CN111441390A - Construction method of permanent rigid waterproof layer - Google Patents
Construction method of permanent rigid waterproof layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111441390A CN111441390A CN202010278827.4A CN202010278827A CN111441390A CN 111441390 A CN111441390 A CN 111441390A CN 202010278827 A CN202010278827 A CN 202010278827A CN 111441390 A CN111441390 A CN 111441390A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The construction method of the permanent rigid waterproof layer comprises the following steps: firstly, performing waterproof and leveling treatment on the surface of a supporting wall or a cushion layer; then, plain ash is respectively sprayed on the supporting wall or the cushion leveling layer by a guniting machine to form a first plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5mm, a second cement mortar layer with the thickness of 4-8 mm, a third plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5mm, a fourth cement mortar layer with the thickness of 4-8 mm and a fifth plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5mm, so that a rigid waterproof layer is formed; the construction method is characterized in that the structural wall is built in the rigid waterproof layer of the supporting wall, the supporting wall and the structural wall are integrated, so that the bearing capacity and the anti-floating capacity of the foundation are greatly improved, certain constraint effect on resilience, uplift and settlement of foundation soil is achieved, the rigid waterproof layer, the supporting retaining wall and the structural wall in the foundation pit are made of the same material, the strength and the durability are equal, the rigid waterproof layer, the supporting retaining wall and the structural wall in the foundation pit are easy to bond together, and in the foundation construction process, no precipitation or pollution discharge is needed, no fertilizer groove is used for backfilling, the construction speed is high, the quality is good, the construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of a permanent rigid waterproof layer.
Background
At present, in order to save land and fully utilize underground space in urban construction, some new technologies are researched and developed, and the application of the new technologies promotes the development of deep foundation. The support of present deep basal pit and precipitation mostly adopt row's stake anchor structure to strut and the construction of pit outer major structure well precipitation technology, and a fender pile and precipitation well are temporary engineering, and the engineering volume is very big, and after the foundation construction, all do useless, can not make full use of, cause very big waste. The permanent rigid waterproof layer is built by adopting a green design construction technology to replace an organic waterproof layer of an underground structure to be connected with a temporary foundation pit supporting wall, and can be used as an external template for structure construction to be connected with a structural wall, so that the bearing capacity and the anti-buoyancy of the foundation are greatly improved by combining the two walls, and a certain constraint effect on resilience, uplift and settlement of base soil is achieved.
The existing large-volume reinforced concrete underground structure is permeable, and can be said to have no impermeable reinforced concrete. The main reason is that the volume of the cement is required to shrink during hydration, more importantly, the cement only needs about 20 percent of water during hydration, and the cement ratio can be constructed only when the water-cement ratio is more than 0.3 during the construction of the bulk concrete, so the redundant free water exists in the reinforced concrete during the hydration of the concrete; and (4) forming concrete water-permeable channels by pores formed after the free water is evaporated, and needing waterproof treatment. At present, the organic waterproof layer is generally adopted for treatment, and the effect is poor. Underground structure: the waterproof layer is externally attached, the waterproof layer is aged after years, some subways, buildings, basements, underground markets, civil air defences and the like are seriously leaked through investigation, various leakage blocking methods are adopted for treatment, the effect is poor, a diversion method is often adopted for treatment, the basements are wet due to water leakage, and equipment is corroded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor waterproof treatment and easy aging of the existing organic waterproof layer, and provides a construction method of a permanent rigid waterproof layer, wherein the permanent rigid waterproof layer replaces an underground structure organic waterproof layer, and a temporary support wall is connected with a structure wall, so that the permanent rigid waterproof layer can be used as an external template for foundation construction and can also be used as a structure wall of a basement.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a construction method of a permanent rigid waterproof layer, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(a) treating the surface of a supporting wall or a lining
Washing the surface of the support wall or the surface of the cushion layer with water, then respectively treating the surface of the support wall or the surface of the cushion layer with a waterproof material to avoid water leakage and water seepage of the support wall or the cushion layer, and then spraying concrete on the surface of the support wall or the surface of the cushion layer for leveling to form a leveling layer;
(b) constructing a rigid waterproof layer on the surface of a supporting wall or a cushion layer
①, spraying plain ash on a leveling layer of a supporting wall or a cushion layer respectively by using a guniting machine to form a first plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5mm, wherein the volume of cement paste in the plain ash expands in the hydration process, excessive water is extruded to the surface of the plain ash through capillary holes and is evaporated into the air;
②, after the first layer of the lime layer is finally set, spraying cement mortar on the first layer of the lime layer by using a mortar spraying machine to form a second cement mortar layer with the thickness of 4-8 mm;
③, after the second cement mortar layer is finally set, spraying plain ash on the second cement mortar layer by using a guniting machine to form a third plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5 mm;
④, after the third layer of plain mortar layer is finally set, spraying cement mortar on the third layer of plain mortar layer by using a mortar spraying machine to form a fourth cement mortar layer with the thickness of 4-8 mm;
⑤, after the fourth cement mortar layer is finally set, spraying plain ash on the fourth cement mortar layer by using a guniting machine to form a fifth plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5 mm;
after the rigid waterproof layer is solidified, watering and curing to form a permanent rigid waterproof layer;
the water-cement ratio of the plain ash is 0.3-0.4; the cement mortar comprises: water, cement and grit, the water cement ratio of cement mortar is 0.4 ~ 0.5, and the ratio of cement to grit is 1: 1 to 2.
The invention relates to a construction method of a permanent rigid waterproof layer, which comprises the following steps: the structural wall is built in the rigid waterproof layer of the supporting wall, and the supporting wall and the structural wall are integrated, so that the strength of the supporting wall and the structural wall is enhanced, and the thickness of the structural wall is reduced.
The invention relates to a construction method of a permanent rigid waterproof layer, which comprises the following steps: the cement used by the supporting wall and the structural wall and the cement used by the rigid waterproof layer are the same materials.
The rigid waterproof layer is prepared by taking micro-expansion cement as a main cementing material. The method is a new way for solving the impermeability of the waterproof layer from inside to outside by forming a large amount of crystals with increased volume such as ettringite and calcium hydroxide in the hydration process of cement, generating certain expansion energy and extruding excessive free water out of the surface of the plain ash through capillary holes to evaporate due to the fact that the ash is very thin.
The rigid waterproof layer is most suitable for deep-buried underground space engineering, because the underground temperature below several meters is about 10 degrees, and the rigid waterproof layer is sprayed on the outer side of the structural wall or the lower side of the bottom plate, the underground has certain humidity, and no dry shrinkage or cold shrinkage is generated. Because the rigid waterproof layer is prepared by cement, the rigid waterproof layer has the same service life as a reinforced concrete structure.
The permanent rigid waterproof layer related by the invention replaces an organic waterproof layer of an underground structure, and can be used as an external template for structure construction if being connected with a temporary retaining wall of a foundation pit; the wall and the structural wall are integrated, so that the bearing capacity and the anti-buoyancy force of the foundation are greatly improved, and the foundation has a certain constraint effect on resilience, uplift and settlement of the foundation soil. The rigid waterproof layer, the retaining wall of the support pile and the inner structure wall of the foundation pit are made of the same material, have the same strength and durability, are easy to bond together, and are most suitable for the design of combining two walls into one. In the process of foundation construction, precipitation is not needed, pollution discharge is not needed, no fertilizer tank is backfilled, the land outside a foundation pit is not damaged, the construction speed is high, the quality is good, the manufacturing cost is low, and the method is an ideal green construction innovation technology and is initiated at home.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the surrounding environment where the permanent rigid waterproof layer is located in the construction method of the permanent rigid waterproof layer according to the present invention.
In fig. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a retaining wall; reference numeral 2 is a rigid waterproof layer; reference numeral 3 is a structural wall; reference numeral 4 is a bottom plate; reference numeral 5 is a cushion layer; reference numeral 6 is a foundation pile.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the permanent rigid waterproof layer is sprayed on the retaining wall 1 or the underlayment 5.
The construction method of the permanent rigid waterproof layer comprises the following steps:
(a) treating the surface of a supporting wall or a lining
Washing the surface of the support wall 1 or the surface of the cushion layer 5 with water, then respectively treating the surface of the support wall 1 or the surface of the cushion layer 5 with waterproof materials to avoid water leakage and water seepage of the support wall 1 or the cushion layer 5, and then spraying concrete on the surface of the support wall 1 or the surface of the cushion layer 5 for leveling to form a leveling layer;
(b) a rigid waterproof layer 2 is constructed on the surface of the supporting wall 1 or the cushion layer 5
①, spraying plain ash on the leveling layer of the supporting wall 1 or the cushion layer 5 respectively by using a guniting machine to form a first plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5mm, wherein the volume of cement paste in the plain ash expands in the hydration process, excessive water is squeezed to the surface of the plain ash through capillary holes and is evaporated into the air;
②, after the first layer of the lime layer is finally set, spraying cement mortar on the first layer of the lime layer by using a mortar spraying machine to form a second cement mortar layer with the thickness of 4-8 mm;
③, after the second cement mortar layer is finally set, spraying plain ash on the second cement mortar layer by a guniting machine to form a third plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5 mm;
④, after the third layer of plain mortar layer is finally set, spraying cement mortar on the third layer of plain mortar layer by using a mortar spraying machine to form a fourth cement mortar layer with the thickness of 4-8 mm;
⑤, after the fourth cement mortar layer is finally set, spraying plain ash on the fourth cement mortar layer by a guniting machine to form a fifth plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5 mm;
after the rigid waterproof layer is solidified, watering and curing to form a permanent rigid waterproof layer;
the water-cement ratio of the plain ash is 0.3-0.4; the cement mortar comprises: water, cement and grit, the water cement ratio of cement mortar is 0.4 ~ 0.5, and the ratio of cement to grit is 1: 1 to 2.
The structural wall 3 is built in the rigid waterproof layer 2 of the supporting wall 1, and the supporting wall 1 and the structural wall 3 are integrated, so that the strength of the supporting wall 1 and the structural wall 3 is enhanced, and the thickness of the structural wall 3 is reduced. The cement used for the supporting wall 1 and the structural wall 3 is the same as the cement used for the rigid waterproof layer 2.
The permanent rigid waterproof layer is a waterproof layer prepared by using cement as a main raw material, is a cement product with the same service life and rigidity as the structural concrete, and can be tightly adhered with a main concrete structure. More mainly, after the foundation pit with the underground water is used for treating the water leakage on the surface of the supporting wall, a rigid waterproof layer is manufactured, and the water leakage is completely avoided. The invention relates to a rigid waterproof layer, which solves the problem that no waterproof reinforced concrete structure flexible waterproof layer is changed into a rigid waterproof layer.
The process is widely applied and is suitable for waterproof supporting engineering of industrial and civil buildings, municipal administration, subways, electric power and deep foundation pits with underground water and waterproof curtain engineering of reservoirs, ports and seawater backflow.
The construction method can be used for construction under complex geological conditions of muddy clay, silt, gravel (eggs) with easy-to-collapse underground water holes and the like. The construction method is an advanced and ideal permanent rigid waterproof layer in China at present.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A construction method of a permanent rigid waterproof layer is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(a) and treating the surface of the supporting wall or the cushion layer:
washing the surface of the support wall (1) or the surface of the cushion layer (5) completely with water, then respectively treating the surface of the support wall (1) or the surface of the cushion layer (5) with waterproof materials to avoid water leakage and water seepage of the support wall (1) or the cushion layer (5), and then spraying concrete on the surface of the support wall (1) or the surface of the cushion layer (5) for leveling to form a leveling layer;
(b) constructing a rigid waterproof layer (2) on the surface of the support wall (1) or the cushion layer (5):
①, spraying plain ash on the leveling layer of the supporting wall (1) or the cushion layer (5) by a guniting machine to form a first plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5mm, wherein the volume of cement paste in the plain ash expands in the hydration process, and redundant water is extruded to the surface of the plain ash through capillary holes and is evaporated into the air;
②, after the first layer of the lime layer is finally set, spraying cement mortar on the first layer of the lime layer by using a mortar spraying machine to form a second cement mortar layer with the thickness of 4-8 mm;
③, after the second cement mortar layer is finally set, spraying plain ash on the second cement mortar layer by using a guniting machine to form a third plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5 mm;
④, after the third layer of plain mortar layer is finally set, spraying cement mortar on the third layer of plain mortar layer by using a mortar spraying machine to form a fourth cement mortar layer with the thickness of 4-8 mm;
⑤, after the fourth cement mortar layer is finally set, spraying plain ash on the fourth cement mortar layer by using a guniting machine to form a fifth plain ash layer with the thickness of 2-5 mm;
after the rigid waterproof layer is solidified, watering and curing to form a permanent rigid waterproof layer (2);
the water-cement ratio of the plain ash is 0.3-0.4; the cement mortar comprises: water, cement and grit, the water cement ratio of cement mortar is 0.4 ~ 0.5, and the ratio of cement to grit is 1: 1 to 2.
2. The method of constructing a permanent rigid water barrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the structure wall (3) is built in the rigid waterproof layer (2) of the supporting wall (1), and the supporting wall (1) and the structure wall (3) are integrated, so that the strength of the supporting wall (1) and the structure wall (3) is enhanced, and the thickness of the structure wall (3) is reduced.
3. The method of constructing a permanent rigid waterproof layer according to claim 2, wherein: the cement used by the supporting wall (1) and the structural wall (3) and the cement used by the rigid waterproof layer (2) are the same materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010278827.4A CN111441390A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Construction method of permanent rigid waterproof layer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010278827.4A CN111441390A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Construction method of permanent rigid waterproof layer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111441390A true CN111441390A (en) | 2020-07-24 |
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| CN202010278827.4A Pending CN111441390A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Construction method of permanent rigid waterproof layer |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03253623A (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1991-11-12 | Toyo Bussan Kk | Construction of three-dimensional lattice with water conveyance layer and underground outer wall |
| CN207211188U (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2018-04-10 | 常州市建筑科学研究院集团股份有限公司 | Outer wall of underground structure HCMW engineering methods overlap wall |
-
2020
- 2020-04-10 CN CN202010278827.4A patent/CN111441390A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03253623A (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1991-11-12 | Toyo Bussan Kk | Construction of three-dimensional lattice with water conveyance layer and underground outer wall |
| CN207211188U (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2018-04-10 | 常州市建筑科学研究院集团股份有限公司 | Outer wall of underground structure HCMW engineering methods overlap wall |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 张自杰等: "《建筑施工》", 31 May 1999, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
| 张蒙: "《建筑防水工程》", 30 April 2013, 中国铁道出版社 * |
| 朱勇年: "《高层建筑施工》", 31 January 2004, 中国建筑工业出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20200724 |