CN109004694A - A kind of charging method and device - Google Patents
A kind of charging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109004694A CN109004694A CN201710422543.6A CN201710422543A CN109004694A CN 109004694 A CN109004694 A CN 109004694A CN 201710422543 A CN201710422543 A CN 201710422543A CN 109004694 A CN109004694 A CN 109004694A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of charging method and devices, are related to battery technology field, by combining substep constant-current constant-voltage charging and pulse charge two ways to charge the battery, realize quick charge, and reduce the analysis lithium risk of battery.The charging method includes substep stage and stage pulse, comprising: in the substep stage, executes at least one constant-current constant-voltage charging period；In the substep stage, when the state parameter of battery reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, into stage pulse.During technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applicable in battery charging.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to battery technology field more particularly to a kind of charging method and devices.
[background technique]
With the progress of modern science and technology technology, mobile electronic products are developed rapidly.It is produced as movable electronic
The core component battery of product, also obtains tremendous development, and one of the main direction of development is just faster charging rate.
Currently, commonly used charging method is constant current constant voltage charging mode.The constant-current constant-voltage charging first stage is with constant
Electric current charging；The constant voltage charging of second stage is transferred to when voltage reaches predetermined value, electric current is gradually reduced at this time；Work as charging
When electric current drops to zero, battery is completely filled with, and is the most common charging method of current lithium battery.It is existing in order to improve charging rate
It is substep constant-current constant-voltage charging in the wide fast charge method of application.I.e. battery deposit electricity it is lower when it is permanent using high current
Constant-voltage charge is flowed, the size of charging current is then sequentially reduced, to achieve the purpose that quick charge.
For lithium battery electric core, maximum risk is in charging process: as the electricity of lithium battery increases, working as charging
When electric current is excessive, it is easy to generate analysis lithium in anode.The elemental lithium of precipitation is not sufficiently stable, and is in dendritic crystalline, will lead to side reaction increasing
The cycle lives for influencing battery core and puncture isolation film lead to the security risks such as battery core internal short-circuit more.
In realizing process of the present invention, at least there are the following problems in the prior art for inventor's discovery:
The charging rate at lithium battery initial stage can be improved in substep constant-current constant-voltage charging, but as battery core deposits the increase of electricity,
It needs substep to reduce constant-current charge size of current, to prevent analysis lithium risk, but does so and charging rate will be made to gradually decrease, lead
Cause substep constant-current constant-voltage charging entirety charging rate slower.
[summary of the invention]
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of charging method and device, in conjunction with substep constant-current constant-voltage charging with
Pulse charge improves the whole charging rate of battery.
On the one hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of charging method, and the charging method includes substep stage, pulse rank
Section:
In the substep stage, at least one constant-current constant-voltage charging period is executed, the constant-current constant-voltage charging period includes
The constant-current charge of specified charging current and the constant-voltage charge for having specified blanking voltage；
In the substep stage, when the state parameter of battery reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, into stage pulse；
Wherein, the state parameter of the battery includes in the charging voltage value, rechargeable energy, charging capacity of the battery
It is at least one.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of charging unit, and the charging unit includes:
Execution unit, for executing at least one constant-current constant-voltage charging period, the constant current constant voltage fills in the substep stage
The electric period includes the constant-current charge of specified charging current and the constant-voltage charge for having specified blanking voltage；
First judging unit, for when the state parameter of battery reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, entering in the substep stage
Stage pulse；
Wherein, the state parameter of the battery includes in the charging voltage value, rechargeable energy, charging capacity of the battery
It is at least one.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of charging method and device, charging process includes substep stage and stage pulse,
Substep constant-current constant-voltage charging is used first, when battery status parameter reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, is converted to pulse charge, it can be with
So that battery is filled with more electricity in short time, improves the whole charging rate of battery, and the introducing of pulse current charge can
To alleviate the degree of polarization of battery, reduces galvanic anode and analyse lithium risk, reduce the anode expansion of battery, and improve circulating battery
Energy.
[Detailed description of the invention]
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this field
For those of ordinary skill, without any creative labor, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of another charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a relation schematic diagram of electric current I and time t in charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of another charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of another charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of another charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 (1) is the relation schematic diagram of the charging current I and time t of comparison scheme example i；
Fig. 7 (2) is the relation schematic diagram of the charging current I and time t of embodiment party's case I；
Fig. 8 (1) is the charging rate comparison diagram of comparison scheme example i and embodiment party's case I；
Fig. 8 (2) is the circulation volume conservation rate comparison diagram of comparison scheme example i and embodiment party's case I；
Fig. 8 (3) is the battery core thickness swelling comparison diagram of comparison scheme example i and embodiment party's case I；
Fig. 9 is a kind of composition block diagram of charging unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[specific embodiment]
For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, being retouched in detail to the embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing
It states.
It will be appreciated that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its
Its embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The term used in embodiments of the present invention is only to be not intended to be limiting merely for for the purpose of describing particular embodiments
The present invention.In the embodiment of the present invention and the "an" of singular used in the attached claims, " described " and "the"
It is also intended to including most forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meaning.
It will be appreciated that though judging unit may be described in embodiments of the present invention using term first, second, but this
A little judging units should not necessarily be limited by these terms.These terms are only used to for judging unit being distinguished from each other out.For example, not departing from this
In the case where inventive embodiments range, the first judging unit can also be referred to as second judgment unit, and similarly, the second judgement is single
Member can also be referred to as the first judging unit.
Depending on context, word as used in this " if " can be construed to " ... when " or " when ...
When " or " in response to determination " or " in response to detection ".Similarly, depend on context, phrase " if it is determined that " or " if detection
(condition or event of statement) " can be construed to " when determining " or " in response to determination " or " when the detection (condition of statement
Or event) when " or " in response to detection (condition or event of statement) ".
It should be appreciated that term "and/or" used herein is only a kind of incidence relation for describing affiliated partner, indicate
There may be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, can indicate: individualism A, exist simultaneously A and B, individualism B these three
Situation.In addition, " three kinds, typically represent the relationship that forward-backward correlation object is a kind of "or" to character herein.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of charging methods, and suitable for battery charging process, the charging method includes
Substep stage and stage pulse.
It should be noted that battery described in the embodiment of the present invention includes but is not limited to lithium battery.
As shown in Figure 1, the charging method includes:
101, in the substep stage, at least one constant-current constant-voltage charging period, the constant-current constant-voltage charging period packet are executed
It includes the constant-current charge of specified charging current and has the constant-voltage charge of specified blanking voltage.
Wherein, the specified charging current refers to pre-set constant-current charge electric current；The specified blanking voltage refers to
Be in each constant-current constant-voltage charging period constant-current charge end when battery charging voltage and constant-voltage charge voltage, pass through
Cut-off condition is preset to determine.
At the initial stage of battery charging, in order to guarantee quick charging rate, reduce point of constant-current charge electric current using substep
Step constant current constant voltage mode charges, i.e., carries out constant-current charge first with larger specified charging current, reach specified blanking voltage
After value, into constant-voltage charge, when reaching the specified charging current value of constant-current charge in next constant-current constant-voltage charging period, enter
Next constant-current constant-voltage charging period.The result of constant-voltage charge causes the reduction of charging current, and the result of constant-current charge causes
The raising of charging voltage is constant, therefore the charging current value of constant-current charge is respectively less than upper one in each constant-current constant-voltage charging period
Period, the cutoff voltage value of constant-voltage charge were all larger than equal to a upper period.
It should be noted that the charging current value of constant-current charge can be with the upper constant-current constant-voltage charging period in the substep stage
Charging current value at the end of constant-voltage charge is unequal, at this time in view of the function of substep constant-current constant-voltage charging and battery charging
Process concentration polarization and activation polarization, it is ensured that the charging current value of constant-current charge is less than the charging of upper circulation constant-current charge
Current value.
102, in the substep stage, when the state parameter of battery reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, into stage pulse.
Wherein, the state parameter of the battery includes in the charging voltage value, rechargeable energy, charging capacity of the battery
It is at least one.
Wherein, the analysis lithium restrictive condition refers to entering the embedding lithium in the stage or galvanic anode that are easy to analyse lithium in battery
When amount reaches a certain level, according to the restrictive condition of the state parameter of battery setting.Such as the charging voltage of 4.35V system battery
When reaching 4.2V, reach analysis lithium restrictive condition.
The charging for the pulse current form that the charging of stage pulse refers to, i.e., with the first electric current constant-current charge for a period of time it
Afterwards, then with the second electric current constant-current charge, constant-current discharge or resting batteries are carried out, circuited sequentially, the second electric current is generally less than first
Electric current.It should be noted that passing through the first electric current of control stage pulse and the relative value and/or the first electric current of the second electric current
With the accounting of the second current duration, battery can be made to be filled with more electricity compared with the substep stage in same time, ensure that
The charging rate of battery.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of charging method, charging process includes substep stage and stage pulse, is adopted first
Pulse charge is converted to when battery status parameter reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition with substep constant-current constant-voltage charging, it can be with the short time
So that battery is filled with more electricity, improves the whole charging rate of battery, and the introducing of pulse current charge can be alleviated
The degree of polarization of battery reduces galvanic anode and analyses lithium risk, reduces the anode expansion of battery, and improve cycle performance of battery.
Furthermore, it is understood that in conjunction with aforementioned charging method process, in order to guarantee that battery can be at full charge as far as possible, this technology side
The charging method that case provides further includes constant-voltage phase, therefore the alternatively possible implementation of the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides
Following charging method process executes after step 102, as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
103, in stage pulse, when the charging voltage of battery reaches specified blanking voltage, into constant-voltage phase.
Wherein, the specified blanking voltage refers to the upper limit of the cell safety charging voltage.
Constant-voltage phase can further charge after the charging voltage of battery reaches specified blanking voltage in step 103, real
Existing battery completely fills substantially.
For the apparent entire charging process of description, as shown in Figure 3, for step 101 to the entire charging process of step 103
In, a relation schematic diagram of electric current I and time t.
Furthermore, it is understood that in conjunction with aforementioned charging method process, in order to carry out further clearer explanation to the substep stage
Illustrate, for the realization of step 101, the alternatively possible implementation of the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides following charging method
Process, as shown in Figure 4, comprising:
1011, in n-th of constant-current constant-voltage charging period, with the n-th charging current constant-current charge to the n-th cut-off condition, so
Afterwards with the n-th blanking voltage constant-voltage charge to the (n+1)th charging current.
Wherein, the n-th charging current is different with the current value of the (n+1)th charging current, and 0 < the (n+1)th electric current < the n-th electric current, n is positive
Integer.
The specific implementation procedure of step 1011 is as follows:
Then the first step is filled with the first charging current constant-current charge to the first cut-off condition with the first blanking voltage constant pressure
Electricity is to the second charging current.
Then second step is filled with the second charging current constant-current charge to the second cut-off condition with the second blanking voltage constant pressure
Electricity is to third charging current.
And so on, until the n-th step, when the state parameter of the battery reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, with the n-th charging current
Constant-current charge is to the n-th cut-off condition, then with the n-th blanking voltage constant-voltage charge to the (n+1)th charging current.
Wherein, 0 < the (n+1)th electric current < n-th electric current < ... the < the second electric current < the first electric current, the cut-off of the first blanking voltage≤second
Voltage≤... the≤the (n-1)th blanking voltage≤the n-th blanking voltage.
Wherein, in every step charging process constant-current charge cut-off condition include at least the battery specified charging voltage
At least one of value, specified rechargeable energy, specified charging capacity.With 4.35V (voltage, voltage unit, volt) system electricity
Pond, cut-off condition are that specified charging voltage value is illustrated, for example, the first cut-off condition: battery charging voltage 4.0V；Second section
Only condition: battery charging voltage 4.1V, etc..It is that specified rechargeable energy is illustrated with cut-off condition, for example, the first cut-off item
Part: battery charging power 35%；Second cut-off condition: battery charging power 58%, etc..It is specified charging capacity with cut-off condition
It illustrates, for example, the first cut-off condition: battery charge capacity 40%；Second cut-off condition: battery charge capacity 65%, etc..
Wherein, charging voltage when every step constant-current charge ends is the blanking voltage of every step.
It should be noted that the cut-off condition of constant-current charge can be arranged according to different temperatures range more than two sets in every step
Above cut-off parameter.Because battery charging process concentration polarization and activation polarization can be by temperature conditions, thus phase
The polarization potential generated at different temperatures with current value is different, it is therefore desirable to different cut-off condition be arranged.
It further illustrates, the cut-off condition of constant-current charge preferentially selects voltage cut-off and energy in every step charging process
Cut-off, because internal driving can be gradually increased as circulating battery was increased using the time, if using capacity as ending item
Part, it is possible to lead to the presence of analysis lithium risk using the later period.
Furthermore, it is understood that in conjunction with aforementioned charging method process, in order to carry out clearer explanation to stage pulse, this
The alternatively possible implementation of inventive embodiments additionally provides following implementations, as shown in Figure 5, comprising:
Stage pulse includes at least one pulse charge period, and each pulse charge period includes:
1021, a is walked, with electric current IxCarry out constant-current charge.
It should be noted that consider entire charging process, the electric current I in step 1021xIt can be under step 1011
The (n+1)th charging current.
1022, b is walked, with electric current IyCarry out constant-current charge or constant-current discharge or standing.
It should be noted that in b step, it is contemplated that the concentration polarization for quickly eliminating charge accumulation in a step, to reduce
Lithium risk is analysed, and more preferably protection anode and cathode is destroyed from the excessively high bring structure of long-term potential, preferentially uses low discharging current.
Wherein, Iy<Ix, electric current I hereyValue be generally much smaller than electric current Ix.Charging electricity is such as indicated by rate of charge
The size of stream, then electric current IyIt can be 0.05C (C indicates the ratio of battery charging and discharging size of current), electric current IxCan be
0.95C.Wherein, rate of charge C refers to the ratio of charging current Yu battery rated capacity.
Wherein, a step, the termination condition of b step, including specific duration, the battery specifically charge
At least one of voltage value variable, specific rechargeable energy variable, specific charging capacity variable.Such as when a is walked
When termination condition with b step is the specific duration, a can be set and walk lasting 0.9s (second), b, which is walked, continues 0.1s.
When a step and the termination condition of b step are specific charging voltage value variable, battery charging voltage raising can be set
A step is terminated when 0.05V, battery charging voltage terminates b step when reducing 0.01V, other termination conditions are not another
One enumerates.
It should be noted that the termination condition of a step and b step can also be adopted according to different temperatures range in stage pulse
With different terminal parameters, to optimize due to environment temperature difference bring polarizing voltage difference risk.
Furthermore, it is understood that in conjunction with aforementioned charging method process, in order to carry out clearer explanation to constant-voltage phase, this
The alternatively possible implementation of inventive embodiments additionally provides following implementations for the realization of step 103, such as Fig. 6 institute
Show, comprising:
1031, specified cut-off current is charged to the specified blanking voltage.
Wherein, the specified cut-off current refers to that battery completely fills the final cut-off electricity of (defined fully charged state) substantially
Stream.
After constant-voltage phase charges to specified cut-off current with specified blanking voltage, charging process is completed.
Furthermore, it is understood that in conjunction with aforementioned charging method process, in order to make goal of the invention of the invention, technical solution and technology
Effect is more clear, and test and comparing result below in conjunction with specific embodiment, invention is further explained.
In following specific embodiments, example i, example ii scheme as a comparison complete battery using substep constant-current constant-voltage charging
Entire charging process.Example I, example II, example III, example IV, example V and example VI are based on charging side provided by the invention as embodiment
Method completes entire charging process by substep constant-current constant-voltage charging and pulse charge stage.The battery that each scheme is used uniformly
For system using LiCoO2 (cobalt acid lithium) as cathode, graphite adds diaphragm, electrolyte and pack case as anode, by mixing,
The techniques such as coating, assembly, chemical conversion and ageing are made.Wherein, cell cathode by 96.7%LiCoO2 (as cathode active material)+
1.7%PVDF (Kynoar, as binder)+1.6%SP (ultra-fine carbon dust, as conductive agent) mixing composition, battery sun
Pole is by 98% artificial graphite (as anode active material)+1.0%SBR (butadiene-styrene rubber, as binder)+1.0%CMC (carboxylic
Methylcellulose, as thickener) mixing composition, diaphragm be PP (polypropylene)/PE (polyethylene)/PP composite membrane, electrolyte by
Organic solvent (30%EC (ethylene carbonate)+30%PC (propene carbonate)+40%DEC (diethyl carbonate)) and 1mol/L
LiPF6 (lithium hexafluoro phosphate), add additive (0.5%VC (vinylene carbonate), 5%FEC (fluorinated ethylene carbonate),
4%VEC (vinylethylene carbonate)) composition.The cell safety charging voltage upper limit (i.e. specified blanking voltage) is 4.35V.
It should be noted that being, charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applicable to various voltage regime batteries, unlimited
In 4.35V system.
Firstly, according to the test and its test result of comparison scheme example i and embodiment party's case I, to embodiment of the present invention
Effect carry out detailed analysis.
Example i
Step (1) 1.2C constant-current charge is to 4.0V；4.0V constant-voltage charge is to 1.0C.
Step (2) 1.0C constant-current charge is to 4.2V；4.2V constant-voltage charge is to 0.5C.
Step (3) 0.5C constant-current charge is to 4.35V；4.35V constant-voltage charge is to 0.1C；Charging process is completed.
Example I
Step (1) 1.2C constant-current charge is to 4.0V；4.0V constant-voltage charge is to 1.0C.
Step (2) 1.0C constant-current charge is to 4.2V；4.2V constant-voltage charge is to 0.9C.
Step (3) a:0.9C constant-current charge 0.95s；B:0.02C constant-current discharge 0.05s.
A and b circulation in step (4) step (3), until battery charging voltage reaches 4.35V.
Step (5) 4.35V constant-voltage charge is to 0.1C；Charging process is completed.
Wherein, example i is consistent with the test environment temperature of example I, > 20 DEG C.
The relation schematic diagram of the charging current I and time t of example i and example I are shown in Fig. 7 (1) and Fig. 7 (2) respectively.Wherein, electric current I
Unit be mA (milliampere), the unit of time t is min (minute).It should be noted that black square part is arteries and veins in Fig. 7 (2)
Charge and discharge process is rushed, because a, b step cycle frequency are very big, Fig. 7 (2) only makees to illustrate.
Charging rate, circulation volume conservation rate, cyclic process by a large amount of test data to example i, example I charging process
Middle battery core thickness swelling compares, and sees Fig. 8 (1), Fig. 8 (2), Fig. 8 (3) respectively.
In Fig. 8 (1), when charging 58 minutes, it is only filled with the 84% of battery total capacity by the method for example i, and passes through example I's
Method has been filled with the 90% of battery total capacity, it is seen that charging method provided by the invention can be further improved charging rate.
In Fig. 8 (2), at cycle charging 581 weeks, charged by the method for example i, circulating battery capacity retention ratio is only
91%；And charged by the method for example I, circulating battery capacity retention ratio is 93.2%, it is seen that charging provided by the invention
Method can significantly improve circulating battery capacity retention ratio, improve the service life cycle of battery.
In Fig. 8 (3), at cycle charging 600 weeks, charged by the method for example i, battery core thickness swelling in cyclic process
Rate is 8.23%；And charged by the method for example I, battery core thickness swelling is 5.43% in cyclic process, it is seen that this hair
Battery core thickness swelling in circulating battery charging process can be significantly reduced in the charging method of bright offer, further decreases battery core
Load space accounting.
It should be noted that the comparison scheme and embodiment that use do not cause battery core anode to analyse lithium.And do not occurring
In the case where analysing lithium, in conjunction with Fig. 7 (1) and Fig. 7 (2), it can be seen that, using charging method provided by the invention, the phase can in charging
To use biggish pulse current charge, so that this stage be made to have faster charging rate.Therefore as shown in Fig. 8 (1), this hair
The charging rate of the charging method of bright offer phase after charging will be significantly faster than that substep constant-current constant-voltage charging compares scheme.Due to arteries and veins
The addition in stage is rushed, the degree that anode is destroyed during the charging process can be effectively relieved.Therefore as shown in Fig. 8 (2) and Fig. 8 (3),
Using charging method of the invention, battery core circulation volume conservation rate is significantly improved, and cyclic process battery core thickness swelling is aobvious
It writes and reduces.
Then, by changing the specific test parameter of comparison scheme and embodiment, according to comparison scheme example ii and implementation
Scheme example II, example III, example IV, example V, example VI, are further analyzed the effect of embodiment of the present invention.
Example ii
Step (1) 1.2C constant-current charge is to 3.9V；3.9V constant-voltage charge is to 1.0C.
Step (2) 1.0C constant-current charge is to 4.1V；4.1V constant-voltage charge is to 0.5C.
Step (3) 0.5C constant-current charge is to 4.35V；4.35V constant-voltage charge is to 0.1C；Charging process is completed.
Example II
Step (1) 1.2C constant-current charge is to 3.9V；3.9V constant-voltage charge is to 1.0C.
Step (2) 1.0C constant-current charge is to 4.1V；4.1V constant-voltage charge is to 0.9C.
Step (3) a:0.9C constant-current charge 0.9s；B:0.01C constant-current discharge 0.1s.
A and b circulation in step (4) step (3), until voltage reaches 4.35V.
Step (5) 4.35V constant-voltage charge is to 0.1C；Charging process is completed.
Wherein, example ii is consistent with the test environment temperature of example II,<20 DEG C, and>10 DEG C.
Example III
Step (1) 1.2C constant-current charge is to 4.0V；4.0V constant-voltage charge is to 1.0C.
Step (2) 1.0C constant-current charge is to 4.2V；4.2V constant-voltage charge is to 0.9C.
Step (3) a:0.9C constant-current charge 0.95s；B:0.01C constant-current charge 0.05s.
A and b circulation in step (4) step (3), until battery charging voltage reaches 4.35V.
Step (5) 4.35V constant-voltage charge is to 0.1C；Charging process is completed.
Example IV
Step (1) 1.2C constant-current charge is to 4.0V；4.0V constant-voltage charge is to 1.0C.
Step (2) 1.0C constant-current charge is to 4.2V；4.2V constant-voltage charge is to 0.9C.
Step (3) a:0.9C constant-current charge 0.9s；B: 0.1s is stood.
A and b circulation in step (4) step (3), until battery charging voltage reaches 4.35V.
Step (5) 4.35V constant-voltage charge is to 0.1C；Charging process is completed.
Example V
Step (1) 1.2C constant-current charge is to nominal capacity 40%；With voltage at this time, constant-voltage charge to 1.0C.
Step (2) 1.0C constant-current charge is to nominal capacity 65%；With voltage at this time, constant-voltage charge to 0.9C.
Step (3) a:0.9C constant-current charge 0.95s；B:0.02C constant-current discharge 0.05s.
A and b circulation in step (4) step (3), until voltage reaches 4.35V.
Step (5) 4.35V constant-voltage charge is to 0.1C；Charging process is completed.
Example VI
Step (1) 1.2C constant-current charge is to nominal energy 35%；With voltage at this time, constant-voltage charge to 1.0C.
Step (2) 1.0C constant-current charge is to nominal energy 58%；With voltage at this time, constant-voltage charge to 0.9C.
Step (3) a:0.9C constant-current charge 0.95s；B:0.02C constant-current discharge 0.05s.
A and b circulation in step (4) step (3), until voltage reaches 4.35V.
Step (5) 4.35V constant-voltage charge is to 0.1C；Charging process is completed.
Wherein, the test environment temperature of example III, example IV, example V and example VI are consistent, > 20 DEG C.
No longer provide the result figure of the specific test data of an ii and example II, example III, example IV, example V, example VI one by one herein,
Each example charging rate, circulation volume conservation rate and cyclic process battery core thickness swelling are only included in table 1.In table 1, each example is followed
Ring capacity retention ratio is 100 weeks test results of cycle charging, and cyclic process battery core thickness swelling is cycle charging
1000 weeks test results.It can be seen that use embodiment of the present invention, completely fills the time under the conditions of identical temperature and shorten, follow
Capacity retention ratio is higher after ring, and thickness swelling is smaller.
Table 1
It should be noted that different electric core architectures are under the premise of guaranteeing that anode does not analyse lithium, the charging current parameter of permission
Will be different, it will no longer illustrate one by one here.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of charging unit, is suitable for above-mentioned charging method process, as shown in figure 9,
The charging unit includes:
Execution unit 21, for executing at least one constant-current constant-voltage charging period, the constant current constant voltage in the substep stage
Charge cycle includes the constant-current charge of specified charging current and the constant-voltage charge for having specified blanking voltage.
First judging unit 22 was used in the substep stage, when the state parameter of battery reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, into
Enter stage pulse.
Wherein, the state parameter of the battery includes in the charging voltage value, rechargeable energy, charging capacity of the battery
It is at least one.
Optionally, the charging unit further include:
Second judgment unit 23 is used in stage pulse, when the charging voltage of battery reaches specified blanking voltage, into
Enter constant-voltage phase.
Optionally, the execution unit 21 is specifically used for:
In n-th of constant-current constant-voltage charging period, with the n-th charging current constant-current charge to the n-th cut-off condition, then with
N blanking voltage constant-voltage charge is to the (n+1)th charging current；
Wherein, n is positive integer；0 < the (n+1)th electric current < the n-th electric current.
Optionally, the cut-off condition of the constant-current charge includes the specified charging voltage value of the battery, specified charging
At least one of energy, specified charging capacity.
Optionally, the stage pulse includes at least one pulse charge period.
Optionally, first judging unit 22 is specifically used for:
A step, with electric current IxCarry out constant-current charge；
B step, with electric current IyCarry out constant-current charge or constant-current discharge or standing；
Wherein, Iy<Ix。
Optionally, a step, the termination condition of b step include that specific duration, the battery are specific
At least one of charging voltage value variable, specific rechargeable energy variable, specific charging capacity variable.
Optionally, the second judgment unit 23 is specifically used for:
Specified cut-off current is charged to the specified blanking voltage.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of charging unit, charging process includes substep stage and stage pulse, is adopted first
Pulse charge is converted to when battery status parameter reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition with substep constant-current constant-voltage charging, it can be with the short time
So that battery is filled with more electricity, improves the whole charging rate of battery, and the introducing of pulse current charge can be alleviated
The degree of polarization of battery reduces galvanic anode and analyses lithium risk, reduces the anode expansion of battery, and improve cycle performance of battery.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, the system of foregoing description,
The specific work process of device and unit, can refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein.
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed system, device and method can be with
It realizes by another way.For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the unit
It divides, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or group
Part can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, it is shown
Or the mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection discussed can be through some interfaces, device or unit it is indirect
Coupling or communication connection can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.It can select some or all of unit therein according to the actual needs to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme
's.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of hardware adds SFU software functional unit.
The above-mentioned integrated unit being realized in the form of SFU software functional unit can store and computer-readable deposit at one
In storage media.Above-mentioned SFU software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer
It is each that device (can be personal computer, server or network equipment etc.) or processor (Processor) execute the present invention
The part steps of embodiment the method.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-
Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic or disk etc. it is various
It can store the medium of program code.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of charging method, which is characterized in that the charging method includes substep stage, stage pulse:
In the substep stage, at least one constant-current constant-voltage charging period is executed, the constant-current constant-voltage charging period includes specified
The constant-current charge of charging current and the constant-voltage charge for having specified blanking voltage；
In the substep stage, when the state parameter of battery reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, into stage pulse；
Wherein, the state parameter of the battery include in the charging voltage value, rechargeable energy, charging capacity of the battery at least
It is a kind of.
2. charging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charging method further includes constant-voltage phase:
In stage pulse, when the charging voltage of battery reaches specified blanking voltage, into constant-voltage phase.
3. charging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the substep stage includes:
In n-th of constant-current constant-voltage charging period, with the n-th charging current constant-current charge to the n-th cut-off condition, then with n-th section
Only voltage constant-voltage charge is to the (n+1)th charging current；
Wherein, n is positive integer；0 < the (n+1)th electric current < the n-th electric current.
4. charging method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the cut-off condition of the constant-current charge includes the battery
Specified charging voltage value, specified rechargeable energy, at least one of specified charging capacity.
5. charging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stage pulse includes at least one pulse charge week
Phase.
6. charging method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the pulse charge period includes:
A step, with electric current IxCarry out constant-current charge；
B step, with electric current IyCarry out constant-current charge or constant-current discharge or standing；
Wherein, Iy<Ix。
7. charging method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the termination condition of a step and b step includes, special
Fixed duration, the specific charging voltage value variable of the battery, specific rechargeable energy variable, specific charging capacity become
At least one of amount.
8. charging method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the constant-voltage phase includes:
Specified cut-off current is charged to the specified blanking voltage.
9. a kind of charging unit, which is characterized in that the charging unit includes:
Execution unit, in the substep stage, executing at least one constant-current constant-voltage charging period, the constant-current constant-voltage charging week
Phase includes the constant-current charge of specified charging current and the constant-voltage charge for having specified blanking voltage；
First judging unit was used in the substep stage, when the state parameter of battery reaches analysis lithium restrictive condition, into pulse
Stage；
Wherein, the state parameter of the battery include in the charging voltage value, rechargeable energy, charging capacity of the battery at least
It is a kind of.
10. charging unit according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the charging unit further include:
Second judgment unit is used in stage pulse, when the charging voltage of battery reaches specified blanking voltage, into constant pressure
Stage.
11. charging unit according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the execution unit is specifically used for:
In n-th of constant-current constant-voltage charging period, with the n-th charging current constant-current charge to the n-th cut-off condition, then with n-th section
Only voltage constant-voltage charge is to the (n+1)th charging current；
Wherein, n is just integer；0 < the (n+1)th electric current < the n-th electric current.
12. charging unit according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the cut-off condition of the constant-current charge includes the electricity
At least one of the specified charging voltage value in pond, specified rechargeable energy, specified charging capacity.
13. charging unit according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the stage pulse includes at least one pulse charge
Period.
14. 3 charging unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first judging unit is specifically used for:
A step, with electric current IxCarry out constant-current charge；
B step, with electric current IyCarry out constant-current charge or constant-current discharge or standing；
Wherein, Iy<Ix。
15. 4 charging unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that a step, the termination condition of b step include, special
Fixed duration, the specific charging voltage value variable of the battery, specific rechargeable energy variable, specific charging capacity become
At least one of amount.
16. charging unit according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the second judgment unit is specifically used for:
Specified cut-off current is charged to the specified blanking voltage.
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| CN112820963A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-18 | 清华大学 | Low-temperature charging method for lithium ion battery |
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| CN114171811B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-07-18 | 上海瑞浦青创新能源有限公司 | Stepped charging method and device and application thereof |
| CN114171811A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 上海瑞浦青创新能源有限公司 | Stepped charging method and charging device and application thereof |
| WO2023124049A1 (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-06 | 常州智戌新能源电力科技有限公司 | Power lithium battery fault repair machine and power lithium battery charging method |
| CN115494400B (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-03-28 | 河南科技学院 | Lithium battery lithium separation state online monitoring method based on ensemble learning |
| CN115494400A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-20 | 河南科技学院 | Lithium battery lithium separation state online monitoring method based on ensemble learning |
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