thickness of the absorbing layer, and is in negative correlation to the transmittance. The target gas is detected by using two high reflection mirrors to refract light in the air cavity as much as possible so as to increase the effective optical path. Thereby realizing the detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a simple device and a method for detecting gaseous propionaldehyde, acrolein or other gases by utilizing a high reflector based on a spectrum method, the total length of an effective optical path is improved by reflection of two plane high reflectors, different concentrations of the gases can be directly read on an electronic display screen by an analog-to-digital converter, the operation is simple, the real-time online detection can be realized, and the cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a simple apparatus for on-line detection of gaseous propanal and acrolein by spectroscopy in the examples.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a simple device for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectroscopy in the example.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method for on-line detection of propionaldehyde gas and acrolein gas based on spectroscopy in the examples.
In the figure: 001. electronic display screen, 002, the gear switch, 003, receiver circuit box, 004, the upper junction plate, 005, gas chamber, 006, transmitter circuit box, 007, gas filter, 008a, air pump a, 008b, air pump b, 009, lower junction plate, 010, laser emitter, 011, filter conversion support, 012, wavelength filter a, 012a, wavelength filter b, 013a, dead lever a, 013b, dead lever b, 014, laser adjusting port, 015, electronic display box, 016, silicon photocell receiver, 017a, lens a, 017b, lens b, 018a, high-reflection mirror a, 018b, high-reflection mirror b, 019, laser, 020, regulated power supply 021, analog-to-digital converter, 022, the inlet port.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and facilitate understanding of the present application, the present invention will be more fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a simple device for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectroscopy is characterized in that: the method is characterized in that: the device comprises a light source emitting module, a gas cavity module, a gas inlet and outlet module, a photosensitive receiving module and an instrument support module;
the light source emission module comprises a laser emitter 010, a filter conversion bracket 011 and an emitter circuit box 006;
the gas cavity module comprises a gas chamber 005 and a high reflection mirror a018a, a high reflection mirror b018b, a lens a017a and a lens b017b which are arranged on the inner wall of the gas chamber 005;
the gas inlet and outlet module comprises a gas filter 007, an air pump a008a and an air pump b008 b;
the photosensitive receiving module comprises a silicon photocell receiver 016, an analog-to-digital converter 021, a gear switch 002, an electronic display screen 001 and a receiver circuit box 003;
the device bracket module comprises a fixed rod a013a, a fixed rod b013b, an upper connecting plate 004 and a lower connecting plate 009, wherein the upper connecting plate 004 and the lower connecting plate 009 are connected through a vertical fixed rod a013a and a vertical fixed rod b013 b;
the gas chamber 005 is arranged between the upper connecting plate 004 and the lower connecting plate 009, a laser inlet and a gas inlet are arranged on the side wall of the lower half part of the gas chamber 005, and a laser outlet and a gas outlet are arranged on the side wall of the upper half part of the gas chamber 005; the laser inlet and the laser outlet are in opposite positions, a017a lens is inlaid at the laser inlet, and a017 b lens is inlaid at the laser outlet; the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are in opposite positions and are connected with an air pump a008a and an air pump b008b through pipelines;
laser emitted by the laser emitter 010 enters the gas chamber from a laser inlet on the gas chamber 005 after passing through the filter on the filter conversion support 011, and is reflected by a high reflector a018a and a high reflector b018b on the inner wall of the gas chamber 005 and then received by a silicon photocell receiver 016 on the outer side of the laser outlet.
The filter conversion support 011 in the light source emission module can clamp 1-4 filters with different wave bands simultaneously, and the filter conversion support 011 can rotate anticlockwise or clockwise.
The high reflecting mirror a018a and the high reflecting mirror b018b are long, are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the gas chamber 005, and are the same length and are not on the same equal height surface.
The upper half part of the gas chamber 005 is provided with a laser adjusting port 014 for observing the silicon photocell receiver 016, the lens c is embedded in the laser adjusting port 014, and the outer side of the lens c is provided with a light-tight sliding cover.
The transmission wavelength of the filter should be the maximum absorption wavelength of the gas under test.
The inner side of the gas chamber 005 is attached with a fluorinated ethylene propylene film, and the surface of the outer side of the gas chamber 005 is coated with black non-light-transmitting coating. The interference of external illumination on the silicon photocell receiver can be reduced.
The said gear switch 002 is mounted on the electronic display box 015 for the adjustment of different laser transmitters 010 to make different optical signals correspond to different analog-to-digital converted signals. The gear switch 002 and the electronic display screen 001 are located on the receiver circuit box 003, and the analog-to-digital converter 021 is located inside the receiver circuit box 003. The transmitter circuit box 006 provides a stable power supply for the laser transmitter 010 and the electronic display 001.
The gas chamber 005 is triangularly distributed with the fixing rods a013a and b013b, which is beneficial to the overall stability of the device.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for online detection of propionaldehyde gas or acrolein gas based on spectroscopy is: select the filter through rotatory filter conversion support 011 and make the laser 019 of different wavelength enter into gas chamber 005 in, make the gas circulation of being surveyed through the gas pump in the gas chamber 005, utilize the mode of direct absorption spectrum to detect gas concentration, improve the length of gas detection effective optical path through two bar height reflection mirrors in the gas chamber 005, utilize silicon photocell receiver 016, adc 021 to obtain the testing result at last.
The gas cavity module has inlet holes 022 in the lower half and outlet holes in the upper half, and because the relative molecular masses of propionaldehyde and acrolein are both greater than 29, when gas overflows from the upper half, the gas is indicated to uniformly fill the cavity.
In this embodiment, the concentrations of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein are detected, and 292nm wavelength filters b012a and 315nm wavelength filter 012 are used, so that the filters can be converted at any time through filter conversion support 011, and only the corresponding wavelengths can be transmitted by converting different filters. The power supply 020 in the transmitter circuit box 006 has strong stability, and can provide stable voltage and current for the whole circuit.
Before formal work, the power supply 020 of the laser emitter needs to be switched on, the auxiliary interferometer provides a time signal for a circuit, the laser emitter 010 is enabled to be preheated for 1min, the power supply controller does not work at the moment, after 1min, the power supply controller starts to work, the working mode of the power supply controller is that the laser emitter 010 is controlled to be disconnected for 34 seconds, then the circuit is switched on for 6 seconds, then the circuit is disconnected for 34 seconds, then the circuit is switched on for 6 seconds, and the steps are repeated and circulated. An analog-to-digital converter 021 is arranged in the receiver circuit box 003, and can automatically record and store the measured data every 40 seconds, and the analog-to-digital converter 021 works 1 second earlier than the power supply controller.
Air pump a008a delivers air at the same rate as air pump b008b, powering the flow of gas in air chamber 005. Before the work, the air chamber 005 needs to be ventilated by using the air pump a008a and the air pump b008b, so that the air chamber 005 is filled with the gas to be detected uniformly.
In formal work, the two air pumps are always in working states, and gas to be detected sequentially passes through the gas filter 007, the air pump a008a, the air inlet 022, the gas chamber 005, the air outlet and the air pump b008b and then is discharged to the outside. The light wave emitted by the laser emitter 010 passes through the filter a012a, the lens a017a, the plane high reflector a018a, the plane high reflector b018b, the lens a017a and is received by the silicon photocell receiver 016 in sequence, because the light absorption by the gas with different concentrations is different, the light intensity received by the silicon photocell receiver 016 is different, and the electric signal emitted by irradiation is converted by the analog-to-digital converter, and then the numerical value is displayed in the electronic display screen 001.
The measuring data is automatically recorded and stored, so that the real-time online measurement of propionaldehyde and acrolein gas is realized.
The embodiments described above are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not exhaustive of the possible implementations of the present invention, and any obvious modifications thereof, which would occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, should be considered to be within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (7)
1. A simple device and a method for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on a spectrum method are characterized in that: the device comprises a light source emitting module, a gas cavity module, a gas inlet and outlet module, a photosensitive receiving module and an instrument support module;
the light source emitting module comprises a laser emitter, a filter conversion bracket and an emitter circuit box;
the gas cavity module comprises a gas cavity, and a high reflector a, a high reflector b, a lens a and a lens b which are arranged on the inner wall of the gas cavity;
the gas inlet and outlet module comprises a gas filter, an air pump a and an air pump b;
the photosensitive receiving module comprises a silicon photocell receiver, an analog-to-digital converter, a gear switch, an electronic display screen and a receiver circuit box;
the device support module comprises a fixed rod a, a fixed rod b, an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate, wherein the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected through the vertical fixed rod a and the vertical fixed rod b;
the gas chamber is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, a laser inlet and a gas inlet are formed in the side wall of the lower half part of the gas chamber, and a laser outlet and a gas outlet are formed in the side wall of the upper half part of the gas chamber; the laser inlet and the laser outlet are in opposite positions, a lens a is embedded at the laser inlet, and a lens b is embedded at the laser outlet; the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are in opposite positions and are connected with the air pump a and the air pump b through pipelines;
laser emitted by the laser emitter enters the gas cavity from a laser inlet on the gas cavity after passing through the filter on the filter conversion support, and is received by a silicon photocell receiver outside the laser outlet after being reflected by a high reflector a and a high reflector b on the inner wall of the gas cavity.
2. The simple and convenient device for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectroscopy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the filter conversion support in the light source emission module can be simultaneously clamped with at least 2 filters with different wave bands, and the filter conversion support can rotate anticlockwise or clockwise.
3. The simple and convenient device for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectroscopy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high reflecting mirror a and the high reflecting mirror b are strip-shaped, are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the gas chamber, are as long as each other and are not on the same equal height surface.
4. The simple and convenient device for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectroscopy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper half part of the gas chamber is provided with a laser adjusting port for observing the silicon photocell receiver, the lens c is embedded in the laser adjusting port, and the outer side of the lens c is provided with an opaque sliding cover.
5. The simple device for on-line detection of gaseous propanal and acrolein based on spectroscopy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the transmission wavelength of the filter is the maximum absorption wavelength of the measured gas.
6. The simple and convenient device for on-line detection of gaseous propionaldehyde and acrolein based on spectroscopy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the gas cavity is attached with a fluorinated ethylene propylene film, and the outer side surface of the gas cavity is coated with black non-light-transmitting coating.
7. A method for online detecting propionaldehyde gas or acrolein gas based on a spectrum method is characterized in that the detection method comprises the following steps: in selecting the filter plate through rotatory filter plate conversion support and making the laser of different wavelength enter into the gas chamber, make the gaseous circulation of being surveyed through the gas pump in the gas chamber, utilize direct absorption spectrum's mode to detect gas concentration, improve the length of gaseous detection effective light path through two bar high reflection mirrors in the gas chamber, utilize silicon photocell receiver, analog to digital converter to reach the testing result at last.
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