CN111451462A - Method for refining solidification structure of continuous casting billet by utilizing submerged nozzle to spray magnesium powder - Google Patents
Method for refining solidification structure of continuous casting billet by utilizing submerged nozzle to spray magnesium powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111451462A CN111451462A CN202010275944.5A CN202010275944A CN111451462A CN 111451462 A CN111451462 A CN 111451462A CN 202010275944 A CN202010275944 A CN 202010275944A CN 111451462 A CN111451462 A CN 111451462A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/58—Pouring-nozzles with gas injecting means
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of molten steel continuous casting, and relates to a method for refining a solidification structure of a continuous casting billet by using a submerged nozzle to spray magnesium powder. In the process of casting the molten steel, magnesium powder is continuously sprayed into an inner cavity of the submerged nozzle, the magnesium powder is mixed with the molten steel flowing downwards in the submerged nozzle, and the mixture enters a crystallizer along with the molten steel flow, is uniformly dissolved in the molten steel, is combined with [ O ] and [ S ] in the molten steel to generate a large amount of nano-scale MgO or MgS particles distributed in a dispersed manner, promotes nucleation of crystal grains, inhibits growth of the crystal grains, and refines a solidification structure of a continuous casting blank. According to the invention, the magnesium powder with low price is sprayed into the molten steel before solidification, so that the nanoscale second-phase particles are obtained with high efficiency and low cost, the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet is refined, and the performance of the steel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of molten steel continuous casting, and mainly relates to a method for refining a continuous casting billet solidification structure by utilizing a submerged nozzle to spray magnesium powder.
Background
The refined grains can obviously improve the strength and the toughness of the steel material, and how to refine the grains is one of important directions for the research and development of the steel material. Production practices and researches show that fine and dispersed second-phase particles in steel can be used as a core for grain nucleation, and grain growth is inhibited by pinning a grain boundary, so that the effect of refining grains is achieved, and the performance of steel is improved. At present, the second phase particles are mainly obtained by a method of separating out inclusions in molten steel, but the conditions for obtaining fine dispersed inclusions in actual production are difficult to meet, the sizes of the inclusions are generally large, and the effect of refining grains is poor. Research shows that the effect of refining crystal grains can be achieved by adding nanoscale second-phase particles into molten steel, and the commonly used nanoscale particles comprise ZrO2、Ti2O3、Al2O3MgO, MgS and the like, but the technology still stays in the laboratory research stage at present, and no report of industrial application exists, and the main reason is that the problem of adding the nano particles in industrial production is not well solved.
In industrial production, the adding mode and adding time of the nano-scale particles are crucial to the effect of grain refinement. The production cost of the nano-scale particles is very high, the particle size is very small, a safe and effective adding mode is lacked at present, and if the nano-scale particles are directly put into a steel ladle, the yield is very low. In addition, if the nano-scale particles are added into the refined steel ladle, the time interval between the nano-scale particles entering the molten steel and the solidification of the molten steel is longer, and the nano-scale particles react with inclusions in the steel or collide with each other, so that the particle size is increased, and the effect of refining the grains is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of obtaining nano-scale second-phase particles in industrial production, the invention provides a method for refining a continuous casting billet solidification structure by using a submerged nozzle to spray magnesium powder, wherein the magnesium powder is continuously sprayed into an inner cavity of the submerged nozzle in the casting process, the magnesium powder is mixed with molten steel flowing downwards in the submerged nozzle, and enters a crystallizer along with the steel flow to be uniformly dissolved in the molten steel, and a large number of nano-scale MgO or MgS particles which are dispersedly distributed are generated by combining with [ O ] and [ S ] in the molten steel, so that the nucleation of crystal grains is promoted, the growth of the crystal grains is inhibited, and the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet is refined.
The principle of the invention is as follows: (1) the dosage of nano-scale particles required for grain refinement is very small, the dosage of each ton of steel is less than 0.01kg, the actually required spray powder flow is less than 0.1kg/min by combining the molten steel circulation in the submerged nozzle, and the feasibility of spraying in the submerged nozzle is realized; (2) the metal magnesium has low boiling point and high vapor pressure, can be quickly gasified and uniformly dissolved in the molten steel after entering the molten steel, has extremely strong binding capacity of magnesium and [ O ] and [ S ] in the molten steel, and generates MgO or MgS with small particle size and high dispersity; (3) molten steel flows into the crystallizer from the submerged nozzle, and begins to solidify in the crystallizer, so that the interval time is short, and the growth of MgO or MgS particles is avoided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the method for refining the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet by injecting magnesium powder through the submerged nozzle comprises the following steps: the slot type nozzle is arranged on the inner side wall of the submerged nozzle, magnesium powder is sprayed into an inner cavity of the submerged nozzle through the slot type nozzle in the molten steel casting process, the magnesium powder and steel flow are mixed and enter the crystallizer, a large number of nano-scale MgO or MgS particles which are dispersedly distributed are generated in the crystallizer, and the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet is refined.
The submerged nozzle for the solidification structure of the magnesium powder injection refined continuous casting slab comprises a submerged nozzle and a slit nozzle; the slit nozzle is positioned on the inner side wall of the submerged nozzle and is communicated with an inner cavity of the submerged nozzle; the slit nozzle is connected with the powder spraying system through a powder conveying pipeline.
In the invention, the powder spraying system is the existing equipment, the submerged nozzle is the existing part and is used for the continuous casting process, the powder spraying system is positioned between a tundish and a crystallizer in the continuous casting process, and the powder spraying system is a guide pipe for the molten steel to flow from the tundish to the crystallizer and has the function of preventing the molten steel from being secondarily oxidized; controlling the flowing state and the injection speed of the molten steel; promotes the floating of inclusions, prevents the non-metallic inclusions of the casting powder from being involved in molten steel, and is important equipment for controlling steel casting in the continuous casting process. The invention creatively sets the slit nozzle on the existing submerged nozzle, and discloses a method for adding magnesium powder in the process that molten steel flows downwards through the submerged nozzle and enters a crystallizer for the first time, the metal yield is very high, fine and dispersed second-phase particles are generated, the utilization rate of the particles is high, the interval time between the generation of the particles and the solidification of the molten steel is short, the particles are not easy to grow, the effect of refining the crystal grains is better, and the solidification structure of a continuous casting billet is obviously improved; the number of the slit nozzles is 1-6, preferably 2-4, and the specific preparation and setting are conventional technologies.
The invention discloses a method for refining a continuous casting billet solidification structure by injecting magnesium powder through a submerged nozzle, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding magnesium powder into a powder spraying system;
(2) before the molten steel flows into the submerged nozzle, powder spraying carrier gas is opened, casting is started, and the molten steel flows downwards through the submerged nozzle and enters the crystallizer;
(3) when the liquid level in the crystallizer submerges the outlet of the submerged nozzle, magnesium powder is blown;
(4) before the casting is finished, finishing the magnesium powder spraying and keeping opening the powder spraying carrier gas; stopping casting, and closing the powder spraying carrier gas when no steel flow exists in the immersion type water port;
and finishing the blowing magnesium powder to refine the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet.
The invention discloses a magnesium powder refined continuous casting billet prepared by using an immersion nozzle, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that a slit nozzle is arranged on the inner side wall of the submerged nozzle, magnesium powder is sprayed into an inner cavity of the submerged nozzle through the slit nozzle in the molten steel casting process, the magnesium powder and a steel flow are mixed and enter a crystallizer, a magnesium powder refined continuous casting blank is obtained after the molten steel is solidified, specifically, the magnesium powder is dissolved in the molten steel to form a large number of fine and dispersed nano particles, nucleation of crystal grains is promoted, growth of the crystal grains is inhibited, and the magnesium powder refined continuous casting blank is obtained after the molten steel is solidified. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding magnesium powder into a powder spraying system;
(2) before the molten steel flows into the submerged nozzle, powder spraying carrier gas is opened, casting is started, and the molten steel flows downwards through the submerged nozzle and enters the crystallizer;
(3) when the liquid level in the crystallizer submerges the outlet of the submerged nozzle, magnesium powder is sprayed;
(4) before the casting is finished, finishing the magnesium powder spraying and keeping opening the powder spraying carrier gas; stopping casting, and closing the powder spraying carrier gas when no steel flow exists in the immersion type water port;
and (4) finishing the solidification of the molten steel to obtain the magnesium powder refined continuous casting billet.
The slit type nozzle is arranged on the inner side wall surface of the submerged nozzle and is connected with an argon blowing and powder spraying system through a pipeline; before the molten steel flows into the submerged nozzle, the slit nozzle only sprays argon and does not spray magnesium powder temporarily, and the slit nozzle is used for blowing the pipeline and preventing the molten steel from flowing backwards into the slit nozzle; after casting is started, molten steel flows downwards through an immersion nozzle and enters a crystallizer, when the liquid level in the crystallizer submerges an outlet of the immersion nozzle, magnesium powder is continuously sprayed into the immersion nozzle by taking argon as carrier gas, the flow of the sprayed magnesium powder is obtained by calculation according to the steel requirement and the flow of the molten steel, the magnesium powder is sucked by the molten steel flowing downwards, is violently mixed with the molten steel, and is combined with [ O ] and [ S ] in the molten steel to generate fine and dispersed MgO or MgS particles, nucleation of crystal grains is promoted in the solidification process of the molten steel, the growth of the crystal grains is inhibited, and the solidification structure of a continuous casting blank is refined; and before the casting is finished, firstly stopping powder spraying, continuously spraying argon by the slit nozzle until no steel flow exists in the submerged nozzle after the casting is finished, and stopping spraying argon.
Preferably, the width of the slit nozzle for powder spraying on the inner side wall surface of the immersion water port is 0.1-2 mm; the granularity of the magnesium powder is 100-400 meshes, and the spray flow is 0.001-0.1 kg/min; the powder spraying system adopts a concentrated phase conveying mode, and the solid-gas ratio is greater than 20, such as 20-50; the solid-gas ratio is too low, so that the molten steel in the crystallizer is easy to violently tumble, slag entrapment and secondary oxidation of the molten steel are caused, and the quality of a casting blank is seriously influenced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) compared with nano particles, the metal magnesium powder with 100-400 meshes is low in price; (2) magnesium powder and molten steel are mixed violently in the submerged nozzle, dissolve rapidly and produce the fine dispersed second phase particle, the utilization rate of the particle is high, and the interval time between particle production and molten steel solidification is short, the particle is difficult to grow up, the effect of refining the crystalline grain is better, the continuous casting billet solidification structure has been improved apparently; (3) the submerged nozzle has the advantages of simple structure, convenient replacement and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a submerged nozzle for a solidification structure of a magnesium powder injection refined continuous casting slab in example 1;
the device comprises an immersion type water gap 1, a slit type nozzle 2, an argon blowing and powder spraying system 3 and a powder conveying pipeline 4.
Detailed Description
The submerged nozzle for the solidification structure of the magnesium powder injection refined continuous casting slab comprises a submerged nozzle and a slit nozzle; the slit nozzle is positioned on the inner side wall surface of the submerged nozzle and is communicated with the inner cavity of the submerged nozzle; the slit nozzle is connected with the powder spraying system through a powder conveying pipeline.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining specific embodiments, wherein the embodiments and the casting, crystallization, steel grade, tundish, crystallizer and slit nozzle related to the proportion are all the prior art; the flow parameter referred to in the present invention is the flow parameter of each slit nozzle.
It should be understood that the following description of specific embodiments is illustrative of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention is applied to the continuous casting process of a square billet with 250mm × 350mm, an immersion nozzle is in a straight-through type, two slit type nozzles 2 are arranged on the inner wall surface of the immersion nozzle 1 and are symmetrically distributed, the width of each slit is 1mm, the length of each slit is 10mm, the length direction of each slit is parallel to the axial direction of the immersion nozzle, the slit type nozzles are connected with an existing argon blowing and powder spraying system 3 through a powder conveying pipeline 4, and referring to figure 1, the two slit type nozzles are consistent and are marked on one part.
When casting 45# steel, spraying magnesium powder of 200 meshes to steel flow through a submerged nozzle, wherein the molten steel flow in the submerged nozzle is 0.5t/min, the magnesium powder spraying flow of each slit nozzle is 0.0025kg/min, and the magnesium powder adding amount per ton of steel is 0.01 kg; the specific treatment steps are as follows:
(1) before the molten steel flows into the submerged nozzle, the slit nozzles only blow argon and temporarily do not blow magnesium powder, the argon flow of each slit nozzle is 0.05L/min, and the slit nozzles are used for purging pipelines and preventing the molten steel from flowing backwards into the slit nozzles;
(2) after casting is started, molten steel flows downwards through the submerged nozzle and enters the crystallizer, when the liquid level in the crystallizer submerges the outlet of the submerged nozzle, magnesium powder is continuously sprayed into the submerged nozzle by taking argon gas as carrier gas, the argon gas flow of each slit type nozzle is 0.05L/min, the magnesium powder flow is 0.0025kg/min, and the solid-gas ratio is 28;
(3) and before the casting is finished, firstly stopping spraying powder, continuously spraying argon to the slit nozzles, wherein the argon flow of each slit nozzle is 0.05L/min until no steel flow exists in a submerged nozzle after the casting is finished, and stopping spraying argon to finish spraying magnesium powder to refine the solidification structure of the continuous casting blank.
The implementation result shows that a large amount of nano-scale MgO and MgS inclusions with the size of 0.05-0.2 mu m are generated in the steel billet obtained by casting, and the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet is obviously refined.
Comparative example 1
A250 mm × 350mm square billet is continuously cast by adopting the prior art, when a 45# steel grade is cast, 200 meshes of magnesium powder is added into a tundish according to the addition amount of the magnesium powder of 0.01kg per ton of steel, the conventional straight-through type submerged nozzle (the same as the embodiment 1, a slit type nozzle is not arranged) is adopted, the molten steel flows into a crystallizer from the tundish according to the molten steel flow rate of 0.5t/min, and the casting and crystallization process is the same as the embodiment 1, so that a large amount of MgO and MgS inclusions with the size of 0.5-5 mu m are generated in a steel billet obtained by casting, and the effect of grain refinement is lost.
Example 1 the ingot equiaxial crystal rate was increased from 30% to 65% of comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the solid-gas ratio is adjusted to be 5, the rest is unchanged, molten steel is vigorously tumbled in a crystallizer, slag entrapment of the molten steel is serious, a large amount of large-size (more than 10 mu m) inclusions are generated in a casting blank, and the quality of the casting blank is seriously damaged.
Example 2
The invention is applied to the continuous casting process of a 220mm × 1680mm slab, the submerged nozzle is a double-side hole type, two side holes are formed, the outlet inclination angle is 16 degrees, two slit type nozzles are arranged on the inner side wall surface of the submerged nozzle, the length direction of each slit is parallel to the axial direction of the submerged nozzle, the width of each slit is 1mm, the length of each slit is 30mm, the slit type nozzles are connected with the existing argon blowing and powder spraying system through pipelines, and the two slit type nozzles are consistent.
When the Q345 steel grade is cast, 300-mesh magnesium powder is sprayed to steel flow through a submerged nozzle, the molten steel flow in the submerged nozzle is 3t/min in the casting process, the magnesium powder spraying flow of each slit nozzle is 0.015kg/min, the magnesium powder adding amount of each ton of steel is 0.01kg, and the specific treatment steps are as follows:
(1) before the molten steel flows into the submerged nozzle, the slit nozzles only blow argon and temporarily do not blow magnesium powder, the argon flow of each slit nozzle is 0.25L/min, and the slit nozzles are used for purging pipelines and preventing the molten steel from flowing backwards into the slit nozzles;
(2) after casting is started, molten steel flows downwards through the submerged nozzle and enters the crystallizer, when the liquid level in the crystallizer submerges the outlet of the submerged nozzle, magnesium powder is continuously sprayed into the submerged nozzle by taking argon as carrier gas, the argon flow of each slit nozzle is 0.25L/min, the magnesium powder flow is 0.015kg/min, and the solid-gas ratio is 33.6;
(3) and before the casting is finished, firstly stopping powder spraying, continuously spraying argon to the slit nozzles, wherein the argon flow of each slit nozzle is 0.25L/min, stopping spraying argon until no steel flow exists in a submerged nozzle after the casting is finished, finishing spraying magnesium powder to refine the solidification structure of the continuous casting blank, and crystallizing the molten steel to obtain the magnesium powder refined continuous casting blank.
The implementation result shows that a large amount of fine MgO and MgAlO with the size of 0.08-0.3 mu m are generated in the steel billet obtained by casting4The foreign particle promotes the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet to be obviously refined through a heterogeneous nucleation mechanism in high-temperature molten steel.
Comparative example 3
When the prior art is adopted for continuous casting and applied to a 220mm × 1680mm slab, 300-mesh magnesium powder is added into a tundish according to the addition of 0.01kg of magnesium powder per ton of steel when Q345 steel is cast, and the prior double-side hole type submerged nozzle (the same as the embodiment 2, a slit type nozzle is not arranged) is adopted to flow into a crystallizer from the tundish according to the molten steel flow rate of 3t/min, so that a large amount of MgO and MgAlO with the size of 1-10 mu m are generated in the cast billet4The effect of refining grains is lost due to the inclusion particles.
In example 2, the equiaxial crystal rate is improved to 58% from 23% of comparative example 3, and the center segregation of the casting blank is reduced to 0.5 of C from 1.5 of B type of comparative example 2.
Claims (10)
1. The method for refining the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet by injecting magnesium powder through the submerged nozzle comprises the following steps: the slot type nozzle is arranged on the inner side wall of the submerged nozzle, and magnesium powder is sprayed to the inner cavity of the submerged nozzle through the slot type nozzle in the molten steel casting process, so that the solidification structure of the continuous casting blank is refined.
2. The method for refining the solidification structure of the continuously cast slab by using the magnesium powder injected by the submerged nozzle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the width of the slit nozzle is 0.1-2 mm.
3. The method for refining the solidification structure of the continuously cast bloom by injecting the magnesium powder through the submerged nozzle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the slit nozzle is communicated with an inner cavity of the submerged nozzle; the slit nozzle is connected with the powder spraying system through a powder conveying pipeline.
4. The method for refining the solidification structure of the continuously cast slab by injecting the magnesium powder through the submerged nozzle as set forth in claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
(1) adding magnesium powder into a powder spraying system;
(2) before the molten steel flows into the submerged nozzle, powder spraying carrier gas is opened, magnesium powder is not sprayed for the moment, then casting is started, and the molten steel flows downwards through the submerged nozzle and enters the crystallizer;
(3) when the liquid level in the crystallizer submerges the outlet of the submerged nozzle, magnesium powder is blown;
(4) before the casting is finished, stopping spraying magnesium powder and keeping opening the spraying carrier gas; stopping casting, and closing the powder spraying carrier gas when no steel flow exists in the immersion type water port; and finishing the blowing magnesium powder to refine the solidification structure of the continuous casting billet.
5. The method for refining the solidification structure of the continuously cast slab by using the magnesium powder injected through the submerged nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the magnesium powder is 100-400 meshes, and the flow rate of the injected magnesium powder is 0.001-0.1 kg/min; the powder spraying system adopts a concentrated phase conveying mode, and the solid-gas ratio is more than 20.
6. The method for refining the solidification structure of a continuously cast slab by injecting magnesium powder through a submerged nozzle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the carrier gas for injecting magnesium powder is argon gas.
7. The submerged nozzle for the solidification structure of the magnesium powder injection refined continuous casting slab comprises a submerged nozzle and a slit nozzle; the slit nozzle is positioned on the inner side wall of the submerged nozzle and is communicated with an inner cavity of the submerged nozzle; the slit nozzle is connected with the powder spraying system through a powder conveying pipeline.
8. The submerged nozzle for the solidification structure of the magnesium powder injection refined continuous casting billet as claimed in claim 7, wherein the number of the slit nozzles is 1-6.
9. The submerged nozzle for the solidification structure of the magnesium powder injection refined continuous casting billet as claimed in claim 7, wherein the width of the slit nozzle is 0.1-2 mm.
10. The use of the submerged nozzle for the magnesium powder injection refined continuous casting billet solidification structure of claim 7 in the magnesium powder injection refined continuous casting billet solidification structure.
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| WO2021203851A1 (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-14 | 苏州大学 | Method for magnesium and calcium treatments of molten steel by spraying powder using elongated nozzle |
| CN114012069A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-02-08 | 胡克潮 | Channel type metal solid-liquid mixing injection device and suspension casting method thereof |
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| CN114012069A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-02-08 | 胡克潮 | Channel type metal solid-liquid mixing injection device and suspension casting method thereof |
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| CN111451462B (en) | 2021-09-28 |
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