CN111451969A - Annular centripetal fixture with shape self-adaptive capacity - Google Patents

Annular centripetal fixture with shape self-adaptive capacity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111451969A
CN111451969A CN202010414351.2A CN202010414351A CN111451969A CN 111451969 A CN111451969 A CN 111451969A CN 202010414351 A CN202010414351 A CN 202010414351A CN 111451969 A CN111451969 A CN 111451969A
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China
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cylinder
convex
inner hole
short shaft
joint bearing
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CN202010414351.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111451969B (en
Inventor
姚双吉
赵丁选
员荣祥
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QINHUANGDAO HONGXIANG WELDING INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd.
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Yanshan University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
    • B25B11/02Assembly jigs

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape self-adaption capability. The lower surface of the upper cylinder is a concave spherical surface, the upper surface of the lower cylinder is a convex spherical surface, and the concave spherical surface and the convex spherical surface are in spherical contact connection; the inner hole of the convex-shaped sleeve is connected with the outer ring of the upper joint bearing, the inner ring of the upper joint bearing is connected with the outer surface of the T-shaped short shaft extending end, and the butterfly gasket is positioned between the lower surface of the large opening end of the convex-shaped sleeve and the upper surface of the boss. The inner surface of the inner hole of the lower cylinder is connected with the outer ring of the lower joint bearing, and the inner ring of the lower joint bearing is connected with the outer surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft. The bolt is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft through a gasket. The invention realizes flexible contact and rigid clamping of the workpiece by self-adapting the surface of the clamped object, thereby not only protecting the surface of the workpiece from being scratched, but also realizing high-precision motion.

Description

Annular centripetal fixture with shape self-adaptive capacity
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tool fixtures, in particular to a ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape self-adaption capability.
Background
In the machining process, the clamp plays an indispensable important role in the mechanical field, the part to be machined needs to be positioned and locked, the positioning is used for ensuring the precision of the part to be machined, and the locking can prevent the part to be machined from flying out in the machining process so as to prevent accidents. If the clamping force is too large, the part to be processed is easy to damage; the clamping force is uneven, and the positioning effect of the part to be processed is poor.
However, the tooling in the prior art is usually specially made for tooling, one type of tooling can only be fixed and adjusted by using a specific tooling fixture, and the universality is poor.
With the rapid development of scientific industry, the industrial manufacturing technology makes revolutionary breakthrough, the performance of corresponding equipment for machining, manufacturing, detection, experiments and the like is stronger and stronger, but the clamping of workpieces or parts matched with the equipment is not adaptive to progress, along with the implementation of various projects, the clamping requirements for machining, detection, movement, fixation and the like of large parts and parts are more and more prominent, the clamping efficiency of the traditional clamp is not high, the operation is inconvenient, and the requirements are difficult to meet. The traditional clamp is inconvenient to operate, poor in flexibility, poor in precision and low in efficiency, lacks of safety, and is easy to damage the surface of a workpiece; in order to solve this problem, intensive studies have been necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the annular centripetal fixture with the shape self-adaption capability, which is mainly characterized in that the self-adaption adjustment of the fixture is adopted, so that each clamping point is uniformly stressed, the safety coefficient is improved, the surface of a workpiece to be machined is protected from being scratched, and the high-precision motion can be realized.
The invention provides a ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape self-adaption capability. The shapes of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are both of pie structures, the lower surface of the upper cylinder is a concave spherical surface, the upper surface of the lower cylinder is a convex spherical surface, and the concave spherical surface of the upper cylinder and the convex spherical surface of the lower cylinder are in spherical contact connection; the position that the hole of going up the cylinder is close to the lower surface is equipped with the boss, the position that the hole of lower cylinder is close to the upper surface is equipped with the boss, the shape of protruding font sleeve is invertd in the hole of going up the cylinder, the telescopic macrostoma of shape of protruding font mouthful the surface with the internal surface connection of going up the cylinder hole, the telescopic hole of shape of protruding font with go up joint bearing outer lane and connect, go up joint bearing inner circle with the surface connection that the end was stretched out to T style of calligraphy minor axis, butterfly gasket is located the lower surface of the telescopic macrostoma of shape of protruding font with between the upper surface of boss, the hole of butterfly gasket with the surface connection of the little mouth of shape of protruding font sleeve. The upper end of the lower knuckle bearing is in contact connection with the lower surface of a boss of the lower cylinder, the inner surface of an inner hole of the lower cylinder is connected with the outer ring of the lower knuckle bearing, the inner ring of the lower knuckle bearing is connected with the outer surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft, and the symmetrical end of the T-shaped short shaft is positioned at the lower end of the lower cylinder; the bolt is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft through a gasket.
Preferably, the upper knuckle bearing, the butterfly gasket and the convex sleeve are all located in an inner hole of the upper cylinder, the lower knuckle bearing is located in an inner hole of the lower cylinder, the T-shaped short shaft is located in inner holes of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder, and the height of the T-shaped short shaft is smaller than the sum of the heights of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder; from the upper surface of the upper cylinder to the lower surface of the lower cylinder, a convex sleeve, an upper joint bearing, a butterfly gasket and a lower joint bearing are sequentially distributed in the inner hole of the cylinder.
Preferably, the inner hole of the upper cylinder is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the butterfly gasket, the inner hole of the butterfly gasket is in clearance fit with the convex sleeve, the convex sleeve is in over fit with the outer ring of the upper joint bearing, and the inner ring of the upper joint bearing is in over fit with the outer surface of the T-shaped short shaft extension end.
Preferably, the inner hole of the lower cylinder is in over-fit with the outer ring of the lower knuckle bearing, and the outer surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft is in over-fit with the inner ring of the lower knuckle bearing.
Preferably, the axes of the upper cylinder, the upper spherical plain bearing and the convex-shaped sleeve are on the same straight line, and the axes of the lower cylinder, the lower spherical plain bearing, the T-shaped short shaft, the spacer and the bolt are on the same straight line.
Preferably, the concave spherical surface of the upper cylinder and the convex spherical surface of the lower cylinder are matched and matched with each other completely, and a spherical kinematic pair is formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the self-adaptive adjustment capability is strong. By adopting the cooperation of the spherical kinematic pair and the two joint bearings, the fixture can perform deflection motion to a certain degree, and each fixture can effectively contact with a working surface to perform self-adaptation on the surface of a clamped object.
2. Multi-point clamping and uniform stress. The clamp is uniformly distributed around the ring clamping device, and the number of the clamp is 6 or 8, so that the stress of each clamping point is uniform, and the safety is high.
3. The safety coefficient is high and the precision is high. Due to the fact that self-adaptive adjustment can be carried out, flexible contact on an object is achieved, and the surface of a workpiece is protected from being scratched; rigid clamping of the workpiece is realized after flexible contact, and then high-precision movement can be realized in the process that the workpiece is processed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape adaptive capability according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape-adaptive capability according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape-adaptive capability according to the present invention; and
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the annular clamp with shape self-adaptive ability and the annular clamping device of the present invention.
The main reference numbers:
the device comprises an upper cylinder 1, a lower cylinder 2, a convex spherical surface 3, an upper joint bearing outer ring 4, an upper joint bearing inner ring 5, a lower joint bearing outer ring 6, a lower joint bearing inner ring 7, a T-shaped short shaft 8, a boss 9, a gasket 10, a bolt 11, a butterfly gasket 12, a convex sleeve 13, a concave spherical surface 14, a bolt hole 15, a first annular clamping body 16, a self-adaptive annular centripetal clamp 17, a second annular clamping body 18 and a workpiece 19.
Detailed Description
The technical contents, structural features, attained objects and effects of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape self-adaption capability is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises an upper cylinder 1, a lower cylinder 2, an upper knuckle bearing, a lower knuckle bearing, a T-shaped short shaft 8, a gasket 10, a bolt 11, a butterfly gasket 12 and a convex sleeve 13.
The shapes of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 are both cake-shaped structures, the lower surface of the upper cylinder 1 is a concave spherical surface 14, the upper surface of the lower cylinder 2 is a convex spherical surface 3, and the concave spherical surface 14 of the upper cylinder 1 and the convex spherical surface 3 of the lower cylinder 2 are in spherical contact connection; the position that the hole of going up cylinder 1 is close to the lower surface is equipped with boss 9, the position that the hole of lower cylinder 2 is close to the upper surface is equipped with boss 9, type sleeve 13 of protruding font is invertd in the hole of last cylinder 1, the surface of the big mouth end of type sleeve 13 of protruding font is connected with the internal surface of the hole of last cylinder 1, the hole and the last joint bearing outer lane 4 of type sleeve 13 of protruding font are connected, go up joint bearing inner circle 5 and the surface connection of the end that stretches out of T style of calligraphy minor axis 8, butterfly gasket 12 is located between the lower surface of type sleeve 13 big mouth end and the upper surface of boss 9, the hole and the surface connection of type sleeve 13 little mouth end of protruding font of butterfly gasket 12, butterfly gasket 12 plays a bearing effect.
The upper end of the lower joint bearing is in contact connection with the lower surface of a boss 9 of the lower cylinder 2, the inner surface of an inner hole of the lower cylinder 2 is connected with an outer ring 6 of the lower joint bearing, an inner ring 7 of the lower joint bearing is connected with the outer surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft 8, and the symmetrical end of the T-shaped short shaft 8 is positioned at the lower end of the lower cylinder 2; the bolt 11 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft 8 through the gasket 10, and the bolt 11, the gasket 10 and the T-shaped short shaft 8 with the threaded hole inside play a main connecting role in the set of the clamp.
As shown in fig. 3, the upper knuckle bearing, the butterfly washer 12 and the convex sleeve 13 are all positioned in the inner hole of the upper cylinder 1, the lower knuckle bearing is positioned in the inner hole of the lower cylinder 2, the T-shaped short shaft 8 is positioned in the inner holes of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2, and the height of the T-shaped short shaft 8 is less than the sum of the heights of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2; from the upper surface of the upper cylinder 1 to the lower surface of the lower cylinder 2, a convex sleeve 13, an upper joint bearing, a butterfly-shaped gasket 12 and a lower joint bearing are distributed in the inner hole of the cylinder in sequence.
As shown in fig. 3, the inner hole of the upper cylinder 1 is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the butterfly gasket 12, the inner hole of the butterfly gasket 12 is in clearance fit with the convex sleeve 13, the convex sleeve 13 is in over fit with the upper joint bearing outer ring 4, and the upper joint bearing inner ring 5 is in over fit with the outer surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft 8.
The inner hole of the lower cylinder 2 is in over-fit with the outer ring 6 of the lower knuckle bearing, and the outer surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft 8 is in over-fit with the inner ring 7 of the lower knuckle bearing.
The axes of the upper cylinder 1, the upper joint bearing and the convex sleeve 13 are on the same straight line, and the axes of the lower cylinder 2, the lower joint bearing, the T-shaped short shaft 8, the gasket 10 and the bolt 11 are on the same straight line.
The concave spherical surface 14 of the upper cylinder 1 and the convex spherical surface 3 of the lower cylinder 2 are matched and matched completely, and a spherical kinematic pair is formed.
The ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape self-adaptive capability according to the present invention is further described with reference to the following embodiments:
the main body for realizing the self-adaptive function of the invention mainly comprises a spherical kinematic pair, an upper joint bearing and a lower joint bearing, wherein the spherical kinematic pair is composed of a concave spherical surface 14 and a convex spherical surface 3. The self-adaptive annular centripetal fixture 17 can be arranged on the circumferences of the first annular clamping body 16 and the second annular clamping body 18, and the self-adaptive annular centripetal fixture 17 is uniformly distributed on the circumference of the annular centripetal clamping fixture, is clamped at multiple points and is uniformly stressed. The annular centripetal clamping fixture is used for clamping a workpiece close to a cylinder or a cylinder, and flexible contact and rigid clamping of the workpiece 19 are realized through self-adaptive adjustment of the fixture, so that the surface of the workpiece is prevented from being accidentally injured in the clamping process, and the safety and the precision in the machining process are improved.
Before the adaptive annular centripetal fixture 17 is used, the fixture is equipped to ensure that the adaptive capacity can be adjusted during application. First, the T-shaped stub shaft 8 and the lower joint bearing inner ring 7 are excessively fitted and assembled, and then, the lower joint bearing outer ring 6 and the inner surface of the lower cylinder 2 are excessively fitted and assembled, and at this time, the lower cylinder 2, the lower joint bearing outer ring 6, the lower joint bearing inner ring 7, and the T-shaped stub shaft 8 are integrated, thereby completing the equipment of the lower half portion.
Assembling the upper half part, namely firstly, placing the butterfly-shaped gasket 12 on the boss 9 of the inner ring of the upper cylinder 1 to enable the butterfly-shaped gasket 12 to play a bearing role; and then, placing the convex sleeve 13 on the butterfly gasket 12 to enable the convex sleeve 13 to play a role of pressing the butterfly gasket 12, enabling the convex sleeve 13 and the butterfly gasket 12 to be in clearance fit, finally, assembling the upper joint bearing outer ring 4 and the inner surface of the convex sleeve 13 through over fit, assembling the whole body consisting of the lower cylinder 2, the lower joint bearing outer ring 6, the lower joint bearing inner ring 7 and the T-shaped short shaft 8 from the upper part to the upper joint bearing inner ring 5 from the lower part, assembling the T-shaped short shaft 8 and the upper joint bearing inner ring 5 through over fit, finally, adding the gasket 10 on the upper cylinder 1, screwing the bolt 11, and finishing the assembly of the whole clamp.
At this time, the concave spherical surface 14 of the upper cylinder 1 and the convex spherical surface 3 of the lower cylinder 2 are tightly attached together to form a spherical kinematic pair; the spherical kinematic pair and the spherical kinematic pairs of the upper and lower joint bearings are used for self-adaptive adjustment of the posture of the self-adaptive annular centripetal fixture 17.
When the butterfly gasket 12 is installed, a certain compression amount exists in advance, the concave spherical surface 14 of the upper cylinder 1 and the convex spherical surface 3 of the lower cylinder 2 are tightly attached together, when the clamping contact surface of the lower cylinder 2 clamps an object, the influence of the surface shape of the object is likely to be received, the butt joint spherical surfaces of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 can move relatively, the movement can drive the T-shaped short shaft 8 to shift, the central distance between the upper joint bearing and the lower joint bearing is forced to be enlarged, and the butterfly gasket 12 is further compressed at the moment to adapt to the surface of the clamped object, so that the high precision and the safety of clamping are ensured. After the clamping is finished, the butterfly-shaped gasket 12 needs to be restored to the length and the compression amount of the initial installation state, and the abutting spherical surfaces of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are also restored to the initial state without relative movement, so that the next object clamping is facilitated.
After the self-adaptive annular centripetal fixture 17 is assembled, the self-adaptive annular centripetal fixture 17 is matched with the annular clamping body for better exerting the self-adaptive capacity of the self-adaptive annular centripetal fixture. As shown in fig. 4, first, the second annular clamping body 18 is used as an initial holding fixture for holding the workpiece 19, and the clamping surface of the adaptive centripetal fixture 17 is adjusted to be adapted to the side surface of the workpiece 19; then, on the inner surface of the second annular clamping body 18, the adaptive annular centripetal clamps 17 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, the number of the adaptive annular centripetal clamps is preferably 3 or 4, and similarly, the adaptive annular centripetal clamps 17 with the same number as that on the second annular clamping body 18 are arranged on the inner surface of the first annular clamping body 16; finally, the first annular clamping body 16 and the second annular clamping body 18 are buckled and fixedly connected through the bolt holes 15 and the corresponding bolts to form an integral clamping device for the workpiece 19; through the spherical kinematic pair and the upper and lower joint bearings in the self-adaptive annular centripetal fixture 17, the self-adaptive annular centripetal fixture 17 is adapted to the surface of a workpiece 19 in the machining process as much as possible, so that the workpiece 19 is more stable in the machining process, each clamping point is uniformly stressed, the safety is high, and the surface of the workpiece is protected from being scratched by virtue of flexible contact with the workpiece.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A ring-mounted centripetal fixture with shape self-adaptive capacity comprises an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, an upper joint bearing, a lower joint bearing, a T-shaped short shaft, a gasket, a bolt, a butterfly gasket and a convex sleeve, and is characterized in that,
the shapes of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are both of pie structures, the lower surface of the upper cylinder is a concave spherical surface, the upper surface of the lower cylinder is a convex spherical surface, and the concave spherical surface of the upper cylinder and the convex spherical surface of the lower cylinder are in spherical contact connection; the position of the inner hole of the upper cylinder, which is close to the lower surface, is provided with a boss, the position of the inner hole of the lower cylinder, which is close to the upper surface, is provided with a boss, the convex-shaped sleeve is inverted in the inner hole of the upper cylinder, the outer surface of the large opening end of the convex-shaped sleeve is connected with the inner surface of the inner hole of the upper cylinder, the inner hole of the convex-shaped sleeve is connected with the outer ring of the upper joint bearing, the inner ring of the upper joint bearing is connected with the outer surface of the T-shaped short shaft extension end, the butterfly gasket is positioned between the lower surface of the large opening end of the convex-shaped sleeve and the upper surface of the boss, and the inner hole of the butterfly gasket; and
the upper end of the lower knuckle bearing is in contact connection with the lower surface of a boss of the lower cylinder, the inner surface of an inner hole of the lower cylinder is connected with the outer ring of the lower knuckle bearing, the inner ring of the lower knuckle bearing is connected with the outer surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft, and the symmetrical end of the T-shaped short shaft is positioned at the lower end of the lower cylinder; the bolt is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft through a gasket.
2. A form-adaptive annular centripetal fixture according to claim 1, wherein said upper spherical plain bearing, said butterfly washer and said convex-shaped sleeve are located in an inner hole of said upper cylinder, said lower spherical plain bearing is located in an inner hole of said lower cylinder, said T-shaped short shaft is located in inner holes of said upper cylinder and said lower cylinder, and said T-shaped short shaft has a height smaller than the sum of the heights of said upper cylinder and said lower cylinder; from the upper surface of the upper cylinder to the lower surface of the lower cylinder, a convex sleeve, an upper joint bearing, a butterfly gasket and a lower joint bearing are sequentially distributed in the inner hole of the cylinder.
3. The annular centripetal fixture with the shape self-adaption capability according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner hole of the upper cylinder is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the butterfly gasket, the inner hole of the butterfly gasket is in clearance fit with the convex sleeve, the convex sleeve is in over-fit with the outer ring of the upper joint bearing, and the inner ring of the upper joint bearing is in over-fit with the outer surface of the T-shaped short shaft extension end.
4. The annular centripetal fixture with the shape self-adaption capability according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an excessive fit exists between an inner hole of the lower cylinder and the outer ring of the lower knuckle bearing, and an excessive fit exists between the outer surface of the extending end of the T-shaped short shaft and the inner ring of the lower knuckle bearing.
5. A shape adaptive annular centripetal fixture according to claim 3, wherein the axes of said upper cylinder, said upper spherical plain bearing and said convex sleeve are on the same line, and the axes of said lower cylinder, said lower spherical plain bearing, said T-shaped stub shaft, said spacer and said bolt are on the same line.
6. A shape adaptive annular centripetal fixture according to claim 1, wherein said concave spherical surface of said upper cylinder and said convex spherical surface of said lower cylinder have two contact surfaces matching and matching completely to form a spherical kinematic pair.
CN202010414351.2A 2020-05-15 2020-05-15 Annular centripetal clamp with shape self-adaptive capacity Active CN111451969B (en)

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CN111451969B CN111451969B (en) 2021-02-26

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030078170A (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-08 주식회사 만도 Floating jig for hornning of valve body
CN202185604U (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-04-11 湖北三江航天万峰科技发展有限公司 Deformation-preventive self-adaptation clamping device for precision processing of thin-walled sleeves
CN103612129A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-03-05 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 Adaptive deformation-resistant supporting fixture
CN204108710U (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-01-21 中国十九冶集团有限公司 Self-adaptive flat tongs
CN104842187A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-08-19 河南科技大学 Self-adaptive clamping mechanism
CN106826550A (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-13 温岭市明华齿轮有限公司 Duplex bearing positioning fixture
CN107309686A (en) * 2017-08-11 2017-11-03 重庆真测科技股份有限公司 Large-scale workpiece clamping device and grasping system
CN108994645A (en) * 2018-09-19 2018-12-14 西京学院 A kind of adaptive support device for thin-walled parts Milling Process

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030078170A (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-08 주식회사 만도 Floating jig for hornning of valve body
CN202185604U (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-04-11 湖北三江航天万峰科技发展有限公司 Deformation-preventive self-adaptation clamping device for precision processing of thin-walled sleeves
CN103612129A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-03-05 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 Adaptive deformation-resistant supporting fixture
CN204108710U (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-01-21 中国十九冶集团有限公司 Self-adaptive flat tongs
CN104842187A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-08-19 河南科技大学 Self-adaptive clamping mechanism
CN106826550A (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-13 温岭市明华齿轮有限公司 Duplex bearing positioning fixture
CN107309686A (en) * 2017-08-11 2017-11-03 重庆真测科技股份有限公司 Large-scale workpiece clamping device and grasping system
CN108994645A (en) * 2018-09-19 2018-12-14 西京学院 A kind of adaptive support device for thin-walled parts Milling Process

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