CN111463573A - Dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna - Google Patents
Dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111463573A CN111463573A CN202010319853.7A CN202010319853A CN111463573A CN 111463573 A CN111463573 A CN 111463573A CN 202010319853 A CN202010319853 A CN 202010319853A CN 111463573 A CN111463573 A CN 111463573A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/06—Waveguide mouths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna which comprises a C-band planar printed oscillator antenna, a Ku-band open waveguide antenna, a C-band connector, a Ku-band connector and supporting foam. The C-band planar printed dipole antenna is a microstrip antenna, is printed on a single-layer microwave medium substrate, and adopts a horizontal polarization working mode; the bottom end of the Ku waveband opening waveguide antenna is directly provided with a multi-level wave synchronization converter, and the working mode is vertical polarization; the C-band connector is a radio frequency short cable with impedance conversion, one end of the C-band connector is in a welding pin form and can be directly welded on the C-band antenna unit, and the other end of the C-band connector can be selected from different types of radio frequency connectors according to requirements; the Ku wave band connector is used according to requirementsDifferent types of radio frequency connectors can be selected; the section height difference between the C-band planar printed dipole antenna and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna is 1/4 lambdacOr 3/4 lambdacAnd the C-band planar printed dipole antenna is supported in the middle through supporting foam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna.
Background
With the development of new technology and the application of new operational concepts, the development characteristics of airborne weapons and airborne patterns are obviously changed in the future, and the radar needs to complete the functions of searching, tracking and instruction guidance. In order to realize different functions of the radar, different working frequency bands are usually selected to meet the search requirements of high power and large airspace, the tracking guidance requirements of high precision and high data rate are also met, and meanwhile, the superior low-altitude performance is required. Meanwhile, in order to improve the system integration level, the size is small, the adaptability is good, and the development of the single-side dual-band common-caliber rotary phased array system radar is more and more favored. Compared with the traditional single-frequency band array surface, the double-frequency band array surface can be mutually backed up, so that the reliability is higher, and the anti-interference capability is stronger; and the independent working resources of the double array surfaces are rich, and the multitasking capability is strong.
In order to meet the problems of large airspace scanning range and electromagnetic compatibility of a single-side dual-band common-caliber rotary phased array radar, the design of a dual-band composite-caliber antenna array surface is particularly important, and the requirements of small distance, no shielding between the two and high isolation between frequency bands are required to be met. For example, the patent "a low-profile dual-frequency two-dimensional wide-angle scanning common-aperture phased array antenna", application No.: CN110112573A, a back feed structure, a middle layer dielectric layer, a second middle layer copper metallization layer, an upper layer dielectric layer, an upper layer copper metallization layer, a first metalized via hole and a second metalized via hole which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top in a strip line and microstrip line form; the first metalized through hole penetrates through the second middle-layer metal copper-clad layer, the middle-layer dielectric layer and the back feed structure to jointly form the low-frequency antenna; the second metalized through holes correspond to the first metalized through holes one to one, the second metalized through holes penetrate through the first metalized through holes and penetrate through the upper dielectric layer to be connected with the upper metal copper clad layer, and a high-frequency antenna is formed together. And due to the limitation of the size of the microstrip antenna, the space between the antenna units is large, large-angle scanning cannot be met, and the low isolation cannot meet the requirement of radar on electromagnetic compatibility.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna, which utilizes the low-frequency cut-off characteristic of a waveguide antenna and the working mode of cross polarization of the dual-band antenna, thereby not only realizing high isolation between the dual-band antennas, but also being beneficial to solving the problem of electromagnetic compatibility of the radar working between different frequency bands; and the arrangement of the dual-band antenna units is realized in the unit interval smaller than 1/2 lambda by utilizing the height difference of the cross section, and the shielding is avoided, so that the wide-angle scanning of the dual-band is realized, and the working performance of the radar is favorably improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the utility model provides a compound bore array antenna of dual-band high isolation wide angle scanning, includes C wave band plane printing oscillator antenna, Ku wave band open waveguide antenna, C wave band connector, Ku wave band connector and supports the foam, wherein:
the C-band planar printed dipole antenna comprises a first vibrating arm, a second vibrating arm and a single-layer microwave dielectric substrate, is printed on the single-layer microwave dielectric substrate by adopting a microstrip antenna and adopts a horizontal polarization working mode;
the Ku waveband opening waveguide antenna comprises an opening waveguide and a multi-level wave co-converter, wherein the multi-level wave co-converter is directly arranged at the bottom end of the Ku waveband opening waveguide antenna, and a vertical polarization working mode is adopted;
one end of the C-band connector is provided with a first welding pin and a second welding pin, the first welding pin is connected with an inner core of a cable, the second welding pin is connected with an outer core of the cable, the first welding pin and the second welding pin are respectively and correspondingly welded on a first vibrating arm and a second vibrating arm of the C-band planar printed oscillator antenna, and the other end of the C-band connector adopts a radio frequency connector in any form;
the Ku waveband connector adopts a radio frequency connector in any form;
the difference between the cross section heights of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna is 1/4 lambdacOr 3/4 lambdacThe end surface of the Ku-band open waveguide antenna is just used as a reflecting surface of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna, and the C-band planar printed dipole antenna is supported by the supporting foam in the middle.
Further, the other end of the C-band connector adopts an SMP or SMA radio frequency connector.
Further, the C-band connector is a short rf cable with impedance transformation, and the impedance transformation is from 50 Ω at the input end to 70.7 Ω at the antenna end.
Further, the open waveguide adopts a standard full-height waveguide, a standard half-height waveguide or an 1/4 high waveguide.
Furthermore, the Ku waveband connector adopts an SMP or SMA radio frequency connector, and an inner core of the Ku waveband connector adopts a welding-free explosion pin mode.
Further, the arrangement mode of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna includes triangular array arrangement or rectangular array arrangement.
Further, the distance between the C-band planar printed dipole antenna and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna is determined according to the wide angle scanning range of the array surface, and the wide angle scanning range of +/-60 degrees can be met to the maximum extent.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
the invention realizes the dual-band composite aperture array antenna by adopting the combination of the microstrip antenna and the waveguide antenna, and has natural cut-off effect on low frequency by adopting the waveguide antenna form at high frequency, thereby having higher frequency band isolation effect. The microstrip antenna adopts a planar printed oscillator form, has small size, is easy to process and realize, adopts a half-high waveguide form as the waveguide, gives consideration to the working bandwidth and size, and realizes the small-pitch array arrangement of the two frequency band antenna units by utilizing the height difference on the section, thereby meeting the large-angle scanning range of the array surface. Compared with the traditional dual-band common-caliber antenna array surface, the dual-band common-caliber antenna array surface has the characteristics of excellent performance, high reliability, high integration level and convenience in manufacturing and assembling.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-band composite aperture array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of standing waves of a C-band planar printed dipole antenna in an array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave of a Ku-band half-height open waveguide antenna in an array according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating isolation between two frequency bands when excited by a C-band antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating isolation between two frequency bands when a Ku band antenna is excited in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a C-band planar printed dipole antenna array 45 scan pattern in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a Ku band half-height open waveguide antenna array 45 ° scan pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[ description of main symbols ]
1-C wave band plane printing element antenna;
11-a first vibrating arm;
12-a second vibrating arm;
13-single-layer microwave dielectric substrate;
2-Ku band open waveguide antenna;
21-an open waveguide;
22-a multilevel synchronous wave converter;
a 3-C band connector;
31-a first welding pin;
32-a second welding pin;
4-Ku band connector;
5-supporting the foam.
Detailed Description
While the embodiments of the present invention will be described and illustrated in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna, which includes a C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1, a Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2, a C-band connector 3, a Ku-band connector 4, and a supporting foam 5, where the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1 may select different microstrip patch forms and different array arrangement modes, and is only used as a preferred embodiment herein, so as to better describe the structure and performance of the present invention, specifically:
the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1 comprises a first vibrating arm 11, a second vibrating arm 12 and a single-layer microwave dielectric substrate 13, and the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1 is printed on the single-layer microwave dielectric substrate 13 by adopting a microstrip antenna and adopts a horizontal polarization working mode;
the Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2 comprises an open waveguide 21 and a multi-level waveguide and converter 22, wherein the open waveguide 21 adopts a standard full-height waveguide, a standard half-height waveguide or an 1/4 high waveguide, the multi-level waveguide and converter 22 is directly arranged at the bottom end of the Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2, and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2 adopts a vertical polarization working mode;
the C-band connector 3 is a short rf cable with impedance transformation from 50 Ω at the input end to 70.7 Ω at the antenna end. One end of the C-band connector 3 is provided with a first welding pin 31 and a second welding pin 32, the first welding pin 31 is connected with an inner core of a cable, the second welding pin 32 is connected with an outer core of the cable and is respectively and correspondingly welded on the first vibrating arm 11 and the second vibrating arm 12 of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1, and the other end of the C-band connector 3 can adopt radio frequency connectors in any form such as SMP or SMA according to actual application requirements;
the Ku waveband connector 4 can be made of SMP, SMA and other radio frequency connectors in any form according to actual application requirements; the inner core of the Ku-band connector 4 is in the form of an explosive contact pin without welding.
The difference between the cross section heights of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1 and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2 is 1/4 lambdacOr 3/4 lambdacThe end face of the Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2 is just used as a reflecting surface of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1, and the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1 is supported in the middle by the supporting foam 5.
In this embodiment, the arrangement of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1 and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2 includes triangular array arrangement or rectangular array arrangement. The distance between the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1 and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2 is determined according to the wide angle scanning range of the array surface, and the wide angle scanning range of +/-60 degrees can be met to the maximum extent.
As shown in fig. 1, the number of the units of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna 1 and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna 2 is, in this embodiment, a triangular array small array of 4 × 4 and 6 × 12 is provided, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and according to the actual design application requirements, the present invention can cover any number of units and any interval of triangular array or rectangular array small array, and the high frequency adopts a waveguide antenna form, which has a natural cut-off effect on the low frequency, thereby having a high frequency band isolation effect.
The performance of the dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna of the embodiment of fig. 1 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2 to 7.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of standing waves of a C-band planar printed dipole antenna in an array according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the abscissa represents frequency variation in GHz; the ordinate represents the standing wave VSWR amplitude variation. As shown in the figure, the working frequency band of the present embodiment is 5.2 GHz-5.8 GHz, and the VSWR of the RF monitoring port standing wave is less than 1.8 in the pass band.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a standing wave of a Ku-band high-aperture waveguide antenna in an array according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the operating frequency band of the embodiment is 13.3GHz to 15.8GHz, and the VSWR of the rf monitoring port is less than 2 in the passband.
FIG. 4 is a graph of isolation between two frequency bands when a C-band antenna is excited according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the abscissa represents the frequency variation in GHz; the ordinate represents the isolation amplitude variation in dB. As shown in the figure, the working frequency band of the present embodiment is 5.2 GHz-5.8 GHz, and the isolation between the two frequency bands is < -46 dB.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the isolation between two frequency bands when the Ku-band antenna is excited according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the operating frequency band of the embodiment is 13.3 GHz-15.8 GHz, and the isolation between the two frequency bands is < -31 dB.
FIG. 6 is a 45 degree scanning pattern for a C-band planar printed dipole antenna array in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; wherein the abscissa represents an angle variable, unit degree; the ordinate represents the amplitude variation, in dB. As shown in the figure, the operating band of this embodiment is 5.2GHz to 5.8GHz, and the beam scanning angle is 45 °.
FIG. 7 is a Ku band planar printed dipole antenna array 45 degree scan pattern in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, the operating band of this embodiment is 13.3GHz to 15.8GHz, and the beam scanning angle is 45 °.
Therefore, the dual-band composite aperture array antenna is realized by combining the microstrip antenna and the waveguide antenna, and the high frequency adopts the waveguide antenna form, so that the antenna has a natural cut-off effect on the low frequency, thereby having a higher frequency band isolation effect. The microstrip antenna adopts a planar printed oscillator form, has small size, is easy to process and realize, adopts a half-high waveguide form as the waveguide, gives consideration to the working bandwidth and size, and realizes the small-pitch array arrangement of the two frequency band antenna units by utilizing the height difference on the section, thereby meeting the large-angle scanning range of the array surface. Compared with the traditional dual-band common-caliber antenna array surface, the dual-band common-caliber antenna array surface has the characteristics of excellent performance, high reliability, high integration level and convenience in manufacturing and assembling.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a compound bore array antenna of dual-band high isolation wide angle scanning which characterized in that, includes C wave band plane printing oscillator antenna, Ku wave band open waveguide antenna, C wave band connector, Ku wave band connector and supports the foam, wherein:
the C-band planar printed dipole antenna comprises a first vibrating arm, a second vibrating arm and a single-layer microwave dielectric substrate, is printed on the single-layer microwave dielectric substrate by adopting a microstrip antenna and adopts a horizontal polarization working mode;
the Ku waveband opening waveguide antenna comprises an opening waveguide and a multi-level wave co-converter, wherein the multi-level wave co-converter is directly arranged at the bottom end of the Ku waveband opening waveguide antenna, and a vertical polarization working mode is adopted;
one end of the C-band connector is provided with a first welding pin and a second welding pin, the first welding pin is connected with an inner core of a cable, the second welding pin is connected with an outer core of the cable, the first welding pin and the second welding pin are respectively and correspondingly welded on a first vibrating arm and a second vibrating arm of the C-band planar printed oscillator antenna, and the other end of the C-band connector adopts a radio frequency connector in any form;
the Ku waveband connector adopts a radio frequency connector in any form;
the difference between the cross section heights of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna is 1/4 lambdacOr 3/4 lambdacThe end surface of the Ku-band open waveguide antenna is just used as a reflecting surface of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna, and the C-band planar printed dipole antenna is supported by the supporting foam in the middle.
2. The dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the other end of the C-band connector adopts a radio frequency connector in an SMP or SMA form.
3. The dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the C-band connector is a short rf cable with impedance transformation from 50 Ω at the input end to 70.7 Ω at the antenna end.
4. The dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the open waveguide is a standard full-height waveguide, a standard half-height waveguide or an 1/4-height waveguide.
5. The dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Ku-band connector is a radio frequency connector in an SMP or SMA form, and an inner core of the Ku-band connector is in a welding-free explosive pin form.
6. The dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement modes of the C-band planar printed dipole antenna and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna comprise triangular array arrangement or rectangular array arrangement.
7. The dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna of claim 1, wherein the distance between the C-band planar printed dipole antenna and the Ku-band open waveguide antenna is determined according to the array wide-angle scanning range, and the wide-angle scanning range of +/-60 degrees can be met to the maximum extent.
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| CN202010319853.7A CN111463573B (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | Dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna |
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| CN202010319853.7A CN111463573B (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | Dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna |
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| CN111463573B CN111463573B (en) | 2021-03-05 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0570863B1 (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1999-04-14 | DaimlerChrysler AG | Surveillance radar antenna in flat configuration |
| CN108701893A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2018-10-23 | 凯瑟琳欧洲股份公司 | Dual polarized antenna |
| CN109326867A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of portable double polarization array antenna |
| CN110571517A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-13 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | Wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna |
-
2020
- 2020-04-21 CN CN202010319853.7A patent/CN111463573B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0570863B1 (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1999-04-14 | DaimlerChrysler AG | Surveillance radar antenna in flat configuration |
| CN108701893A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2018-10-23 | 凯瑟琳欧洲股份公司 | Dual polarized antenna |
| CN109326867A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of portable double polarization array antenna |
| CN110571517A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-13 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | Wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| ZHU SUN等: "A Ka-band Open-Ended Waveguide Linear Array Radiator with Integrated Coupler", 《2016 IEEE 5TH ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (APCAP)》 * |
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