CN111455190A - Device and method for purifying and microalloying metal melt - Google Patents
Device and method for purifying and microalloying metal melt Download PDFInfo
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- CN111455190A CN111455190A CN201910051954.8A CN201910051954A CN111455190A CN 111455190 A CN111455190 A CN 111455190A CN 201910051954 A CN201910051954 A CN 201910051954A CN 111455190 A CN111455190 A CN 111455190A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device, which comprises a shell, wherein a melt inlet and a melt outlet are arranged on the shell, an overflow device is arranged in the shell, slag liquid is filled between the overflow device and the shell, and the slag liquid contains trace alloy elements; the metal melt to be treated is introduced into the overflow device from the melt inlet, and after overflowing, the metal melt interacts with the slag liquid to realize purification, purification and microalloying, and then is discharged from the melt outlet. The device can clean and microalloy the metal melt at low cost and high efficiency by purifying, purifying and adding trace elements to the metal melt once or for multiple times, thereby further improving the physical and chemical properties of the metal material by improving the cleanliness and the content of trace alloy elements of the metal material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the metallurgy and processing technology of metal materials, in particular to a device and a method for purifying, purifying and microalloying metal melt.
Background
The metallic material is the pillar of the development of human society, and the early history of human beings is differentiated by the appearance of the metallic material, such as the bronze era and the ironware era. If people leave the metal material, the development of the whole society will take great step.
Almost all metals undergo one or more melting and subsequent solidification processes. As a metal material which is most widely applied, steel is subjected to the processes of blast furnace converter smelting, refining and continuous casting or steel ingot pouring and the like in the production process of continuous casting billets and ingots. The concrete production processes of nonferrous metals such as aluminum and copper are different from steel, but the nonferrous metals such as aluminum and copper are subjected to a molten state and a solidification process to prepare a casting blank or an ingot. In addition, many cast ingots or ingots of metallic materials are melted and resolidified several times during subsequent alloying processes.
In the metal smelting and solidifying process, a plurality of problems are caused, and the quality and the application of the metal material are seriously reduced. Many impurity elements and particles are generated during the melting of metal, and solidification defects such as macro-segregation and shrinkage porosity are accompanied during the solidification of metal. Many processes or techniques have been used to solve the above problems, but there is still a need to develop a new method with low cost advantage to remove impurity elements and particles, eliminate macro segregation and shrinkage porosity, and achieve material cleaning and homogenization. Therefore, the development of an effective metal cleaning and homogenizing method has been one of the most important problems in the research of metal materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides an efficient and low-cost apparatus and method for purifying, purifying and microalloying a molten metal.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device, which comprises a shell, wherein the shell is provided with a melt inlet and a melt outlet, an overflow device is arranged in the shell, and slag liquid is filled between the overflow device and the shell; the metal melt to be treated is introduced into the overflow device from the melt inlet, and a melt thin layer formed on the outer surface of the overflow device after overflow interacts with slag liquid to realize purification, purification and microalloying, and then is discharged from the melt outlet.
According to the microalloying method, different suitable trace alloy elements can be added into the slag liquid.
The shell is hollow, the melt inlet is arranged at the top, and the melt outlet is arranged at the bottom. The flow rate of the metal melt can be controlled by arranging the flow rate controller at the melt inlet and the melt outlet.
The overflow device is suspended in the shell. The overflow device can be a single layer or a plurality of layers, so that the interaction time between the metal melt and the slag liquid is prolonged, and a better treatment effect is obtained. The surface of the overflow device can be smooth, rough, step or edge-shaped, concave-convex uneven and the like, and the appearance can be cylindrical, conical, spherical, bowl-shaped, gourd-shaped, S-shaped, curved and the like.
Furthermore, the overflow device can be suspended and fixed in the shell by arranging a bracket, and can also be directly connected and fixed with the shell; when the overflow device is arranged in a plurality of or multiple layers, besides the two fixing modes, the overflow device and the overflow device or the layers can be mutually connected to realize the fixation. The fixing mode can be realized modes of welding, sintering and the like.
According to the actual requirement, the overflow device can be arranged into one or a plurality of overflow devices distributed in the shell.
Further, the apparatus also includes a melt inflow extending through the melt inlet to the bottom of the overflow. Further, the metal melt inflow device can adopt an inlet pipe mode, and can also adopt other modes, such as melt dripping at the bottom of a consumable electrode, water tank pouring, spraying and sprinkling, and the like, and the inlet pipe mode is preferred.
When the inlet pipe mode is adopted, in order to facilitate the normal introduction of the melt and avoid blockage, the melt inflow device can adjust the distance from the melt inflow device to the bottom of the overflow device according to the flow rate, and is generally arranged at the middle lower part of the overflow device.
And a heating and heat-insulating device is also arranged outside the shell.
The melt inlet is connected with a metal melt containing device. The metal melt purifying, purifying and micro-alloying device can be arranged above, below or in the metal melt containing device to treat the metal melt.
Preferably, the metal melt containing device can be selectively sleeved on the upper part of the shell, so that the metal melt can automatically flow into the overflow device for treatment under the action of gravity.
The melt outlet is connected with a metal melt containing device for containing the processed melt, and can also be connected with a cooling device for melt solidification preparation.
In actual use, the metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device can be used between a steel ladle and a tundish, between the tundish and a crystallizer and the like according to specific situations; flow rate controllers are arranged between each other.
Further, the metal melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus described herein can be used singly or in multiple. For a plurality of melt purification, purification and microalloying devices, each device can be placed in parallel side by side, in an annular shape, or stacked up and down. For a plurality of metal melt purification, purification and microalloying devices, the slag liquid in each device can be the same or different according to different purification, purification and microalloying metals, different purified impurities and harmful elements and different added trace elements.
The metal melt in this application may be a pure metal or an alloy.
The density and the melting point of the slag liquid are lower than those of the metal melt, the spreading and slag discharging performance is good, and the slag liquid has the functions of adsorbing foreign particles in the metal melt, removing impurities in the metal melt through reaction and adding trace alloy elements.
The connection mode and the like which are not described in the application belong to the connection mode and the like which can be realized by the prior art.
The method for purifying, purifying and microalloying the metal melt by adopting the device comprises the following steps: equipment during operation, during the metal melt flowed into the overflow ware of fuse-element purification, purification and microalloying device from the fuse-element inflow ware, after the metal melt was full of the overflow ware, will flow downwards with the form of metal thin layer along the outer wall of overflow ware, because the surface of overflow ware is wrapped up by the slag liquid, the slag liquid will carry out inclusion absorption and harmful element to the metal thin layer of outer wall and get rid of, the trace alloy element who adds in the slag liquid can be to the metal melt microalloying simultaneously, the metal melt after purification, purification and microalloying can flow from the fuse-element export of casing.
Further, the velocity of the metal melt entering the overflow of the metal melt purification, purification and microalloying plant from the melt inflow vessel can be controlled by installing a throttle valve on the melt inflow vessel or by other means; when the metal melt purifying, purifying and microalloying device is placed on or below the metal melt containing device, a heat preservation heating device can be installed around the metal melt purifying, purifying and microalloying device to heat and preserve the heat of the metal melt and slag liquid in the metal melt purifying, purifying and microalloying device, and whether the heat preservation heating device is used or not is determined according to the superheat degree of the metal melt in the metal melt containing device; the density and melting point of the slag liquid between the device body and the overflow device are lower than those of the molten metal, the spreading and slag discharging performance is good, and the device has the functions of adsorbing foreign particles in the molten metal, removing impurity elements in the molten metal through reaction and adding trace alloy elements.
Furthermore, the metal melt can be pure metal or alloy; the heat preservation temperature of the metal melt and the slag liquid in the metal melt purifying and purifying device and the microalloying device depends on the respective physical and chemical properties of the metal material and the slag liquid, and the heat preservation method can use resistance heating and can be induction heating; the speed of the metal melt flowing into the overflow device from the melt inflow device is controlled between 0.1mm/s and 1000 m/s; the slag liquid filled between the shell and the overflow device can be replenished at any time along with the consumption generated by the production.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the device can clean and microalloy the metal melt at low cost and high efficiency by purifying, purifying and adding trace elements to the metal melt for one time or multiple times, thereby further improving the physical and chemical properties of the metal material by improving the cleanliness of the metal material and the content of trace alloy elements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic view of a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus of the invention, in which the overflow is cylindrical;
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic view of a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus of the invention, in which the overflow is conical;
FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention in combination with a melt holding means and a cooling means, wherein a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus is positioned below the metal melt holding means;
FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention in combination with a melt holding device and a cooling device, wherein the metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device is placed inside the metal melt holding device;
FIG. 5 is a simplified schematic illustration of the apparatus of the present invention in combination with a melt holding device and cooling device, wherein a plurality of overflows are provided in one melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus, and the plurality of overflows are horizontally disposed;
FIG. 6 is a simplified schematic illustration of the apparatus of the present invention incorporating a melt holding device and a cooling device, wherein a plurality of overflows are provided in one melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus, and wherein the plurality of overflows are nested;
FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention in combination with a melt holding means and a cooling means, wherein each overflow is connected to a plurality of inlet tubes;
FIG. 8 is a simplified schematic illustration of the apparatus of the present invention in combination with a melt holding means and a plurality of cooling means;
FIG. 9 is a simplified schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention in combination with a melt holding means and a cooling means, wherein the metal melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus is provided in plurality and each apparatus is horizontally disposed;
FIG. 10 is a simplified schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention in combination with a melt holding means and a cooling means, wherein the metal melt purifying, purifying and micro-alloying means are provided in plurality and each means is placed one above the other;
fig. 11 is a simple schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention combining a ladle and a tundish.
The device comprises a shell (1), a slag liquid (2), an overflow device (3), a melt inflow device (4), a melt outlet (5), a melt inlet (6), a heating and heat-preserving device (7), a metal melt (8), a metal melt containing device (9), a cooling device (10), a pull rod device (11), a flow rate controller (12), a steel ladle (13) and a tundish (14).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
EXAMPLE 1A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus
The device for purifying, purifying and microalloying the metal melt as shown in figure 1 comprises a hollow box-shaped shell 1, wherein the top of the shell 1 is provided with a melt inlet 6, the bottom of the shell is provided with a melt outlet 5, and the flow rate of the metal melt 8 is controlled by arranging a flow rate controller 12 at the melt inlet 6 and the melt outlet 5; an overflow device 3 is arranged in the shell 1, and slag liquid 2 is filled between the overflow device 3 and the shell 1; the metal melt 8 to be treated is introduced into the overflow device 3 from the melt inlet 6, flows down along the outer wall of the overflow device 3 after overflowing, interacts with the slag liquid 2 to realize purification, purification and microalloying, and is then discharged from the melt outlet 5. The density and melting point of the slag liquid 2 are lower than those of the metal melt 8, the spreading and slag discharging performance is good, the slag liquid has the functions of adsorbing impurity particles in the metal melt, removing impurities in the metal melt through reaction and adding trace alloy elements, and different appropriate trace alloy elements can be added into the slag liquid according to the microalloying requirement.
The overflow device 3 can be a single layer or multiple layers, so as to prolong the interaction time between the metal melt 8 and the slag liquid 2 and obtain better treatment effect, the surface of the overflow device 3 can be smooth, rough, step-shaped or edge-shaped, concave-convex uneven and the like, and the shape can be a cylinder as shown in fig. 1, a cone as shown in fig. 2, or a sphere, a bowl, a gourd-shaped, an S-shaped, a curved surface and the like. According to actual needs, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the overflow devices 3 can be arranged in one, or as shown in fig. 5 and 6, or in two or more, and can be placed on the same plane as shown in fig. 5, or nested together as shown in fig. 6, and when more than two overflow devices 3 are used, particularly nested placement, the slag liquid 2 between the overflow devices 3 can be the same or different.
As shown in fig. 3, the melt inlet 6 is connected to a metal melt holding device 9 and the melt therein is introduced into the overflow 3 via an inlet-tube type melt inflow 4, wherein the melt inflow 4 may be provided with only one inlet tube or with a plurality of inlet tubes (fig. 7). As shown in fig. 4, the metal melt holding device 9 can also be placed outside the device according to the invention in a wrapped manner, in which case it can also function as a heating and heat-insulating overflow. In other cases, as shown in fig. 3, 5-11, a heating and heat-insulating device 7 may be provided. The melt outlet 5 can also be connected to a cooling device 10 (fig. 7) or can be equipped with a plurality of cooling devices 10 (fig. 8). In the case of the cooling device 10, a pulling rod device 11 capable of being used in combination with the cooling device 10 is further provided, wherein the cooling device 10 is located at the bottom of the housing 1 and is communicated with the housing 1, so that the purified melt is cooled and solidified.
In practical use, a plurality of the above-mentioned metal melt purification, purification and microalloying devices can be used to purify, purify and microalloy the metal melt simultaneously, wherein the plurality of devices can be placed on the same plane (fig. 9) or stacked up and down (fig. 10); the apparatus of the present invention can also be used between a ladle 13 and an intermediate ladle 14 in a continuous casting process (fig. 11), where the mutual connections are controlled by a flow rate controller 12.
Example 2 the apparatus shown in fig. 3 was used to reduce the impurity element P and oxide inclusion levels in a 316L stainless steel melt.
(1) Firstly, a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device is preheated to 1450 ℃, the temperature rise program is that the metal melt is heated to 200 ℃ in 30min, the metal melt is heated from 200 ℃ to 1000 ℃ in 60min, and the metal melt is heated from 1000 ℃ to 1450 ℃ in 60 min. Then adding a certain amount of slag liquid 40 percent CaO-8 percent SiO into the device2-30％Fe2O3-10％FeO-4％CaF2-8％Al2O3The height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device,
(2) the flow controller was closed and 100Kg of liquid 316L stainless steel was added to the melt-holding device.
(3) And opening the flow speed controller, and controlling the flow speed of the molten steel flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 1m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 5 cm. After the molten steel is filled in the overflow device, the molten steel slowly enters the slag liquid from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner, and because the interfacial tension between oxide inclusions in the melt and the slag liquid is far smaller than the interfacial tension between the oxide inclusions in the melt and the molten steel, the oxide inclusions in the melt are absorbed by the slag liquid, and meanwhile, the slag liquid reacts with the P element in the molten steel, so that the content of the P element in the molten steel is reduced.
(4) After a certain amount of molten steel is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, a cooling device at the bottom of the device is started, the pull rod is gradually moved, and 316L stainless steel with low impurity element P and oxide inclusion content is produced.
Example 3 the apparatus shown in fig. 4 was used to reduce the content of impurity elements P, S and sulfidic inclusions in a 45# steel melt.
(1) First 100Kg of solid 45# steel was added to the melt holding device, and then the device was heated to 1510 ℃ with the temperature program of 30min to 200 ℃, 60min from 200 ℃ to 1000 ℃, and 60min from 1000 ℃ to 1510 ℃. After the temperature is raised to 1510 ℃, adding a certain amount of CaO-CaCl which can simultaneously slag liquid into a metal melt device2-CaC2-CaF2The height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device.
(2) The flow rate controller was closed and the temperature was maintained at 1510 ℃ for 2 hours.
(3) And opening the flow speed controller, and controlling the flow speed of the molten steel flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 0.01mm/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 10 cm. After the molten steel is filled in the overflow device, the molten steel slowly enters the slag liquid from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner, and because the interfacial tension between the sulfide inclusions in the melt and the slag liquid is far smaller than that between the sulfide inclusions and the molten steel, the sulfide inclusions in the melt are absorbed by the slag liquid, and meanwhile, the slag liquid reacts with P, S elements in the molten steel, so that the content of P, S elements in the molten steel is reduced.
(4) After a certain amount of molten steel is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, a cooling device at the bottom of the device is started, and the pull rod is gradually moved to produce 45# steel with low contents of impurity elements P and S and sulfuration system inclusions. In the process of pulling the pull rod downwards, the size of a molten steel pool is kept stable, solidification is carried out in a small molten pool mode, macrosegregation is reduced, and the quality of a casting blank is improved.
Example 4 steel 45# was microalloyed while reducing the silicate inclusion content using the apparatus shown in fig. 5.
(1) Firstly, preheating a metal melt purifying, purifying and microalloying device to 1510 ℃, wherein the temperature raising procedure is to heat the metal melt to 200 ℃ in 30min, heat the metal melt from 200 ℃ to 1000 ℃ in 60min, and heat the metal melt from 1000 ℃ to 1510 ℃ in 60 min. Then adding a certain amount of slag liquid containing Ni and Mo elements, namely 40 percent of CaO-8 percent of SiO into the device2-30％Fe2O3-10％FeO-4％CaF2-8％Al2O3The height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device,
(2) the flow controller was closed and 100Kg of liquid 45# steel was added to the melt-holding device.
(3) And opening the flow speed controller, and controlling the flow speed of the molten steel flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 100m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 5 cm. After the molten steel is filled in the overflow device, the molten steel slowly enters the slag liquid from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner, and because the interface tension between silicate inclusions in the melt and the slag liquid is far less than the interface tension between the silicate inclusions in the melt and the molten steel, the silicate inclusions in the melt are absorbed by the slag liquid, and meanwhile, Ni and Mo particles in the slag liquid are absorbed and dissolved by the molten steel, thereby microalloying the molten steel
(4) After a certain amount of molten steel is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, a cooling device at the bottom of the device is started, and the pull rod is gradually moved to produce 45# steel which is low in silicate inclusion content and contains Ni and Mo elements. In the process of pulling the pull rod downwards, the size of a molten steel pool is kept stable, solidification is carried out in a small molten pool mode, macrosegregation is reduced, and the quality of a casting blank is improved.
Example 5 the apparatus shown in fig. 6 was used to microalloy 316L stainless steel while reducing the content of sulfide inclusions.
(1) Firstly, a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device is preheated to 1450 ℃, the temperature rise program is that the metal melt is heated to 200 ℃ in 30min, the metal melt is heated from 200 ℃ to 1000 ℃ in 60min, and the metal melt is heated from 1000 ℃ to 1450 ℃ in 60 min. Then adding a certain amount of slag liquid containing Ni and Mo oxide particles, namely 40 percent of CaO-8 percent of SiO into the device2-30％Fe2O3-10％FeO-4％CaF2-8％Al2O3The height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device.
(2) The flow controller was closed and 100Kg of liquid 316L stainless steel was added to the melt-holding device.
(3) And opening the flow speed controller, and controlling the flow speed of the molten steel flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 1m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 50 cm. After the molten steel is filled in the overflow device, the molten steel slowly enters the slag liquid from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner, and because the interface tension between the sulfide inclusions in the melt and the slag liquid is far smaller than the interface tension between the sulfide inclusions and the molten steel, the sulfide inclusions in the melt are absorbed by the slag liquid, and meanwhile, the oxide particles of Ni and Mo in the slag liquid and the elements in the molten steel are subjected to displacement reaction to produce simple substances of Ni and Mo, thereby microalloying the molten steel.
(4) After a certain amount of molten steel is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, a cooling device at the bottom of the device is started, the pull rod is gradually moved, and 316L stainless steel which is low in sulfide system inclusion content and contains Ni and Mo elements is produced.
Example 6 the apparatus shown in fig. 7 was used to purify a356 aluminum alloy of impurity element Fe and to reduce the content of oxide inclusions.
(1) Firstly, preheating a metal melt purifying, purifying and microalloying device to 700 ℃, wherein the temperature rising procedure is that the metal melt is heated to 200 ℃ in 30min, the metal melt is heated from 200 ℃ to 500 ℃ in 60min, and the metal melt is heated from 500 ℃ to 700 ℃ in 60 min. Then adding a certain amount of NaCl-KCl-Na slag liquid into the device2B4O7-AlF3The height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device,
(2) the flow controller was closed and 100Kg of liquid a356 aluminum alloy was added to the melt holding apparatus.
(3) And simultaneously opening the two flow speed controllers, and controlling the flow speed of the aluminum liquid flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 0.1m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 5 cm. After the overflow device is filled with the molten aluminum, the molten aluminum slowly enters the slag liquid from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner, and because the interfacial tension between oxide inclusions in the melt and the slag liquid is far smaller than the interfacial tension between the oxide inclusions in the melt and the molten aluminum, the oxide inclusions in the melt are absorbed by the slag liquid, and meanwhile, the slag liquid reacts with Fe elements in the molten aluminum, so that the content of the Fe elements in the molten aluminum is reduced.
(4) After a certain amount of aluminum liquid is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, a cooling device at the bottom of the device is started, the pull rod is gradually moved, and the A356 aluminum alloy with low impurity element Fe and oxide inclusion content is produced. In the process of pulling the pull rod downwards, the size of a molten steel pool is kept stable, solidification is carried out in a small molten pool mode, macrosegregation is reduced, and the quality of a casting blank is improved.
Example 7 the apparatus shown in FIG. 8 was used to purify the impurity element Fe in the A356 aluminum alloy and to reduce the content of the sulfide-series inclusions.
(1) Firstly, preheating a metal melt purifying, purifying and microalloying device to 700 ℃, wherein the temperature rising procedure is that the metal melt is heated to 200 ℃ in 30min, the metal melt is heated from 200 ℃ to 500 ℃ in 60min, and the metal melt is heated from 500 ℃ to 700 ℃ in 60 min. Then adding a certain amount of NaCl-KCl-Na slag liquid into the device2B4O7-AlF3The height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device,
(2) the flow controller was closed and 100Kg of liquid a356 aluminum alloy was added to the melt holding apparatus.
(3) And opening the flow speed controller, and controlling the flow speed of the aluminum liquid flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 10m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 5 cm. After the overflow device is filled with the molten aluminum, the molten aluminum slowly enters the slag liquid from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner, and because the interfacial tension between the sulfide inclusions in the melt and the slag liquid is far smaller than that between the sulfide inclusions and the molten aluminum, the sulfide inclusions in the melt are absorbed by the slag liquid, and meanwhile, the slag liquid reacts with the Fe element in the molten aluminum, so that the content of the Fe element in the molten aluminum is reduced.
(4) After a certain amount of aluminum liquid is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, a cooling device at the bottom of the device is started at the same time, and the pull rod is gradually moved to produce the A356 aluminum alloy with low impurity element Fe and sulfide series inclusion content. In the process of pulling the pull rod downwards, the size of a molten steel pool is kept stable, solidification is carried out in a small molten pool mode, macrosegregation is reduced, and the quality of a casting blank is improved.
Example 7 the apparatus shown in fig. 9 was used to purify 99.99% of the indium to cadmium as an impurity element.
(1) Firstly, a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device is preheated to 200 ℃, and the temperature rise program is 30min for heating to 200 ℃. Then adding a certain amount of slag liquid C capable of absorbing the element cadmium into the device3H8O3KI, the height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device,
(2) the flow controller was closed and 100Kg of liquid 99.99% indium was added to the melt holding apparatus.
(3) And opening the flow rate controller, and controlling the flow rate of the indium liquid flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 0.1m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 5 cm. After the overflow device is filled with the indium liquid, the indium liquid slowly enters the slag liquid absorbing the cadmium element from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner.
(4) After a certain amount of indium liquid is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, two cooling devices at the bottom of the device are started simultaneously, and the pull rod is moved gradually to produce high-purity indium with low content of impurity elements cadmium.
Example 8 high purity indium was prepared using the apparatus shown in fig. 10.
(1) Firstly, a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device is preheated to 200 ℃, and the temperature rise program is 30min for heating to 200 ℃. Then respectively adding a certain amount of slag liquid C capable of absorbing element cadmium and element thallium into the device3H8O3KI, the height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device,
(2) the flow controller was closed and 100Kg of liquid 99.99% indium was added to the melt holding apparatus.
(3) And opening the flow rate controller, and controlling the flow rate of the indium liquid flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 10m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 5 cm. After the overflow device is filled with the indium liquid, the indium liquid slowly enters the slag liquid absorbing the cadmium element from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner.
(4) After a certain amount of indium liquid is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, two cooling devices at the bottom of the device are started, the pull rod is gradually moved, and high-purity indium with low content of impurity elements cadmium is produced.
Example 9 in continuous casting production, the inventive apparatus was placed between the tundish and the mould (fig. 3) to reduce the content of impurity elements P and oxides and sulphidic inclusions in 316L stainless steel.
(1) Firstly, a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device is preheated to 1450 ℃, the temperature rise program is that the metal melt is heated to 200 ℃ in 30min, the metal melt is heated from 200 ℃ to 1000 ℃ in 60min, and the metal melt is heated from 1000 ℃ to 1450 ℃ in 60 min. Then adding a certain amount of slag liquid 40 percent CaO-8 percent SiO into the device2-30％Fe2O3-10％FeO-4％CaF2-8％Al2O3The height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device.
(2) The flow controller was turned off and 316L stainless steel was liquefied into the tundish.
(3) And opening the flow speed controller, and controlling the flow speed of the molten steel flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 10m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 50 cm. After the molten steel is filled in the overflow device, the molten steel slowly enters the slag liquid from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner, and because the oxide inclusion and the sulfide inclusion in the melt are far smaller than the interfacial tension between the oxide inclusion and the molten steel, the oxide inclusion and the sulfide inclusion in the melt are absorbed by the molten steel, and meanwhile, the molten steel reacts with the P element in the molten steel, so that the content of the P element in the molten steel is reduced.
(4) After a certain amount of molten steel is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, a cooling device at the bottom of the device is started, and 316L stainless steel with lower contents of impurity elements P, oxides and sulfide inclusions is continuously produced.
Example 10 in the continuous casting production, the inventive apparatus was placed between the ladle and the tundish (fig. 11) to reduce the content of impurity elements P, S and oxides and sulfidic inclusions in GCr15 bearing steel.
(1) Firstly, a metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device is preheated to 1450 ℃, the temperature rising procedure is that the metal melt is heated to 200 ℃ in 30min, the metal melt is heated from 200 ℃ to 1000 ℃ in 60min, and the metal melt is heated from 1000 ℃ to 1500 ℃ in 60 min. Then adding a certain amount of slag liquid CaO-CaCl into the device2-CaC2-CaF2The height of the slag liquid is higher than that of the overflow device.
(2) The flow rate controller was closed and a 10 ton steel ladle was connected to the upper inlet tube.
(3) And opening the flow speed controller, and controlling the flow speed of the molten steel flowing into the overflow device through the inlet pipe to be 1m/s, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet pipe is 20 cm. After the molten steel is filled in the overflow device, the molten steel slowly enters the slag liquid from the outer surface of the overflow device in a lamellar manner, and because the oxide inclusion and the sulfide inclusion in the melt are far smaller than the interfacial tension between the oxide inclusion and the molten steel, the oxide inclusion and the sulfide inclusion in the melt are absorbed by the molten steel, and meanwhile, the molten steel reacts with P, S elements in the molten steel, so that the content of P, S elements in the molten steel is reduced.
(4) After a certain amount of molten steel is accumulated at the bottom of the device body, the flow rate controller is opened, and the GCr15 bearing steel with low contents of impurity elements P, S, oxides and sulfide inclusions flows into the tundish, so that high-quality molten steel is provided for subsequent continuous casting production.
Claims (10)
1. The device for purifying, purifying and microalloying the metal melt is characterized by comprising a shell (1), wherein a melt inlet (6) and a melt outlet (5) are formed in the shell (1), an overflow device (3) is arranged in the shell, and slag liquid (2) is filled between the overflow device (3) and the shell (1); the metal melt (8) to be treated is introduced into the overflow device (3) from the melt inlet (6), interacts with the slag liquid (2) after overflowing to realize purification, purification and microalloying, and then is discharged from the melt outlet.
2. A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying device as defined in claim 1, wherein the housing (1) is hollow, the melt inlet (6) being arranged at the top and the melt outlet (5) being arranged at the bottom.
3. A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the overflow (3) is arranged in the enclosure (1) in suspension.
4. A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a melt inflow device (4), the melt inflow device (4) extending into the overflow (3) through the melt inlet (6).
5. A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing (1) is externally provided with heating and temperature maintenance means (7).
6. A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that flow rate controllers (12) are provided at the melt inlet (6) and the melt outlet (5).
7. A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the melt inlet (6) is connected to a metal melt containing means (9).
8. A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the melt outlet (5) is connected to cooling means (10).
9. A metal melt purification, purification and microalloying plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the slag liquid (2) has a lower density and melting point than the metal melt.
10. A method for cleaning, purifying and micro-alloying a metal melt using the apparatus of any of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of: the metal melt to be treated is introduced into the overflow device from the melt inlet, and overflows along the outer surface of the overflow device after the overflow device is filled with the metal melt to form a metal thin layer, and the metal thin layer and the slag liquid interact with each other, so that the effects of purifying, purifying and microalloying the metal melt are achieved.
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| CN103627913A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-03-12 | 理翰应用科技有限公司 | Purification and recovery method for tin slag and recovery apparatus |
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| CN109954851A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of device and application method of tundish molten steel wash heat purification and heating |
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| CN103627913A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-03-12 | 理翰应用科技有限公司 | Purification and recovery method for tin slag and recovery apparatus |
| CN104907540A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-16 | 江苏大学 | Method for electro slag liquid state pouring continuous casting billet with molten steel flow divider |
| CN107498001A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 大连理工大学 | The pouring cup device with electromagnetism purified treatment for magnesium iron mold continuous production |
| CN207655874U (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-07-27 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of device of tundish molten steel wash heat purification and heating |
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