CN111462700B - Active light-emitting display pixel circuit, display method and active light-emitting display - Google Patents
Active light-emitting display pixel circuit, display method and active light-emitting display Download PDFInfo
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- CN111462700B CN111462700B CN202010327261.XA CN202010327261A CN111462700B CN 111462700 B CN111462700 B CN 111462700B CN 202010327261 A CN202010327261 A CN 202010327261A CN 111462700 B CN111462700 B CN 111462700B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3266—Details of drivers for scan electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
Abstract
The invention discloses an active light-emitting display pixel circuit, which comprises a data input module, a capacitance module, a compensation module, a driving module, a light-emitting control module and a light-emitting element, wherein the data input module is connected with the capacitance module; the data input module uploads data of the data line to the capacitance module; the capacitance module stores the data signal and outputs a driving voltage to the driving module; the compensation module extracts threshold voltage information of the driving module and stores the threshold voltage information into the capacitance module; the light-emitting control module controls the on and off of the light-emitting element; the light emitting element emits light according to the driving signal output by the light emitting control module. The invention also discloses a display method of the active light-emitting display pixel circuit and an active light-emitting display comprising the active light-emitting display pixel circuit and the display method. The invention eliminates static power lines and pixel light-emitting control lines, effectively simplifies the peripheral drive circuit of the display panel, inhibits the leakage current of the pixel circuit in the initialization stage, and has the advantages of simplicity, practicability and high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric display, and particularly relates to an active light-emitting display pixel circuit, a display method and an active light-emitting display thereof.
Background
Active matrix active light emitting type display is considered as the mainstream display technology of the next generation mainly because of its high contrast ratio, fast response speed and good compatibility with flexible electronic systems. Organic Light Emitting Diode (AMOLED) and active matrix micro-scaleAn LED (AM- μ LED) display is two of the most representative active matrix type displays. In recent years, research and production practice show that a low-temperature multi-silicon thin film transistor (LTPS TFT) shows good electrical basic performance and long-time working stability for an active light-emitting display such as an AMOLED. LTPS TFTs have higher mobility and less drift in parameters such as mobility and threshold voltage than other types of TFTs. However, the LTPS TFT has a disadvantage in that a threshold voltage (V)TH) And non-uniformity of mobility (μ). Just because the electrical parameters are not uniformly distributed spatially, the backplane technology of LTPS TFTs is considered difficult to implement larger sized active light emitting displays. Therefore, it is important to detect and compensate for the unevenness in the TFT characteristics for the design of the display drive circuit. For large active-type light emitting displays, the voltage drop (IR drop) on the power supply line introduces additional pixel current variations due to the presence of metal line resistance. In addition, with the requirement of the current display panel for a narrow frame, the realization of the TFT gate driving circuit needs to be considered, so as to achieve the effects of collaborative design and realization of narrow-frame high-resolution display.
For active light emitting displays such as AMOLED, the compensation method of display driving can be divided into three methods: a voltage programming method, a current programming method, and an external compensation method. Among these methods, the current programming method requires a longer relaxation time (setting time) in the case of small current programming; the circuit structure of the external compensation method is too complex, and large hardware overhead is needed; therefore, the voltage programming method is the mainstream compensation technique at present. The voltage programming method mainly adopts a diode connection mode to extract the threshold voltage of the driving transistor through charging or discharging so as to compensate. Fig. 1 illustrates a typical active matrix emissive display compensation circuit configuration. The control electrode and the second electrode of the driving transistor are short-circuited in the compensation stage through the switching transistor, so that the power supply charges the control stage of the driving transistor until the voltage difference between the control stage of the driving transistor and the first stage is close to the threshold voltage of the driving transistor. In order to suppress the current flow through the light emitting element during the initialization phase and to extract the threshold voltage information during the compensation phase, additional TFTs and control signals are needed to control the light emitting branches. Therefore, the pixel circuit array generally requires a plurality of different types of scan signals, which makes both the pixel circuit and the external gate driving circuit complicated and disadvantageous for integration.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide an active light emitting display pixel circuit which can suppress a leakage current in an initialization stage of the pixel circuit, is simple and practical, and has high reliability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a display circuit of the active light emitting display pixel circuit.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an active light emitting display including the active light emitting type display pixel circuit and the display method.
The active light-emitting display pixel circuit provided by the invention comprises a data input module, a capacitance module, a compensation module, a driving module, a light-emitting control module and a light-emitting element; the input end of the data input module is connected with the data line and acquires a display data signal, the control end of the data input module is connected with the nth-level line scanning control signal line and the (n + 2) th-level line scanning control signal line, and the output end of the data input module is connected with the input end of the capacitor module; the output end of the capacitor module is simultaneously connected with the control end of the driving module and the output end of the compensation module; the input end of the driving module is connected with the n-1 level row scanning control signal line, and the output end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the light emitting control module; the control end of the compensation module is connected with the nth-level line scanning control signal line, and the input end of the compensation module is connected with the input end of the light emitting control module; the control end of the light-emitting control module is simultaneously connected with an n-1 th-level line scanning control signal line, an nth-level line scanning control signal line and an n +2 th-level line scanning control signal line, and the output end of the light-emitting control module is connected with a light-emitting element; the data input module is used for uploading data on the data line to the capacitance module; the capacitance module is used for storing data signals and outputting driving voltage to the driving module; the compensation module is used for extracting threshold voltage information of the driving module and storing the threshold voltage information to the capacitance module; the light emitting control module is used for controlling the on and off of the light emitting element; the light-emitting element is used for emitting light according to the driving signal output by the light-emitting control module.
The data input module comprises a third transistor and a fourth transistor; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor, and the compensation module comprises a second transistor; the driving module comprises a first transistor; the light-emitting control module comprises a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor and a seventh transistor; the first pole of the third transistor and the first pole of the fourth transistor are both data input ends and are both connected with a data line and acquire a display data signal; the second pole of the third transistor and the second pole of the fourth transistor are both data output ends and are connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the third transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; the control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line; one end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is a data input end and is connected with an n-1 th-level row scanning control signal line; the second pole of the first transistor is a data output end and is connected with the first pole of the fifth transistor; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; a first pole of the fifth transistor is a data input end, a second pole of the fifth transistor is a data output end and is connected with the light-emitting element, and a control end of the fifth transistor is connected with a second pole of the seventh transistor; the first pole of the seventh transistor is connected with the (n-1) th-level row scanning control signal line, and the control end of the seventh transistor is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line, the second pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the control end of the fifth transistor, and the control end of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line.
The active light-emitting display pixel circuit further comprises a reference voltage module; the control end of the data input module is connected with the n +2 th-level row scanning control signal line; the control end of the reference voltage module is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line, the input end of the reference voltage module is connected with the reference voltage signal, and the output end of the reference voltage module is connected with the input end of the capacitor module.
The data input module comprises a fourth transistor; the reference voltage module comprises a third transistor; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor and a second capacitor; the compensation module comprises a second transistor; the driving module comprises a first transistor; the light-emitting control module comprises a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor and a seventh transistor; the first electrodes of the fourth transistors are data input ends and are connected with the data lines and acquire display data signals; the second pole of the fourth transistor is a data output end and is connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the third transistor is connected with the reference voltage signal, the second pole of the third transistor is connected with the second pole of the fourth transistor, and the control end of the third transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; the second capacitor is connected in parallel with two ends of the active end of the third transistor; one end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is a data input end and is connected with an n-1 th-level row scanning control signal line; the second pole of the first transistor is a data output end and is connected with the first pole of the fifth transistor; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; a first pole of the fifth transistor is a data input end, a second pole of the fifth transistor is a data output end and is connected with the light-emitting element, and a control end of the fifth transistor is connected with a second pole of the seventh transistor; the first pole of the seventh transistor is connected with the (n-1) th-level row scanning control signal line, and the control end of the seventh transistor is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line, the second pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the control end of the fifth transistor, and the control end of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line.
The data input module comprises a fourth transistor; the reference voltage module comprises a third transistor; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor and a second capacitor; the compensation module comprises a second transistor; the driving module comprises a first transistor; the light-emitting control module comprises a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor and a seventh transistor; the first electrodes of the fourth transistors are data input ends and are connected with the data lines and acquire display data signals; the second pole of the fourth transistor is a data output end and is connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the third transistor is connected with the reference voltage signal, the second pole of the third transistor is connected with the second pole of the fourth transistor, and the control end of the third transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-stage row scanning control signal line; the second capacitor is connected in parallel with two ends of the active end of the third transistor; one end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is a data input end and is connected with an n-1 th-level row scanning control signal line; the second pole of the first transistor is a data output end and is connected with the first pole of the fifth transistor; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; a first pole of the fifth transistor is a data input end, a second pole of the fifth transistor is a data output end and is connected with the light-emitting element, and a control end of the fifth transistor is connected with a second pole of the seventh transistor; the first pole of the seventh transistor is connected with the (n-1) th-level row scanning control signal line, and the control end of the seventh transistor is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line, the second pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the control end of the fifth transistor, and the control end of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line.
A display method of the active light-emitting display pixel circuit comprises the following steps:
s1, an initialization stage: initializing the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s2, compensation stage: compensating the electric signal of the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s3, data writing stage: reading data information on the data lines and storing the data information in the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s4, a light-emitting stage: and driving the light emitting element to emit light, thereby completing the display of the active light emitting type display array circuit.
The invention discloses an active light-emitting display, which comprises the active light-emitting display pixel circuit and the display method; and the active type light emitting display is mainly a display of a large-sized display screen, such as an AM-OLED, AM-muled, or AM-QLED large-sized display.
The active light-emitting display pixel circuit, the display method and the active light-emitting display provided by the invention do not need a global power line V from the display arrayDDAnd the line-by-line scanning or global pixel light-emitting control line, therefore, the number of lines in the pixel array and the connection relation are simpler; for the peripheral driving circuit, the circuit modules or structures for generating the light-emitting control lines are simplified, and the pixel of the display array and the peripheral driving circuit structure thereof can be effectively simplified; through the combined control of the multi-channel scanning control signals, the leakage current of the pixel circuit in the initialization stage is inhibited, so that the contrast of the circuit is higher; finally, the invention is simple and practical, has high reliability and good compensation effect, and the performance of the circuit still keeps higher level even if the characteristics of the device have certain drift or dispersion; this is favorable to promoting the production yield of display.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a pixel circuit of an active matrix display of the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an active light emitting display pixel circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first embodiment of an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of an active light emitting display pixel circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a second embodiment of an active light emitting display pixel circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a timing diagram of a second embodiment of an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second example of a transient response of a controller voltage at different threshold voltages for an active light emitting display pixel circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third embodiment of an active light emitting display pixel circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a timing diagram of a third embodiment of an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method of a display method according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic circuit block diagram of an active light emitting display according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a timing diagram of the active matrix light emitting display according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a first embodiment of an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to the present invention: the active light-emitting display pixel circuit provided by the invention comprises a data input module, a capacitance module, a compensation module, a driving module, a light-emitting control module and a light-emitting element; the input end of the data input module is connected with the data line and acquires a display data signal, the control end of the data input module is connected with the nth-level line scanning control signal line and the (n + 2) th-level line scanning control signal line, and the output end of the data input module is connected with the input end of the capacitor module; the output end of the capacitor module is simultaneously connected with the control end of the driving module and the output end of the compensation module; the input end of the driving module is connected with the n-1 level row scanning control signal line, and the output end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the light emitting control module; the control end of the compensation module is connected with the nth-level line scanning control signal line, and the input end of the compensation module is connected with the input end of the light emitting control module; the control end of the light-emitting control module is simultaneously connected with an n-1 th-level line scanning control signal line, an nth-level line scanning control signal line and an n +2 th-level line scanning control signal line, and the output end of the light-emitting control module is connected with a light-emitting element; the data input module is used for uploading data on the data line to the capacitance module; the capacitance module is used for storing data signals and outputting driving voltage to the driving module; the compensation module is used for extracting threshold voltage information of the driving module and storing the threshold voltage information to the capacitance module; the light emitting control module is used for controlling the on and off of the light emitting element; the light-emitting element is used for emitting light according to the driving signal output by the light-emitting control module. The light emitting element in the present invention may be an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED), a micro LED (μ LED), a perovskite light emitting diode, or the like.
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first embodiment of an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to the present invention: the data input module includes a third transistor P3 and a fourth transistor P4; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor C1; the compensation module comprises a second transistor P2; the driving module P1 comprises a first transistor; the light emitting control module includes a fifth transistor P5, a sixth transistor P6, and a seventh transistor P7; the first pole of the third transistor and the first pole of the fourth transistor are both data input ends and are both connected with a data line and acquire a display data signal; the second pole of the third transistor and the second pole of the fourth transistor are both data output ends and are connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the third transistor is connected with the nth row scanning control signal line (V)SCAN[n]) (ii) a The control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-stage row scanning control signal line (V)SCAN[n+2]) (ii) a One end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is connected with the data input end and the n-1 th level row scanning control signal line (V)SCAN[n-1]) (ii) a The second pole of the first transistor is the data output end and is connected with the fifth crystalA first pole of the body tube; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; a first pole of the fifth transistor is a data input end, a second pole of the fifth transistor is a data output end and is connected with the light-emitting element, and a control end of the fifth transistor is connected with a second pole of the seventh transistor; the first pole of the seventh transistor is connected with the (n-1) th-level row scanning control signal line, and the control end of the seventh transistor is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line, the second pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the control end of the fifth transistor, and the control end of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line.
Wherein, the transistor (including all transistors) all includes the tripolar, is control end, first utmost point and second utmost point respectively: the voltage level (level is high or low) of the control terminal is controlled, so that the conduction and the disconnection between the first pole and the second pole of the transistor are controlled;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an operation timing sequence of an active light emitting display pixel circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention: the working process can be divided into four stages, namely: initializing, detecting, writing data and emitting light;
initialization phase, line scan control signal VSCAN[n-1]And VSCAN[n]Are all at a low level, and thus the second transistor P2, the third transistor P3 and the seventh transistor P7 are turned on, and the control voltage of the fifth transistor P5 is pulled down to a low level, so that the fifth transistor P5 is turned on to reset the second pole of the first transistor P1 to a relatively low level, i.e., lower than the turn-on voltage of the light emitting element; in addition, the control electrode and the second electrode of the first transistor P1 are connected through the second transistor P2, so the control voltage of the first transistor P1 is also discharged through the fifth transistor P5, and the first electrode of the first capacitor C1 is fixed at the reference voltage V through the third transistor P3REF. This initialization procedure causes the control of the first transistor P1 in each pixel circuit before the actual writing of the data signal in the pixel circuitReturn of the system voltage to a lower potential VL+|VTHThis may effectively suppress the electrical hysteresis effect of the first transistor P1. The so-called electric hysteresis effect, also known as electric memory effect, is the output current IDSAnd an input gate-source voltage VGSIs due to VGSThe scan order of (c) has a relationship: when V isGSWhen the function is gradually increased from a smaller value, the function relation is IDS＝f1(VGS) (ii) a When V isGSWhen gradually reduced from a larger value, the functional relationship is changed to IDS＝f2(VGS)。
A detection stage for detecting the line scanning control signal V following the n-1 th stageSCAN[n-1]Switching to high level, the fifth transistor P5 is turned off, the gate and the second pole of the first transistor P1 are gradually charged until the voltage difference between the gate and the first pole of the first transistor P1 is the threshold voltage V1 of the first transistor P1TH(ii) a At the end of the detection phase, the voltage at the control terminal of the first transistor P1 approaches the first voltage minus | VTHI, the first voltage is the high level V of the line scanning signalH(ii) a Since the first transistor P1 operates in the saturation region, the transient response of the gate voltage of the first transistor P1 can be expressed as:
in the formula CP1_GSThe capacitance between the control electrode and the first electrode of the first transistor P1; cP2_GDThe capacitance between the control electrode and the second electrode of the first transistor P1; μ is the effective field effect mobility; cOXIs a unit area gate dielectric layer capacitor;
is the channel width-to-length ratio of the first transistor P1; assuming that the second pole initial voltage of the second transistor is V0Can obtain VG：
Wherein t is0And t is the start time and end time of the charging process, respectively; the ideal compensation mechanism may be influenced by the threshold voltage V of the first transistor P1THAnd a signal line high level V as a power supply lineHThe influence of the detection accuracy of (2); from the above formula, V can be seenTHAnd VHThe detection accuracy of (2) is related to the charging time; as the detection time becomes longer, the error term becomes smaller, and therefore, in order to improve the detection accuracy, the detection time can be extended.
A data writing stage: line scanning control signal VSCAN[n-1]And VSCAN[n]At a high level, VSCAN[n+2]Low, so the fourth transistor P4 and the sixth transistor P6 are turned on, and the second transistor P2, the third transistor P3 and the seventh transistor P7 are turned off; data voltage VDATATo the first electrode of the first capacitor C1 through the fourth transistor P4; due to the bootstrap effect, and the capacitor C between the control electrode and the second electrode of the first transistor P1 is switched on again because the second transistor P2 is turned offP1_GDThus, at this stage, the first transistor control voltage may be expressed as:
due to CP1_GD，CP1_GSAnd CP2_GDSpecific capacitance CTHMuch smaller, therefore, the above equation can be simplified to:
VG'＝VG+VDATA-VREF
a light emitting stage: finally, in the light emitting phase, the driving module supplies a current to the light emitting element, which can be expressed as:
thus, IOLEDIs given by a reference voltage VREFAnd a data voltage VDATADecision, almost independent of threshold voltage and supply voltage; in addition to this, the present invention is,since the third term in parentheses becomes smaller as the mobility becomes larger in the above equation, the circuit can compensate for the current dispersion problem in the display pixel array caused by the non-uniformity of the field-effect mobility of the transistor in the emission stage.
The present embodiment is based on the voltage programming method, and the pixel circuit can compensate the threshold voltage of the driving transistor and the IR drop effect on the longer power line at the same time because the value of the output current of the pixel circuit is independent of the threshold voltage of the driving transistor or the value of the voltage VDD of the power line. In the initialization stage, since the n-1 th stage row scan control signal as the power supply line is at a low level at this time, a leakage current is suppressed from flowing through the light emitting element, which can improve the contrast of the display panel.
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a second embodiment of an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to the present invention: the active light-emitting display pixel circuit provided by the invention comprises a data input module, a reference voltage module, a capacitor module, a compensation module, a driving module, a light-emitting control module and a light-emitting element; the input end of the data input module is connected with the data line and acquires a display data signal, the control end of the data input module is connected with the nth-level line scanning control signal line and the (n + 2) th-level line scanning control signal line, and the output end of the data input module is connected with the input end of the capacitor module; the output end of the capacitor module is simultaneously connected with the control end of the driving module and the output end of the compensation module; the input end of the driving module is connected with the n-1 level row scanning control signal line, and the output end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the light emitting control module; the control end of the compensation module is connected with the nth-level line scanning control signal line, and the input end of the compensation module is connected with the input end of the light emitting control module; the control end of the light-emitting control module is simultaneously connected with an n-1 th-level line scanning control signal line, an nth-level line scanning control signal line and an n +2 th-level line scanning control signal line, and the output end of the light-emitting control module is connected with a light-emitting element; the data input module is used for uploading data on the data line to the capacitance module; the capacitance module is used for storing data signals and outputting driving voltage to the driving module; the compensation module is used for extracting threshold voltage information of the driving module and storing the threshold voltage information to the capacitance module; the light emitting control module is used for controlling the on and off of the light emitting element; the light-emitting element is used for emitting light according to the driving signal output by the light-emitting control module; the control end of the data input module is connected with the n +2 th-level row scanning control signal line; the control end of the reference voltage module is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line, the input end of the reference voltage module is connected with the reference voltage signal, and the output end of the reference voltage module is connected with the input end of the capacitor module.
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to the present invention:
the data input module comprises a fourth transistor P4; the reference voltage module comprises a third transistor P3; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2; the compensation module comprises a second transistor P2; the driving module comprises a first transistor P1; the light emitting control module includes a fifth transistor P5, a sixth transistor P6, and a seventh transistor P7; the first electrodes of the fourth transistors are data input ends and are connected with the data lines and acquire display data signals; the second pole of the fourth transistor is a data output end and is connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-stage row scanning control signal line (V)SCAN[n+2]) (ii) a A first pole of the third transistor is connected with the reference voltage signal, a second pole of the third transistor is connected with a second pole of the fourth transistor, and a control end of the third transistor is connected with the nth row scanning control signal line (V)SCAN[n]) (ii) a The second capacitor is connected in parallel with two ends of the active end of the third transistor; one end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is a data input end and is connected with an n-1 th-level row scanning control signal line; the second pole of the first transistor is a data output end and is connected with the first pole of the fifth transistor; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; a first pole of the fifth transistor is a data input terminal, and a second pole of the fifth transistor isThe control end of the fifth transistor is connected with the second pole of the seventh transistor; the first pole of the seventh transistor is connected with the (n-1) th-stage row scanning control signal line (V)SCAN[n-1]) The control end of the seventh transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line, the second pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the control end of the fifth transistor, and the control end of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the operation timing of a second embodiment of the active light-emitting display pixel circuit of the present invention, and the timing is the same as that of FIG. 4:
initialization phase, line scan control signal VSCAN[n-1]And VSCAN[n]Are all at a low level, and thus the second transistor P2, the third transistor P3 and the seventh transistor P7 are turned on, and the control voltage of the fifth transistor P5 is pulled down to a low level, so that the fifth transistor P5 is turned on to reset the second pole of the first transistor P1 to a relatively low level, i.e., lower than the turn-on voltage of the light emitting element; in addition, the control electrode and the second electrode of the first transistor P1 are connected through the second transistor P2, so the control voltage of the first transistor P1 is also discharged through the fifth transistor P5, and the first electrode of the first capacitor C1 is fixed at the reference voltage V through the third transistor P3REF(ii) a By initializing the control voltage of the first transistor P1, the electrical hysteresis effect can be effectively suppressed before the data signal is written.
A detection stage for detecting the line scanning control signal V following the n-1 th stageSCAN[n-1]Switching to high level, the fifth transistor P5 is turned off, the gate and the second pole of the first transistor P1 are gradually charged until the voltage difference between the gate and the first pole of the first transistor P1 is the threshold voltage V1 of the first transistor P1TH(ii) a At the end of the detection phase, the voltage at the control terminal of the first transistor P1 approaches the first voltage minus | VTHI, the first voltage is the high level V of the line scanning signalH(ii) a Since the first transistor P1 operates in the saturation region, the transient response of the gate voltage of the first transistor P1 can be expressed as:
in the formula CP1_GSThe capacitance between the control electrode and the first electrode of the first transistor P1; cP2_GDThe capacitance between the control electrode and the second electrode of the first transistor P1; μ is the effective field effect mobility; cOXIs a unit area gate dielectric layer capacitor;
is the channel width-to-length ratio of the first transistor P1; assuming that the second pole initial voltage of the second transistor is V0Can obtain VG：
Wherein t is0And t is the start time and end time of the charging process, respectively; the ideal compensation mechanism may be influenced by the threshold voltage V of the first transistor P1THAnd a signal line high level V as a power supply lineHThe influence of the detection accuracy of (2); from the above formula, V can be seenTHAnd VHThe detection accuracy of (2) is related to the charging time; as the detection time becomes longer, the error term becomes smaller, and therefore, in order to improve the detection accuracy, the detection time can be extended; fig. 8 shows transient corresponding graphs of the gate voltage under different threshold voltages, and when the threshold voltage changes, the gate voltage also changes with the threshold voltage after the detection phase, which shows that the pixel circuit can successfully extract the threshold voltage information for compensation.
A data writing stage: line scanning control signal VSCAN[n-1]And VSCAN[n]At a high level, VSCAN[n+2]Low, so the fourth transistor P4 and the sixth transistor P6 are turned on, and the second transistor P2, the third transistor P3 and the seventh transistor P7 are turned off; data voltage VDATATo the first electrode of the first capacitor C1 through the fourth transistor P4; due to the bootstrap effect, and due to the second transistor P2 being offA capacitor C closed to switch on the control electrode and the second electrode of the first transistor P1P1_GDThus, at this stage, the first transistor control voltage may be expressed as:
due to CP1_GD，CP1_GSAnd CP2_GDSpecific capacitor CTHMuch smaller, therefore, the above equation can be simplified to:
VG'＝VG+VDATA-VREF
a light emitting stage: finally, in the light emitting phase, the driving module supplies a current to the light emitting element, which can be expressed as:
thus, IOLEDFrom VREFAnd VDATADecision, almost independent of threshold voltage and supply voltage; further, since the third term in parentheses becomes smaller as the mobility becomes larger in the above equation, the circuit can compensate for the mobility unevenness in the emission stage.
Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third embodiment of an active light-emitting display pixel circuit according to the present invention: the data input module comprises a fourth transistor P4; the reference voltage module comprises a third transistor P3; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2; the compensation module comprises a second transistor P2; the driving module comprises a first transistor P1; the light emitting control module includes a fifth transistor P5, a sixth transistor P6, and a seventh transistor P7; the first electrodes of the fourth transistors are data input ends and are connected with the data lines and acquire display data signals; the second pole of the fourth transistor is a data output end and is connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the third transistor is connected with the reference voltage signal, the second pole of the third transistor is connected with the second pole of the fourth transistor, and the control end of the third transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-stage row scanning control signal line; the second capacitor is connected in parallel with two ends of the active end of the third transistor; one end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is a data input end and is connected with an n-1 th-level row scanning control signal line; the second pole of the first transistor is a data output end and is connected with the first pole of the fifth transistor; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; a first pole of the fifth transistor is a data input end, a second pole of the fifth transistor is a data output end and is connected with the light-emitting element, and a control end of the fifth transistor is connected with a second pole of the seventh transistor; the first pole of the seventh transistor is connected with the (n-1) th-level row scanning control signal line, and the control end of the seventh transistor is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line, the second pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the control end of the fifth transistor, and the control end of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an operation timing sequence of a third active light-emitting display pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention: the method specifically comprises the following stages of initialization, detection and luminescence:
an initialization stage: line scanning control signal VSCAN[n-1]And VSCAN[n]Are all at a low level, and thus the second transistor P2, the fourth transistor P4, and the seventh transistor P7 are turned on; then, the gate voltage of the fifth transistor P5 is pulled down, so that the fifth transistor P5 is turned on to reset the second pole and the gate of the first transistor P1 to a relatively low voltage level, i.e., lower than the turn-on voltage of the light emitting element; in addition, the data voltage VDATATo the first pole of the first capacitor C1 via the fourth transistor P4.
A detection stage: with line scanning control signal VSCAN[n-1]Switching to high electricityIn parallel, the fifth transistor P5 is turned off, and the gate and the second pole of the first transistor P1 are gradually charged until the voltage difference between the gate and the first pole of the first transistor P1 is the threshold voltage V of the first transistor P1TH(ii) a At the end of the detection phase, the voltage at the control terminal of the first transistor P1 is VH-|VTH|，VHFor scanning the control signal V for the n-1 th stage lineSCAN[n-1]High level of (d);
a light emitting stage: line scanning control signal VSCAN[n-1]And VSCAN[n]At a high level, VSCAN[n+2]Low, so the fourth transistor P4 and the sixth transistor P6 are turned on, and the second transistor P2, the third transistor P3 and the seventh transistor P7 are turned off; reference voltage VDATATo the first electrode of the first capacitor through a fourth transistor P4; due to the bootstrap effect, the first transistor control voltage can be expressed as: vG＝VREF-VDATA+VH-|VTH|；
Finally, in the light emitting phase, the driving module supplies a current to the light emitting element, which can be expressed as:
thus, IOLEDFrom VREFAnd VDATADecision, independent of other factors.
In the present embodiment, the first node A is coupled to a reference potential VREFAccordingly, the charge leakage existing in the fourth transistor P4 is suppressed, the potential of the control terminal of the first transistor P1 can be kept stable during the light emitting period, and the corresponding current flowing through the light emitting element can be kept stable, thereby improving the uniformity of the whole panel; it should be noted that the main function of the second capacitor C2 is to maintain the voltage at the node a, thereby improving the compensation accuracy, so that the second pole of the second capacitor C1 can be connected to the reference voltage VREFThe first pole of the second capacitor C2 may be connected to the first node a or the second node B.
FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a method of the display method of the present invention: the display method of the active light-emitting display pixel circuit comprises the following steps:
s1, an initialization stage: initializing the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s2, compensation stage: compensating the electric signal of the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s3, data writing stage: reading data information on the data lines and storing the data information in the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s4, a light-emitting stage: and driving the light emitting element to emit light, thereby completing the display of the active light emitting type display array circuit.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a circuit module of an active light emitting display according to the present invention: the display includes a panel, a gate driving circuit and a data driving circuit.
The panel comprises N rows and M columns of pixel points of OLED, mu LED or QLED, a plurality of row scanning lines along a first direction and a plurality of data lines along a second direction, wherein the plurality of row scanning lines and the plurality of data lines are connected with a plurality of pixel point circuits, and N and M are integers more than 1; the pixel units in the pixel matrix are connected with a grid drive circuit through row scanning control signal lines, and the pixel units in the pixel matrix are connected with a data drive circuit through data signal lines; all pixels in the pixel matrix share a common electrode line VSS(ii) a Pixel in the figure is any active light-emitting display Pixel circuit;
the grid driving circuit generates a line scanning control signal along a first direction, and controls corresponding pixel units to realize line-by-line scanning through different line scanning control signal lines; FIG. 13 is a corresponding timing diagram
And the data driving circuit is used for generating data voltage signals representing different gray scales and transmitting the data voltage signals to corresponding pixel units through data lines of different columns to realize different image gray scales.
Claims (7)
1. An active light-emitting display pixel circuit is characterized by comprising a data input module, a capacitance module, a compensation module, a driving module, a light-emitting control module and a light-emitting element; the input end of the data input module is connected with the data line and acquires a display data signal, the control end of the data input module is connected with the nth-level line scanning control signal line and the (n + 2) th-level line scanning control signal line, and the output end of the data input module is connected with the input end of the capacitor module; the output end of the capacitor module is simultaneously connected with the control end of the driving module and the output end of the compensation module; the input end of the driving module is connected with the n-1 level row scanning control signal line, and the output end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the light emitting control module; the control end of the compensation module is connected with the nth-level line scanning control signal line, and the input end of the compensation module is connected with the input end of the light emitting control module; the light-emitting control module comprises a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor and a seventh transistor; a first pole of the fifth transistor is a data input end, a second pole of the fifth transistor is a data output end and is connected with the light-emitting element, and a control end of the fifth transistor is connected with a second pole of the seventh transistor; the first pole of the seventh transistor is connected with the (n-1) th-level row scanning control signal line, and the control end of the seventh transistor is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line; a first pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line, a second pole of the sixth transistor is connected with the control end of the fifth transistor, and the control end of the sixth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line; the data input module is used for uploading data on the data line to the capacitance module; the capacitance module is used for storing data signals and outputting driving voltage to the driving module; the compensation module is used for extracting threshold voltage information of the driving module and storing the threshold voltage information to the capacitance module; the light emitting control module is used for controlling the on and off of the light emitting element; the light-emitting element is used for emitting light according to the driving signal output by the light-emitting control module.
2. The active matrix type display pixel circuit of claim 1, wherein the data input block comprises a third transistor and a fourth transistor; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor, and the compensation module comprises a second transistor; the driving module comprises a first transistor; the first pole of the third transistor and the first pole of the fourth transistor are both data input ends and are both connected with a data line and acquire a display data signal; the second pole of the third transistor and the second pole of the fourth transistor are both data output ends and are connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the third transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; the control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line; one end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is a data input end and is connected with an n-1 th-level row scanning control signal line; the second pole of the first transistor is a data output end and is connected with the first pole of the fifth transistor; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line.
3. The active light emitting display pixel circuit of claim 1, further comprising a reference voltage module; the control end of the data input module is connected with the n +2 th-level row scanning control signal line; the control end of the reference voltage module is connected with the nth-level row scanning control signal line, the input end of the reference voltage module is connected with the reference voltage signal, and the output end of the reference voltage module is connected with the input end of the capacitor module.
4. The active matrix type display pixel circuit of claim 3, wherein the data input block comprises a fourth transistor; the reference voltage module comprises a third transistor; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor and a second capacitor; the compensation module comprises a second transistor; the driving module comprises a first transistor; the first electrodes of the fourth transistors are data input ends and are connected with the data lines and acquire display data signals; the second pole of the fourth transistor is a data output end and is connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-level row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the third transistor is connected with the reference voltage signal, the second pole of the third transistor is connected with the second pole of the fourth transistor, and the control end of the third transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; the second capacitor is connected in parallel with two ends of the active end of the third transistor; one end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is a data input end and is connected with an n-1 th-level row scanning control signal line; the second pole of the first transistor is a data output end and is connected with the first pole of the fifth transistor; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line.
5. The active matrix type display pixel circuit of claim 3, wherein the data input block comprises a fourth transistor; the reference voltage module comprises a third transistor; the capacitance module comprises a first capacitor and a second capacitor; the compensation module comprises a second transistor; the driving module comprises a first transistor; the first electrodes of the fourth transistors are data input ends and are connected with the data lines and acquire display data signals; the second pole of the fourth transistor is a data output end and is connected with one end of the first capacitor; the control end of the fourth transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line; the first pole of the third transistor is connected with the reference voltage signal, the second pole of the third transistor is connected with the second pole of the fourth transistor, and the control end of the third transistor is connected with the (n + 2) th-stage row scanning control signal line; the second capacitor is connected in parallel with two ends of the active end of the third transistor; one end of the first capacitor is a data input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is a data output end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor; the first electrode of the first transistor is a data input end and is connected with an n-1 th-level row scanning control signal line; the second pole of the first transistor is a data output end and is connected with the first pole of the fifth transistor; the first pole of the second transistor is a data input end and is connected with the control end of the first transistor, the second pole of the second transistor is a data output end and is connected with the second pole of the first transistor, and the control end of the second transistor is connected with the nth-stage row scanning control signal line.
6. A method for displaying an active-matrix display pixel circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, initialization phase: initializing the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s2, compensation phase: compensating the electric signal of the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s3, data writing phase: reading data information on the data lines and storing the data information in the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s4, light emitting stage: and driving the light emitting element to emit light, thereby completing the display of the active light emitting type display array circuit.
7. An active light emitting display comprising the active light emitting display pixel circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5; the display method of the active light-emitting display pixel circuit comprises the following steps:
s1, initialization phase: initializing the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s2, compensation phase: compensating the electric signal of the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s3, data writing phase: reading data information on the data lines and storing the data information in the active light-emitting display array circuit;
s4, light emitting stage: and driving the light emitting element to emit light, thereby completing the display of the active light emitting type display array circuit.
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