CN1114581C - Non-TNT nitramon explosive for coal mine - Google Patents
Non-TNT nitramon explosive for coal mine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1114581C CN1114581C CN 99113308 CN99113308A CN1114581C CN 1114581 C CN1114581 C CN 1114581C CN 99113308 CN99113308 CN 99113308 CN 99113308 A CN99113308 A CN 99113308A CN 1114581 C CN1114581 C CN 1114581C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- nitramon
- coal mine
- ladder
- less coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/285—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with fuel oil, e.g. ANFO-compositions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a non-TNT ammonium nitrate explosive for coal mines, which comprises 75 to 85% of ammonium nitrate, 4 to 6% of wood powder, 10 to 15% of flame cooling agent, 1.0 to 5.0% of fuel oil and 0 to 1.0% of additive, wherein the fuel oil is concoction of vacuum gas oil, pressure reducing cerate and dewaxed oil manufactured in the process of petroleum processing. The non-TNT ammonium nitrate explosive for coal mines of the present invention has the advantages of free of TNT, excellent explosion performance, low generating amount of toxic gas, long storage time and low cost.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine.
Powder ammonium nitrate explosive mainly contains rock powdery ammoniumnitrate explosives and colliery powder ammonium nitrate explosive two big classes by the purposes branch.Existing colliery powder ammonium nitrate explosive mostly is old prescription explosive, and there is following problem in this class explosive, and (1) such explosive TNT content is higher, is generally 9-12%.TNT toxicity is bigger, both is detrimental to health in manufacturing and the use, again contaminate environment.(2) the TNT price is higher, has increased the explosive cost.(3) easy moisture absorption of explosive and caking influence explosion properties, even lose efficacy.
By adopting compound oil phase material partly or entirely to substitute TNT, the pollution problem that solves TNT substantially after compound oil phase material evenly is coated on ammonium nitrate surface simultaneously, had improved the shortcoming of easy moisture absorption of powder ammonium nitrate explosive and caking in recent years.Make the blast performance and the stability in storage of powder ammonium nitrate explosive that bigger improvement be arranged.CN94113021.5 proposes a kind of water-proof explosive without TNT for coal mine, ammonium nitrate 80.1-82%, wood powder 5.1-6%, salt 10-30%, rosin 0.9-2%, paraffin 0.4-1%, diesel oil 0.5-2%.CN 95112436.6 discloses a kind of powder ammonium nitrate explosive and manufacturing process thereof that contains stablizer, can be used as permissible explosives for coal mines when containing flame-cooling agent sodium-chlor in the prescription.This explosive consists of ammonium nitrate 65-98%, ammonium nitrate stabilizer 0.05%-0.50%, composite fuel oil 1.0-8.0%, flammable raising agent 2.0-8.0%, TNT0-5.0%, flame-cooling agent sodium-chlor 0-20.0%.Wherein composite fuel oil is that the oil soluble surfactant that adds the 0.01-1.0% that accounts for the oil phase gross weight in one or more oil fuel mixes.These oil fuel comprise that vegetables oil has rape oil, tea oil, oleum lini, plam oil; Animal oil has lard and butter; Mineral oil has paraffin, heavy oil, Vaseline, pitch; The polymer combustiblematerials has methyl to contain oxygen silicone oil, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.Vegetable and animals oils and polymer combustiblematerials cost an arm and a leg in the oil fuel component that these patents propose, and will significantly improve explosive degree cost; Mineral oil such as paraffin, Microcrystalline Wax, Vaseline, machine oil be in the petroleum refining process waxy distillate fraction through separate, refining multiple working procedure processes, be in harmonious proportion again during use and cause unnecessary waste, and increased the explosive cost.The diesel oil flash-point is lower, and the explosive production security can not fully ensure.
The object of the invention is rationally to utilize refinery's resource, avoids wax/separating of oil refining unnecessary technology of blending again, and a kind of nitramon explosive for coal mine of cost lower performance excellence is provided.
It consists of (in nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine weight) nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of the present invention:
Ammonium nitrate 75-85%
Wood powder 4-6%
Oil fuel 1.0-5.0%
Flame-cooling agent 10-15%
Additive 0-1.0%.
Oil fuel component of the present invention is to be that the basic material modulation forms with the vacuum distillate of producing in the petroleum refining process, decompression slack wax and pressed oil, and prescription consists of (in oil fuel weight):
Vacuum distillate 10-30%
Decompression slack wax 50-90%
Pressed oil 0-20%.
Wherein vacuum distillate is first vacuum side stream, second line of distillation oil, subtracts third fractional oil, subtracts one or more mixtures of four lines oil.The decompression slack wax is the second line of distillation slack wax, subtracts three-way slack wax, subtracts four one or more mixtures of line slack wax.Pressed oil is vacuum distillate or decompression slack wax produce petroleum wax through press for extracting juice wax sweating or solvent deoiling dewaxing ox by-product oil.
The oil fuel of nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of the present invention also can contain natural resin or the synthetic resins of 0-4w%.Comprise Gum Rosin and derivative thereof, terpine resin, resol, aliphatic petroleum resin, aromatic petroleum resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin.
The additive that the present invention adopts is SP-40, SP-60, SP-80, M-201, ethylene glycol monostearate, stearic acid, stearate, Yelkin TTS, concentrated phosphatide, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether, Yatall MA acid amides, sodium laurylsulfonate, C
12-C
18Fatty acid amide, C
12-C
18One or more mixture such as fat alkylamine.
Flame-cooling agent of the present invention is sodium-chlor and Repone K.
Nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of the present invention, advantage is rationally to utilize refinery's resource, with lower-cost oil middle runnings is the oil fuel component, abandoned the traditional technology of concocting again behind oil/wax separation and purification, thereby avoided middle unnecessary human and material resources, energy dissipation, thereby reduced the nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine cost.Compare with existing nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine, nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine cost of the present invention reduces 60-100 unit/ton approximately.It is refining that oil fuel component of the present invention is not carried out desulfurization, denitrogenation, deoxidation, demetalization etc., so the oil fuel component sulphur that the present invention adopts, nitrogen, oxygen, metal, aromatic hydrocarbons equal size are than petroleum refinement product height such as paraffin, ceresine, machine oil, increased the polarity of oil fuel to a certain extent, ammonium nitrate surface can be higher, be the stronger inorganics of polarity, the affinity of oil fuel and ammonium nitrate is better in the nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of the present invention, has improved the water resisting property of explosive, has prolonged the shelf lives of explosive.
Specify the present invention below by embodiment.
No. 3 collieries an-tnt explosive national standard (GB121437-90) are: the induced detonation 〉=quick-fried power of 20mm explosion velocity 〉=2600m/s brisance 〉=10mm 〉=240ml toxic gas ≯ 80l/Kg.
Carry out explosive preparation test by general nitramon explosive for coal mine processing condition, its prescription and performance see the following form, and by data in the table as can be seen, nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of the present invention has excellent blast performance and long shelf lives, and the poison gas generation is lower.
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | |
| Ammonium nitrate | 75 | 77 | 80 | 84 |
| Sodium-chlor | 15 | 13 | 12 | 10 |
| Wood powder | 6 | 4.5 | 5 | 4 |
| First vacuum side stream | 0 | 0 | 0.25 | 0 |
| Second line of distillation oil | 0.45 | 0 | 0.45 | 0 |
| Subtract third fractional oil | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.3 |
| Subtract four line oil | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Subtract two slack waxs | 0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0.5 |
| Subtract three slack waxs | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 |
| Subtract four slack waxs | 1.2 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 0.6 |
| Pressed oil | 0.15 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
| Gum Rosin | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 |
| SP-80 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| SP-60 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Stearic acid | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Stearylamine | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Stearic amide | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
| Induced detonation (mm) | 50 | 50 | 40 | 50 |
| Explosion velocity (m/s) | 3200 | 3400 | 3300 | 3300 |
| Brisance (mm) | 12 | 13 | 12.5 | 12.5 |
| Quick-fried power (ml) | 280 | 300 | 290 | 300 |
| Toxic gas (l/Kg) | 50 | 45 | 55 | 50 |
| Shelf lives (moon) | ＞6 | ＞7 | ＞6 | ＞6 |
Claims (9)
1. nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine, its composition is counted with nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine weight:
Ammonium nitrate 75-85%
Wood powder 4-6%
Oil fuel 1.0-5.0%
Flame-cooling agent 10-15%
Additive 0-1.0%
Wherein oil fuel is that the basic material modulation forms with vacuum distillate, decompression slack wax and the pressed oil of producing in the petroleum refining process.
2. by the described nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of claim 1, it is characterized in that said oil fuel is formed to count with oil fuel weight:
Vacuum distillate 10-30%
Decompression slack wax 50-90%
Pressed oil 0-20%.
3. by the described nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of claim 1, it is characterized in that said flame-cooling agent is sodium-chlor and Repone K.
4. by the described nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of claim 1, it is characterized in that said additive is SP-40, SP-60, SP-80, M-201, ethylene glycol monostearate, stearic acid, stearate, Yelkin TTS, concentrated phosphatide, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether, Yatall MA acid amides, sodium laurylsulfonate, C
12-C
18Fatty acid amide, C
12-C
18One or more mixture in the fat alkylamine.
5. according to the described nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of claim 2, it is characterized in that said vacuum distillate is first vacuum side stream, second line of distillation oil, subtracts third fractional oil, subtracts one or more mixtures in the four line oil.
6. according to the described nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of claim 2, it is characterized in that said decompression slack wax is the second line of distillation slack wax, subtracts three-way slack wax, subtracts one or more mixtures in the four line slack waxs.
7. according to the described nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of claim 2, it is characterized in that said pressed oil is vacuum distillate or decompression slack wax are produced petroleum wax through press for extracting juice wax sweating or solvent deoiling dewaxing by-product oil.
8. according to the described nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of claim 2, it is characterized in that also containing in the said oil fuel natural resin or the synthetic resins of 0-4w%.
9. according to the described nitramon used in ladder-less coal mine of claim 8, it is characterized in that said natural resin or synthetic resins comprise Gum Rosin and derivative thereof, terpine resin, resol, aliphatic petroleum resin, aromatic petroleum resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99113308 CN1114581C (en) | 1999-09-29 | 1999-09-29 | Non-TNT nitramon explosive for coal mine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99113308 CN1114581C (en) | 1999-09-29 | 1999-09-29 | Non-TNT nitramon explosive for coal mine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1289746A CN1289746A (en) | 2001-04-04 |
| CN1114581C true CN1114581C (en) | 2003-07-16 |
Family
ID=5276514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99113308 Expired - Lifetime CN1114581C (en) | 1999-09-29 | 1999-09-29 | Non-TNT nitramon explosive for coal mine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1114581C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003207373A1 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-09-09 | Mark Rodney Davis | Method of blasting coal |
| CN102351618B (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-09-11 | 湖南神斧集团一六九化工有限责任公司 | Water-resisting modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN105732240A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-07-06 | 雅化集团旺苍化工有限公司 | Emulsion explosive permissible in grade-three coal mine |
-
1999
- 1999-09-29 CN CN 99113308 patent/CN1114581C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1289746A (en) | 2001-04-04 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Granted publication date: 20030716 |