CN212398046U - Ingot mould casting device based on flow field control - Google Patents
Ingot mould casting device based on flow field control Download PDFInfo
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- CN212398046U CN212398046U CN202021808321.1U CN202021808321U CN212398046U CN 212398046 U CN212398046 U CN 212398046U CN 202021808321 U CN202021808321 U CN 202021808321U CN 212398046 U CN212398046 U CN 212398046U
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Abstract
An ingot mould casting device based on flow field control belongs to the field of metal material manufacturing and is mainly used for special steel down-pouring production. On the basis of the traditional die casting equipment, a die bottom argon blowing system and an immersion hood system are additionally arranged. The annular air brick is fixed at the periphery of the reflective nozzle brick at the central position of the bottom of the ingot mould, the dipping cover is connected with the lifting device, and the control of the suspension height of the dipping cover in the ingot mould is realized by the control mechanism. The utility model discloses well flooding cover's introduction, the restriction of blowing argon intensity and time at the bottom of the mould has been widened, the liquid level that has alleviateed and has blown argon and arouse is undulant, the decline flow path that the air current arouses has been optimized, thereby reduce the size of sediment eye, reduce (or eliminate) the probability of rolling up sediment and secondary oxidation, reduce (or avoid) to mix with (sediment) and be solidified the capturing of forward position dendritic crystal, the improvement is mixed with (sediment) come-up exhaust probability, reduce the rainfall of brilliant rain in the system, alleviate macrosegregation when improving steel ingot cleanliness factor, show the quality that promotes the steel ingot.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the metal material field of making relates to a special steel die casting device and application method thereof, the production of mainly used special steel formula of annotating down.
Background
As a traditional steel casting process, although die casting tends to be replaced by continuous casting year by year, the die casting is still an irreplaceable production mode of special steel ingots at present in the production field of high-value-added special steel and large steel ingots under the influence of factors such as variety characteristics, production batch and the like. With the rapid development of secondary refining technology, the cleanliness of molten steel is greatly improved, but the complete removal of impurities cannot be achieved. And during casting and steel ingot in-mold solidification, fine inclusions also have a tendency to aggregate and grow. In addition, during the pouring process of the molten steel, slag entrapment and secondary oxidation phenomena can occur to different degrees. Therefore, the control of the flowing and solidification process of the molten steel in the ingot mould is very important for the perfect embodiment of the molten steel with high cleanliness on a finished product.
Therefore, production developers propose processes such as electromagnetic stirring and mold bottom argon blowing. The electromagnetic stirring technology can realize the non-contact control of melt flow and increase the floating probability of inclusions. But requires increased capital investment, requires a large installation space, and also poses electromagnetic radiation hazards to operators. In addition, the applied electromagnetic field is obviously attenuated after penetrating through the thick and large ingot mold, and the energy consumption is large. Importantly, the process operation also faces significant challenges. Unreasonable technology can aggravate the movement of the surface of molten steel, aggravate slag entrapment and secondary oxidation, and damage the quality of steel ingots. The argon blowing process at the bottom of the mold utilizes the bubble pump effect generated by the upward floating of argon to drive molten steel in the mold to do circulating motion, thereby greatly reducing the content of impurities in steel ingots and improving the cleanliness of the steel ingots. In addition, the argon blowing can also homogenize the temperature of the molten steel, and reduce the temperature gradient in the molten steel; and the mechanical stirring effect is exerted on the molten steel, so that the overheated molten steel flows along the growth front of the dendrite to promote the fusion of the root of the dendrite, and the number of the nucleation in the liquid phase is increased. In addition, due to the scouring action of the molten steel, the heat transfer boundary layer of the solid-liquid interface is thinned, the thermal resistance between two phases is reduced, the heat transfer rate is increased, and the temperature drop of the molten steel can be promoted by the cooling action of blowing argon. The reduction of the temperature gradient in the liquid phase, the increase of the number of free crystal nuclei and the temperature drop of the molten steel can inhibit the growth of columnar crystals and enlarge equiaxed crystal areas, thereby playing the roles of reducing the macrosegregation of steel ingots and improving the internal tissues of the steel ingots. In addition, the argon blowing process equipment is simple to operate, the additional production cost is low, and the method is a more excellent choice for cost performance.
The Sigan institute of metallurgy and architecture developed a set of nozzle argon blowing devices (experimental research on die bottom argon blowing refining. steelmaking, 1987,4: 74-80). Industrial experiment research shows that the argon blowing process at the bottom of the mold can reduce the content of harmful gas in steel and improve the as-cast structure of steel ingots, thereby improving the mechanical performance of the steel and reducing the rejection rate of the steel ingots. However, the nozzle of the argon blowing device is positioned at the eccentric position of the mold bottom, and the gas flow formed by argon blowing is influenced by the resistance of the side wall of the mold, so that the stirring energy is lost, and the time for homogenizing the components and the temperature is prolonged. In addition, the cooling speed of the molten steel in the nozzle area is high, and the argon blowing device is easily blocked by a solidified blank shell, so that the argon blowing time is greatly limited. In addition, the eccentric argon blowing can not form a symmetrical flow field and a symmetrical temperature field in the molten steel, so that the solidified shell is not uniform, and the surface of the steel ingot is easy to generate crack defects.
Different from eccentric argon blowing, the central argon blowing at the tail brick of the runner (a bottom argon blowing device for a die-cast steel ingot, CN 205147262U) is not easy to generate the argon blowing blocking phenomenon caused by molten steel solidification, the argon blowing time can be properly prolonged, and the molten steel stirring effect in the ingot die is improved; and a symmetrical molten steel flow field and a symmetrical molten steel temperature field can be formed in the ingot mould, so that the internal quality of the steel ingot is improved.
However, the bottom-blowing argon technique does not substantially change the circulating flow path of the molten steel, i.e., the descending flow of the molten steel is enhanced and flows through the solidification front region, regardless of the mold bottom-blowing argon technique. Once the inclusions (slag) carried by the molten steel are captured by the dendrites, the chances of floating up and discharging are lost. For this reason, the time length of the simple mode bottom argon blowing can only be limited to the columnar crystal growth period. In addition, the actual production also puts high demands on the control of the argon blowing process (argon flow, argon pressure, argon blowing time, etc.). Argon blowing at the bottom of the mold can increase the horizontal flow velocity on the surface of molten steel to different degrees, enhance liquid level fluctuation (rolling), enlarge slag holes and intensify slag entrapment and secondary oxidation; the enhanced fluctuation of the liquid level increases the precipitation of the liquid crystal rain at the liquid level, the enhanced downflow of the liquid increases the precipitation of the side wall crystal rain, and both of these aggravate the negative segregation at the bottom. Therefore, the improvement of the quality of the steel ingot by the current argon blowing at the bottom of the mold is limited, and the technology still needs to be improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to make up the defects of the existing argon blowing process at the bottom of the mold, the utility model provides an ingot mold casting device based on flow field control and a using method thereof. An annular air brick 5 is arranged at the periphery of a reflecting nozzle brick 12 at the central position of the bottom of the ingot mould 1, and an immersion cover 8 is additionally arranged on the surface of molten steel. In the casting process, argon is introduced into the ingot mould 1 through the annular air brick 5, the liquid level of steel is stabilized by using the dipping cover 8, the flow form of a melt in the ingot mould 1 is controlled, the circular flow path is adjusted, the limitation on argon blowing strength and time is relaxed, the floating capacity of inclusion (slag) is improved, and meanwhile, the sensitivity of an argon blowing process to slag entrapment and crystal rain is reduced, so that the macrosegregation is further improved on the basis of improving the cleanliness of steel ingots.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a kind of ingot mould casting device based on flow field control, mainly used for producing the special steel in the lower pouring type, the said ingot mould casting device sets up the argon blowing system and dipping hood system for lower pouring type steel casting on the basis of traditional die casting equipment;
the argon blowing system comprises an annular air brick 5, a gas conveying pipe 6 and an argon source 7, and can drive the molten steel to circulate and purify the molten steel; the annular air brick 5 is fixed on the periphery of a bottom reflection nozzle brick 12 of the ingot mould 1 and is communicated with one end of an air delivery pipe 6, and the air delivery pipe 6 penetrates through an argon channel 4 on the mould base 2 and then is connected with an argon source 7; argon is blown into the ingot mould 1 from the center of the ingot mould 1 from bottom to top through the annular air brick 5 after passing through the air delivery pipe 6 from the argon source 7.
The dipping hood system comprises a dipping hood 8, a lifting device 9 and a control mechanism 10, and can stabilize the liquid level of molten steel and adjust the circulation path of the molten steel. The top of the dipping cover 8 extends into the molten steel in the ingot mould 1 from the top of the ingot mould 1, the top of the dipping cover 8 is connected with a lifting device 9, the lifting device 9 is connected with a control mechanism 10, and the control mechanism 10 realizes the control of the suspension height of the dipping cover 8 in the ingot mould 1.
The argon blowing system and the dipping cover system are additionally arranged on the basis of the traditional die casting equipment.
Further, the position of the immersion hood 8 in the ingot mold 1 is adjusted in real time through the control mechanism 10, so that the immersion hood is synchronously lifted along with the liquid level of the molten steel, and the depth of the immersion hood inserted into the molten steel is kept at 10-40 cm (after the immersion hood 8 is inserted into the molten steel, the distance between the bottom surface of the immersion hood and the liquid level is 10-40 cm).
Furthermore, the material of the dipping cover 8 is refractory material, and the shape of the cover body of the dipping cover 8 has two forms: straight tube type and inverted funnel type: the straight cylinder type dipping cover 8 is of a circular ring structure, and the wall surface of the straight cylinder type dipping cover is provided with a hoisting hole for being connected with the lifting device 9. The inverted funnel-shaped dipping hood 8 comprises a top ring, a middle transition section and a bottom ring structure, wherein a hoisting hole is formed in the top ring and is used for being connected with the lifting device 9.
The using method of the ingot mould casting device based on the flow field control comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the lifting device 9 is controlled by the control mechanism 10 to suspend the drying and preheating dipping cover 8 in the ingot mould 1.
The second step is that: argon is pre-blown by an argon blowing system before casting, so that the air passage of the annular air brick 5 is ensured to be smooth, the air in the ingot mould 1 is discharged, and an inert atmosphere is formed in the ingot mould 1.
The third step: and in the casting process, blowing argon is kept, and molten steel casting is carried out.
The fourth step: after casting, along with the rise of the liquid level of the molten steel in the ingot mould 1, the position of the dipping cover 8 is adjusted through the control mechanism 10, and the depth of the dipping cover inserted into the molten steel is guaranteed to be kept at 10-40 cm.
The fifth step: and (5) finishing pouring, and stopping argon blowing after the steel ingot is solidified for a period of time. The time point of stopping argon blowing is prolonged from the columnar crystal formation period of the simple argon blowing process to the growth period of the bifurcation dendrite, namely the time point of stopping argon blowing can be prolonged to the growth period of the bifurcation dendrite.
And a sixth step: the dipping cap 8 is lifted and taken out by the control mechanism 10 until the molten steel is completely solidified.
The utility model discloses an effect and benefit do:
on the basis of the advantages of the traditional simple mold bottom argon blowing technology, the utility model reduces the liquid level fluctuation caused by the mold bottom argon blowing through the additionally arranged impregnation cover 8, widens the limit of the mold bottom argon blowing intensity and time, and improves the stability of the steel liquid level (as shown in figure 4); the restraining effect of the immersion hood 8 on the mold flux can reduce (or eliminate) the size of the slag hole. In addition, the adjustment of the downflow path caused by the argon flow can prevent the molten steel from flowing through the solidification front region (as shown in FIG. 4). The improvement of the stability of the steel liquid surface reduces the rainfall of liquid surface crystal rain, and in addition, the combined action of blowing argon at the bottom of the die to destroy the primary crystal accumulation at the bottom reduces the negative segregation at the bottom of the steel ingot, thereby improving the integral macro segregation of the steel ingot. The stabilization of the steel liquid level and the control of slag holes reduce (or eliminate) the probability of slag entrapment and secondary oxidation. The control of the descending flow path enables the impurity (slag) carrying molten steel to flow into a high-temperature area, so that the precipitation amount of the side wall crystal rain is reduced, and simultaneously, the impurity (slag) can be reduced (or avoided) to be captured by dendritic crystals at the solidification front, and the floating discharge probability of the liquid is improved.
In conclusion, the method can obviously improve the quality of the steel ingot in the aspects of improving the cleanliness of the steel ingot and lightening the macrosegregation. It should be noted that the use of the present invention has no influence on the adding operation of the covering slag, the covering agent and the exothermic agent, and the production operation can still adopt the traditional production process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ingot mold casting apparatus based on flow field control;
figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ingot mold and the mold base.
In the figure: 1, an ingot mould; 2, a die holder; 3, soup channel; 4, an argon channel; 5, annular air bricks; 6, a gas conveying pipe; 7, argon source; 8, dipping a cover; 9 a lifting device; 10 a control mechanism; a runner brick 11; reflecting the nozzle brick 12.
Fig. 3 is two forms of impregnation hood 8: FIG. 3(a) is a straight tube type, and FIG. 3(b) is an inverted funnel type.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the behavior of the molten steel surface and the circulation path of the melt in the ingot mold under the condition of the argon blowing process at the bottom of the mold. Fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of molten steel surface behavior and melt circulation path in the ingot mold under the simple mold bottom argon blowing process, and fig. 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the molten steel surface behavior and melt circulation path in the ingot mold.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
A steel ingot mould casting device based on flow field control is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a steel ingot mould 1, a mould base 2, a runner 3, an argon channel 4, an annular air brick 5, a gas pipe 6, an argon gas source 7, an immersion cover 8, a lifting device 9, a control mechanism 10, a runner brick 11 and a reflecting nozzle brick 12; wherein the annular air brick 5, the gas pipe 6 and the argon source 7 form an argon blowing system for down-pouring type steel pouring; the dipping cover system is composed of the dipping cover 8, the lifting device 9 and the control mechanism 10, wherein the argon blowing system and the dipping cover system are additionally arranged on the basis of the traditional die casting equipment. The utility model discloses well flooding cover's introduction, the restriction of blowing argon intensity and time at the bottom of the mould has been widened, the liquid level that has alleviateed and has blown argon and arouse is undulant, the decline flow path that the air current arouses has been optimized, thereby reduce the size of sediment eye, reduce (or eliminate) the probability of rolling up sediment and secondary oxidation, reduce (or avoid) to mix with (sediment) and be solidified the capturing of forward position dendritic crystal, the improvement is mixed with (sediment) come-up exhaust probability, reduce the rainfall of brilliant rain in the system, alleviate macrosegregation when improving steel ingot cleanliness factor, show the quality that promotes the steel ingot.
The ingot mould 1 is of a hollow structure and is positioned above the mould seat 2; the die holder 2 is provided with a soup channel 3 and an argon channel 4, wherein the argon channel 4 is used for placing a gas conveying pipe 6. The runner brick 11 is arranged in the runner 3 and communicated with a reflective nozzle brick 12 at the bottom of the ingot mould 1 for guiding molten steel to enter the ingot mould 1. The annular air brick 5 is fixed on the periphery of the bottom reflection nozzle brick 12 of the ingot mould 1 and communicated with one end of the air delivery pipe 6, and the air delivery pipe 6 penetrates through the argon channel 4 and then is connected with the argon source 7. The dipping cover 8 extends into the molten steel in the ingot mould 1 from the top of the ingot mould 1, the dipping cover 8 is connected with the lifting device 9, the lifting device 9 is connected with the control mechanism 10, and the control mechanism 10 realizes the control of the suspension height of the dipping cover 8 in the ingot mould 1. The position of the dipping hood 8 in the ingot mould 1 is adjusted in real time through a control mechanism 10, so that the dipping hood is synchronously lifted along with the liquid level of molten steel.
The utility model discloses an implement the step as follows: the drying preheated dipping hood 8 is suspended in the ingot mould 1 by a control mechanism 10. Argon is pre-blown before casting, the air passage of the annular air brick 5 is ensured to be smooth, air in the ingot mould 1 is exhausted, and an inert atmosphere is formed in the ingot mould 1. And keeping blowing argon, and pouring molten steel. After casting, the position of the dipping cover 8 is adjusted along with the rise of the liquid level in the ingot mould 1, and the depth of the dipping cover inserted into molten steel is kept at 10-40 cm. And (5) finishing pouring, and stopping argon blowing after the steel ingot is solidified for a period of time. The argon blowing stopping time can be prolonged from the columnar crystal forming period of the simple argon blowing process to the branch dendritic crystal growing period. The dipping cap 8 is lifted and taken out by the control mechanism 10 until the molten steel is completely solidified.
The technical solution and effects of the present invention are further explained by two specific examples below.
Example 1, 60t large ingot casting.
The drying preheated dipping hood 8 is suspended in the ingot mould 1 by a control mechanism 10. Opening an argon valve 5 minutes before casting, pre-blowing argon to ensure the smooth gas path of the annular air brick 5, removing the air in the ingot mould 1, and forming inert atmosphere in the ingot mould 1. And keeping blowing argon, and pouring molten steel. After casting, the position of the dipping cover 8 is adjusted along with the rise of the liquid level in the ingot mould 1, and the depth of the dipping cover inserted into molten steel is ensured to be kept at 30 cm. And finishing pouring, and closing an argon valve after 25 minutes. And lifting and taking out the dipping cover 8 until the molten steel is completely solidified. The material of the immersion hood 8 described in example 1 is a refractory material, and the shape of the hood body of the immersion hood 8 is a straight tubular shape, as shown in fig. 3 (a).
Example 2, 20t ingot casting.
The drying preheated dipping hood 8 is suspended in the ingot mould 1 by a control mechanism 10. Opening an argon valve 3 minutes before casting, pre-blowing argon, ensuring the smooth gas path of the annular air brick 5, removing the air in the ingot mould 1, and forming inert atmosphere in the ingot mould 1. And keeping blowing argon, and pouring molten steel. After casting, the position of the dipping cover 8 is adjusted along with the rise of the liquid level in the ingot mould 1, and the depth of the dipping cover inserted into the molten steel is ensured to be kept at 20 cm. The casting was finished and the argon valve was closed after 15 minutes. And lifting and taking out the dipping cover 8 until the molten steel is completely solidified. The material of the impregnation hood 8 described in example 2 is a refractory material, and the shape of the hood body of the impregnation hood 8 is an inverted funnel shape, as shown in fig. 3 (b).
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent the embodiments of the present invention, but can not be understood as the limitation of the scope of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A kind of ingot mould casting device based on flow field control, is mainly used in the production of special steel of the pouring type, characterized by that, the said ingot mould casting device sets up and pours the argon blowing system and soaks the cover system for steel on the basis of traditional die casting equipment in the pouring type;
the argon blowing system comprises an annular air brick (5), a gas conveying pipe (6) and an argon source (7), and drives the molten steel to circulate and purify the molten steel; the annular air brick (5) is fixed on the periphery of a bottom reflection nozzle brick (12) of the ingot mould (1) and is communicated with one end of an air delivery pipe (6), and the air delivery pipe (6) penetrates through an argon channel (4) on the mould base (2) and then is connected with an argon source (7); argon is blown into the ingot mould (1) from the center of the ingot mould (1) from bottom to top by an annular air brick (5) after passing through a gas transmission pipe (6) from an argon source (7);
the dipping hood system comprises a dipping hood (8), a lifting device (9) and a control mechanism (10), and is used for stabilizing the liquid level of molten steel and adjusting the circulation path of the molten steel; the dipping cover (8) extends into the molten steel in the ingot mould (1) from the top of the ingot mould (1), the dipping cover (8) is connected with the lifting device (9), the lifting device (9) is connected with the control mechanism (10), and the control mechanism (10) realizes the control of the suspension height of the dipping cover (8) in the ingot mould (1).
2. The ingot mold casting device based on flow field control according to claim 1, wherein the position of the immersion hood (8) in the ingot mold (1) is adjusted in real time by the control mechanism (10) to be lifted synchronously with the liquid level of the molten steel and to ensure that the depth of the immersion hood inserted into the molten steel is maintained at 10-40 cm.
3. An ingot mould casting apparatus based on flow field control according to claim 1, characterised in that the immersion hood (8) is made of refractory material.
4. An ingot mould casting apparatus based on flow field control according to claim 1, characterised in that the shape of the immersion hood (8) has two forms: straight tube type and inverted funnel type.
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| CN202021808321.1U CN212398046U (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Ingot mould casting device based on flow field control |
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| CN202021808321.1U CN212398046U (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Ingot mould casting device based on flow field control |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111842819A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-10-30 | 安徽林洪重工科技有限公司 | Ingot mold casting device based on flow field control and using method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-08-26 CN CN202021808321.1U patent/CN212398046U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111842819A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-10-30 | 安徽林洪重工科技有限公司 | Ingot mold casting device based on flow field control and using method thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20210126 |