CN111442965A - Method for diagnosing damage of purple cabbage caused by soil potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrient imbalance - Google Patents
Method for diagnosing damage of purple cabbage caused by soil potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrient imbalance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111442965A CN111442965A CN202010451089.9A CN202010451089A CN111442965A CN 111442965 A CN111442965 A CN 111442965A CN 202010451089 A CN202010451089 A CN 202010451089A CN 111442965 A CN111442965 A CN 111442965A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for diagnosing damage of purple cabbage caused by soil potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrient imbalance, which comprises the following steps: (1) layered sampling of soil; collecting 10 sampling points in an S shape in a soil sampling plot every 100 square meters, respectively taking 0-10cm and 10-20cm of soil at each sampling point, uniformly mixing 10 soil samples with the same sampling point depth, and air-drying to obtain air-dried soil; (2) measuring the content of water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in the soil; (3) evaluation: and (3) comparing the concentrations of potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in the soil obtained by the determination in the step (2) with those in the tables 1 and 2, and judging whether the concentrations of the potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in the soil are higher or lower. According to the invention, the degree of damage of the crops to the potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrient imbalance is judged by diagnosing the content of main component ions causing the soil nutrient imbalance, and a complete, scientific, reasonable and feasible diagnosis method is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for diagnosing damage of purple cabbage caused by soil potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrient imbalance, belongs to the technical field of detection, and can be used for detecting the degree of soil nutrient imbalance of a planting field, the degree of damage caused by soil nutrient imbalance and the like.
Background
The greenhouse vegetable cultivation in the last 70 th century is popularized and promoted in China in a large area, and the climax of the development of the greenhouse, the sunlight greenhouse and other facilities is formed in the last 90 th century, so that the greenhouse agriculture is distributed in all parts of China. The facility agriculture has the characteristics of high material input level, high crop yield and high economic benefit, and the profit of the facility agriculture is obviously higher than that of the production of open field vegetables. However, the facility agriculture has high input and high intensity production mode, and unreasonable fertilization and irrigation cause the accumulation of a large amount of nutrient ions on the surface layer of the soil. However, the imbalance of nutrient input and the difference of nutrient absorption of crops and the like cause the total nutrient content of the soil to be increased, the ion enrichment of elements such as soil N, P, K and the like occurs, and simultaneously the deficiency of soil effective magnesium, molybdenum, boron and the like occurs, so that the nutrient imbalance of the crops is caused. The application of a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer causes soil acidification, promotes the dissolution of insoluble calcium in soil, particularly calcareous soil, greatly improves the concentration of calcium ions in the soil and aggravates the nutrient imbalance degree. The unbalance of soil nutrients causes poor growth of crops, the nutrient absorption capacity is poor, various nutrient ions caused by excessive fertilization are further accumulated in the soil to form secondary soil salinization, the crop growth is stressed by multiple environments, the soil barrier factors are continuously increased along with the increase of the planting age, and the sustainable development of facility production is severely restricted. Unscientific fertilization leads to nutrient imbalance, reduced crop absorption, increased soil ion concentration, and serious non-point source pollution caused by water entering surface water or underground water. Because the real reason of poor crop growth is not known, blind fertilization cannot promote crop growth, but causes poor crop growth and even no harvest, so that facility agriculture in many areas is in a very passive situation. How to solve the nutrient balance problem, especially the most prominent potassium-calcium-magnesium balance problem becomes the problem which is necessary to be solved firstly at present. From previous investigations, we have found: (1) the potassium-containing fertilizer is applied in a large amount to cause the concentration of potassium ions in soil to be higher, and the soil is seriously deficient in calcium and magnesium; (2) the large amount of nitrogen-containing fertilizer is applied to cause soil acidification, which causes the high concentration of calcium ions and serious potassium and magnesium deficiency of the soil; (3) the two conditions exist simultaneously, which causes the concentration of potassium ions and calcium ions in the soil to be higher and the soil to be seriously lack of magnesium. Aiming at the series of practical production problems, scientific detection, evaluation and solution of nutrient imbalance of the problems are urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for diagnosing the damage of purple cabbage caused by the unbalance of soil potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrients in order to diagnose the damage degree caused by the unbalance of soil nutrients. The invention judges the degree of damage of the crops to the potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrient imbalance by diagnosing the content of main composition ions causing the soil nutrient imbalance, and provides a complete, scientific, reasonable and feasible diagnosis method.
The invention aims to realize the method for diagnosing the damage of the purple cabbage caused by the unbalance of the soil potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrients, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) layered sampling of soil;
collecting 10 sampling points in an S shape in a soil sampling plot every 100 square meters, respectively taking 0-10cm and 10-20cm of soil at each sampling point, uniformly mixing 10 soil samples with the same sampling point depth, and air-drying to obtain air-dried soil;
(2) measuring the content of water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in soil, comprising the following steps:
① pulverizing air-dried soil to 20 meshes, weighing 10.0g of air-dried soil with 20 meshes, placing in a plastic bottle, adding 50m L of CO-free soil2Stirring the pure water vigorously for 90s, standing for 30min, and filtering to obtain a solution to be detected;
② determination of K in the liquid to be detected by flame spectrophotometry+Measuring Ca by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry2+、Mg2+Measuring to obtain the concentration of water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in the soil;
(3) evaluation:
comparing the potassium, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations in the soil obtained by the determination in the step (2) with the following tables 1 and 2, and judging whether the potassium, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations in the soil are higher or lower;
TABLE 1 reference index for absolute deficiency and excess of K, Ca and Mg in soil
TABLE 2 reference indexes for diagnosing relative deficiency and excess of K, Ca and Mg in soil
According to the invention, the diagnosis method comprises the diagnosis of the soil nutrient unbalance of the planting field and the determination and evaluation of the content of potassium-calcium-magnesium and other soil water-soluble ions. The diagnosis of facility soil nutrient unbalance comprises a soil layered sampling method, a soil sample water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium determination method and evaluation indexes.
(1) A soil layered sampling method;
10 sampling points are collected in an S shape in every 100 square meters of a sampling place, 0-10cm and 10-20cm of soil are respectively taken, and the soil samples with the same depth of the 10 sampling points are uniformly mixed.
(2) A method for measuring the content of water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in soil; the method comprises the following steps:
① air-dried soil 10.0g (20 mesh) is weighed into a plastic bottle, and 50m L pure water (no CO) is added2) Vigorously stirring for 90s, standing for 30min, and filtering to obtain solution to be detected;
② determination of K in the liquid to be detected by flame spectrophotometry+(ii) a Determination of Ca by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry2+、Mg2+. And (4) measuring to obtain the concentrations of water-soluble potassium ions, calcium ions and magnesium ions of the soil.
(3) Evaluation:
when the concentrations of potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in the soil are too high or too low, the concentration of relevant examples can be preliminarily judged to be higher or lower; when the concentration ratio of potassium ions, calcium ions and magnesium ions in the soil is too large or too small, the concentration of relevant examples can be preliminarily judged to be too high or too low.
TABLE 1 reference index for absolute deficiency and excess of K, Ca and Mg in soil
TABLE 2 reference indexes for diagnosing relative deficiency and excess of potassium, calcium and magnesium in soil
The specific process of the invention is as follows:
collecting and preparing a facility soil sample;
measuring the concentrations of water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium in facility soil;
judging the nutrient unbalance degree of the facility soil: based on the concentration and ratio of the soil sample water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the diagnostic method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The case is that the damage of the vegetable base in the lodging area of the lodging city caused by the unbalance of the soil nutrient is analyzed and investigated.
Soil sample content analysis report
Claims (1)
1. A method for diagnosing damage of purple cabbage caused by soil potassium-calcium-magnesium nutrient imbalance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) layered sampling of soil;
collecting 10 sampling points in an S shape in a soil sampling plot every 100 square meters, respectively taking 0-10cm and 10-20cm of soil at each sampling point, uniformly mixing 10 soil samples with the same sampling point depth, and air-drying to obtain air-dried soil;
(2) measuring the content of water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in soil, comprising the following steps:
① pulverizing air-dried soil to 20 meshes, weighing 10.0g of air-dried soil with 20 meshes, placing in a plastic bottle, adding 50m L of CO-free soil2Stirring the pure water vigorously for 90s, standing for 30min, and filtering to obtain a solution to be detected;
② determination of K in the liquid to be detected by flame spectrophotometry+Measuring Ca by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry2+、Mg2+Measuring to obtain the concentration of water-soluble potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in the soil;
(3) evaluation:
comparing the potassium, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations in the soil obtained by the determination in the step (2) with the following tables 1 and 2, and judging whether the potassium, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations in the soil are higher or lower;
TABLE 1 reference index for absolute deficiency and excess of K, Ca and Mg in soil
TABLE 2 reference indexes for diagnosing relative deficiency and excess of K, Ca and Mg in soil
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112147304A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-29 | 扬州大学 | Method for diagnosing nutrient unbalance damage of facility soil |
| CN112595680A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-04-02 | 扬州大学 | Rapid diagnosis method for damage of facility small green vegetables by soil nitrogen-magnesium-boron nutrient imbalance |
| CN112858277A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-28 | 宿迁市宿城区农业技术推广中心 | Method for diagnosing soil available boron-available phosphorus nutrient balance of greenhouse radish |
| CN112924524A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | 宿迁市宿豫区农业技术推广中心 | Diagnosis method for damage of cabbage by unbalance of available molybdenum-available phosphorus nutrients in facility soil |
| CN117497072A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-02-02 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Tobacco physiological magnesium deficiency risk evaluation method based on soil index |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112147304A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-29 | 扬州大学 | Method for diagnosing nutrient unbalance damage of facility soil |
| CN112595680A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-04-02 | 扬州大学 | Rapid diagnosis method for damage of facility small green vegetables by soil nitrogen-magnesium-boron nutrient imbalance |
| CN112858277A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-28 | 宿迁市宿城区农业技术推广中心 | Method for diagnosing soil available boron-available phosphorus nutrient balance of greenhouse radish |
| CN112924524A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | 宿迁市宿豫区农业技术推广中心 | Diagnosis method for damage of cabbage by unbalance of available molybdenum-available phosphorus nutrients in facility soil |
| CN117497072A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-02-02 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Tobacco physiological magnesium deficiency risk evaluation method based on soil index |
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