CN111451503B - SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method and removing method - Google Patents
SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method and removing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111451503B CN111451503B CN202010278640.4A CN202010278640A CN111451503B CN 111451503 B CN111451503 B CN 111451503B CN 202010278640 A CN202010278640 A CN 202010278640A CN 111451503 B CN111451503 B CN 111451503B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 stainless steel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
- B22F10/47—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards characterised by structural features
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method and a removing method, wherein the support adding method comprises the following steps: a thin-wall block-shaped support is arranged at the bottom of the arc of each lowest end of the spring; the top of the thin-wall block support is provided with a plurality of support teeth, and the height connecting line of the top surfaces of the support teeth is in a circular arc shape and is consistent with the shape of the circular arc bottom of the supported spring. Has the advantages that: (1) adopt the cubic support of thin wall, all support the circular arc bottom of every least significant end of spring, it is comprehensive to support the position to alleviate the part at the selective melting 3D of laser and print the in-process and take place deformation because self stress, thereby guarantee the part formability, promote the printing precision of part. (2) The mode of removing the thin-wall block supports in an interval symmetrical mode is adopted, and the mode of removing the thin-wall block supports in a repeated rotating mode through the pliers is adopted, so that the deformation of parts is slight in the removing process of the thin-wall block supports, and the forming precision of the parts cannot be influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser melting forming, and particularly relates to an adding method and a removing method for printing support of SLM additive manufacturing fine parts.
Background
3D printing (3DP), one of the rapid prototyping technologies, is a technology that constructs an object by using an adhesive material such as powdered metal or plastic based on a digital model file and by printing layer by layer. Because the printing is carried out layer by layer, the printing method has more obvious advantages compared with the traditional manufacturing industry when parts with complex shapes are manufactured. Specifically, for traditional manufacturing industry, 3D printing technique need not numerical control and mills, need not specialized tool, directly prints the part of complex construction according to the digifax, and the pore structure, lightweight and interior runner etc. that traditional industry can't make also can accomplish manufacturing utilizing 3D printing technique. Generally, the manufacturing time and cost of parts printed by 3D printing technology do not exceed 1/2 of the traditional technology. The adopted material is not limited to nylon, and the material type can be expanded to various pure metals or alloy materials, such as stainless steel, tool steel, iron alloy and the like. The relative density of the parts printed by the 3D printing technology is close to or reaches 100%, and the overall mechanical property of the parts is more excellent than that of the parts manufactured by the traditional method.
The rapid prototyping technology is developing towards the direction of directly manufacturing metal parts, and the SLM technology, namely Selective laser melting, adopts an energy deposition technology, and is a technology of higher density and better mechanical property of a formed part in the existing metal additive manufacturing technology. The metal parts with approximate complete density and good mechanical property can be directly formed by using a rapid forming technology. The SLM technology overcomes the trouble of complicated process of manufacturing metal parts by a Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technology.
However, the SLM technique has its disadvantages, and due to its local high temperature and fast cooling characteristics, a residual stress is inevitably generated during the processing, i.e. a self-balanced internal stress still remaining in the object after the action of an external force or an uneven temperature field is eliminated, and the residual stress may have a great influence on the formability and the forming dimensional accuracy of the part. For parts with larger stress, the phenomena of warping, cracks and the like are easy to occur, so that the forming precision of the parts is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method and an SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support removing method, which can effectively solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method, when an SLM additive manufacturing spring fine part is adopted, wherein the diameter of a spring is more than or equal to 8mm, and a thin-wall block-shaped support is arranged at the bottom of an arc at each lowest end of the spring; wherein the thin-walled massive support comprises: the spring support structure comprises thin-wall block-shaped vertical plates, wherein the bottom surfaces of the thin-wall block-shaped vertical plates are supporting planes, a plurality of supporting teeth are arranged at the tops of the thin-wall block-shaped vertical plates, and the height connecting line of the top surfaces of the supporting teeth is in a circular arc shape and is consistent with the shape of the circular arc bottom of a supported spring.
Preferably, the width of the top end of the supporting tooth is between 0.1mm and 0.3mm, the width of the tooth root is between 0.2mm and 0.5mm, the height range of the tooth is between 1mm and 1.6mm, the distance between filling lines is between 0.5mm and 0.7mm, the width range of the gap is between 0.2mm and 0.4mm, and the cutting interval is between 3mm and 8 mm.
The invention also provides a support removing method based on the SLM material increase manufacturing fine part printing support adding method, after the SLM material increase manufacturing printing forming spring fine parts, the thin-wall block supports are sequentially cut and symmetrically taken out at intervals by adopting a pair of long and thin pliers with blades from two sides to the middle, namely: suppose that in a direction from one side to the other, each thin-walled block support is numbered: a 1 st thin-wall block support, a 2 nd thin-wall block support, …, an nth thin-wall block support; then: firstly, taking out the 1 st thin-wall block support, and then taking out the nth thin-wall block support; then taking out the 3 rd thin-wall block support; then taking out the (n-2) thin-wall block support; then taking out the 5 th thin-wall block support; then taking out the (n-4) th thin-wall block support; and so on, after the round of taking out is finished, for the rest thin-wall block supports, shearing and symmetrically taking out each thin-wall block support at intervals until all the thin-wall block supports are removed;
the method for shearing and taking out any thin-wall block support comprises the following steps: sequentially shearing each supporting tooth of the thin-wall blocky support by adopting a pair of long and thin pliers with blades, and shearing each supporting tooth into small blocks with equal distance; and then clamping one side of the thin-wall block support by using the pliers, and slowly and forcibly rotating the pliers for 90 degrees repeatedly, so that the thin-wall block support is driven to rotate for 90 degrees repeatedly, and finally the thin-wall block support is completely separated from the printed and molded fine spring part, and the operation of removing the thin-wall block support is completed.
Preferably, the forceps are sharp nose pliers or small diagonal pliers.
The SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method and the SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support removing method provided by the invention have the following advantages:
(1) the invention provides a SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method which adopts thin-wall block-shaped support to support the arc bottom of each lowest end of a spring, and the support positions are comprehensive, so that the deformation of parts due to self stress is reduced in the selective laser melting 3D printing process, the formability of the parts is ensured, and the printing precision of the parts is improved.
(2) According to the support removing method based on the SLM material increase manufacturing fine part printing support adding method, the interval symmetrical removing mode is adopted, and each thin-wall block-shaped support is removed in a mode that a clamp rotates repeatedly, so that the part deformation is slight in the removing process of each thin-wall block-shaped support, and the forming precision of the part cannot be influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a part printing support adding method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a parametric illustration of a thin-walled massive support provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a parametric illustration of a thin-walled massive support provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a pair of pliers according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pair of pliers according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the invention with the support removed;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention with the support removed.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method, when a spring fine part is manufactured by adopting SLM additive manufacturing, wherein the diameter of a spring is more than or equal to 8mm, the diameter of a spring wire comprises but is not limited to 0.8mm, as shown in figure 1, a thin-wall block-shaped support is arranged at the bottom of an arc at each lowest end of the spring; wherein the thin-walled massive support comprises: the spring support structure comprises thin-wall block-shaped vertical plates, wherein the bottom surfaces of the thin-wall block-shaped vertical plates are supporting planes, a plurality of supporting teeth are arranged at the tops of the thin-wall block-shaped vertical plates, and the height connecting line of the top surfaces of the supporting teeth is in a circular arc shape and is consistent with the shape of the circular arc bottom of a supported spring.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a is the tooth tip width, b is the tooth root width, c is the supporting tooth height; d is the space between the filling lines, e is the gap width, and f is the cutting interval; the width of the top end of the supporting tooth is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm, the width of the tooth root is 0.2 mm-0.5 mm, the height range of the tooth is 1 mm-1.6 mm, the distance between filling lines is 0.5 mm-0.7 mm, the width range of the gap is 0.2 mm-0.4 mm, and the cutting interval is 3 mm-8 mm. The set value of the parameters of the supporting teeth is set according to the fineness degree of the parts, and the smaller the cutting interval is, the more the supporting removal is facilitated.
In the laser melting printing process, the part is parallel to the soft scraper, the top end of the radian of the part is prevented from being reverse to the soft scraper, the part is finally slightly deformed, and the precision error is overlarge.
The invention provides a SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method, which has the following advantages:
(1) adopt the cubic support of thin wall, all support the circular arc bottom of every least significant end of spring, it is comprehensive to support the position to alleviate the part at the selective melting 3D of laser and print the in-process and take place deformation because self stress, thereby guarantee the part formability, promote the printing precision of part.
(2) Each thin-wall block-shaped support adopts the arc bottom of a support tooth support spring, the thin-wall block-shaped supports and the springs are in a point support mode, the contact area is small, and the deformation of parts due to self stress is further reduced; is beneficial to the forming of fine metal parts.
The invention further provides a support removing method based on the SLM material increase manufacturing fine part printing support adding method, after the SLM material increase manufacturing printing forming spring fine parts are adopted, the long and thin pliers with the blades are adopted, accurate clamping support is facilitated, and the tool is selected to remove dense thin-wall block-shaped supports. The specific removing method comprises the following steps: according to the mode from both sides to centre, cut in proper order and interval symmetry takes out each thin wall bulk support, promptly: suppose that in a direction from one side to the other, each thin-walled block support is numbered: a 1 st thin-wall block support, a 2 nd thin-wall block support, …, an nth thin-wall block support; then: firstly, taking out the 1 st thin-wall block support, and then taking out the nth thin-wall block support; then taking out the 3 rd thin-wall block support; then taking out the (n-2) th thin-wall block support; then taking out the 5 th thin-wall block support; then taking out the (n-4) th thin-wall block support; and so on, after the round of taking out is finished, for the rest thin-wall block supports, shearing and symmetrically taking out each thin-wall block support at intervals until all the thin-wall block supports are removed; the spaced symmetrical removing mode can ensure that the deformation of the part is slight and the forming precision of the part is not influenced in the removing process of each thin-wall block-shaped support.
The method for shearing and taking out any thin-wall block support comprises the following steps: using a pair of long and thin pliers with blades, for example, the pliers are sharp nose pliers or small diagonal pliers, and sequentially cutting each supporting tooth of the thin-wall blocky support to cut each supporting tooth into small blocks with equal distance; then, one side of the thin-wall block-shaped support is clamped by the pliers, the pliers are slowly forced to rotate repeatedly for 90 degrees, so that the thin-wall block-shaped support is driven to rotate repeatedly for 90 degrees, the force is judged according to the fineness of the part, the precision of the part after the support is taken out is guaranteed, the thin-wall block-shaped support is finally completely separated from the fine spring part formed by printing, and the operation of removing the thin-wall block-shaped support is completed.
According to the support removing method based on the SLM material increase manufacturing fine part printing support adding method, the interval symmetrical removing mode is adopted, and each thin-wall block-shaped support is removed in a mode that a clamp rotates repeatedly, so that the part deformation is slight in the removing process of each thin-wall block-shaped support, and the forming precision of the part cannot be influenced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method is characterized in that when an SLM additive manufacturing spring fine part is adopted, the diameter of a spring is larger than or equal to 8mm, and a thin-wall block-shaped support is arranged at the bottom of an arc at each lowest end of the spring; wherein the thin-walled massive support comprises: the bottom surface of the thin-wall blocky vertical plate is a supporting plane, the top of the thin-wall blocky vertical plate is provided with a plurality of supporting teeth, and the height connecting line of the top surface of each supporting tooth is in a circular arc shape and is consistent with the shape of the circular arc bottom of the supported spring;
wherein the width of the top end of the support tooth is between 0.1mm and 0.3mm, the width of the tooth root is between 0.2mm and 0.5mm, the height range of the tooth is between 1mm and 1.6mm, the distance between filling lines is between 0.5mm and 0.7mm, the width range of the gap is between 0.2mm and 0.4mm, and the cutting interval is between 3mm and 8 mm;
according to the method for removing the thin-wall block supports, after SLM material increase manufacturing is adopted to print and form fine parts of the spring, long and thin pliers with blades are adopted, and all the thin-wall block supports are sequentially cut and symmetrically taken out at intervals from two sides to the middle, namely: suppose that in a direction from one side to the other, each thin-walled block support is numbered: a 1 st thin-wall block support, a 2 nd thin-wall block support, …, an nth thin-wall block support; then: firstly, taking out the 1 st thin-wall block support, and then taking out the nth thin-wall block support; then taking out the 3 rd thin-wall block support; then taking out the (n-2) thin-wall block support; then taking out the 5 th thin-wall block support; then taking out the (n-4) th thin-wall block support; and so on, after the round of taking out is finished, for the rest thin-wall block supports, shearing and symmetrically taking out each thin-wall block support at intervals until all the thin-wall block supports are removed;
the method for shearing and taking out any thin-wall block support comprises the following steps: sequentially shearing each supporting tooth of the thin-wall blocky support by adopting a pair of long and thin pliers with blades, and shearing each supporting tooth into small blocks with equal distance; and then clamping one side of the thin-wall block support by using the pliers, and slowly and forcibly rotating the pliers for 90 degrees repeatedly, so that the thin-wall block support is driven to rotate for 90 degrees repeatedly, and finally the thin-wall block support is completely separated from the printed and molded fine spring part, and the operation of removing the thin-wall block support is completed.
2. The SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support addition method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tweezers are sharp or small diagonal tweezers.
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| CN202010278640.4A CN111451503B (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | SLM additive manufacturing fine part printing support adding method and removing method |
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| CN115194179B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2024-07-05 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Support structure and method for manufacturing spiral pipeline |
| GB202211677D0 (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-09-21 | Rolls Royce Plc | A method of manufacturing a component |
| GB202211722D0 (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-09-28 | Rolls Royce Plc | A method of manufacturing a component |
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| CN110732668A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-31 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | High-strength easy-to-remove combined support for SLM (Selective laser melting) molding |
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2020
- 2020-04-10 CN CN202010278640.4A patent/CN111451503B/en active Active
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| CN103946008A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2014-07-23 | Dws有限公司 | Improved three-dimensional object obtained by means of a stereolithography process and method for the computer graphic design of said object |
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| US10089416B1 (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2018-10-02 | Stratasys, Inc. | Self-supporting internal passageways for powder metal additive manufacturing |
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Denomination of invention: SLM additive manufacturing fine parts printing support addition and removal methods Granted publication date: 20220812 Pledgee: Industrial Bank Co.,Ltd. Daqing branch Pledgor: HARBIN FORWEDO INTELLIGENT EQUIPMENT CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2024230000002 |
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