CN111470615A - Preparation and application of sulfate-reducing-reinforced composite bacteria embedded bioactive filler - Google Patents
Preparation and application of sulfate-reducing-reinforced composite bacteria embedded bioactive filler Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021580 Cobalt(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018890 NaMoO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052927 chalcanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940005581 sodium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011088 sodium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052603 melanterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000783 metal toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940014259 gelatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/08—Aerobic processes using moving contact bodies
- C02F3/085—Fluidized beds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/107—Inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/108—Immobilising gels, polymers or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/345—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used for biological oxidation or reduction of sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
Preparation and application of a sulfate-reducing-reinforced composite bacteria embedded bioactive filler, belonging to the field of wastewater treatment. The method comprises the following steps of directional culture reinforcement of sulfate reducing composite bacteria, and embedding raw materials: 20-30% of PVA; sulfate reducing bacteria culture 50%; 15-20% of diatomite; 4-6% of 100-mesh wood activated carbon; 4-5% of calcium carbonate; the rest 1 percent is inorganic mixture, and a colloidal embedding material is prepared; the tube-like extrudate was extruded, crosslinked in a saturated boric acid solution for 4 hours, washed, cut, and soaked in a 5% sodium sulfate solution for 4 hours to form the final embedded filler product. The formation of the technical process leads to more favourable technical basic conditions for the production and use of embedded bioactive fillers.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to preparation and application of a sulfate-reducing composite bacteria culture and embedded bioactive filler.
Background art:
the high-concentration sulfate content is always a typical characteristic of wastewater generated by industrial production, particularly enterprises for heavy metal mining, metal smelting and the like, and the wastewater generated by the enterprises for heavy metal mining and metal smelting simultaneously contains a large amount of heavy metals.
Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria (SRB) having Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria S+6Reduction to S-2Once reduced, sulfur can be oxidized to S by sulfur oxidizing bacteria0Then separating the waste water by a coagulating sedimentation technologyTherefore, the process can not only remove sulfate, but also recover the elemental S. S which is formed by reducing sulfate waste water containing heavy metals-2Insoluble metal sulfide is formed with heavy metal ions, and then precipitate is separated through coagulation reaction, so that heavy metal in the wastewater is removed. Thus, a benign wastewater treatment process of treating waste with waste can be realized by the SRB.
However, according to the reaction principle, because high-concentration retention of SRB in a reactor is difficult to achieve, and meanwhile, SRB bacteria in the form of activated sludge floc and in the form of adsorption growth biomembrane have limited resistance to high-concentration sulfate concentration change and high-concentration heavy metal toxicity, the true process technology formed according to the principle is rarely applied.
Along with the gradual improvement of the bacterial embedding technology, the application of the sulfate reduction technology becomes possible, and a large number of experiments prove that the bacterial embedding technology not only solves the problem of maintaining the high concentration of the SRB bacteria, but also shows extremely good performance in the aspect of resisting various impact loads, particularly the influence on heavy metal toxicity, of the SRB bacteria in the embedding state.
The bacterial cell embedding and immobilizing technology can greatly improve the concentration of microorganisms, and common embedding materials comprise polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), agar, K-carrageenan, gelatin, sodium alginate, polyacrylamide, polyurethane and the like. The PVA in the embedding material has the characteristics of no toxicity to microorganisms, good mass transfer performance, difficult biological decomposition after crosslinking, stable property, high mechanical strength, long service life, low price and the like. The bacterial immobilization technology implemented by the embedding method can realize qualitative and quantitative addition of SRB bacteria and effective protection against impact load.
In the embedding technique, the embedded bioactive filler manufactured by the carrier forming technique at present becomes a biological filler product, a labeled product for application and a technique (Z L201410137379.0) with certain advancement.
In recent years, the embedding technical method in (Z L201410137379.0) is adopted to manufacture sulfate reduction embedding bioactive filler, the netted straight barrel-shaped sulfate reduction embedding bioactive filler is utilized, pilot scale and productive application tests are carried out, the filler is found in the manufacturing and using processes of the filler, and a large space is provided for improving the manufacturing process, the manufacturing cost and the complexity of the structural form of the filler.
Therefore, the invention summarizes the manufacturing technical method and the structural form of the sulfate reduction embedding bioactive filler, makes substantial progress and improvement, and brings more favorable conditions for the application of the treatment process due to the appearance of a new material.
The invention content is as follows:
a preparation method of a sulfate-reducing-reinforced composite bacteria embedded bioactive filler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the directional culture and reinforcement of the sulfate reducing composite bacteria comprise the steps of taking bottom sludge in a heavy metal sulfate wastewater storage pool, precipitating and concentrating the bottom sludge until the water content is 97%, adding the bottom sludge into a sulfate reducing bacteria culture tank, wherein the volume of the bottom sludge is about 1/3 of the effective volume of the culture tank, adding artificially prepared sulfate wastewater at the water temperature of 28 +/-2 ℃ under the low-intensity stirring condition of 80n/min, wherein the adding amount of sulfate is preferably controlled to control the sulfate concentration of the culture tank to be 400 mg/L, the adding amount of sulfate is continuously increased along with the reduction of the sulfate concentration in the culture tank in the culture process, the electronic donor organic matter required by the reaction is preferably sodium lactate, the adding amount is controlled to be twice of the molar amount of sulfate reduction, detecting the sulfate concentration in the mixed culture solution under the state, controlling the pH to be 7.5-8.Elemental solution 5m L/L (microelement solution: ZnSO)4·7H2O：0.50mg/L；NaMoO4·2H2O：0.12mg/L；CoCl2·6H2O：0.20mg/L；MnSO4·H2O：0.50mg/L；NiCl2·6H2O：0.70mg/L；CuSO4·5H2O：0.60mg/L；FeSO4·7H2O: 5.00 mg/L), continuously operating for 18 days, dehydrating and concentrating the culture until the water content is 80-85%, and finally forming the sulfate reducing bacteria culture;
(2) the embedding raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 78-30% of PVA 20; sulfate reducing bacteria culture 50%; 15-20% of diatomite; 4-6% of 100-mesh wood activated carbon; 4-5% of calcium carbonate; the rest 1 percent is inorganic mixture, and the inorganic mixture comprises sodium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and ZnSO according to the mass ratio4·7H2O、NaMoO4·2H2O、CoCl2·6H2O、NiCl2·6H2O、CuSO4·5H2O、MnSO4·H2The mixture of O and the mass ratio is as follows: 20: 28: 50: 0.3: 0.1: 0.1: 0.15: 0.15: 1.2;
(3) the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: dissolving PVA with water at 90 ℃ to prepare PVA solution with the mass percent of 40-50%; adding materials into the components, mechanically stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare a colloidal embedding material; extruding by using a powerful extruder with a column core extrusion head with the aperture of 10-12mm and the embedded diameter of 6-10mm (not 10mm at the same time) to form a tubular and strip-shaped extrudate (the wall thickness is 1.5-2.5 mm); placing the extrudate in a saturated boric acid solution for crosslinking for 4 hours, and cleaning the extrudate with clear water after crosslinking forming to finish the processes of foundation and crosslinking forming; cutting the formed long pipe by a cutting machine, wherein the axial length is 3-5 mm; and (3) placing the cut filler into a 5% sodium sulfate solution for soaking for 4 hours, taking out the filler, and cleaning the filler with clear water to form a final embedded filler product.
The application of the biological active filler embedded by the enhanced sulfate-reducing composite bacteria is characterized in that the filler is filled into reticular suspension spheres with the diameter of 80-150mm, 40-60% of the filler is filled into each sphere, the reticular suspension spheres filled with the filler are placed in a reactor containing sulfate sewage, and the pH value is 8.0 +/-0.5; the organic matter of the electron donor required by the reaction is sodium lactate, the adding amount is controlled to be twice of the reduction molar amount of the sulfate, the continuous operation is carried out every day, and the residual amount of the sulfate in the effluent of the reactor is measured every day to calculate the reduction amount; further adopts circulating reflux water, namely part of the water outlet of the reactor flows back to the water inlet of the reactor.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the wall thickness of the filler (1) is kept to be 1.5-2.5mm without using a net-shaped carrier, so that the embedded amount of a single filler is increased by nearly 20 percent, and the embedded amount of formed filler bacteria is larger; 2. the integral structure of the filler is more stable by increasing the adding proportion (20-30%) of the PVA as the main embedding material, and meanwhile, the adding amount of the PVA is increased and the adding change of other auxiliary materials is combined, so that a tighter micron-sized cavity is formed in the filler embedding body, and the bacteria fixing capacity is more stable; 3. the toughness of the filler is greatly improved by changing the types and the addition proportion of the auxiliary materials, and the stability of the filler in water is also greatly improved by combining the increase of the addition amount of PVA; 4. the length of the filler cylinder is 3-5mm to form a circular ring structure, so that the hydraulic condition in the filler is more excellent, the weight of the filler is reduced due to the formation of a short ring form, the filler forms a fluidized state in water better, and the requirement on the hydraulic stirring strength condition is reduced during use; 5. the toughness of the filler is increased and the volume of the filler is reduced, so that the damage caused by mutual collision and friction of the filler in water is well controlled, and the filler is changed from an original rigid structure into an elastic structure due to the absence of an original rigid reticular carrier, so that the structure of the filler is better protected. 6. The invention combines the characteristics of the sulfate-reducing composite bacteria, adjusts the environment of the embedding material by adjusting the raw material proportion of the inorganic mixture in the embedding material and the difference of inorganic matters such as ferrous sulfate and the like, and leads the sulfate-reducing composite bacteria to interact with the embedding material to further strengthen the reaction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a view showing the overall appearance of the filler formed according to the present invention.
1. A single filler; 2. the thickness of the filler wall; 3. inside the packing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
1. Preparation of Filler (1)
The directional culture and reinforcement of the sulfate-reducing composite bacteria comprise the steps of taking bottom sludge in a heavy metal sulfate wastewater storage pool, precipitating and concentrating the bottom sludge until the water content is 97%, adding the bottom sludge into a sulfate-reducing bacteria culture tank, wherein the volume of the bottom sludge is about 1/3 of the effective volume of the culture tank, adding artificially prepared sulfate wastewater at the water temperature of 28 +/-2 ℃ under the low-intensity stirring condition of 80n/min, wherein the adding amount of sulfate is preferably controlled to control the sulfate concentration of the culture tank to be 400 mg/L, the adding amount of sulfate is continuously increased along with the reduction of the sulfate concentration in the culture tank in the culture process, the electronic donor organic matter required by the reaction is preferably sodium lactate, the adding amount is twice of the molar amount of sulfate reduction, detecting the sulfate concentration in the mixed culture solution under the state, controlling the pH to be 7.5-8.5, and adding a trace element solution of 5m L/L (the4·7H2O：0.50mg/L；NaMoO4·2H2O：0.12mg/L；CoCl2·6H2O：0.20mg/L；MnSO4·H2O：0.50mg/L；NiCl2·6H2O：0.70mg/L；CuSO4·5H2O：0.60mg/L；FeSO4·7H2O: 5.00 mg/L), continuously operating for 18 days, dehydrating and concentrating the culture until the water content is 80%, and finally forming the sulfate reducing bacteria culture;
dissolving PVA by using water at 90 ℃ to prepare PVA solution with the mass concentration of 40%; according to the formula (the adding amount of PVA is 25%, the culture of sulfate reducing bacteria is 50%, the diatomite is 15%, the wood active carbon with 100 meshes is 4%, the calcium carbonate is 5%, and the rest 1% is sodium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and ZnSO4·7H2O、NaMoO4·2H2O、CoCl2·6H2O、NiCl2·6H2O、CuSO4·5H2O、MnSO4·H2Mixing the mixture of O (mass percent: 20: 28: 50: 0.3: 0.1: 0.1: 0.15: 0.15: 1.2)) in proportion; uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture by using a high-strength machine to prepare a gelatinous sulfate reduction embedding material; extruding by using a powerful extruder with an aperture of 10-12mm and an embedded 6-8mm column core extrusion head to form a tubular strip extrudate; placing the extrudate in a saturated boric acid solution for crosslinking for 4 hours, and cleaning the extrudate with clear water after crosslinking forming to finish the boric acid crosslinking forming process; cutting the long pipe after molding to obtain a long pipe with the length of 5 mm; and (3) placing the cut filler (1) into a 5% sodium sulfate solution for soaking for 4 hours, taking out the filler, and then cleaning the filler with clear water to form the final sulfate reducing bacteria embedded filler.
The filler was filled into 100mm diameter suspension spheres, each sphere filled with half the volume of filler.
2. Experiments for embedding active fillers by sulfate reduction (preparation of sulfate content of 6000 mg/L by municipal sewage)
Adding 100 suspension balls (1) prepared in step 1 into a sulfate reduction reactor with the effective volume of 100L, and finally forming the sulfate reducing bacteria embedded bioactive filler with the filling rate of 20 percent, the water temperature of 28 +/-2 ℃ and the HRT (high temperature recovery) rate8hThe pH value is 8.0 +/-0.5;artificially prepared municipal sewage into water with the sulfate content of 6000 mg/L as raw waterThe detection result shows that after the reactor is cultured and recovered for 15 days, the reduction rate of the sulfate reaches 90%, the sulfate in the effluent is stabilized at about 400 mg/L, and the bioactive filler reaction tank is continuously operated for about 7 months, so that the biochemical effect is stable.
Example 2
1. Culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria and preparation of Filler (same as in example 1)
2. Application of sulfate reduction embedding active filler (copper ore mining and smelting mixed waste water)
Establishing a reactor with an effective volume of 4000L, adding to 14000 prepared sulfate reducing filler balls are used to finally form the sulfate reducing bacteria embedded bioactive filler with the filling rate of 20 percent, the water temperature of 28 +/-2 ℃ and the HRT (high temperature recovery temperature)8hpH is 8.0 +/-0.5, the water entering the reactor is copper ore mining and smelting wastewater, the sulfate content is 6500-8200 mg/L, the organic matter of an electron donor required by the reaction is sodium lactate, the adding amount is controlled to be twice of the sulfate reduction amount, a water reflux pump is arranged at the tail end of the reactor, the reaction liquid reflows to the water inlet end of the reactor from the tail end (the part aims to stabilize the pH of the reactor), the reflux ratio is 80% of the water entering the reactor, the reactor continuously operates 24 hours a day, the sulfate residual amount of the water discharged from the reactor is measured every day to calculate the reduction amount, the detection result shows that the sulfate reduction rate reaches 86-92%, the reaction tank continuously operates for nearly 5 months, and the biochemical effect is stable (in the example 2, only a sulfate reduction process section is described, and a plurality of process sections related to sulfur oxidation, iron oxidation, manganese recovery and the like are continuously performed before and after the wastewater.)
The invention has the characteristics that: 1. the thickness of the embedding filler wall (2) is 1.5-2.5mm, and on the premise of keeping good permeability, the amount of embedded bacteria of a single filler (1) is larger, and the amount of bacteria in unit volume is increased by 20%; 2. by increasing the adding proportion of the main embedding material polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and combining the change of the addition of other auxiliary materials, a more compact micron-sized cavity is formed inside the filler embedding body, so that the bacteria fixing capacity is more stable; 3. the toughness of the filler (1) is greatly improved by changing the types and the addition proportion of the auxiliary materials, so that the stability of the filler (1) in water is greatly improved; 4. the length of the cylinder of the filler (1) is 3-5mm, so that the hydraulic condition in the filler (3) is better, the weight of the filler (1) is reduced, the filler (1) forms a fluidized state in water better, and the requirement on the hydraulic stirring strength condition is reduced in use; 5. due to the fact that the toughness of the filler (1) is increased and the volume of the filler is reduced, the filler (1) becomes an elastic body, the abrasion caused by mutual collision and friction in water is small, and the structural protection of the filler (1) is achieved. The invention combines the characteristics of the sulfate-reducing composite bacteria, adjusts the environment of the embedding material by adjusting the raw material proportion of the inorganic mixture in the embedding material and the difference of inorganic matters such as ferrous sulfate and the like, and leads the sulfate-reducing composite bacteria to interact with the embedding material to further strengthen the reaction.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a sulfate-reducing-reinforced composite bacteria embedded bioactive filler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the directional culture and reinforcement of the sulfate-reducing composite bacteria comprise the steps of taking bottom sludge in a heavy metal sulfate wastewater storage pool, precipitating and concentrating the bottom sludge until the water content is 97%, adding the bottom sludge into a sulfate-reducing bacteria culture tank, wherein the volume of the bottom sludge is about 1/3 of the effective volume of the culture tank, adding artificially prepared sulfate wastewater at the water temperature of 28 +/-2 ℃ under the low-intensity stirring condition of 80n/min, wherein the adding amount of sulfate is preferably controlled to control the sulfate concentration of the culture tank to be 400 mg/L, the adding amount of sulfate is continuously increased along with the reduction of the sulfate concentration in the culture tank in the culture process, the electronic donor organic matter required by the reaction is preferably sodium lactate, the adding amount is twice of the molar amount of sulfate reduction, detecting the sulfate concentration in the mixed culture solution under the state, controlling the pH to be 7.5-8.5, and adding a trace element solution of 5m L/L (the4·7H2O：0.50mg/L；NaMoO4·2H2O：0.12mg/L；CoCl2·6H2O：0.20mg/L；MnSO4·H2O：0.50mg/L；NiCl2·6H2O：0.70mg/L；CuSO4·5H2O：0.60mg/L；FeSO4·7H2O: 5.00 mg/L), continuously operating for 18 days, dehydrating and concentrating the culture until the water content is 80-85%, and finally forming the sulfate reducing bacteria culture;
(2) the embedding raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 78-30% of PVA 20; sulfate reducing bacteria culture 50%; 15-20% of diatomite; 4-6% of 100-mesh wood activated carbon; 4-5% of calcium carbonate; the rest 1 percent is inorganic mixture, and the inorganic mixture comprises sodium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and ZnSO according to the mass ratio4·7H2O、NaMoO4·2H2O、CoCl2·6H2O、NiCl2·6H2O、CuSO4·5H2O、MnSO4·H2Mixture of OThe mass ratio is as follows: 20: 28: 50: 0.3: 0.1: 0.1: 0.15: 0.15: 1.2;
(3) the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: dissolving PVA with water at 90 ℃ to prepare PVA solution with the mass percent of 40-50%; adding materials into the components, mechanically stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare a colloidal embedding material; extruding by using a powerful extruder with an extrusion head with a column core with the aperture of 10-12mm and the embedded diameter of 6-10mm (not 10mm at the same time) to form a tubular strip extrudate; placing the extrudate in a saturated boric acid solution for crosslinking for 4 hours, and cleaning the extrudate with clear water after crosslinking forming to finish the processes of foundation and crosslinking forming; cutting the formed long pipe by a cutting machine, wherein the axial length is 3-5 mm; and (3) placing the cut filler into a 5% sodium sulfate solution for soaking for 4 hours, taking out the filler, and cleaning the filler with clear water to form a final embedded filler product.
2. The method for preparing the sulfate-reducing-enhanced composite bacteria-embedded bioactive filler according to claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the final embedded filler product is 1.5-2.5 mm.
3. An enhanced sulfate-reducing complex bacteria embedded bioactive filler prepared according to the method of claim 1 or 2.
4. Use of a filler for reinforcing the encapsulation of biologically active sulfate-reducing complex bacteria, prepared according to the method of claim 1 or 2, by filling the filler into reticulated suspension spheres having a diameter of 80-150mm, each sphere being filled with 40-60% by volume of the filler, placing the reticulated suspension spheres filled with the filler in a reactor containing sulfate-containing waste water, at a pH of 8.0 ± 0.5; the organic matter of the electron donor required by the reaction is sodium lactate, the adding amount is controlled to be twice of the reduction molar amount of the sulfate, the continuous operation is carried out every day, and the residual amount of the sulfate in the effluent of the reactor is measured every day to calculate the reduction amount; further adopts circulating reflux water, namely part of the water outlet of the reactor flows back to the water inlet of the reactor.
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