CN111456575B - Engineering vehicle door hinge and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
Engineering vehicle door hinge and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111456575B CN111456575B CN202010274031.1A CN202010274031A CN111456575B CN 111456575 B CN111456575 B CN 111456575B CN 202010274031 A CN202010274031 A CN 202010274031A CN 111456575 B CN111456575 B CN 111456575B
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- solenoid valve
- proportional solenoid
- movable sleeve
- gas
- temperature
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D3/00—Hinges with pins
- E05D3/02—Hinges with pins with one pin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
- E05D11/02—Lubricating arrangements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
- E05D5/10—Pins, sockets or sleeves; Removable pins
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
- E05D5/10—Pins, sockets or sleeves; Removable pins
- E05D2005/102—Pins
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/45—Manufacturing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/53—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles characterised by the type of wing
- E05Y2900/531—Doors
Abstract
The invention discloses an engineering vehicle door hinge and a manufacturing process thereof, which have the characteristics of reliable structural strength and good wear resistance, and the technical scheme is characterized by comprising a first hinge piece, a second hinge piece and a rotating shaft, wherein a first movable sleeve is arranged on one side of the first hinge piece, a second movable sleeve is arranged on one side of the second hinge piece, the first movable sleeve and the second movable sleeve are both arranged on the rotating shaft and are in rotating connection, an oil hole is formed in one end of the rotating shaft, an oil nozzle communicated with the oil hole is arranged on the rotating shaft, a plurality of strip-shaped oil grooves are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft, the oil grooves are annularly arranged at equal intervals, oil guide holes communicated with the oil hole are formed in the bottom of each oil groove, a sealing sleeve and a steel ring are arranged in each oil groove, the steel ring is arranged on the inner side of the sealing sleeve, and the.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hinges, and particularly relates to an engineering vehicle door hinge and a manufacturing process thereof.
Background
The hinge is an important connector of an engineering vehicle door, the hinge is usually composed of two hinge pieces and a rotating shaft, the hinge needs to be rotated frequently and needs to bear certain acting force, the hinge is easy to damage or is easy to open and hard and can make harsh sound, in the conventional hinge, the abrasion is reduced by a mode of arranging an oil groove on the surface of the rotating shaft and filling lubricant, but in practical use, the lubricant is easy to seep outwards, the use time is short, the hinge is not ideal, and the conventional hinge is usually formed by electric welding of iron sheets or formed by casting, so that the structural strength is insufficient, therefore, the hinge is formed by forging and is improved on the conventional forging process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an engineering vehicle door hinge and a manufacturing process thereof, and the engineering vehicle door hinge has the characteristics of reliable structural strength and good wear resistance.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides an engineering door hinge, includes first hinge piece, second hinge piece and axis of rotation, is equipped with first movable sleeve on one side of first hinge piece, is equipped with the second movable sleeve on one side of second hinge piece, and first movable sleeve and second movable sleeve are all installed in the axis of rotation and are realized rotating the connection, one of axis of rotation is served and is equipped with the oilhole, and is equipped with the glib talker with the oilhole intercommunication in the axis of rotation, is equipped with a plurality of bar structure's oil groove on the periphery wall of axis of rotation, and the oil groove is the hoop equidistance and arranges, and the oil groove bottom is equipped with the oil guide hole with the oilhole intercommunication, is equipped with seal cover and steel ring in the oil groove, and the steel ring.
The invention is further configured to: the outer end face of the sealing sleeve is also provided with an annular caulking groove, and a first sealing strip is arranged in the caulking groove.
The invention is further configured to: the sealing sleeve is made of rubber, and the height of the sealing sleeve is h1The height between the outer end surface of the steel sleeve and the outer end surface of the sealing sleeve is h2And h is2＝h1The height of the first sealing strip is h3And h is3＝h1/8。
The invention is further configured to: the first movable sleeve and the first hinge piece are of an integrally formed structure, the second movable sleeve and the second hinge piece are of an integrally formed structure, the number of the first movable sleeves is two, the number of the second movable sleeves is three, and the first movable sleeves and the second movable sleeves are arranged in a staggered mode.
The invention is further configured to: the end faces of the two ends of the first movable sleeve are provided with a plurality of annular slotted holes arranged at equal intervals, and the slotted holes are filled with lubricant.
The invention is further configured to: and the end surfaces of the two ends of the first movable sleeve are also provided with annular grooves arranged around the slotted holes, and second sealing strips are arranged in the annular grooves.
The invention is further configured to: the oil nozzle is characterized in that one end of the rotating shaft, which is provided with the oil nozzle, is also provided with a limiting convex ring, the other end of the rotating shaft is provided with a pin hole, and a limiting pin is arranged on the pin hole.
A manufacturing process of an engineering vehicle door hinge comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking: automatically cutting the initial forging material to form three material blanks;
s2, heating: respectively feeding the three blanks into a heating furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 1200-1250 ℃;
s3, preforging: respectively placing the three blanks on an upsetting die for upsetting;
s4, forging die forming: after upsetting, respectively putting the three blanks into a rough forging cavity for rough forging, then blowing off oxide skins, and respectively putting the three blanks subjected to rough forging into a finish forging cavity for finish forging to form three pre-forged pieces;
s4, trimming: respectively trimming the three pre-forged pieces to form three target forged pieces;
s5, heat treatment: after cooling, the target forging is tempered by a heating furnace, the tempering temperature is 700-;
s6, finishing and forming: respectively carrying out the working procedures of driving, milling, drilling and the like on the three target forgings to form a first hinge piece, a second hinge piece and a rotating shaft;
s7, flaw detection: carrying out magnetic powder inspection, size inspection and appearance inspection;
s8, assembling and forming: the oil groove of the rotating shaft is provided with a sealing sleeve and a steel ring, the oil nozzle is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, then the rotating shaft is assembled with the first hinge piece and the second hinge piece, and finally the other end of the rotating shaft is provided with a limiting pin.
The heating furnaces in the steps S2 and S5 both adopt constant-temperature automatic control heating furnaces, the constant-temperature automatic control heating furnaces heat in an automatic temperature control mode, and each constant-temperature automatic control heating furnace comprises a furnace body for heating, an air supply system for supplying fuel and a control system for automatically adjusting air supply.
The invention is further configured to: the heating furnace comprises a furnace body, a heating pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, an igniter is arranged on the heating pipe, a guide rail is arranged below the heating furnace, wheels are arranged above the guide rail, a frame is arranged above the wheels, a calcining table is arranged above the frame, an air supply system comprises a natural gas storage tank, an air storage tank, a natural gas supply pipeline, an air supply pipeline, a gas mixing tank and an air supply tank, the natural gas storage tank is communicated with the gas mixing tank through the natural gas supply pipeline, the air storage tank is communicated with the gas mixing tank through the air supply pipeline, the gas mixing supply pipeline is communicated with the heating pipe, a first pressure reducing valve, a first proportional electromagnetic valve, a first manual valve and a first mass flow controller are sequentially arranged on the natural gas supply pipeline, a second pressure reducing valve, a second proportional electromagnetic valve, a second manual valve and a second mass flow controller are sequentially arranged on the air, the gas supply tank is communicated with the heating pipe through a fourth proportional electromagnetic valve, a fourth manual valve and a gas one-way valve which are sequentially arranged;
the control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, and an A/D input module of the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with a signal output end of the first mass flow controller and a signal output end of the second mass flow controller; the A/D output module of the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the input ends of the first proportional solenoid valve, the second proportional solenoid valve, the third proportional solenoid valve and the fourth proportional solenoid valve;
a first pressure detection sensor is arranged in the gas mixing tank, a second pressure detection sensor is arranged in the gas supply tank, and a temperature detection sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body;
the first pressure detection sensor detects the gas pressure in the gas mixing tank, the second pressure detection sensor detects the temperature in the gas supply tank, the temperature detection sensor detects the temperature in the furnace body, and the detected pressure and temperature are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer after digital-to-analog conversion.
The invention is further configured to: the constant-temperature self-control heating furnace comprises an air supply preparation stage and an air supply combustion stage;
in the gas supply preparation stage, the singlechip controls the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve according to a preset ratio of natural gas to air, mass flow signals are detected by the first mass flow controller and the second mass flow controller and fed back to the singlechip, the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are adjusted in real time by the singlechip, so that the gas in the gas mixing tank reaches the preset ratio and the pressure also reaches a preset value, then the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are closed, and the third proportional solenoid valve is opened, so that the mixed gas in the gas mixing tank enters the gas supply tank; when the pressure in the air supply tank reaches a preset value, the third proportional electromagnetic valve is closed, the fourth proportional electromagnetic valve is opened, the heating pipe is supplied with air, and the igniter is ignited for combustion;
and (3) gas supply and combustion stage: the single chip microcomputer judges whether the temperature in the furnace body is within a preset value or not, if the temperature in the furnace body is lower than a lower limit preset value, the opening degree of the fourth proportional solenoid valve is increased, if the temperature in the furnace body is higher than an upper limit preset value, the opening degree of the fourth proportional solenoid valve is reduced, and if the temperature in the furnace body is within the preset value, the opening degree of the existing fourth proportional solenoid valve is maintained;
meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer judges whether the pressure value in the gas supply tank is within a preset pressure value interval, if the pressure value is lower than a preset lower limit pressure value, the third proportional solenoid valve is opened, and if the pressure value is higher than a preset upper limit pressure value, the third proportional solenoid valve is closed;
meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer judges whether the pressure value of the gas mixing tank is within a preset pressure value range, if the pressure value is lower than a preset lower limit pressure value, the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are opened to supplement gas, and if the pressure value is higher than a preset upper limit pressure value, the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are closed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following advantages: the sealing performance of the oil groove on the rotating shaft can be improved through the arrangement of the sealing sleeve, the sealing ring and the first sealing strip on the rotating shaft, so that the outward leakage of lubricating oil is avoided, the service time of the lubricating oil is prolonged, and the lubricating property and the wear resistance of the rotating shaft are improved;
the groove holes for filling the lubricant are formed in the axial abutting surfaces of the first movable sleeve and the second movable sleeve, so that the lubricating property between the first movable sleeve and the second movable sleeve can be improved, and the abrasion is reduced;
the hinge is formed by forging, so that the structural strength is improved;
in the forging process, a constant-temperature self-control mode is selected for heating, so that strict control and control of temperature can be performed in the heating process, and the final quality of a product is improved;
in addition, the heating process adopts the premixed combustion of natural gas and air, the optimal air-fuel ratio can be achieved, the optimal combustion efficiency can be achieved, and all parts can be subjected to real-time detection and feedback in the combustion process, so that real-time adjustment is realized, and the whole set of system is more stable and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic axial sectional view of a rotary shaft according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a radial cross-section of the rotating shaft A-A of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion B of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first hinge plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the furnace body in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the structure of the thermostatic self-controlled heating furnace of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a logic block diagram of the control process of the thermostatic automatic control heating furnace of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 1. a first hinge piece; 2. a second hinge plate; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. a first movable sleeve; 5. a second movable sleeve; 6. an oil hole; 7. a nozzle tip; 8. an oil sump; 9. sealing sleeves; 10. a steel ring; 11. a first seal strip; 12. a slot; 13. a second seal strip; 14. a limit convex ring; 15. a pin hole; 16. a spacing pin; 20. a furnace body; 21. heating a tube; 22. an igniter; 23. a guide rail; 24. a wheel; 25. a frame; 26. a calcination table; 27. an air supply tank; 28. and a temperature detection sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following with specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, see fig. 1-8:
the utility model provides an engineering vehicle door hinge, includes first hinge piece 1, second hinge piece 2 and axis of rotation 3, is equipped with first movable sleeve 4 on one side of first hinge piece 1, is equipped with second movable sleeve 5 on one side of second hinge piece 2, and first movable sleeve 4 and second movable sleeve 5 are all installed in axis of rotation 3 and are realized rotating the connection, one of axis of rotation 3 is served and is equipped with oilhole 6, and is equipped with glib 7 with 6 intercommunications of oilhole on the axis of rotation 3, is equipped with a plurality of bar structures's oil groove 8 on the periphery wall of axis of rotation 3, and oil groove 8 is the hoop equidistance and arranges, and 8 bottoms of oil groove are equipped with the oil guide hole with 6 intercommunications of oilhole, are equipped with seal cover 9 and steel ring 10 in the oil groove 8, and steel ring 10 is installed on the inboard of seal.
The oil nipple 7 is in threaded connection with the oil hole 6, oil can be conveniently injected into the oil hole 6 through the arrangement of the oil nipple 7, lubricating oil can enter the oil groove 8 through the oil guide hole 6, a lubricating effect is achieved between the rotating shaft 3 and the movable sleeve, and the problems of clamping stagnation and abnormal sound during rotation of the hinge can be effectively prevented; the sealing sleeve 9 can be of a flat annular structure, is matched with the structure of the inner wall of the oil groove 8, is clamped in the oil groove 8 and is extruded and fixed through a steel ring 10 which is also of a flat annular structure; the arrangement of the sealing sleeve 9 can avoid the leakage of lubricating oil from the gap between the rotating shaft 3 and the movable sleeve, and the service life of the lubricating oil is prolonged.
Still be equipped with the caulking groove of annular setting on the outer terminal surface of seal cover 9, be equipped with first sealing strip 11 in the caulking groove, first sealing strip 11 can adopt the graphite sealing strip, contradicts through first sealing strip 11 between the outer terminal surface of seal cover 9 and the movable sleeve, and first sealing strip 11 can be through the graphite material of self, can further increase the leakproofness and the wearability of the outer terminal surface of seal cover 9.
The sealing sleeve 9 is made of rubber, and the height of the sealing sleeve 9 is h1The height of the outer end surface of the steel sleeve from the outer end surface of the sealing sleeve 9 is h2And h is2＝h1/4, the height of the first sealing strip 11 is h3And h is3＝h1/8。
The height of the sealing sleeve 9 needs to be slightly larger than the groove depth of the oil groove 8, so that the sealing sleeve 9 can play a sealing role, and the sealing sleeve 9 can be prevented from deforming and losing efficacy by arranging the steel sleeve, namely the steel ring 10 resists the deformation of the sealing sleeve 9 and prevents the sealing failure of the sealing sleeve; and be less than seal cover 9 with the high design of steel ring 10, and the reasonable selection ratio for when seal cover 9 rotated along with axis of rotation 3, can produce little deformation, the motion resistance when reducing the rotation, the installation intensity between first sealing strip 11 and the seal cover 9 can be ensured to the height of first sealing strip 11 embedding degree of depth promptly, avoids first sealing strip 11 to become invalid.
First movable sleeve 4 is the integrated into one piece structure with first hinge piece 1, and second movable sleeve 5 is the integrated into one piece structure with second hinge piece 2, and the quantity of first movable sleeve 4 is two, and the quantity of second movable sleeve 5 is three, and first movable sleeve 4 and the mutual dislocation set of second movable sleeve 5 make things convenient for the installation of first hinge piece 1 and second hinge piece 2.
Be equipped with the slotted hole 12 that a plurality of annular equidistance set up on the terminal surface at first movable sleeve 4 both ends, slotted hole 12 intussuseption is filled with emollient, in order to mention the structural stability between first hinge piece 1 and the second hinge piece 2, also in the gap between the first movable sleeve 4 of avoiding external impurity to get into and the second movable sleeve 5, first movable sleeve 4 and second movable sleeve 5 need the axial to contradict, when first movable sleeve 4 and second movable sleeve 5 rotate each other, emollient in slotted hole 12 can play effective lubricated effect, make emollient form lubricated membrane between first movable sleeve 4 and second movable sleeve 5, reduce wearing and tearing.
The invention is further configured to: still be equipped with the ring channel that encircles slotted hole 12 and set up on the terminal surface at first movable sleeve 4 both ends, be equipped with second sealing strip 13 in the ring channel, the ring channel is single, encircles in the outside of all slotted holes 12, plays further sealed effect through second sealing strip 13, and avoids outside impurity to get into, and graphite material can be chooseed for use to second sealing strip 13, improves the wearability.
One of installing glib 7 on the axis of rotation 3 is served and still is equipped with spacing bulge loop 14, is equipped with pinhole 15 on the other end of axis of rotation 3, installs spacer pin 16 on pinhole 15, and the structure of spacing bulge loop 14 is that the one end external diameter that sets up glib 7 on the axis of rotation 3 is great promptly, and easy to assemble glib 7 promptly can play the spacing effect of axial again to the hinge piece, and the other end of axis of rotation 3 plays axial limiting displacement through spacer pin 16.
A manufacturing process of an engineering vehicle door hinge comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking: automatically cutting the initial forging material to form three material blanks;
s2, heating: respectively feeding the three blanks into a heating furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 1200-1250 ℃;
s3, preforging: respectively placing the three blanks on an upsetting die for upsetting;
s4, forging die forming: after upsetting, respectively putting the three blanks into a rough forging cavity for rough forging, then blowing off oxide skins, and respectively putting the three blanks subjected to rough forging into a finish forging cavity for finish forging to form three pre-forged pieces;
s4, trimming: respectively trimming the three pre-forged pieces to form three target forged pieces;
s5, heat treatment: after cooling, the target forging is tempered by a heating furnace, the tempering temperature is 700-;
s6, finishing and forming: the three target forgings are processed by working procedures of travelling, milling, drilling and the like respectively to form a first hinge piece 1, a second hinge piece 2 and a rotating shaft 3;
s7, flaw detection: carrying out magnetic powder inspection, size inspection and appearance inspection;
s8, assembling and forming: a sealing sleeve 9 and a steel ring 10 are arranged on an oil groove 8 of the rotating shaft 3, an oil nozzle 7 is arranged on one end of the rotating shaft 3, then the rotating shaft 3 is assembled with the first hinge piece 1 and the second hinge piece 2, and finally a limit pin 16 is arranged on the other end of the rotating shaft 3;
in the heat treatment process, austenite and martensite are decomposed separately in a high-temperature tempering mode, then a core structure is refined in a secondary high-temperature tempering mode, the toughness of the core is improved, the structure is uniform, the structure preparation is made for final heat treatment, finally, the wear resistance and the comprehensive mechanical property are improved in a quenching and low-temperature tempering mode, and the surface hardness is HRC55-60 and the core hardness is HRC38-43 through detection on the rotating shaft 3.
In order to improve the mechanical property of the forge piece, the temperature in the forging process needs to be effectively controlled, the heating furnaces in the steps S2 and S5 both adopt constant-temperature automatic control heating furnaces, the constant-temperature automatic control heating furnaces heat in an automatic temperature control mode, each constant-temperature automatic control heating furnace comprises a furnace body 20 for heating, an air supply system for supplying fuel and a control system for automatically adjusting air supply, a flame heating mode of premixing natural gas and air is adopted, the environment-friendly requirement can be met, and the equipment cost is far lower than that of the existing electric heating furnaces.
The inner wall of the furnace body 20 is provided with a heating pipe 21, an igniter 22 is arranged on the heating pipe 21, a guide rail 23 is arranged below the heating furnace, wheels 24 are arranged above the guide rail 23, a frame 25 is arranged above the wheels 24, and a calcining platform 26 is arranged above the frame 25.
The heating pipe 21 is used for giving vent to anger the burning, and heating pipe 21 is fixed in on the furnace body 20 inner wall, and some firearm 22 is fixed on heating pipe 21 through the draw-in groove, and guide rail 23 welded fastening is in the heating furnace bottom, and wheel 24 clamps in guide rail 23 top, and wheel 24 is fixed in frame 25 below, and calcining platform 26 is fixed in above frame 25, and heating pipe 21 distributes in calcining platform 26's top, is used for placing the work piece that needs the heating on the calcining platform 26, and through the mode of frame 25, the convenience work piece is taken out and is sent into.
The gas supply system comprises a natural gas storage tank, an air storage tank, a natural gas supply pipeline, an air supply pipeline, a gas mixing tank and a gas supply tank 27, the natural gas storage tank is communicated with the gas mixing tank through the natural gas supply pipeline, the air storage tank is communicated with the gas mixing tank through the air supply pipeline, the gas mixing supply pipeline is communicated with the heating pipe 21, a first pressure reducing valve and a first proportional electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the natural gas supply pipeline, the air mixing tank is communicated with the air supply tank 27 through a third proportional electromagnetic valve and a third manual valve, and the air supply tank 27 is communicated with the heating pipe 21 through a fourth proportional electromagnetic valve, a fourth manual valve and a gas one-way valve which are sequentially arranged.
The natural gas and the air need to enter the gas mixing tank for gas mixing firstly and then enter the gas supply tank 27, so that the natural gas and the air can be mixed fully; the first proportional solenoid valve, the second proportional solenoid valve, the third proportional solenoid valve and the fourth proportional solenoid valve are all controlled by the single-chip microcomputer MCU, and the opening degree of the first proportional solenoid valve, the second proportional solenoid valve, the third proportional solenoid valve and the fourth proportional solenoid valve can be adjusted according to voltage signals, so that the adjustment is convenient; the first manual valve, the second manual valve, the third manual valve and the fourth manual valve are all used for manual opening and closing, mainly play a role in protection, can be in a normally closed state when not used for a long time, and can be in a normally open state when used, and manual closing can be realized if an air supply system fails; the metering unit of the first mass flow controller and the metering unit of the second mass flow controller can be volume, the volume is used for detecting the volume passing through and feeding back the volume to the single chip microcomputer MCU, and the single chip microcomputer MCU is used for calculating whether the preset ratio of air and natural gas is met or not, so that the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are adjusted; the gas check valve can increase the safety of the gas supply tank 27 in the gas supply process; through the structure, the air and the natural gas can be fully mixed according to a preset proportion, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
The control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, and an A/D input module of the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with a signal output end of the first mass flow controller and a signal output end of the second mass flow controller; and an A/D output module of the singlechip is respectively connected with input ends of the first proportional solenoid valve, the second proportional solenoid valve, the third proportional solenoid valve and the fourth proportional solenoid valve.
A first pressure detection sensor is arranged in the gas mixing tank, a second pressure detection sensor is arranged in the gas supply tank 27, and a temperature detection sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body 20;
the first pressure detection sensor detects the gas pressure in the gas mixing tank, the second pressure detection sensor detects the gas pressure in the gas supply tank 27, the temperature detection sensor detects the temperature in the furnace body 20, and the detected pressure and temperature are subjected to digital-to-analog conversion and then are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer.
The temperature detection sensor can be a thermocouple and is arranged in the furnace body 20 to monitor the temperature in the furnace body 20 and feed back the temperature to the single chip microcomputer, so that the opening degree of the fourth proportional electromagnetic valve is adjusted, when the opening degree is increased, the gas output is increased, the flame is stronger, the temperature in the furnace body 20 can be increased, when the opening degree is reduced, the gas output is reduced, and the temperature in the furnace body can be reduced.
The constant-temperature self-control heating furnace comprises an air supply preparation stage and an air supply combustion stage;
in the air supply preparation stage, the singlechip controls the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve according to a preset ratio of natural gas to air, mass flow signals are detected by the first mass flow controller and the second mass flow controller and fed back to the singlechip, the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are adjusted in real time by the singlechip, so that the gas in the gas mixing tank reaches the preset ratio and the pressure also reaches a preset value, then the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are closed, and the third proportional solenoid valve is opened, so that the mixed gas in the gas mixing tank enters the air supply tank 27; when the pressure in the air supply tank 27 reaches a preset value, the third proportional solenoid valve is closed, the fourth proportional solenoid valve is opened, air is supplied to the heating pipe 21, and the igniter 22 is ignited for combustion;
through the structure and the method, the volume ratio of the mixed gas in the vaporization mixing tank can reach an optimal value, the mixed gas does not deviate from a preset value, and the maximum combustion efficiency is realized.
And (3) gas supply and combustion stage: the single chip microcomputer judges whether the temperature in the furnace body 20 is within a preset value or not, if the temperature in the furnace body 20 is lower than the lower limit preset value, the opening degree of the fourth proportional solenoid valve is increased, the air supply amount is increased, if the temperature in the furnace body 20 is higher than the upper limit preset value, the opening degree of the fourth proportional solenoid valve is decreased, the air supply amount is decreased, and if the temperature in the furnace body 20 is within the preset value, the opening degree of the existing fourth proportional solenoid valve is maintained;
meanwhile, the singlechip judges whether the pressure value in the air supply tank 27 is within a preset pressure value interval or not, and the pressure in the air supply tank 27 is inevitably reduced due to the opening of the fourth proportional solenoid valve, so that if the pressure value is lower than a preset lower limit pressure value, the third proportional solenoid valve is opened to automatically supply air to the air supply tank 27, and after air supply, the pressure of the air supply tank 27 is gradually increased, and therefore if the pressure value is higher than a preset upper limit pressure value, the third proportional solenoid valve is closed;
meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer judges whether the pressure value of the gas mixing tank is within a preset pressure value range, and the pressure in the gas mixing tank is inevitably reduced due to the opening of the third proportional solenoid valve, so that the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are opened to supplement gas if the pressure value is lower than a preset lower limit pressure value, and the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are closed to stop supplementing gas if the pressure value is higher than a preset upper limit pressure value.
Through the monitoring feedback of each sensor and the control of the single chip microcomputer, real-time adjustment can be carried out, the reliability is greatly improved, continuous and balanced gas supply combustion is realized, the temperature in the furnace body 20 is kept, and the final forged product quality is improved.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an engineering door hinge, includes first hinge piece (1), second hinge piece (2) and axis of rotation (3), is equipped with first movable sleeve (4) on one side of first hinge piece (1), is equipped with second movable sleeve (5) on one side of second hinge piece (2), and first movable sleeve (4) and second movable sleeve (5) are all installed on axis of rotation (3) and are realized rotating the connection, its characterized in that: one of axis of rotation (3) is served and is equipped with oilhole (6), and be equipped with glib talker (7) with oilhole (6) intercommunication on axis of rotation (3), be equipped with oil groove (8) of a plurality of bar structures on the periphery wall of axis of rotation (3), oil groove (8) are the hoop equidistance and arrange, oil groove (8) bottom is equipped with leads the oilhole with oilhole (6) intercommunication, be equipped with seal cover (9) and steel ring (10) in oil groove (8), install on the inboard of seal cover (9) steel ring (10), seal cover (9) are fixed in oil groove (8) through steel ring (10).
2. An engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 1, wherein: an annular caulking groove is further formed in the outer end face of the sealing sleeve (9), and a first sealing strip (11) is arranged in the caulking groove.
3. An engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 2, wherein: the sealing sleeve (9) is made of rubber, and the height of the sealing sleeve (9) is h1The height between the outer end surface of the steel sleeve and the outer end surface of the sealing sleeve (9) is h2And h is2＝h1/4, the height of the first sealing strip (11) is h3And h is3＝h1/8。
4. An engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 1, wherein: first movable sleeve (4) and first hinge piece (1) are integrated into one piece structure, and second movable sleeve (5) and second hinge piece (2) are integrated into one piece structure, and the quantity of first movable sleeve (4) is two, and the quantity of second movable sleeve (5) is three, and first movable sleeve (4) and second movable sleeve (5) dislocation set each other.
5. An engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 4, wherein: the end faces of the two ends of the first movable sleeve (4) are provided with a plurality of annular slotted holes (12) which are arranged at equal intervals, and the slotted holes (12) are filled with lubricant.
6. An engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 5, wherein: and the end surfaces of the two ends of the first movable sleeve (4) are also provided with annular grooves which are arranged around the slotted holes (12), and the annular grooves are internally provided with second sealing strips (13).
7. An engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 1, wherein: the oil nozzle is characterized in that one end of the rotating shaft (3) provided with the oil nozzle (7) is also provided with a limiting convex ring (14), the other end of the rotating shaft (3) is provided with a pin hole (15), and the pin hole (15) is provided with a limiting pin (16).
8. A manufacturing process of the engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking: automatically cutting the initial forging material to form three material blanks;
s2, heating: respectively feeding the three blanks into a heating furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 1200-1250 ℃;
s3, preforging: respectively placing the three blanks on an upsetting die for upsetting;
s4, forging die forming: after upsetting, respectively putting the three blanks into a rough forging cavity for rough forging, then blowing off oxide skins, and respectively putting the three blanks subjected to rough forging into a finish forging cavity for finish forging to form three pre-forged pieces;
s4, trimming: respectively trimming the three pre-forged pieces to form three target forged pieces;
s5, heat treatment: after cooling, the target forging is tempered by a heating furnace, the tempering temperature is 700-;
s6, finishing and forming: the three target forgings are processed by working procedures of travelling, milling, drilling and the like respectively to form a first hinge piece (1), a second hinge piece (2) and a rotating shaft (3);
s7, flaw detection: carrying out magnetic powder inspection, size inspection and appearance inspection;
s8, assembling and forming: a sealing sleeve (9) and a steel ring (10) are arranged on an oil groove (8) of the rotating shaft (3), an oil nozzle (7) is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (3), then the rotating shaft (3) is assembled with the first hinge plate (1) and the second hinge plate (2), and finally a limiting pin (16) is arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft (3);
the heating furnaces in the steps S2 and S5 both adopt constant-temperature automatic control heating furnaces, the constant-temperature automatic control heating furnaces heat in an automatic temperature control mode, and each constant-temperature automatic control heating furnace comprises a furnace body (20) for heating, an air supply system for supplying fuel and a control system for automatically adjusting air supply.
9. The manufacturing process of an engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 8, wherein the manufacturing process comprises the following steps:
the heating furnace is characterized in that a heating pipe (21) is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (20), an igniter (22) is installed on the heating pipe (21), a guide rail (23) is arranged below the heating furnace, wheels (24) are arranged above the guide rail (23), a frame (25) is installed above the wheels (24), a calcining table (26) is arranged above the frame (25), the air supply system comprises a natural gas storage tank, an air storage tank, a natural gas supply pipeline, an air supply pipeline, a gas mixing tank and an air supply tank (27), the natural gas storage tank is communicated with the gas mixing tank through the natural gas supply pipeline, the air storage tank is communicated with the gas mixing tank through the air supply pipeline, the gas mixing supply pipeline is communicated with the heating pipe (21), a first pressure reducing valve, a first proportional electromagnetic valve, a first manual valve and a first mass flow control instrument are sequentially arranged, The gas mixing tank is communicated with the gas supply tank (27) through a third proportional electromagnetic valve and a third manual valve, and the gas supply tank (27) is communicated with the heating pipe (21) through a fourth proportional electromagnetic valve, a fourth manual valve and a gas one-way valve which are sequentially arranged;
the control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, and an A/D input module of the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with a signal output end of the first mass flow controller and a signal output end of the second mass flow controller; the A/D output module of the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the input ends of the first proportional solenoid valve, the second proportional solenoid valve, the third proportional solenoid valve and the fourth proportional solenoid valve;
a first pressure detection sensor is arranged in the gas mixing tank, a second pressure detection sensor is arranged in the gas supply tank (27), and a temperature detection sensor (28) is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (20);
the first pressure detection sensor detects the gas pressure in the gas mixing tank, the second pressure detection sensor detects the gas pressure in the gas supply tank (27), the temperature detection sensor detects the temperature in the furnace body (20), and the detected pressure and temperature are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer after digital-to-analog conversion.
10. The manufacturing process of an engineering vehicle door hinge according to claim 9, wherein:
the constant-temperature self-control heating furnace comprises an air supply preparation stage and an air supply combustion stage;
in the air supply preparation stage, the singlechip controls the opening degrees of a first proportional solenoid valve and a second proportional solenoid valve according to a preset ratio of natural gas and air, mass flow signals are detected by a first mass flow controller and a second mass flow controller and fed back to the singlechip, the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are adjusted in real time by the singlechip, so that the gas in the gas mixing tank reaches the preset ratio and the pressure also reaches a preset value, then the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are closed, and a third proportional solenoid valve is opened, so that the mixed gas in the gas mixing tank enters an air supply tank (27); when the pressure in the air supply tank (27) reaches a preset value, the third proportional electromagnetic valve is closed, the fourth proportional electromagnetic valve is opened, air is supplied to the heating pipe (21), and the igniter (22) is ignited for combustion;
and (3) gas supply and combustion stage: the single chip microcomputer judges whether the temperature in the furnace body (20) is within a preset value or not, if the temperature in the furnace body (20) is lower than the lower limit preset value, the opening degree of the fourth proportional electromagnetic valve is increased, if the temperature in the furnace body (20) is higher than the upper limit preset value, the opening degree of the fourth proportional electromagnetic valve is reduced, and if the temperature in the furnace body (20) is within the preset value, the opening degree of the existing fourth proportional electromagnetic valve is maintained;
meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer judges whether the pressure value in the air supply tank (27) is within a preset pressure value interval, if the pressure value is lower than a preset lower limit pressure value, a third proportional solenoid valve is opened, and if the pressure value is higher than a preset upper limit pressure value, the third proportional solenoid valve is closed;
meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer judges whether the pressure value of the gas mixing tank is within a preset pressure value range, if the pressure value is lower than a preset lower limit pressure value, the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are opened to supplement gas, and if the pressure value is higher than a preset upper limit pressure value, the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve are closed.
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| CN202010274031.1A CN111456575B (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Engineering vehicle door hinge and manufacturing process thereof |
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| CN202010274031.1A CN111456575B (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Engineering vehicle door hinge and manufacturing process thereof |
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| CN111456575B true CN111456575B (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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| DE29709751U1 (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-10-08 | Scharwaechter Gmbh Co Kg | Removable door hinge |
| CN2603172Y (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2004-02-11 | 庄福良 | Torque adjustable hinge structure |
| JP2004156286A (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-06-03 | Kitamura Tekkosho:Kk | Hinge with lubricator |
| CN203476034U (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-03-12 | 霍志文 | Hinge mechanism |
| CN206245944U (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽浩源模具制造有限公司 | A kind of passenger car door hinge |
| CN108798325A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of body hinge |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0321752D0 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2003-10-15 | Carlisle Brass Ltd | A single axis hinge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2287063B (en) * | 1994-03-02 | 1997-04-23 | Stanley Works | Concealed bearing hinge and method of making same |
| DE29709751U1 (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-10-08 | Scharwaechter Gmbh Co Kg | Removable door hinge |
| JP2004156286A (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-06-03 | Kitamura Tekkosho:Kk | Hinge with lubricator |
| CN2603172Y (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2004-02-11 | 庄福良 | Torque adjustable hinge structure |
| CN203476034U (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-03-12 | 霍志文 | Hinge mechanism |
| CN206245944U (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽浩源模具制造有限公司 | A kind of passenger car door hinge |
| CN108798325A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of body hinge |
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