CN111440970A - 6-series aluminum alloy plate for automobile body outer plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
6-series aluminum alloy plate for automobile body outer plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111440970A CN111440970A CN202010318247.3A CN202010318247A CN111440970A CN 111440970 A CN111440970 A CN 111440970A CN 202010318247 A CN202010318247 A CN 202010318247A CN 111440970 A CN111440970 A CN 111440970A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy plates for automobile bodies, and relates to a 6-series aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body outer plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the 6-series aluminum alloy plate is prepared from the following element components in percentage by weight: si: 0.55-0.65%, Fe: 0.10 to 0.20%, Cu: 0.10 to 0.20%, Mn: 0.05-0.15%, Mg: 0.65 to 0.75%, Ti: 0.01-0.03%, less than or equal to 0.03% of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.10% of total impurity and the balance of Al, the preparation method strictly limits the rolling pass and the working procedure time of hot rough rolling, two times of annealing are carried out in the cold rolling process, and the finally obtained finished product has obviously improved edge covering performance compared with the traditional 6016 alloy, has smooth and fine surface after stamping, does not have macroscopic defects of Rogowski lines and obviously improves the surface quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy plates for automobile bodies, relates to a 6-series aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body outer plate and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a 6-series aluminum alloy plate with excellent edge covering performance and high surface quality after stamping and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As the amount of automobile reserves in all countries of the world continues to increase, fuel consumption and exhaust pollution thereof are becoming increasingly more severe, and automobile manufacturers have to list reduced fuel consumption and limited emissions as one of the important goals of automobile development. Since weight reduction of the vehicle body is an effective approach to achieve this object, aluminum alloys have been increasingly favored for use as lightweight materials in vehicle bodies in recent years.
At present, the focus of research on the patents of automobile body outer panels is mostly focused on improving the baking finish hardening performance and the press formability, and for example, the invention patent with patent publication No. CN100419116C, namely the invention patent of improving the forming performance and baking finish hardening preheating treatment process of 6111 aluminum alloy automobile panel, and the invention patent with patent publication No. CN1141958A, namely the invention patent of manufacturing method of aluminum alloy panel with excellent formability and thermosetting property, are improved in terms of both the formability and the thermosetting property.
In addition, 6 series aluminum alloys, namely Al-Mg-Si series alloys, in several series aluminum alloys have the characteristics of moderate strength, heat treatment strengthening and good corrosion resistance, and the series alloys are supplied in a state of lower yield strength after solution treatment, so that the alloy plates have better stamping forming capability and can be further strengthened in the final paint baking process. These characteristics make the alloy very suitable for processing automobile body outer plates, and several grades of alloys are widely used at present, such as 6016, 6111 and 6022. However, in the actual application at present, the alloys have the problems of poor edge covering performance, obvious luo-planus line defects on the surface after stamping and the like, and influence the large-scale popularization and application of 6000-series automobile plates.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a 6-series aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body outer plate and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the edge covering performance and the surface quality after stamping of the 6-series aluminum alloy plate prepared by the prior art cannot meet the production requirements and the large-scale popularization and application of the automobile body outer plate are influenced.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a 6-series aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body outer plate, which is prepared from the following element components in percentage by weight: si: 0.55-0.65%, Fe: 0.10 to 0.20%, Cu: 0.10 to 0.20%, Mn: 0.05-0.15%, Mg: 0.65 to 0.75%, Ti: 0.01-0.03%, less than or equal to 0.03% of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.10% of impurity in total, and the balance of Al.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the harmful effect of alkali metals, the content of alkali metals in the impurities is less than or equal to 10ppm of Na, less than or equal to 8ppm of Ca and less than or equal to 15ppm of L i.
A preparation method of a 6-series aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body outer plate comprises the following steps:
A. preparing an aluminum alloy raw material for preparing an automobile body outer plate according to weight percentage, putting the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, pouring the smelted aluminum alloy melt into a refining furnace to be refined, degassing and removing impurities from the refined aluminum alloy melt, refining the refined aluminum alloy melt on line, and casting the refined aluminum alloy melt into an aluminum alloy ingot;
B. cutting off the head and the tail of the cast aluminum alloy ingot and milling off a crust layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot;
C. carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cast ingot in a heating furnace, wherein the homogenization heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot to 560 ℃ and preserving heat for 12h, then cooling to 530 ℃ and preserving heat for 2-12 h, and discharging;
D. the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot enters a rough rolling procedure within 3min, the rough rolling pass is not more than 18 times, the rough rolling finishing time is within 10min, the thickness of an intermediate blank after rough rolling is 50-55 mm, then a 4-connection type finish rolling procedure is carried out, the finish rolling total reduction rate is more than 80%, the thickness of a final finish rolling outgoing coil blank is 10mm, the coil blank temperature is 350-370 ℃, and the aluminum alloy cast ingot is naturally cooled to room temperature;
E. cold rolling: cold-rolling the aluminum alloy plate after hot rolling to 1.0mm, and sequentially passing through 7.5mm, 6.0mm, 4.0mm, 2.8mm, 1.9mm, 1.3mm and 1.0mm, wherein the aluminum alloy plate after cold rolling to 6.0mm is annealed for 2h in a gas circulation heating box type annealing furnace at 380 ℃ and the cold rolling reduction rate before annealing is 40%, the aluminum alloy plate after cold rolling to 2.8mm is annealed for 20s in an air cushion type heating furnace at 480 ℃ and the cold rolling reduction rate before annealing is 53%, and the cold rolling reduction rate after annealing is 64%;
F. carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled aluminum alloy plate, wherein the heating rate is not less than 5 ℃/s, heating to 570 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30s, carrying out water quenching, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature, wherein the temperature of the water-quenched aluminum alloy plate is not higher than 150 ℃;
G. and immediately performing pre-aging treatment on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solution quenching, wherein the interval time is not more than 30s, performing the pre-aging treatment by using a continuous through type air cushion heating furnace, ensuring that the coiling temperature after the pre-aging treatment is 80-100 ℃, and transferring the aluminum alloy plate subjected to the pre-aging treatment to a storage environment at 20-25 ℃ for cooling to room temperature.
Further, the aluminum alloy raw materials in the step A adopt recycled aluminum, industrial pure Mg, industrial pure Zn, intermediate alloy Al-Si, intermediate alloy Al-Cu, intermediate alloy Al-Fe and intermediate alloy Al-Mn.
Further, in the step A, the smelting temperature of the aluminum alloy raw material is 700-760 ℃, electromagnetic stirring is started in the melting process, the refining temperature is 720-740 ℃, Cl-Ar mixed gas is used for refining and adjusting alloy components, after the components are qualified, a slab ingot is refined by an Al-Ti-B wire refiner, and then the slab ingot is semi-continuously cast, so that the 6-series aluminum alloy trapezoidal slab ingot with the size of 630mm 2150mm 6000mm is obtained.
And further, in the step B, at least 200mm of the leading end of the aluminum alloy cast ingot is cut off, at least 100mm of the sprue gate end is cut off, at least 10mm of a large-surface single surface is milled, at least 5mm of a small-surface inclined plane is milled, and at least 5mm of a small-surface vertical plane is milled.
Further, the heating furnace in the step C is a push type gas heating furnace.
And furthermore, the heating furnace used for the solution quenching in the step F is an air cushion type heating furnace.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the edge covering process is an assembly process for connecting the inner plate part and the outer plate part together after a lower flanging generated by stamping is bent and flattened. The hemming performance is actually bending performance, the shape, size and number of intermetallic compounds play a very critical role in a plurality of factors influencing the hemming performance of the plate, and large blocks of intermetallic compounds with sharp shapes are often used as crack sources in the hemming process due to large shearing stress, so that the hemming performance is greatly reduced. In 6000 series aluminium alloy, insoluble Al (FeMn) Si and Mg exist in alloy after homogenization heat treatment2Si and Al15Mn3Si2And the intermetallic compound, of course, a certain amount of fine submicron or nanometer dispersion particles are also necessarily present in the alloy matrix. In order to reduce lath-shaped Al15Mn3Si2And the size and the amount of Al (FeMn) Si, the proportion relation of Mg and Si elements in the components and the contents of Fe and Mn are strictly limited, and on the other hand, in order to effectively reduce the precipitation, aggregation and growth behaviors of intermetallic compounds in the high-temperature hot rough rolling process, the rolling pass and the working procedure time of the hot rough rolling are strictly limited for the first time. Compared with the traditional 6016 alloy, the finished product obtained by the invention has obviously improved edge covering performance.
2. The generation of the Rough line defect on the stamping surface of the 6000 series aluminum alloy is mainly caused by the abnormal arrangement of a recrystallization texture and a Gaussian texture along the rolling direction. When the crystal grains having a cubic or gaussian orientation are distributed along the rolling direction and alternately distributed in the vertical direction, a rowth line occurs if the sheet is stretched in the vertical direction. The grain stimulation nucleation mechanism (PSN mechanism) considers that the hard second phase larger than 1 μm can promote the development of P texture during recrystallization nucleation, and is beneficial to reducing the abnormal arrangement of the recrystallization texture and the Gaussian texture.
In order to improve the texture proportion and distribution of finished products and reduce and optimize the crystal grain orientation in the finished products, the invention creatively and jointly adopts three measures: firstly, under the condition of ensuring the surface quality of a hot rolled blank, a larger finish rolling deformation rate and a higher finish rolling offline coil blank temperature are adopted, so that the recrystallization process of the hot rolled coil blank is more sufficient, and the distribution of various textures is more uniform; secondly, the first intermediate annealing is carried out in the cold rolling process by utilizing the particle stimulation nucleation principle, and the characteristics of low heating speed and long heat preservation time of a gas circulation heating box type furnace are adopted to promote the dispersion precipitation of submicron Al (FeMn) Si and Mg in the alloy2The Si intermetallic compound grows further to prepare for forming P texture by subsequent annealing, and meanwhile, the alloy has 40 percent cold rolling reduction rate before box-type annealing and can be completely recrystallized in the annealing process, so that the severe development of deformation texture is effectively reduced. Thirdly, the characteristics of high heating speed and short heat preservation time of the air cushion furnace are utilized during the secondary cold rolling intermediate annealing, on one hand, the complete recrystallization and the full development of P texture can be ensured during the annealing, on the other hand, the size of the recrystallized grains is reduced as much as possible, so that the size of the final finished product grains can not be overlarge, and the refining of the grains can effectively improve the comprehensive performance of the finished product. Compared with the traditional 6016 alloy, the finished product obtained finally by the invention has smooth and fine surface after stamping, has no visible defects of Rogowski line, and obviously improves the surface quality.
3. Aiming at the blank of the existing patent on the research of the edge covering performance and the surface quality after stamping, the patent comprehensively considers the aspects of strength, stamping formability and the like, and carries out development and research on the outstanding problems of edge covering cracking, surface quality defects of a compass line after forming and the like which easily occur in the application of the existing 6000-series aluminum alloy to an automobile body outer plate. By optimizing alloy components and improving the original process route and parameters, the 6000-series aluminum alloy material which has excellent edge covering performance, smooth and fine surface quality of the aluminum alloy plate after stamping and no visible Rogowski line defect and can be widely applied to outer plates of automobile body hoods, doors and the like is obtained.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a surface topography of an aluminum alloy sheet prepared in a comparative example;
FIG. 2 is a surface topography of the aluminum alloy sheet prepared in the example.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Examples
A preparation method of a 6-series aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body outer plate comprises the following steps:
A. the aluminum alloy raw materials for preparing the automobile body outer plate are proportioned according to the weight percentage, and the aluminum alloy raw materials comprise the following elements in percentage by mass:
| element(s) | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Ti | Impurities | Al |
| Content (wt.) | 0.60 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.70 | 0.02 | 0.03 | Balance of |
The method comprises the following steps of preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises recovered aluminum, industrial pure Mg, industrial pure Zn, intermediate alloy Al-Si, intermediate alloy Al-Cu, intermediate alloy Al-Fe and intermediate alloy Al-Mn., placing the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, wherein the smelting temperature of the aluminum alloy raw material is 700-760 ℃, electromagnetic stirring is started during melting, the smelted aluminum alloy melt is poured into a refining furnace to be refined, the refining temperature is 720-740 ℃, Cl-Ar mixed gas is used for refining and alloy components are adjusted, and after the components are qualified, a slab ingot is semi-continuously cast after being refined by an Al-Ti-B wire refiner to obtain a 6-series aluminum alloy trapezoidal slab ingot with the size of 630mm 2150mm 6000 mm;
B. cutting off the head and the tail of the cast aluminum alloy ingot, milling off a crust layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, cutting off the leading end of the aluminum alloy ingot by at least 200mm, cutting off the gate end by at least 100mm, milling a large-surface single surface by at least 10mm, milling a small-surface inclined surface by at least 5mm, and milling a small-surface vertical surface by at least 5 mm;
C. carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cast ingot in a push type gas heating furnace, wherein the homogenization heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot to 560 ℃ and preserving heat for 12h, then cooling to 530 ℃ and preserving heat for 9h, and discharging;
D. the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot enters a rough rolling procedure within 3min, the rough rolling pass is not more than 18 times, the rough rolling finishing time is within 10min, the thickness of an intermediate blank after rough rolling is 50-55 mm, then a 4-connection type finish rolling procedure is carried out, the finish rolling total reduction rate is more than 80%, the thickness of a final finish rolling outgoing coil blank is 10mm, the coil blank temperature is 350-370 ℃, and the aluminum alloy cast ingot is naturally cooled to room temperature;
E. cold rolling: cold-rolling the aluminum alloy plate after hot rolling to 1.0mm, and sequentially passing through 7.5mm, 6.0mm, 4.0mm, 2.8mm, 1.9mm, 1.3mm and 1.0mm, wherein the aluminum alloy plate after cold rolling to 6.0mm is annealed for 2h in a gas circulation heating box type annealing furnace at 380 ℃ and the cold rolling reduction rate before annealing is 40%, the aluminum alloy plate after cold rolling to 2.8mm is annealed for 20s in an air cushion type heating furnace at 480 ℃ and the cold rolling reduction rate before annealing is 53%, and the cold rolling reduction rate after annealing is 64%;
F. carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled aluminum alloy plate in an air cushion type heating furnace, wherein the heating rate is not less than 5 ℃/s, heating to 570 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30s, then carrying out water quenching, and cooling the aluminum alloy plate to room temperature by air after the water quenching, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate is not higher than 150 ℃;
G. and immediately performing pre-aging treatment on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solution quenching, wherein the interval time is not more than 30s, performing the pre-aging treatment by using a continuous through type air cushion heating furnace, ensuring that the coiling temperature after the pre-aging treatment is 80-100 ℃, and transferring the aluminum alloy plate subjected to the pre-aging treatment to a storage environment at 20-25 ℃ for cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example
A preparation method of 6016 aluminum alloy plate for automobile body outer plates comprises the following steps:
A. the aluminum alloy raw materials for preparing the automobile body outer plate are proportioned according to the weight percentage, and the aluminum alloy raw materials comprise the following elements in percentage by mass:
| element(s) | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Ti | Impurities | Al |
| Content (wt.) | 1.10 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.45 | 0.02 | 0.03 | Balance of |
The method comprises the following steps of preparing an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises recovered aluminum, industrial pure Mg, industrial pure Zn, intermediate alloy Al-Si, intermediate alloy Al-Cu, intermediate alloy Al-Fe and intermediate alloy Al-Mn., placing the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, wherein the smelting temperature of the aluminum alloy raw material is 700-760 ℃, electromagnetic stirring is started during melting, the smelted aluminum alloy melt is poured into a refining furnace to be refined, the refining temperature is 720-740 ℃, Cl-Ar mixed gas is used for refining and alloy components are adjusted, and after the components are qualified, a slab ingot is semi-continuously cast after being refined by an Al-Ti-B wire refiner to obtain a 6-series aluminum alloy trapezoidal slab ingot with the size of 630mm 2150mm 6000 mm;
B. cutting off the head and the tail of the cast aluminum alloy ingot, milling off a crust layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, cutting off the leading end of the aluminum alloy ingot by at least 200mm, cutting off the gate end by at least 100mm, milling a large-surface single surface by at least 10mm, milling a small-surface inclined surface by at least 5mm, and milling a small-surface vertical surface by at least 5 mm;
C. carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cast ingot in a push type gas heating furnace, wherein the homogenization heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot to 560 ℃ and preserving heat for 6h, then cooling to 500 ℃ and preserving heat for 10h, and discharging;
D. transferring the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot to a rough rolling procedure, wherein the rough rolling procedure is carried out for 20 +/-2 times, the thickness of an intermediate blank after rough rolling is 40-45 mm, then carrying out a 4-connection type finish rolling procedure, the total reduction rate of finish rolling is more than 80%, the thickness of an outgoing coil blank after final finish rolling is 6mm, the temperature of the coil blank is 300-330 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
E. cold rolling: cold rolling the hot-rolled aluminum alloy plate to 1.0mm, and sequentially passing the aluminum alloy plate through 4.2mm, 3.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.3mm and 1.0mm, wherein the aluminum alloy plate is annealed in an air cushion type heating furnace at 480 ℃ for 20s when the aluminum alloy plate is cold-rolled to 3.0mm, the cold rolling reduction rate before annealing is 50%, and the cold rolling reduction rate after annealing is 66.7%;
F. carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled aluminum alloy plate in an air cushion type heating furnace, wherein the heating rate is not less than 5 ℃/s, heating to 560 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20s, then carrying out water quenching, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature after the temperature of the water-quenched aluminum alloy plate is not higher than 150 ℃;
G. and immediately performing pre-aging treatment on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solution quenching, wherein the interval time is not more than 30s, performing the pre-aging treatment by using a continuous through type air cushion heating furnace, ensuring that the coiling temperature after the pre-aging treatment is 80-100 ℃, and transferring the aluminum alloy plate subjected to the pre-aging treatment to a storage environment at 20-25 ℃ for cooling to room temperature.
The bending test is carried out according to VDA238-100 standards, firstly strip-shaped sample sheets of 250mm × 70mm are prepared according to 0 degree and 90 degrees, the strip-shaped sample sheets are pre-stretched by 10% at the speed of 25mm/min, then two small sample sheets of 60mm × 60mm are cut from each strip-shaped sample sheet, a 3-point bending test machine is adopted to carry out the bending test, a rolling type supporting roller with the diameter of 30mm is adopted, the span is 2 × plate thickness, the radius of a pressure head is 0.2mm, the bending test is carried out at the speed of 20mm/min after the pre-loading of 10mm/min for 30N, the test is stopped until the maximum downward pressure is reduced by 30N, and the bending angle of the sample sheets is measured.
TABLE 1
FIG. 1 is a surface topography of an aluminum alloy plate prepared in a comparative example, and FIG. 2 is a surface topography of an aluminum alloy plate prepared in an example. According to the comparison result of GB/T33227-.
According to GB/T228-80Ag, the work hardening index n value and the plastic strain ratio r value are all improved to a certain extent, which shows that the forming performance of the embodiment also hasCertain improvement can better expand the application range of the 6000 series aluminum plate.
TABLE 2
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The 6-series aluminum alloy plate for the automobile body outer plate is characterized by being prepared from the following element components in percentage by weight: si: 0.55-0.65%, Fe: 0.10 to 0.20%, Cu: 0.10 to 0.20%, Mn: 0.05-0.15%, Mg: 0.65 to 0.75%, Ti: 0.01-0.03%, less than or equal to 0.03% of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.10% of impurity in total, and the balance of Al.
2. The 6-series aluminum alloy sheet for automobile body panels according to claim 1, wherein the impurities contain Na.ltoreq.10 ppm, Ca.ltoreq.8 ppm, and L i.ltoreq.15 ppm of alkali metals in order to reduce the harmful effects of alkali metals.
3. A preparation method of a 6-series aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body outer plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. preparing an aluminum alloy raw material for preparing an automobile body outer plate according to weight percentage, putting the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, pouring the smelted aluminum alloy melt into a refining furnace to be refined, degassing and removing impurities from the refined aluminum alloy melt, refining the refined aluminum alloy melt on line, and casting the refined aluminum alloy melt into an aluminum alloy ingot;
B. cutting off the head and the tail of the cast aluminum alloy ingot and milling off a crust layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot;
C. carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the aluminum alloy cast ingot in a push type gas heating furnace, wherein the homogenization heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot to 560 ℃ and preserving heat for 12h, then cooling to 530 ℃ and preserving heat for 2-12 h, and discharging;
D. the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot enters a rough rolling procedure within 3min, the rough rolling pass is not more than 18 times, the rough rolling finishing time is within 10min, the thickness of an intermediate blank after rough rolling is 50-55 mm, then a 4-connection type finish rolling procedure is carried out, the finish rolling total reduction rate is more than 80%, the thickness of a final finish rolling outgoing coil blank is 10mm, the coil blank temperature is 350-370 ℃, and the aluminum alloy cast ingot is naturally cooled to room temperature;
E. cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy plate after hot rolling to 1.0mm, and sequentially passing through 7.5mm, 6.0mm, 4.0mm, 2.8mm, 1.9mm, 1.3mm and 1.0mm, wherein the aluminum alloy plate after cold rolling to 6.0mm is annealed in a gas circulation heating box type annealing furnace at 380 ℃ for 2h, the cold rolling reduction rate before annealing is 40%, the aluminum alloy plate after cold rolling to 2.8mm is annealed in an air cushion type heating furnace at 480 ℃ for 20s, the cold rolling reduction rate before annealing is 53%, and the cold rolling reduction rate after annealing is 64%;
F. carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled aluminum alloy plate, wherein the heating rate is not less than 5 ℃/s, heating to 570 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30s, carrying out water quenching, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature, wherein the temperature of the water-quenched aluminum alloy plate is not higher than 150 ℃;
G. and immediately performing pre-aging treatment on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solution quenching, wherein the interval time is not more than 30s, performing the pre-aging treatment by using a continuous through type air cushion heating furnace, ensuring that the coiling temperature after the pre-aging treatment is 80-100 ℃, and transferring the aluminum alloy plate subjected to the pre-aging treatment to a storage environment at 20-25 ℃ for cooling to room temperature.
4. The method of producing a 6-series aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile body panel according to claim 3, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material in the step A is recycled aluminum, industrially pure Mg, industrially pure Zn, master alloy Al-Si, master alloy Al-Cu, master alloy Al-Fe, or master alloy Al-Mn.
5. The method for preparing the 6-series aluminum alloy sheet material for the automobile body outer panel according to claim 3, wherein in the step A, the melting temperature of the aluminum alloy raw material is 700-760 ℃, electromagnetic stirring is started during melting, the refining temperature is 720-740 ℃, Cl-Ar mixed gas is used for refining and adjusting components, after the components are qualified, a slab ingot is refined by an Al-Ti-B wire refiner, and then semi-continuous casting is carried out to obtain the 6-series aluminum alloy trapezoidal slab ingot with the size of 630mm 2150mm 6000 mm.
6. The method for preparing a 6-series aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile body outer panel according to claim 3, wherein in the step B, the leading end of the aluminum alloy ingot is cut off by at least 200mm, the sprue gate end is cut off by at least 100mm, the large-side single surface is milled by at least 10mm, the small-side inclined surface is milled by at least 5mm, and the small-side vertical surface is milled by at least 5 mm.
7. The method of producing a 6-series aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile body panel according to claim 3, wherein the heating furnace in the step C is a pusher gas heating furnace.
8. The method of producing a 6-series aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile body panel according to claim 3, wherein the heating furnace used in the solution quenching in step F is an air cushion type heating furnace.
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| CN112195424A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-08 | 天津忠旺铝业有限公司 | Preparation process for improving r value and uniformity of 6016 aluminum alloy plate |
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