CN111472320A - Ecological reconstruction method for black and odorous river channel by using construction waste reclaimed materials and sludge - Google Patents
Ecological reconstruction method for black and odorous river channel by using construction waste reclaimed materials and sludge Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/128—Coherent linings made on the spot, e.g. cast in situ, extruded on the spot
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/02—Making or lining canals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for ecologically transforming a black and odorous river channel by using construction waste reclaimed materials and sludge, wherein the construction waste fine aggregates and solidified sludge are combined to prepare a composite anti-seepage material at the bottom of the river channel, and the composite anti-seepage material is laid on the revetment and the bottom of the river channel; manufacturing a prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block by using the building waste coarse aggregate; making green planting soil as a planting base material by combining the building waste fine aggregate and the river sludge after soft solidification; preparing baking-free landscape/water-purifying ceramsite by using the building waste fine aggregate and the river sludge; manufacturing a prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block fixing part by using construction waste recycled steel; screening large building garbage repairing type to be used as a building block material of a side slope platform or a foot protector. The method makes full use of the construction waste recovery material and the river silt, carries out ecological reasonable transformation on the positions of the black and odorous river slope, the river channel bottom and the like, reduces the consumption of traditional building materials such as stone, cement and the like while improving the water quality of the black and odorous river, completes the resource utilization of solid waste, and has remarkable economic and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a black and odorous river ecological reconstruction method by utilizing construction waste reclaimed materials and sludge, and belongs to the technical field of black and odorous river ecological reconstruction.
Background
With the development of urbanization, a large amount of construction waste is generated in the process of implementing construction, removal, decoration and transformation of construction engineering projects, wherein concrete and mortar blocks account for 30% -40%, bricks and tiles account for 35% -45%, steel accounts for 10%, and the others account for 5% -8%. At present, about 15.5-24 hundred million tons of construction waste are generated in China every year, a large amount of construction waste basically stays in a simple landfill type treatment mode, serious potential safety hazards exist, and the difficulty of environmental improvement is increased.
The appearance of black and odorous river course is to a certain extent because industrial production and domestic waste water etc. directly discharge and lead to in the river course, lead to the water to appear black and odorous in the past this long time, and the river course can produce silt during long-term normal flow, and a large amount of silt of bed mud leads to there being the endogenous pollution of a large amount of high load in the river course, leads to the fact serious influence to river water quality. If the building waste and the black and odorous river sludge are not strictly controlled and reasonably disposed, the development at the cost of water environment and resource waste is sacrificed, and the basic concept of sustainable development is not met.
At present, the ecological modification engineering of the black and odorous river channel by using two solid wastes, namely the construction waste and the sludge, is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the ecological reconstruction method of the black and odorous river channel by utilizing the construction waste reclaimed materials and the sludge, which realizes the resource value of the construction waste and the sludge while purifying the water quality of the black and odorous river channel and has obvious economic benefit and environmental benefit.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for ecologically transforming a black and odorous river channel by using construction waste reclaimed materials and sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) the construction waste fine aggregates with the particle size of less than or equal to 2.36mm after being screened and the solidified sludge are combined to manufacture a composite impermeable material, and the composite impermeable material is paved on the river channel protection slope and the surface of the canal bottom to form a composite impermeable layer;
(2) manufacturing a prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block by using construction waste coarse aggregate with the particle size of 26-40 mm, and paving the prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block on the composite impermeable layer formed in the step (1) after alkali reduction treatment to form a vegetation concrete block layer;
(3) building waste fine aggregates with the particle size of less than or equal to 4.75mm and river silt are subjected to soft solidification to jointly manufacture greening planting soil, and the greening planting soil is paved on the prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block in the step (2) to form a planting base material;
(4) uniformly mixing the building waste fine aggregates with the grain size of less than or equal to 2.36mm and the river sludge, adding a modified material, preparing the baking-free landscape/water-purification ceramsite by using a steam curing method, and uniformly distributing the baking-free landscape/water-purification ceramsite on the planting base material formed in the step (3);
(5) screening large building garbage as a building block material, and building the building block material to the top end of the river channel to form a slope platform.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
the average thickness of the composite impermeable layer in the step (1) is 6-8 cm, and the impermeability coefficient is less than 1 × 10-7cm/s。
The bone cement ratio of the prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block in the step (2) is 6.0-7.5: 1, the compressive strength is 2-15 Mpa, the porosity is more than 25%, and the environment pH value in pores is less than or equal to 9.0; the concrete block is rectangular or regular hexagonal, 15-30 cm in thickness and 15-60 cm in side length, and the whole paved surface is of a planar structure or a stepped structure.
When the prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block in the step (2) is manufactured, the adopted cementing material is selected from low-alkali cement, common non-shrinkage high-strength grouting or M7.5 masonry mortar, and the alkali reduction treatment mode is 0.2-0.3 mol/L FeSO4Spraying the solution to cover the film and maintaining.
And (3) when the prefabricated porous plant-growing concrete blocks are paved in the step (2), adopting construction waste to recycle steel to manufacture fixing pieces, fixedly connecting the adjacent prefabricated porous plant-growing concrete blocks, and further firmly paving the prefabricated porous plant-growing concrete blocks by using M7.5 mortar. Furthermore, the fixing piece is generally U-shaped, and the side length is 15-20 cm.
The soft curing in the step (3) is to mix the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of construction waste fine aggregate, 30-45 parts of dehydrated dried sludge, 5-10 parts of lime, 2-5 parts of phosphogypsum, 2-5 parts of zeolite, vermiculite powder and 2-5 parts of multifunctional soil modifier, uniformly stirring, and standing for 3-4 days;
the average thickness of the greening planting soil in the step (3) is 8-10 cm; before the greening planting soil is laid on the bottom of the ditch, river sand accounting for 8-12% of the volume of each cubic greening planting soil is added, and then the greening planting soil is spread on a porous planting concrete block.
The baking-free landscape/water purification ceramsite prepared in the step (4) has the particle size of 3-8 mm and the bulk density of 510-600 kg/m3The cylinder pressure strength is more than 2.0Mpa, and the porosity is more than 40 percent. The modified material comprises a cement-based material, a binder, gypsum, a biological affinity agent and a pore-forming agent.
Before the ceramsite is distributed, plant seeds and fertilizer are sprayed and filled into the porous vegetation concrete layer by using high-pressure equipment, and then the ceramsite is placed. Furthermore, the plant seeds are seeds of submerged plants, aquatic plants and ashore plants, and the fertilizer is activated sludge or earthworm fertilizer.
The river course bank protection is gone up the position that is close to the canal bottom and builds big building rubbish by laying bricks or stones as the side slope banket of building block material, separates planting concrete block layer for two parts.
Furthermore, the surface of the slope platform or the slope toe guard needs to be coated with an asphalt protective layer.
Further, when the river course bank protection ecological transformation height exceeded 8m, need set up 1.5 ~ 2.0m wide hierarchical platform between the two-stage bank protection.
The technical effects are as follows: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention reasonably and fully combines and utilizes the construction waste reclaimed materials and the river channel dredging sludge, saves the treatment cost of the black and odorous river channel, improves the treatment efficiency and quality of solid wastes, and solves the problem of waste disposal in an environment-friendly way;
2. the application method of the construction waste recycled material provided by the invention has a wide application range, and various recycled materials are fully consumed in the ecological modification of the black and odorous river;
3. according to the structure of the composite impermeable layer, the prefabricated porous planting concrete and the planting green soil, provided by the invention, the root systems of plants continuously grow in the pores, so that the whole or the anchoring effect is realized, and the stability of the river course revetment can be further enhanced.
4. The invention combines solid waste materials to reduce engineering cost, and the riverway slope protection vegetation rate is high after the reconstruction is finished, the channel scour resistance is strong, and the river water quality purification capability is strong.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a view of an ecological reconstruction cross section and a slope arrangement of a river channel provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a view of an ecological reconstruction cross section and a slope arrangement of a river channel provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a view of an ecological reconstruction cross section and a slope arrangement of a river channel provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Leveling slope protection slope surface of the black and odorous river channel, and removing all rocks, broken mud blocks, mixed plants and garbage, wherein the slope rate of the slope is 1:0.75, the slope is first grade, and the height is 4 m. Dredging the river silt, removing the sediment and leveling the bottom of the canal.
(2) Uniformly mixing the screened fine aggregate (the particle size is less than or equal to 2.36mm) and the solidified sludge by using a mixer for 180 seconds, performing composite intercalation modification by using polyacrylamide and a sodium carboxymethylcellulose water-retaining agent through an aqueous solution polymerization method after uniformly mixing, paving the prepared composite impermeable material at the bottom of river channel revetments and canals, wherein the thickness is 8cm, and forming a composite impermeable layer of the river channel.
(3) Selecting construction waste coarse aggregate to prepare a rectangular prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block with the thickness of 15cm and the side length of 15cm, wherein the size of the construction waste coarse aggregate is generally 26-40 mm, the content (volume percentage) of unit cubic raw material components comprises 80% of coarse aggregate, 7.8% of low-alkali cement, 6.7% of fly ash and 5.5% of water, and after the preparation is finished, adopting 0.2 mol/L FeSO4And spraying the solution to cover the membrane for curing for 7d to reduce the pore alkalinity, and placing the prefabricated block for later use after the prefabricated block is prepared.
(4) The construction waste is crushed and screened, fine aggregates (the particle size is less than or equal to 4.75mm) of the construction waste are selected to be uniformly stirred and mixed with the dehydrated and dried river sludge by a stirrer, the mixture is subjected to soft solidification after uniform stirring, and the content (volume percentage) of each cubic meter of the mixture is as follows: 30 parts of construction waste fine aggregate (the grain diameter is less than or equal to 4.75mm), 45 parts of dehydrated dried sludge, 9.3 parts of lime, 4.6 parts of phosphogypsum, 4.6 parts of zeolite and vermiculite powder and 4.5 parts of multifunctional soil modifier. Wherein, the components are respectively as follows: building waste fine aggregate with the particle size range of 2.5-4.75 mm; the main components of the multifunctional soil modifier are sulfonated formaldehyde acetone polycondensate solution, lignosulfonate, an inorganic chelating agent and a surfactant. And standing for 3-4 days after uniformly stirring to prepare the planting soil.
(5) Building waste fine aggregates (the grain diameter is less than or equal to 2.36mm) and river sludge are used as main materials, a steam curing method is utilized to add proper excitant, pore-forming agent and modifier to prepare the baking-free ceramsite, and each cubic meter of the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 40% of construction waste fine aggregate, 25% of cement-based material, 16% of silt, 2% of adhesive, 8% of gypsum and biological affinity agent, 3% of pore-forming agent and 6% of water. Wherein, the components are respectively as follows: the cement is 325# ordinary portland cement; the sludge is the river dredging sludge with the water content of less than 25 percent after dehydration and drying. The diameter of the landscape/water purification ceramsite is 8 mm.
(6) Recycling and screening steel bar materials in the construction waste, and manufacturing into an equilateral U-shaped fixing piece with the side length of 15cm after sorting and selecting; and repairing the large building garbage and then using the large building garbage for building river channel slope protection feet and slope platforms, wherein the size is approximately 30cm in height, 60cm in length and 40cm in width. The strength of the modified building block is not lower than MU 30.
(7) And building slope protection feet at a position 2M from the vertical height of the bottom of the channel by using the modified building garbage blocks, wherein the width is 80cm, the height is 50cm, as shown in figure 1, building a slope platform with the width of 3M and the height of 1.0M at the top end of the slope, and smearing 30mm back M7.5 mortar on the top surface of the platform to ensure that surface water does not immerse into a slope body.
(8) The rectangular prefabricated porous vegetation concrete blocks are paved on the composite impermeable layer of the bottom of the channel and the slope of the side slope, fixed on the plane by U-shaped fixing pieces and firmly built by M7.5 mortar.
(9) Paving the planting soil on the side slope of the river channel to be 6cm thick; river sand accounting for 10% of the volume of each cube of the green planting soil paved at the bottom of the riverway canal is added, the river sand is clean river sand, the particle size range is 1-2.5 mm, and the thickness is 8 cm. After the paving is finished, plant seeds and fertilizer are sprayed on the greening planting soil of the river course slope protection surface layer by using a dry high-pressure spraying process, 30g of amorpha fruticosa, 30g of cogongrass and festuca arundinacea, 30g of macropolybia and 90g of redroot flowers are sprayed on the river course slope protection in each square meter area; 15g of earthworm fertilizer and 15g of activated sludge are applied to each square meter.
(10) After the plant seeds and the fertilizer are sprayed, the landscape/water purification ceramsite is evenly placed on the river channel protection slope, and the river channel protection slope is immediately covered with the landscape/water purification ceramsite with the specification of 100g/m2The nonwoven fabric of (1).
(11) Watering and curing for 2 months, and watering 3 times every day with 4 hours intervals. And removing the non-woven fabric after two months, and finishing the ecological reconstruction project.
Example 2
(1) Leveling slope protection slope surface of the black and odorous river channel, removing all rocks, broken mud blocks, mixed plants and garbage, wherein the slope rate of the slope is 1:1.25, the slope is of a primary structure, and the vertical height is 3 m. And (4) dredging the black and odorous sludge, removing the deposited bottom sludge and leveling the bottom of the channel.
(2) Uniformly mixing the screened fine aggregate (the particle size is less than or equal to 2.36mm) and the solidified sludge by using a mixer for 180 seconds, performing composite intercalation modification by using polyacrylamide and a sodium carboxymethylcellulose water-retaining agent through an aqueous solution polymerization method after uniformly mixing, paving the prepared composite impermeable material at the bottom of river channel revetments and canals, wherein the thickness is 8cm, and forming a composite impermeable layer of the river channel.
(3) Selecting construction waste coarse aggregate to prepare a regular hexagon prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block with the thickness of 15cm and the side length of 20cm, wherein the size range of the construction waste coarse aggregate is 30-40 mm, the content (volume percentage) of unit cubic raw material components comprises 79% of coarse aggregate, 8.8% of low-alkali cement, 6.7% of fly ash and 5.5% of water, and after the preparation is finished, adopting 0.2 mol/L FeSO4And spraying the solution to cover the membrane for curing for 7d to reduce the pore alkalinity, and placing the prefabricated block for later use after the prefabricated block is prepared.
(4) The construction waste is crushed and screened, fine aggregates (the particle size is less than or equal to 4.75mm) of the construction waste are selected to be uniformly stirred and mixed with the dehydrated and dried river sludge through a stirrer, the mixture is subjected to soft solidification after uniform stirring, and the cubic meter-free mixture comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 34 percent of construction waste fine aggregate (the grain diameter is less than or equal to 4.75), 45 percent of dehydrated sludge, 9.3 percent of lime, 4.6 percent of phosphogypsum, 4.6 percent of zeolite, vermiculite powder and 2.5 percent of multifunctional soil modifier. Wherein, the components are respectively as follows: building waste fine aggregate with the particle size range of 2.5-4.75 mm; the main components of the multifunctional soil modifier are sulfonated formaldehyde acetone polycondensate solution, lignosulfonate, an inorganic chelating agent and a surfactant. And standing for 3-4 days after uniformly stirring to prepare the planting soil.
(5) Building waste fine aggregates (the grain diameter is less than or equal to 2.36mm) and river sludge are used as main materials, a steam curing method is utilized to add proper excitant, pore-forming agent and modifier to prepare the baking-free ceramsite, and each cubic meter of the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 40% of construction waste fine aggregate, 25% of cement-based material, 16% of silt, 2% of adhesive, 8% of composite modifier, 3% of pore-forming agent and 6% of water. Wherein, the components are respectively as follows: the cement is 325# ordinary portland cement; the sludge is the river dredging sludge with the water content of less than 25 percent after dehydration and drying. The diameter of the landscape/water purification ceramsite is 8 mm.
(6) Recycling and screening steel bar materials in the construction waste, and manufacturing into an equilateral U-shaped fixing piece with the side length of 15cm after sorting and selecting; and (3) building the side slope platform by using the large building garbage after shaping, wherein the size is approximately 30cm in height, 60cm in length and 40cm in width. The strength of the modified building block is not lower than MU 30. A slope platform with the width of 3.0M and the height of 1.0M is built at the top end of the slope, M7.5 mortar is used for building firmly, and the top of the slope is smeared with the M7.5 mortar after 30mm, so that the water body is prevented from immersing into the slope protection.
(7) The hexagonal prefabricated porous vegetation concrete blocks are paved on the composite impermeable layer of the bottom of the channel and the slope of the side slope, fixed on the plane by U-shaped fixing pieces and then firmly paved by M7.5 mortar, and the schematic diagram is shown in figure 2.
(9) Paving the planting soil on the side slope of the river channel to be 6cm thick; river sand accounting for 10% of the volume of each cube of the green planting soil paved at the bottom of the riverway canal is added, the river sand is clean river sand, the particle size range is 1-2.5 mm, and the thickness is 8 cm. After the paving is finished, plant seeds and fertilizer are sprayed on the greening planting soil of the surface layer by a dry high-pressure spraying process, the slope protection per square meter area comprises 30g of amorpha fruticosa, 30g of cogongrass and festuca arundinacea, 90g of macropolybia, vetiver and thalictrum, 15g of earthworm fertilizer per square meter and 15g of activated sludge. 30g of goldfish algae and 30g of Malaysia japonica are sown at the bottom of the river channel per square meter, and 30g of duckweed seeds are sown at the water surface of the river channel per square meter after the river channel is watered.
(9) After the plant seeds and the fertilizer are sprayed, the landscape/water purification ceramsite is evenly placed on the river channel protection slope and covered with the landscape/water purification ceramsite with the specification of 100g/m2The nonwoven fabric of (1).
(10) Watering and curing for 2 months, and watering 3 times every day with 4 hours intervals. And removing the non-woven fabric after two months, and finishing the ecological reconstruction project.
Example 3
(1) Leveling slope surfaces of the black and odorous riverways, removing all rocks, broken mud blocks, miscellaneous plants and garbage, and building a step-shaped foundation along the slope, wherein the slope rate of the side slope is 1:1.25, and the vertical height is 3 m. Dredging the river silt, removing the sediment and leveling the bottom of the canal. And (3) constructing a side slope drainage ditch, and excavating a rectangular groove with the width of 20cm and the depth of 20 cm.
(2) Uniformly mixing the screened fine aggregate (the particle size is less than or equal to 2.36mm) and the solidified sludge by using a mixer for 180 seconds, performing composite intercalation modification by using polyacrylamide and a sodium carboxymethylcellulose water-retaining agent through an aqueous solution polymerization method after uniformly mixing, and paving the prepared composite impermeable material on the basis of river channel slope protection and channel bottom, wherein the thickness of the prepared composite impermeable material is 8cm, so as to form a composite impermeable layer of a river channel.
(3) Selecting construction waste coarse aggregate to prepare a rectangular prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block with the thickness of 30cm, the long side of 60cm and the short side of 40cm, wherein the size range of the construction waste coarse aggregate is 30-40 mm, the content (volume percentage) of unit cubic raw material components comprises 79% of coarse aggregate, 8.8% of 425# cement, 6.7% of fly ash and 5.5% of water, and after the preparation is finished, adopting 0.3 mol/L FeSO4And spraying the solution to cover the membrane for curing for 7d to reduce the pore alkalinity, and placing the prefabricated block for later use after the prefabricated block is prepared.
(4) The construction waste is crushed and screened, fine aggregates (the particle size is less than or equal to 4.75mm) of the construction waste are selected to be uniformly stirred and mixed with the dehydrated and dried river sludge through a stirrer, the mixture is subjected to soft solidification after uniform stirring, and the cubic meter-free mixture comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 34 percent of construction waste fine aggregate (the grain diameter is less than or equal to 4.75), 45 percent of dehydrated sludge, 9.3 percent of lime, 4.6 percent of phosphogypsum, 4.6 percent of zeolite, vermiculite powder and 2.5 percent of multifunctional soil modifier. Wherein, the components are respectively as follows: building waste fine aggregate with the particle size range of 2.5-4.75 mm; the main components of the multifunctional soil modifier are sulfonated formaldehyde acetone polycondensate solution, lignosulfonate, an inorganic chelating agent and a surfactant. And (4) standing for 3-4 days after uniformly stirring to prepare the planting soil for greening, and piling for later use.
(5) Building waste fine aggregates (the grain diameter is less than or equal to 2.36mm) and river sludge are used as main materials, a steam curing method is utilized to add proper excitant, pore-forming agent and modifier to prepare the baking-free ceramsite, and each cubic meter of the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 40% of construction waste fine aggregate, 25% of cement-based material, 16% of silt, 2% of adhesive, 8% of composite modifier, 3% of pore-forming agent and 6% of water. Wherein, the components are respectively as follows: the cement is 325# ordinary portland cement; the sludge is the river dredging sludge with the water content of less than 25 percent after dehydration and drying. The diameter of the landscape/water purification ceramsite is 8 mm.
(6) Recycling and screening steel bar materials in the construction waste, and manufacturing into an equilateral U-shaped fixing piece with the side length of 15cm after sorting and selecting; the size of the repaired building garbage is approximately 30cm in height, 60cm in length and 40cm in width. The intensity is not lower than MU 30. A slope platform with the width of 3.0M and the height of 1.0M is built at the top end of the slope, M7.5 mortar is used for building firmly, and the top of the slope is smeared with the M7.5 mortar after 30mm, so that the water body is prevented from immersing into the slope protection.
(7) And (2) sequentially building the rectangular prefabricated porous vegetation concrete blocks along the stepped foundation built in the step (1), fixing the adjacent prefabricated blocks on a plane by using a U-shaped fixing piece, and firmly building by using M7.5 mortar, as shown in figure 3.
(8) And (3) spraying the green planting soil, the plant seeds and the fertilizer to the prefabricated porous planting concrete of the river channel protection slope and the composite impermeable layer at the bottom of the channel by using a dry high-pressure spraying process, wherein the thickness of the composite impermeable layer is 10 cm. The mixture comprises the following plant seeds and fertilizer components per cubic meter: 30g of amorpha fruticosa, 30g of cogongrass and festuca arundinacea, 90g of macrophylla, vetiver grass and thalictrum ramosissimum, 15g of earthworm fertilizer and 15g of activated sludge are applied to each square meter. Wherein, the mixture sprayed to the bottom of the river channel is added with river sand accounting for 10% of the volume per cubic meter, the river sand is clean river sand, and the particle size range is 1-2.5 mm. 30g of golden fish algae and 30g of Malaysia japonica are sprayed in each cube of the mixture sprayed at the bottom of the channel, and 30g of duckweed seeds are sown on each square meter of the water surface of the channel after the channel is filled with water.
(9) After the plant seeds and fertilizer are sprayed, uniformly spreading landscape/purified water on the slope protection and the bottom of the canal, and covering with 100g/m of water2The nonwoven fabric of (1).
(10) Watering and curing for 2 months, and watering 3 times every day with 4 hours intervals. And removing the non-woven fabric after two months, and finishing the ecological reconstruction project.
After the ecological reconstruction of the black and odorous river channel is completed for three months, various river channel water quality index parameters are actually measured on site and are shown in table 1, the actual measured parameters can show that the main indexes of the river water quality meet the V-type water standard in the surface water environmental quality standard GB3838-2002 through the ecological reconstruction, the aims of eliminating the inferior five types and improving the quality of human living environment are achieved, and the water quality condition of the black and odorous river channel after the ecological reconstruction (unit: mg/L)
Claims (10)
1. A black and odorous river channel ecological reconstruction method utilizing construction waste reclaimed materials and sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the construction waste fine aggregates with the particle size of less than or equal to 2.36mm after being screened and the solidified sludge are combined to manufacture a composite impermeable material, and the composite impermeable material is paved on the river channel protection slope and the surface of the canal bottom to form a composite impermeable layer;
(2) manufacturing a prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block by using construction waste coarse aggregate with the particle size of 26-40 mm, and paving the prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block on the composite impermeable layer formed in the step (1) after alkali reduction treatment to form a vegetation concrete block layer;
(3) building waste fine aggregates with the particle size of less than or equal to 4.75mm and river silt are subjected to soft solidification to jointly manufacture greening planting soil, and the greening planting soil is paved on the prefabricated porous vegetation concrete block in the step (2) to form a planting base material;
(4) uniformly mixing the building waste fine aggregates with the grain size of less than or equal to 2.36mm and the river sludge, adding a modified material, preparing the baking-free landscape/water-purification ceramsite by using a steam curing method, and uniformly distributing the baking-free landscape/water-purification ceramsite on the planting base material formed in the step (3);
(5) screening large building garbage as a building block material, and building the building block material to the top end of the river channel to form a slope platform.
2. The ecological reconstruction method for the black and odorous river channel by using the construction waste recycled materials and the sludge according to claim 1, wherein the average thickness of the composite impermeable layer in the step (1) is 6-8 cm, and the impermeability coefficient is less than 1 × 10-7cm/s。
3. The ecological reconstruction method for the black and odorous river channel by utilizing the construction waste recycled materials and the sludge according to claim 1, wherein the bone cement ratio of the prefabricated porous plant-growing concrete block in the step (2) is 6.0-7.5: 1, the compressive strength is 2-15 Mpa, the porosity is more than 25%, and the environment pH value in the pores is less than or equal to 9.0; the concrete block is rectangular or regular hexagonal, 15-30 cm in thickness and 15-60 cm in side length, and the whole paved surface is of a planar structure or a stepped structure.
4. The ecological reconstruction method for the black and odorous river channel by using the construction waste recycled materials and the sludge according to claim 1, wherein the adopted cementing materials in the step (2) of manufacturing the prefabricated porous plant-growing concrete block are selected from low-alkali cement, common non-shrinkage high-strength grouting or M7.5 masonry mortar, and the alkali reduction treatment mode is 0.2-0.3 mol/L FeSO4Spraying the solution to cover the film and maintaining.
5. The ecological reconstruction method for the black and odorous river channel by utilizing the construction waste recycled materials and the sludge according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the prefabricated porous plant-growing concrete blocks are paved, the fixing pieces are made of construction waste recycled steel materials, and the adjacent prefabricated porous plant-growing concrete blocks are fixedly connected.
6. The ecological reconstruction method for the black and odorous river channel by utilizing the construction waste recycled materials and the sludge according to claim 1, wherein the soft solidification in the step (3) is realized by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of construction waste fine aggregate, 30-45 parts of dehydrated dried sludge, 5-10 parts of lime, 2-5 parts of phosphogypsum, 2-5 parts of zeolite, vermiculite powder and 2-5 parts of multifunctional soil modifier, and the construction waste fine aggregate, the dehydrated dried sludge and the lime are uniformly stirred and placed for 3-4 days.
7. The ecological reconstruction method for the black and odorous river channel by utilizing the construction waste recycled materials and the sludge according to claim 1, wherein the average thickness of the green planting soil in the step (3) is 8-10 cm; before the greening planting soil is laid on the bottom of the ditch, river sand accounting for 8-12% of the volume of each cubic greening planting soil is added, and then the greening planting soil is spread on a porous planting concrete block.
8. The ecological modification of black and odorous river channel by using construction waste recycled materials and sludge according to claim 1The manufacturing method is characterized in that the baking-free landscape/water purification ceramsite prepared in the step (4) has the particle size of 3-8 mm and the bulk density of 510-600 kg/m3The cylinder pressure strength is more than 2.0Mpa, and the porosity is more than 40 percent.
9. The ecological reconstruction method for the black and odorous river channel by utilizing the construction waste recycled materials and the sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), before the ceramsite is distributed, the plant seeds and the fertilizer are sprayed and filled into the porous vegetation concrete layer by utilizing high-pressure equipment, and then the ceramsite is placed.
10. The ecological reconstruction method for the black and odorous riverway by utilizing the construction waste recycled materials and the sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slope protection of the riverway is built with large blocks of construction waste as slope protection feet of building block materials at the position close to the bottom of the canal to separate a plant-growing concrete block layer into two parts.
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| CN112502712A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of calhuaji bare rock rivet root transition layer |
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