CN111443296A - Method for verifying feedback charging capability of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Method for verifying feedback charging capability of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111443296A CN111443296A CN202010186119.8A CN202010186119A CN111443296A CN 111443296 A CN111443296 A CN 111443296A CN 202010186119 A CN202010186119 A CN 202010186119A CN 111443296 A CN111443296 A CN 111443296A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for verifying the feedback charging capability of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: s1, measuring the actual discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery to be measured after the volume is fixed; s2, charging the lithium ion battery with the constant volume in the step S1 to a target SOC, and then standing at a target temperature; s3, carrying out pulse charge-discharge circulation on the lithium ion battery after standing in the step S2 under the conditions of target temperature, target SOC and target current; and S4, detecting whether lithium analysis occurs in the lithium ion battery processed in the step S3. The invention provides a method for verifying whether a single battery has feedback charging capability under different temperature, current and SOC conditions, which is simple, convenient and easy to implement and high in reliability, and provides effective reference data for the performance of a battery system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a verification method for feedback charging capability of a lithium ion battery.
Background
Through energy feedback, the kinetic energy of the vehicle during braking and sliding can be effectively recovered, and the driving range of the vehicle is increased. Therefore, the regenerative charging capability of the electric vehicle has become one of the important factors for evaluating the market competitiveness of the electric vehicle. The back charging capability of the battery system is mainly determined by the capability of the single battery. After the capacity of the single battery is integrated, the capacity of the battery system under different conditions can be effectively estimated, a certain basis is provided for system design, and the purpose of improving the endurance of the whole vehicle is achieved. At present, the verification of the battery feedback charging capability mainly adopts a three-electrode system testing method, and the method has the disadvantages of complex operation, long testing time and no contribution to practical application. Therefore, there is a need to develop a verification method with more convenient operation, shorter time and certain reliability, so as to more conveniently confirm the feedback charging capability of the single lithium battery under different conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a method for verifying the feedback charging capability of a lithium ion battery.
The invention provides a method for verifying the feedback charging capability of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing the volume of the lithium ion battery to be tested for 3-5 weeks at the temperature of 22-27 ℃ and the temperature of 0.1-0.33 ℃, and then measuring the actual discharge capacity;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with the constant volume in the step S1 to a target SOC at the temperature of 22-27 ℃ with the current of 0.05-0.1 ℃, and then standing for a certain time at the target temperature;
s3, under the conditions of target temperature, target SOC and target current, the lithium ion battery after being left stand in the step S2 is subjected to pulse discharge firstly, then is left stand for a certain time, is subjected to pulse charge, and then is left stand for a certain time, the working procedures are 1 cycle, and are circulated for 10-20 times, wherein the pulse charge time and the pulse discharge time are the same;
and S4, judging whether the lithium ion battery to be detected can be charged in a feedback manner by applying the target current at the target temperature and the target SOC through detecting whether the lithium ion battery processed in the step S3 is subjected to lithium analysis.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery to be tested satisfies the following conditions: the actual discharge capacity is less than or equal to 105 percent and is less than or equal to 100 percent of the nominal capacity.
Preferably, the target temperature is 0-55 ℃, the target SOC is 70-95% SOC, and the target current is 0.1-2C.
Preferably, in the step S2, the standing time is 8-12 h. In step S2, the battery is left to stand to ensure that the battery reaches a stable state before the test.
Preferably, in step S3, the pulse charging and pulse discharging time is 15-60S.
Preferably, in the step S3, the standing time is 90 to 150S.
Preferably, in step S4, the specific method for detecting whether lithium analysis occurs to the lithium ion battery to be detected includes: and (4) disassembling the lithium ion battery processed in the step (S3), and judging whether the interface of the negative electrode layer separates lithium or not by an interface observation method.
Preferably, the method for determining whether the target current can be applied to the lithium ion battery to be tested for the feedback charging under the conditions of the target temperature and the target SOC comprises the following steps: if the lithium ion battery to be tested does not have lithium separation, the target current can be applied to carry out feedback charging under the condition; otherwise, the target current may not be applied for the back-feed charging under this condition.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for verifying whether a single battery has feedback charging capacity under the conditions of different temperatures, charging multiplying power, SOC (system on chip) and the like, which judges whether the single battery cell can be subjected to feedback charging by applying target current under the conditions of target temperature and target SOC (system on chip) through simple and easy pulse charging and discharging circulation and subsequent battery lithium separation interface disassembly, and is beneficial to ensuring the capacity of releasing the single battery cell to the maximum degree of a system; meanwhile, the method does not need a complex three-electrode system, so that the cost is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the test result has certain reliability and can provide the maximum support for the application of the battery cell in a system level.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the condition of interfacial lithium deposition of the lithium ion battery treated in example 3 and example 4, wherein fig. 1a is the condition of interfacial lithium deposition of the lithium ion battery treated in example 3, and fig. 1b is the condition of interfacial lithium deposition of the lithium ion battery treated in example 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Verifying whether the lithium ion battery to be tested can be fed back and charged by applying 0.2C current under the conditions of 0 ℃ and 70% SOC, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a monomer lithium ion battery with the specification of 15Ah as a lithium ion battery to be measured, fixing the volume for 3 weeks at the temperature of 22 ℃ and at the temperature of 0.1C, and then measuring the actual discharge capacity of the monomer lithium ion battery, wherein the lithium ion battery to be measured must meet the following conditions: the actual discharge capacity is less than or equal to 105 percent and is less than or equal to 100 percent of the nominal capacity;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with the constant volume in the step S1 to 70% SOC at the temperature of 22 ℃ with the current of 0.05C, and then standing for 8 hours at the temperature of 0 ℃;
s3, subjecting the lithium ion battery after standing in the step S2 to pulse discharge for 15S at 0 ℃, 70% SOC and 0.2C, then standing for 90S, then performing pulse charge for 15S, and then standing for 90S, wherein the steps are 1 cycle and 10 cycles;
s4, disassembling the lithium ion battery processed in the step S3, judging whether the feedback charging can be carried out by applying 0.2C current under the conditions of 0 ℃ and 70% SOC by observing whether the interface separates lithium, and if the lithium separation occurs, the feedback charging cannot be carried out; if no lithium precipitation occurs, this is possible.
Example 2
Verifying whether the lithium ion battery to be tested can be fed back and charged by applying 2C current under the conditions of 55 ℃ and 95% SOC, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a monomer lithium ion battery with the specification of 15Ah as a lithium ion battery to be measured, fixing the volume for 5 weeks at the temperature of 27 ℃ and at the temperature of 0.33 ℃, and then measuring the actual discharge capacity of each monomer lithium ion battery, wherein the lithium ion battery to be measured must meet the following conditions: the actual discharge capacity is less than or equal to 105 percent and is less than or equal to 100 percent of the nominal capacity;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with the constant volume in the step S1 to 95% SOC at the temperature of 27 ℃ with the current of 0.1C, and then standing for 12 hours at the target temperature;
s3, pulse discharging the lithium ion battery after standing in the step S2 for 15S at 55 ℃, 95% SOC and 2C, then standing for 150S, then pulse charging for 15S, and then standing for 150S, wherein the steps are 1 cycle and 10 cycles;
s4, disassembling the lithium ion battery processed in the step S3, judging whether the feedback charging can be carried out by applying 2C current under the conditions of 0 ℃ and 70% SOC by observing whether the interface separates lithium, and if the lithium separation occurs, stopping the feedback charging; if no lithium precipitation occurs, this is possible.
Example 3
Verifying whether the lithium ion battery to be tested can be fed back and charged by applying 0.68C current under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 90% SOC, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a monomer lithium ion battery with the specification of 15Ah as a lithium ion battery to be measured, fixing the volume for 3 weeks at the temperature of 25 ℃ and at the temperature of 0.2C, and then measuring the actual discharge capacity of each monomer lithium ion battery, wherein the lithium ion battery to be measured must meet the following conditions: the actual discharge capacity is less than or equal to 105 percent and is less than or equal to 100 percent of the nominal capacity;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with the constant volume in the step S1 to a target SOC at 25 ℃ by using a current of 0.1C, and then standing for 10 hours at the target temperature;
s3, pulse discharging the lithium ion battery after standing in the step S2 for 30S at 10 ℃, 90% SOC and 0.68 ℃, then standing for 120S, then pulse charging for 30S, and then standing for 120S, wherein the steps are 1 cycle and 10 cycles;
s4, disassembling the lithium ion battery processed in the step S3, judging whether the feedback charging can be carried out by applying 0.68C current under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 90% SOC by observing whether the interface separates lithium, and if the lithium separation occurs, the feedback charging cannot be carried out; if no lithium precipitation occurs, this is possible. The test results are shown in FIG. 1 a. As can be seen from fig. 1a, since lithium deposition exists on the interface, it is determined that the lithium ion battery to be tested cannot be charged by applying a 0.68C current under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 90% SOC.
Example 4
Verifying whether the lithium ion battery to be tested can be fed back and charged by applying 0.5C current under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 90% SOC, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a monomer lithium ion battery with the specification of 15Ah as a lithium ion battery to be measured, fixing the volume for 3 weeks at the temperature of 25 ℃ and at the temperature of 0.2C, and then measuring the actual discharge capacity of each monomer lithium ion battery, wherein the lithium ion battery to be measured must meet the following conditions: the actual discharge capacity is less than or equal to 105 percent and is less than or equal to 100 percent of the nominal capacity;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with the constant volume in the step S1 to a target SOC at 25 ℃ by using a current of 0.1C, and then standing for 10 hours at the target temperature;
s3, pulse discharging the lithium ion battery after standing in the step S2 for 30S at 10 ℃, 90% SOC and 0.68 ℃, then standing for 120S, then pulse charging for 30S, and then standing for 120S, wherein the steps are 1 cycle and 10 cycles;
s4, disassembling the lithium ion battery processed in the step S3, judging whether the feedback charging can be carried out by applying 0.5C current under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 90% SOC by observing whether the interface separates lithium, and if the lithium separation occurs, the feedback charging cannot be carried out; if no lithium precipitation occurs, this is possible. The test results are shown in FIG. 1 b. As can be seen from fig. 1b, since there is lithium deposition on the interface, it is determined that the lithium ion battery to be tested can be charged by applying a 0.5C current under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 90% SOC.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for verifying the feedback charging capability of a lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fixing the volume of the lithium ion battery to be tested for 3-5 weeks at the temperature of 22-27 ℃ and the temperature of 0.1-0.33 ℃, and then measuring the actual discharge capacity;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with the constant volume in the step S1 to a target SOC at the temperature of 22-27 ℃ with the current of 0.05-0.1 ℃, and then standing for a certain time at the target temperature;
s3, under the conditions of target temperature, target SOC and target current, the lithium ion battery after being left stand in the step S2 is subjected to pulse discharge firstly, then is left stand for a certain time, is subjected to pulse charge, and then is left stand for a certain time, the working procedures are 1 cycle, and are circulated for 10-20 times, wherein the pulse charge time and the pulse discharge time are the same;
and S4, judging whether the lithium ion battery to be detected can be charged in a feedback manner by applying the target current at the target temperature and the target SOC through detecting whether the lithium ion battery processed in the step S3 is subjected to lithium analysis.
2. The method for verifying the feedback charging capability of the lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lithium ion battery to be tested satisfies the following conditions: the actual discharge capacity is less than or equal to 105 percent and is less than or equal to 100 percent of the nominal capacity.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the target temperature is 0-55 ℃, the target SOC is 70-95% SOC, and the target current is 0.1-2C.
4. The method for verifying rechargeable capability of li-ion battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the standing time in step S2 is 8-12 h.
5. The method for verifying rechargeable capability of li-ion battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the time for pulse charging and pulse discharging in step S3 is 15-60S.
6. The method for verifying rechargeable capability of li-ion battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the standing time in step S3 is 90-150S.
7. The method for verifying feedback charging capability of a lithium ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the step S4, the specific method for detecting whether lithium analysis occurs in the lithium ion battery to be tested comprises: and (4) disassembling the lithium ion battery processed in the step (S3), and judging whether the interface of the negative electrode layer separates lithium or not by an interface observation method.
8. The method for verifying feedback charging capability of a lithium ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method for determining whether the lithium ion battery to be tested can perform feedback charging by applying a target current under the conditions of a target temperature and a target SOC comprises: if the lithium ion battery to be tested does not have lithium separation, the target current can be applied to carry out feedback charging under the condition; otherwise, the target current may not be applied for the back-feed charging under this condition.
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