CN107939808B

CN107939808B - Hexagonal slotting self-locking nut

Info

Publication number: CN107939808B
Application number: CN201711274777.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王燕芳; 王修保; 宁广西; 张晓斌; 万冰华; 杨知硕; 甘美
Original assignee: Aerospace Precision Products Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aerospace Precision Products Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-06
Filing date: 2017-12-06
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-06
Also published as: CN107939808A

Abstract

The invention provides a hexagonal slotted self-locking nut, wherein a nut body surrounds a central axis to form a central through hole along the axis, threads are arranged in the central through hole, the tail part of the nut body is a locking part formed by six hexagonal lobes which are uniformly distributed around the axis, spacing grooves are formed between adjacent hexagonal lobes, the threads are arranged on the inner side faces of the hexagonal lobes, the shape of the cross section of a solid formed by surrounding the outer peripheral surfaces of the hexagonal lobes is similar to a hexagon, the positions of the spacing grooves on the cross section are positioned at the corners of the hexagon, and the hexagonal lobes are obliquely tightened from the root to the tail end to the side of the central axis. Further, the middle part of the hexagonal valve on the cross section is provided with a bulge facing the inner side. The invention has high cycle locking capability, high vibration resistance and strong adaptability to installation parts.

Description

Hexagonal slotting self-locking nut

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fastener design and manufacture, and particularly relates to a novel hexagonal slotted self-locking nut.

Background

Self-locking nuts are often used in the field of mechanical equipment installation, but the self-locking cycle period of the conventional self-locking nut is low, and the self-locking cycle period is usually only 5-15 times. The vibration resistance is also poor, and is usually 1500-. With the development of novel equipment in the aerospace field of China, a self-locking nut which can provide high-cycle locking performance and high vibration resistance is urgently needed. In addition, the installation positions on aerospace general equipment and key equipment are inclined planes with certain inclination angles, and the installation requirements of the special positions are difficult to meet by the conventional self-locking nut.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a hexagonal slotted self-locking nut which has high periodic cycle locking capacity, high vibration resistance and strong adaptability to installation positions.

According to the hexagonal slotted self-locking nut, a nut body surrounds a central shaft to form a central through hole along the shaft, threads are arranged in the central through hole, the tail of the nut body is a locking part formed by six hexagonal lobes which are uniformly distributed around the shaft, spacing grooves are formed between adjacent hexagonal lobes, the threads are arranged on the inner side faces of the hexagonal lobes, the cross section of a solid formed by surrounding the outer peripheral faces of the hexagonal lobes is similar to a hexagon, the positions of the spacing grooves on the cross section are located at the corners of the hexagon, and the hexagonal lobes are obliquely tightened from the root to the tail end to the central shaft; the locking part is characterized in that a head is connected to the front of the locking part, a transition connecting part is arranged on the head, and the locking part is in transition connection with the head through the transition connecting part.

Further, the middle part of the hexagonal valve on the cross section is provided with a bulge facing the inner side.

The groove bottom surface of the spacing groove is arc-shaped.

Wherein, the transition connecting part is a transition arc surface.

Wherein, the head main body is in a hexagonal column shape.

Wherein, the head center is equipped with the holding tank from the terminal surface inwards.

The nut of the invention is designed in an integrated manner.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the design of the locking part solves the problems that the cycle locking period of the common self-locking nut is short (only 5-15 times), and the cycle period of high-load and low-load vibration is low (only 1500-100000 times), realizes the cycle locking capacity of high period (400-1000 times), and the vibration resistance (high-load and low-load 60000-100000 times), and improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency; (2) the design of the head transition connecting part effectively reduces stress concentration of the connecting part caused by structural difference, improves the strength and fatigue resistance of the nut and prolongs the service life of the nut; (3) the design of the dismounting driving part can assist the performance of high nuts and effectively protect the mounting surface; (4) the design of the head accommodating groove eliminates the mounting defect caused by uneven mounting part; (5) the design of universal sphere makes the nut installation adaptability strong, can satisfy the problem of installing on plane and inclined plane simultaneously.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1-1 is a right side view, 1-2 is a front view, 1-3 is a cross-sectional view, and 1-4 is a top view;

FIGS. 2-3 are perspective views of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1-1 is a right side view, 1-2 is a front view, 1-3 is a cross-sectional view, and 1-4 is a top view;

FIGS. 5-6 are perspective views of the structure of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the nut assembling and disassembling process of the present invention, wherein FIG. 7-1 is a schematic view of the assembling process, and FIG. 7-2 is a schematic view of the disassembling process;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the nut of the present invention in plan;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the installation of the nut of the present invention on a bevel;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a closing process of the locking portion;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the state change of the cross section of the hexagonal lobes of the nut before and after closing up.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following further description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is noted that features between different embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The hexagonal slotted self-locking nut (figures 1-6) of the invention, the nut body surrounds the central axis to form a central through hole along the axis, the central through hole is internally provided with a thread 1, the tail part of the nut body is a locking part 2 consisting of six hexagonal petals 21, the hexagonal petals 21 are uniformly distributed around the axis, a spacing groove 22 is formed between the adjacent hexagonal petals 21, the inner side surfaces of the hexagonal petals 21 are provided with the thread 1, the three-dimensional cross-sectional shape formed by the surrounding outer peripheral surfaces of the hexagonal petals 21 is similar to a hexagon, the position of the spacing groove 22 on the cross section is positioned at the corner of the hexagon, and the hexagonal petals 21 are obliquely tightened from the root to the tail end to the central axis side (the width of the same spacing groove 22 is gradually narrowed from the root to the. Further, the middle of the hexagonal flap 21 in the cross section has a protrusion 23 toward the inside (fig. 11).

The locking part 2 can contract towards the axis of the central axis to enable the nut to generate self-locking torque. After the hexagonal petals 21 are obliquely tightened from the root to the tail end to the central axis side, the threads 1 in the hexagonal petals 21 also shrink along with the axis of the nut, and the pitch diameter of the threads after shrinkage is smaller than that of normal threads, so that when the nut is matched with a bolt with the same specification for use, when the bolt is screwed to the locking part 2, the hexagonal petals 21 tightened inwards (the axis) are rebounded under the expansion of the bolt threads, and are propped open by the bolt in the direction opposite to the axis of the nut, and meanwhile, the threads of the nut and the bolt writing threads are still tightly attached and contacted under the action of elastic force, and the locking purpose is achieved (fig. 7-1). When the bolt is disassembled (figure 7-2), the bolt is reversely unscrewed, after the bolt thread is completely separated from the thread of the locking part 2, the hexagonal valve 21 is restored to the state of obliquely tightening towards the central axis under the action of the elastic force, the thread 1 in the hexagonal valve 21 is also restored to the state of shrinking towards the axis of the nut, and the nut reaches the self-locking state.

The structure of the locking part 2 which contracts towards the axis of the central axis can be obtained through a closing-in process and a closing-in tool 6, and after a hexagonal valve parallel to the central axis is processed through a conventional process, the closing-in operation is carried out on the hexagonal valve, so that the tail end of the hexagonal valve is obliquely tightened towards the central axis. As shown in fig. 10, the closing tool can apply pressure inwards from the center of the hexagonal lobes 21 at the same time, so that the tail ends of the six hexagonal lobes are tightened inwards at the same time, centripetal plastic deformation is generated, the distance between two adjacent hexagonal lobes 21 is reduced, the closer to the tail ends of the hexagonal lobes, the more the distance is reduced, the closer to the root of the hexagonal lobes, the less the distance is reduced, the stronger the elasticity of the structure is, and the nut is more beneficial to realizing high-cycle locking capacity. Further, since the force receiving position of the hexagonal lobe 21 is set at the center of the cross section thereof, the middle portion of the hexagonal lobe 21 is first pressed toward the axial direction, and the corner portions on both sides of the hexagonal lobe 21 are then pressed toward the axial direction, thereby forming a projection 23 (fig. 11) in the middle portion of the hexagonal lobe 21. The structure ensures that when the bolt is screwed in, the threads on the bolt are firstly contacted with the threads on the bulge 23 in the middle of the hexagonal petal 21 and are not contacted with or less contacted with the threads at the corners of two sides of the hexagonal petal 21, so that the aim that the sharp corners of the hexagonal part of the nut cannot scrape the threads of the bolt is fulfilled, the speed of reducing the pitch diameter of the threads of the bolt is delayed, and the aim of achieving a high-cycle locking period is fulfilled by matching with a good elastic structure. The common self-locking nut does not have a tightening structure of the hexagonal petals 21 and a protruding structure in the middle of the hexagonal petals 21, the threads deform after closing up, the middle diameter of the threads of the bolt has a scraping effect, and the vibration-resistant cycle period of the nut is greatly reduced.

The groove bottom surface of each spacing groove 22 is arc-shaped, namely the connecting root parts between adjacent hexagonal lobes 21 are in arc transition, the elasticity of the structure is better, fatigue cracks are not easy to appear from the root parts of the hexagonal lobes 21 and the bottom parts of the spacing grooves 22 in a vibration occasion, and therefore the purpose of a high-cycle vibration period is achieved.

In some embodiments (fig. 1-3), the head portion 4 is connected to the front of the locking portion 2, and the transition connection portion 42 is disposed on the head portion 4, so that a good transition connection effect can be achieved, and stress concentration easily caused by rigid connection between different portions can be reduced. Preferably, in this embodiment, the transition connecting portion 42 is a transition arc surface; the head main body 44 is in a hexagonal column shape, and is convenient for an installation tool to clamp and fix. Further, the head 4 is provided with an accommodating groove 43 from the end surface inwards in the center, and the accommodating groove is used for accommodating the thread ending part of the bolt after the installation is completed, and meanwhile, the installation problem caused by uneven thickness of the interlayer at the installation part can be solved.

In some embodiments (fig. 4-6), a disassembly and assembly driving part 3 is further arranged between the locking part 2 and the head part 4, and the disassembly and assembly driving part 3 is connected with the head part 4 through the transition connecting part 42; the head part 4 is provided with a containing groove 43 from the end surface to the inside at the center; preferably, the transitional coupling portion 42 in this example is a transitional conical surface.

The disassembly and assembly driving part 3 is annular and is uniformly provided with concave cambered surfaces 31 around an axis. Preferably, the number of the concave arc surfaces 31 is six, and the center of the concave arc surface 31 corresponds to the position of the spacing groove 22. The dismounting driving part 3 plays a role in connecting the locking part 2 and structure transition; the arrangement of the concave arc surface 31 is convenient for clamping and fixing by using an installation tool, for example, the concave arc surface can be used as a part for wrenching and screwing a wrench, so that the disassembly and assembly in a narrow space are realized, and in addition, the concave arc surface 31 is a smooth curved surface, so that the damage of stress concentration to the nut can be prevented; the arrangement of the six concave arc surfaces 31 and the position relation thereof enables the root of the hexagonal lobe 21 and the dismounting driving part 3 to form good transitional connection, further assists the spacing groove 22 in unloading the stress of the elastic deformation of the hexagonal lobe 21, and assists in improving the high-cycle locking period and the vibration-resistant cycle period of the nut.

As a further improvement of these embodiments, the head 4 is annular, and the head 4 is provided with a tilt universal spherical surface 41 from the end portion to the rear. The universal spherical surface 41 can be matched with a spherical washer 5 which is arranged independently for use under the condition of requirement, the spherical washer 5 is provided with an inner spherical surface which can be matched with the universal spherical surface 41, the purpose of strong adaptation of the installation occasion can be achieved through the matching of the inner spherical surface and the spherical washer, and the universal spherical surface 41 can be installed on a plane (figure 8) and can also be installed on an inclined plane (figure 9). It should be noted that the nut of the invention can also be used alone without the spherical washer 5, especially in flat mounting. When the universal spherical surface 41 of the nut is tightly contacted with the inner spherical surface of the spherical washer 5, the installation can be realized with a certain included angle (the included angle is less than or equal to 8 degrees under the general condition) between the axis of the nut and the normal of the installation surface.

The nut is designed in an integrated mode, and has high structural strength and structural stability.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A hexagonal slotted self-locking nut is characterized in that a nut body surrounds a central through hole along a shaft, a thread (1) is arranged in the central through hole, the tail of the nut body is a locking part (2) formed by six hexagonal lobes (21), the hexagonal lobes (21) are uniformly distributed around the shaft, spacing grooves (22) are formed between every two adjacent hexagonal lobes (21), the thread (1) is arranged on the inner side of each hexagonal lobe (21), the shape of the cross section of a solid formed by surrounding the outer peripheral surfaces of the hexagonal lobes (21) is similar to a hexagon, the positions of the spacing grooves (22) on the cross section are located at the corners of the hexagon, and the hexagonal lobes (21) are obliquely tightened from the root to the tail end to the central shaft side; the front of the locking part (2) is connected with a head part (4), the head part (4) is provided with a transition connecting part (42), and the locking part (2) is in transition connection with the head part (4) through the transition connecting part (42); a disassembly and assembly driving part (3) is further arranged between the locking part (2) and the head part (4), the disassembly and assembly driving part (3) is connected with the head part (4) through the transition connecting part (42), the disassembly and assembly driving part (3) is annular, concave arc surfaces (31) are uniformly distributed around an axis, and the centers of the concave arc surfaces (31) correspond to the positions of the spacing grooves (22); the middle part of the cross section of the hexagonal valve (21) is provided with a bulge (23) facing the inner side; the protrusion (23) is formed by recessing the middle part of the hexagonal lobe (21) in the axial direction with respect to the two side corner parts.

2. The hexagonal slotted self-locking nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom surface of the spacing slot (22) is circular-arc shaped.

3. The hexagonal slotted self-locking nut according to claim 1, wherein the transition connection portion (42) is a transition arc surface.

4. The hexagonal slotted self-locking nut of claim 1, wherein the head body (44) is hexagonal cylindrical.

5. A hexagonal slotted self-locking nut according to claim 1, characterised in that the head (4) is provided centrally, from the end face inwards with a receiving groove (43).

6. The hexagonal slotted self-locking nut of claim 1, wherein the nut body is of an integrally formed design.