CN109950693A - Integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antenna - Google Patents
Integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109950693A CN109950693A CN201910292134.8A CN201910292134A CN109950693A CN 109950693 A CN109950693 A CN 109950693A CN 201910292134 A CN201910292134 A CN 201910292134A CN 109950693 A CN109950693 A CN 109950693A
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Abstract
The invention discloses integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antennas comprising top dielectric plate, layer dielectric plate and the blank medium plate being arranged between top dielectric plate and layer dielectric plate；The upper surface of top dielectric plate is printed with the first copper-clad, it is etched on first copper-clad multiple along the spaced slot element of predetermined direction, slot element includes length direction intersection and two not parallel with predetermined direction rectangular apertures, and the lower surface of top dielectric plate is printed with the feeding microstrip line along predetermined direction setting；The upper surface of layer dielectric plate is printed with the circular metal patch of periodic arrangement, and the lower surface of layer dielectric plate is printed with the second copper-clad, and each circular metal patch is equipped with the metallic vias through layer dielectric plate, and metallic vias is connect with the second copper-clad.The present invention can overcome the disadvantages of existing circular polarized antenna structure is complicated, electromagnetic shielding performance is not strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical fields, more particularly to integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap travelling wave array day
Line.
Background technique
Circular polarized antenna is due to thus being widely used in navigation with good compatibility and good anti-interference ability
In the scenes such as satellite, radar and mobile communication.Up to the present, it can be roughly divided into the circular polarized antenna of millimere-wave band work micro-
Band circular polarized antenna, metal rectangular waveguide (RW) circular polarized antenna and substrate integration wave-guide (SIW) circular polarized antenna.But face
Millimere-wave band is used, there are some problems, such as the structure of pure metal to be difficult to make in millimere-wave band for traditional circular polarized antenna
It makes, the electromagnetic shielding performance of substrate integration wave-guide (SIW) is not strong, structure is complicated.In addition, the demand of IT-based warfare promotes radar
The development of the communication technology is swift and violent.Increasingly complex war environment is adapted to, radar accuracy and anti-interference ability is improved, usually requires that
Antenna has extremely low minor lobe and higher main lobe gain.And wave guide slot array antenna can by control antenna element spacing to
Realize Sidelobe and narrow main lobe.Therefore Waveguide slot antenna is air to surface ground-to-ground, has in air-to-air IT-based warfare extensively
Research and application value.
In recent years, integral substrate gap waveguide (ISGW) transmission line is suggested, which is realized based on multi-layer PCB,
It is divided into two kinds of structures of the integral substrate gap waveguide with ridge and micro-strip integral substrate gap waveguide.Integral substrate gap wave with ridge
It leads and is generally made of two layers of PCB, upper layer PCB outer surface applies copper entirely and constitutes perfect electric conductor (PEC), is printed on lower layer PCB
Microstrip line with lower-lying metal is connected to form a kind of structure of similar ridge, micro-strip on microstrip line with a series of metallization VIAs
Line two sides are periodic mushroom configurations to form perfect magnetic conductor (PMC).Due to forming mushroom-shaped EBG between PEC and PMC
(Electromagnetic Band Gap, electromagnetic field band gap) structure, electromagnetic wave (quasi- TEM wave) can only be propagated along microstrip line,
But since micro-strip ridge in the integral substrate gap waveguide with ridge and mushroom-shaped EBG structure are on same layer pcb board, so
Its micro-strip ridge will receive the restriction of mushroom-shaped EBG structure and inconvenient cabling, there is limitation in practical applications.
Micro-strip integral substrate gap waveguide is made of three layers of pcb board.Copper is covered entirely and forms PEC, inside in the outside of upper layer pcb board
Then printed microstrip line all prints the mushroom-shaped EBG structure of periodic arrangement on bottom pcb board to constitute PMC, on upper layer and bottom
Intercalation reaction one block of blank medium plate separates upper layer pcb board and bottom pcb board.Due to having the partition of blank dielectric-slab, micro-strip
Line flexible layout, it is not necessary to worry to be restricted by periodic structure.When the work of this integral substrate gap waveguide, quasi- TEM wave can edge
Microstrip line propagated in the medium substrate between microstrip line and PEC, the microstrip line that this operating mode and medium bury is very
It is similar.But similarly, the mushroom-shaped EBG structure between PEC and PMC can prevent the propagation of wave in the other direction, it is difficult to protect
Demonstrate,prove the propagation of the quasi- TEM wave along microstrip line.
Therefore, there is the disadvantages of structure is complicated, electromagnetic shielding performance is not strong in the circular polarized antenna of above two structure.
Summary of the invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antenna,
The disadvantages of existing circular polarized antenna structure is complicated, electromagnetic shielding performance is not strong can be overcome.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: integral substrate gap waveguide circle is provided
Polarize gap traveling-wave array antenna, including top dielectric plate (1), layer dielectric plate (3) and setting are in the top dielectric plate
(1) the blank medium plate (2) between layer dielectric plate (3)；The upper surface of the top dielectric plate (1) is printed with the first deposited copper
Layer (11) is etched on first copper-clad (11) multiple along the spaced slot element of predetermined direction (12), the seam
Gap unit (12) include length direction intersection and two not parallel with predetermined direction rectangular apertures (121), it is described on
The lower surface of layer dielectric-slab (1) is printed with the feeding microstrip line (13) along predetermined direction setting；The layer dielectric plate (3)
Upper surface be printed with the circular metal patch (31) of periodic arrangement, the lower surface of the layer dielectric plate (3) is printed with
Two copper-clads (32), each circular metal patch (31) are equipped with the metallic vias (33) through layer dielectric plate (3), institute
Metallic vias (33) is stated to connect with the second copper-clad (32).
Preferably, the length direction of two rectangular apertures (121) of the slot element (12) is formed with predetermined direction
41.5 ° of angle.
Preferably, the top dielectric plate (1), blank medium plate (2) and layer dielectric plate (3) are all made of
Rogers4003C plate, thickness are respectively 0.508mm, 0.254mm, 0.813mm.
Preferably, the geometric center point of two rectangular apertures (121) of the slot element (12) is in feeding microstrip line
(13) projection on is at a distance of 1.8mm.
Preferably, the geometric center point of two rectangular apertures (121) of the slot element (12) is to feeding microstrip line
(13) the vertical line distance of center line is 1.8mm.
Preferably, the spacing of the two neighboring slot element (12) is 7.6mm.
Preferably, the geometric center point of the end of the feeding microstrip line (13) and nearest rectangular aperture (121) away from
From for 4.0mm.
Preferably, the quantity of the slot element (12) is 7, and the circular metal patch (31) is 25 × 6 arrays.
Preferably, the top dielectric plate (1), layer dielectric plate (3) and blank medium plate (2) are bonded together.
Preferably, the width of the feeding microstrip line (13) is in ladder transition.
It is in contrast to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: constituting integrated base by using three blocks of dielectric-slabs
Piece gap waveguide antenna array, three blocks of dielectric-slabs are respectively the top dielectric plate for having copper clad layers, there is the layer dielectric of electromagnetic field band gap
Plate and the blank medium plate for separating upper and lower layer dielectric-slab are etched with multiple slot elements in the copper clad layers of top dielectric plate, often
A slot element includes two rectangular apertures, and the feeding microstrip line of top dielectric plate lower surface motivates two rectangular apertures to generate circle
Polarized radiation forms ISGW circular polarisation travelling-wave aerial, and so as to overcome, existing circular polarized antenna structure is complicated, is electromagnetically shielded
The advantages that the disadvantages of performance is not strong has group battle array simple, and strong antijamming capability is easy of integration, broader bandwidth, narrow beam, Sidelobe,
It can be applied to 5G and other radio frequencies, microwave and Millimeter-wave Wireless Communication System.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antenna of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is bowing for the top dielectric plate of integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap shown in FIG. 1 traveling-wave array antenna
Depending on schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is facing upward for the top dielectric plate of integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap shown in FIG. 1 traveling-wave array antenna
Depending on schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is bowing for the layer dielectric plate of integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap shown in FIG. 1 traveling-wave array antenna
Depending on schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is facing upward for the layer dielectric plate of integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap shown in FIG. 1 traveling-wave array antenna
Depending on schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is echo when integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap shown in FIG. 1 traveling-wave array antenna port 1 is fed
Loss and axis compare simulation result schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is 23GHz when integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap shown in FIG. 1 traveling-wave array antenna port 1 is fed
The gain simulation result schematic diagram at place.
Fig. 8 is echo when integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap shown in FIG. 1 traveling-wave array antenna port 2 is fed
Loss and axis compare simulation result schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is 23GHz when integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap shown in FIG. 1 traveling-wave array antenna port 2 is fed
The gain simulation result schematic diagram at place.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Refering to fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antenna of the embodiment of the present invention includes
Top dielectric plate 1, layer dielectric plate 3 and the blank medium plate 2 being arranged between top dielectric plate 1 and layer dielectric plate 3.
The upper surface of top dielectric plate 1 is printed with the first copper-clad 11, is etched on the first copper-clad 11 multiple along predetermined
The spaced slot element 12 in direction, slot element 12 include length direction intersection and not parallel with predetermined direction two
Rectangular aperture 121.Predetermined direction is, for example, the length direction of top dielectric plate 1, and slot element 12 can be set in top dielectric
On the center line of plate 1.The angle of the length direction of two rectangular apertures 121 of slot element 12 is between 0-90 °.
The lower surface of top dielectric plate 1 is printed with the feeding microstrip line 13 along predetermined direction setting.Feeding microstrip line 13
Width can be in ladder transition.
Blank medium plate 2 makes top dielectric plate 1 and layer dielectric plate for separating top dielectric plate 1 and layer dielectric plate 3
Gap is formed between 3.Top dielectric plate 1, layer dielectric plate 3 and blank medium plate 2 can be bonded together.
The upper surface of layer dielectric plate 3 is printed with the circular metal patch 31 of periodic arrangement, the following table of layer dielectric plate 3
Face is printed with the second copper-clad 32, and each circular metal patch 31 is equipped with the metallic vias 33 through layer dielectric plate 3, metal
Via hole 33 is connect with the second copper-clad 32.Each circular metal patch 31 together constitutes mushroom-shaped with metallic vias 33 thereon
EBG structure, in this way, being formed the mushroom-shaped EBG structure of periodic arrangement on layer dielectric plate 3.
Two ends of feeding microstrip line 13 are as two ports, when a port (referred to as port 1) connects coaxial probe,
Another port (referred to as port 2) connects 50 ohm of matched loads, and when port 2 connects 50 ohm of matched loads, port 1 is connected together
Axis probe.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the length direction of two rectangular apertures 121 of slot element 12 with it is predetermined
Direction forms 41.5 ° of angle, and the geometric center point of two rectangular apertures 121 of slot element 12 is on feeding microstrip line 13
Projection is at a distance of 1.8mm, geometric center point the hanging down to 13 center line of feeding microstrip line of two rectangular apertures 121 of slot element 12
Linear distance is 1.8mm, and the spacing of two neighboring slot element 12 is 7.6mm, the end of feeding microstrip line 13 and nearest square
The distance of the geometric center point in shape gap 121 is 4.0mm.
Top dielectric plate 1, blank medium plate 2, layer dielectric plate 3, the first copper-clad 11, feeding microstrip line 13, periodicity
The mushroom-shaped EBG structure and the second copper-clad 32 of arrangement constitute microstrip type integral substrate gap waveguide structure.Top dielectric
The feeding microstrip line 13 of 1 lower surface of plate can motivate multiple slot elements 12 to generate radiation.When the size of rectangular aperture 121 is fixed
When, it is lengthened or shortened the length of feeding microstrip line 13, return loss changes greatly, but axis is smaller than changing.
Since the length direction of two rectangular apertures 121 of slot element 12 forms 41.5 ° of angle with predetermined direction,
The angle that 41.5 ° are namely formed with feeding microstrip line 13, generates two orthogonal electric field components with this, forms circular polarisation electromagnetism
Wave.
The integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antenna of the present embodiment has following in practical applications
Characteristic:
When other parameters immobilize, if the spacing of two neighboring slot element 12 increases, the axis ratio of antenna and resistance
Anti- bandwidth remains unchanged, and highest-gain is deviated to mating end, and minor level increases；If the spacing of two neighboring slot element 12
Reduce, the axis ratio and impedance bandwidth of antenna remain unchanged, and highest-gain is deviated to feed end, and minor level increases.
When other parameters immobilize, if port 1 increases at a distance from the geometric center point of nearest rectangular aperture 121
Greatly, the axis ratio of antenna and impedance bandwidth remain unchanged, and axial ratio bandwidth reduces, and band inner shaft runs down than performance；If port 1 with
The distance of the geometric center point of nearest rectangular aperture 121 reduces, and the axis ratio and impedance bandwidth of antenna remain unchanged, axial ratio bandwidth
Reduce, band inner shaft runs down than performance.
When other parameters immobilize, if port 1 connects coaxial probe, port 2 connects 50 ohm of matched loads, day
Beta radiation right-handed circular polarization wave；If port 2 connects coaxial probe, port 1 connects 50 ohm of matched loads, aerial radiation dextrorotation
Circularly polarised wave, aerial radiation left-hand circular polarization wave.
When other parameters immobilize, if 12 quantity of slot element increases, antenna impedance bandwidth is remained unchanged, axis ratio
Bandwidth reduces, and gain increases, and main beam width reduces；If 12 quantity of slot element is reduced, antenna impedance bandwidth is remained unchanged,
Axial ratio bandwidth increases, gain reduction, and main beam width increases.
In practical applications, in order to obtain required working band, need suitably to choose the mushroom-shaped of periodic arrangement
In the period of the size and mushroom EBG structure of circular metal patch 31 and metallic vias 33, make mushroom-shaped EBG in EBG structure
The electromagnetic wave frequency band that the stopband and integral substrate gap waveguide of structure are propagated is adapted.For example, in a kind of concrete application, seam
The quantity of gap unit 12 is 7, and circular metal patch 31 is 25 × 6 arrays, i.e., mushroom-shaped EBG structure is 25 × 6 arrays.
In order to which the integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antenna of the present embodiment is described in detail, it is given below
One specific example.In the specific example, top dielectric plate (1), blank medium plate (2) and layer dielectric plate (3) are adopted
With Rogers4003C plate, thickness is respectively 0.508mm, 0.254mm, 0.813mm.Test knot is obtained by emulating and testing
Fruit, as shown in Figures 6 to 9, test result show when port 1 feed when, -10dB impedance bandwidth the 20.4- of the antenna
31.2GHz (relative bandwidth 41.8%), 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 21.5-25.3GHz (relative bandwidth 16.2%), in 23GHz
The maximum gain at place is about 12.7dBi, and minor level is less than -11.9dB；When port 2 is fed, -10dB impedance the band of the antenna
Wide 20.6-31.2GHz (relative bandwidth 40.9%), 3dB axial ratio bandwidth are that (relative bandwidth is 21.6-23.88GHz
10.0%), the maximum gain at 23GHz is about 13dBi, and minor level is less than -12.4dB.In figure, S11Indicate return loss,
AR indicates axis ratio.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap traveling-wave array antenna, which is characterized in that including top dielectric plate
(1), layer dielectric plate (3) and the blank medium plate being arranged between the top dielectric plate (1) and layer dielectric plate (3)
(2)；The upper surface of the top dielectric plate (1) is printed with the first copper-clad (11), is etched on first copper-clad (11)
It is multiple along the spaced slot element of predetermined direction (12), the slot element (12) include length direction intersection and not with
Two parallel rectangular apertures (121) of the predetermined direction, the lower surface of the top dielectric plate (1) are printed with along described predetermined
The feeding microstrip line (13) of direction setting；The upper surface of the layer dielectric plate (3) is printed with the circular metal of periodic arrangement
The lower surface of patch (31), the layer dielectric plate (3) is printed with the second copper-clad (32), each circular metal patch
(31) it is equipped with the metallic vias (33) through layer dielectric plate (3), the metallic vias (33) and the second copper-clad (32) are even
It connects.
2. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 traveling-wave array antenna, which is characterized in that institute
The length direction for stating two rectangular apertures (121) of slot element (12) forms 41.5 ° of angle with predetermined direction.
3. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 traveling-wave array antenna, which is characterized in that institute
It states top dielectric plate (1), blank medium plate (2) and layer dielectric plate (3) and is all made of Rogers4003C plate, thickness difference
For 0.508mm, 0.254mm, 0.813mm.
4. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 or 3 traveling-wave array antenna, feature exist
In projection phase of the geometric center point of two rectangular apertures (121) of the slot element (12) on feeding microstrip line (13)
Away from 1.8mm.
5. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 or 3 traveling-wave array antenna, feature exist
In geometric center point the hanging down to feeding microstrip line (13) center line of two rectangular apertures (121) of the slot element (12)
Linear distance is 1.8mm.
6. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 or 3 traveling-wave array antenna, feature exist
In the spacing of the two neighboring slot element (12) is 7.6mm.
7. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 or 3 traveling-wave array antenna, feature exist
In the end of the feeding microstrip line (13) is 4.0mm at a distance from the geometric center point of nearest rectangular aperture (121).
8. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 or 3 traveling-wave array antenna, feature exist
In the quantity of the slot element (12) is 7, and the circular metal patch (31) is 25 × 6 arrays.
9. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 traveling-wave array antenna, which is characterized in that institute
Top dielectric plate (1), layer dielectric plate (3) and blank medium plate (2) is stated to be bonded together.
10. integral substrate gap waveguide circular polarisation gap according to claim 1 traveling-wave array antenna, which is characterized in that
The width of the feeding microstrip line (13) is in ladder transition.
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| CN111478033A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-31 | 云南大学 | Gear type gap conventional ISGW leaky-wave antenna array |
| CN112768914A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-07 | 中山大学 | 3X 4 broadband wave beam fixed array antenna |
| CN113206381A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-03 | 云南大学 | Circularly polarized leaky-wave antenna |
| CN114899612A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-12 | 南昌大学 | Circularly polarized airborne detection antenna based on double-row periodic arrangement |
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| CN114899612A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-12 | 南昌大学 | Circularly polarized airborne detection antenna based on double-row periodic arrangement |
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