CN115747535B - Manufacturing method for improving edge covering performance of 6016 automobile stamping plate - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for improving edge covering performance of 6016 automobile stamping plate Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009957 hemming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention provides a manufacturing method for improving the hemming performance of a 6016 automobile stamping plate, which comprises the steps of raw material casting, homogenizing annealing, hot rolling, cold rolling, solution treatment and pre-ageing treatment; when raw materials are added, the form of an as-cast brittle iron-rich phase is adjusted by controlling the addition amount of Mn and Fe, so that the evolution time of the needle-shaped iron-rich phase in the homogenizing heat treatment process is shortened, the iron-rich phase after the homogenizing heat treatment is fully spheroidized and refined, the stress concentration of dislocation at coarse iron-rich phase particles during bending and edge wrapping of the material is reduced, and the generation probability of microcrack sources is reduced; then, crushing second phase particles in a matrix by high-pressure high-processing-rate superfine rolling through cold rolling, adopting sub-temperature solid solution to realize grain refinement, and finally adopting a lower pre-ageing treatment process to reduce the yield ratio and the yield strength of the base material so as to improve the forming performance of the material; finally, the improvement of the binding performance is realized through the second phase refinement, grain refinement, the reduction of the yield ratio and the yield strength of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method for improving the binding performance of a 6016 automobile stamping plate.
Background
The automobile plate edge covering technology is a technology for bending the edge of an outer plate and buckling and connecting an inner plate and an outer plate. 6016 automobile stamping plate is used as an automobile outer covering part, and after stamping forming, edge covering processing is carried out, such as the synthesis of an inner plate and an outer plate of an engine cover plate, and the like, all adopt edge covering technology, so that aluminum alloy plate materials are required to have good edge covering performance. In the forming process of the automobile panel, the excellent edge wrapping performance can ensure that when the panel outer plate wraps the panel inner plate in an edge wrapping (flanging) mode, no microcrack is generated on the surface of the material, and the edge wrapping arc is smooth and fine.
In recent years, a great deal of research has been conducted about how to improve the hemming performance of a body panel, such as:
the invention patent of China with the application publication number of CN101935785A discloses an aluminum alloy for a high-formability automobile body, and the invention controls the content of main alloy elements of Mg, si and Cu, so that indissolvable Mg2Si phase is avoided, si particles are formed in the process, the forming performance of the material is improved, and meanwhile, the content and the proportion of the Mg and Si phases are ensured, so that the baking and hardening performance of the material meets the use requirement; the contents of trace elements Fe and Mn are reasonably controlled to control the grain size, so that the purpose of further improving the forming performance of the material is achieved; however, the aluminum alloy prepared by the technical scheme has good elongation but does not have good edging performance;
the invention patent of China with the application publication number of CN105543741A discloses an intermediate annealing process of an aluminum alloy and the aluminum alloy for an automobile panel, and the invention adopts a continuous annealing mode to improve the annealing temperature in the intermediate annealing process and the structure morphology of the aluminum alloy after returning goods, thereby achieving the effect of improving the flanging performance of the product; although the technical scheme provided by the invention can enable the surface of the manufactured aluminum alloy to be smooth after flanging, no crack initiation line or crack is generated, the cost of the aluminum alloy manufactured by adopting the process is higher;
the invention patent of application publication No. CN105441740A discloses a high hemming performance 6XXX series aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the invention adopts a process of cold rolling, intermediate annealing and secondary cold rolling of a hot rolled strip at a higher homogenization heat treatment temperature, and the cold rolling reduction rate of secondary cold rolling is 60-85% to improve the hemming performance of the aluminum alloy plate, but the invention does not perfect the intermediate annealing system and does not control the evolution process of the internal structure of the aluminum alloy, so that the hemming performance of the prepared aluminum alloy is not ideal;
the Chinese patent application publication No. CN109868398A discloses a 6xxx series aluminum alloy plate with high flanging performance, which mainly plays a double role of promoting recrystallization nuclei (PSN mechanism) and inhibiting growth of recrystallized grains by the coarse second phase by adjusting the proportion of the coarse second phase and the fine second phase in a plate structure after intermediate annealing, thereby improving the grain size of the final plate, and simultaneously adjusting the proportion of the second phase of the final plate so as to enable the final plate to have excellent flanging performance and meet the requirements of an outer plate of an automobile panel.
Therefore, although a large number of methods for producing aluminum alloys with high flanging performance for automobiles are disclosed in the prior art, the prior art does not control the aluminum alloy for 6016 automobile stamping plates, and does not sufficiently consider the influence of the degree of structure grain refinement, the degree of second phase ion refinement, the dimensional accuracy of plate members and the like on the hemming performance of aluminum alloy plates.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a manufacturing method for effectively improving the binding performance of a 6016 automobile stamping plate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the manufacturing method for improving the edge covering performance of the 6016 automobile stamping plate comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, preparing raw materials according to the following weight percentage: si=1.0% -1.05%, fe=0.12% -0.2%, cu is less than or equal to 0.02%, mn=0.12% -0.2%, mg=0.38% -0.45%, cr is less than or equal to 0.002%, zn is less than or equal to 0.02%, ti=0.02% -0.025%, other unavoidable individual elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, total is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al;
s2, smelting and casting, namely putting the raw materials in the step S1 into a smelting furnace for smelting, guiding the melt into a refining furnace for refining, and casting into an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 600-650mm after degassing and deslagging;
s3, homogenizing heat treatment, namely placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step S2 into a heating furnace for homogenizing heat treatment after sawing and milling, controlling the metal temperature to 565-570 ℃, and preserving heat for 15h;
s4, hot rolling, namely carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0 mm;
s5, cold rolling, namely performing first-pass superfine rolling on the hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0mm obtained in the S4 to obtain a first cold rolled blank with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting high-pressure high-working ratio, performing 3-4-pass ordinary rolling on the first cold rolled blank according to the working ratio of 25% -35% of each pass to obtain a second cold rolled blank, and finally performing cold rolling on the second cold rolled blank to obtain a finished coiled material with the thickness of 0.9-1.2mm according to the working ratio of 15% -20%;
s6, solution quenching and pre-ageing treatment, wherein the finished coiled material is subjected to solution quenching in a continuous quenching line in a sub-temperature solution mode, the solution temperature of the finished coiled material with the thickness of 0.9-1.2mm is 495+/-5 ℃, the solution heat preservation time is 2-3.5 minutes, the water spray quenching is performed under the condition that the transfer time is less than 20 seconds after the solution quenching, the water temperature is lower than 35 ℃, and the water spray quenching cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/S; carrying out pre-ageing treatment within 3 minutes after water spray quenching is finished, wherein the pre-ageing temperature is 190+/-5 ℃, the pre-ageing heat preservation time is 50-70 seconds, and a plurality of air cooling areas are arranged at the outlet of the pre-ageing furnace, so that the temperature of the pre-aged aluminum coil is reduced to below 45 ℃ before the aluminum coil is wound at the outlet;
and S7, carrying out withdrawal straightening and transverse shearing on the finished coiled material processed in the S6 to obtain the aluminum alloy substrate.
Further, in S1, the ratio of Mn to Fe is controlled to be 1:1.
Further, in the step S2, the metal and nonmetallic compounds are strictly controlled during casting, and the content of launder inclusions is less than 0.02mm 2 Per kg, the size of the inclusions is less than 12 μm.
In the step S3, all of the lath-shaped β -AlFeSi phases of the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment are converted into granular α -AlFeSi phases.
Further, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy base material is 200-215MPa, the yield strength is 90-110MPa, the yield ratio is below 0.5, and the breaking elongation A is 50mm and reaches more than 24.0%; the minimum relative bending radius of the edge wrapping can reach below 0.5t, and the flanging appearance can reach the first-level appearance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. because the particle size of the brittle Fe-rich phase is larger, crack initiation can be induced to reduce the stamping forming performance and the edge covering performance of the alloy, and especially the influence of needle-shaped or sheet-shaped beta-AlFeSi particles is more remarkable; therefore, the invention controls the ratio of Mn to Fe to be 1:1, can maximally transform the iron-rich phase structure from beta-AlFeSi to alpha-AlFeSi, enables the iron-rich phase to appear in a fine Chinese character shape or polygonal granular form, and is dispersed and distributed in a ternary eutectic structure, thereby reducing the harmful effect of the beta-AlFeSi phase and improving the morphology of the iron-rich phase;
2. according to the invention, homogenization analysis is carried out on the 6016 aluminum alloy ingot after Mn addition, namely, homogenization heat treatment is found out, so that the morphology of the iron-rich phase is converted from a needle-shaped or sheet-shaped beta-AlFeSi phase into a granular or Hanzi-shaped alpha-AlFeSi phase, the addition of Mn can accelerate the transformation of the morphology of the iron-rich phase in the homogenization heat treatment process, after the homogenization treatment is carried out for 15h at 565-570 ℃, the brittle needle-shaped or sheet-shaped beta-AlFeSi phase in the 6016 alloy ingot is converted into the granular alpha-AlFeSi phase, the spheroidization rate of the Fe-rich phase reaches more than 95%, the reduction of the coarse Fe-rich phase avoids stress concentration of dislocation around the coarse second phase during bending and edge wrapping, and the formation of microcracks during edge wrapping is effectively avoided, so that the edge wrapping performance is improved;
3. in the cold rolling process, the hot rolling blank is cold rolled until the total processing rate of the finished coiled material is more than 85%, and the high-pressure high-processing rate superfine rolling is adopted in the first-pass cold rolling, so that the second phase particles in the matrix are fully crushed and thinned, and the aim of thinning the structure is fulfilled; on the other hand, the final pass of cold rolling is carried out by adopting a smaller cold rolling reduction ratio which is not more than 20%, thereby being beneficial to improving the dimensional accuracy and the plate shape quality of the finished product, reducing the edge wrapping wrinkling or cracking caused by uneven thickness and poor plate shape during edge wrapping and improving the edge wrapping performance;
4. in the solution quenching process, the solution temperature is controlled to be 495+/-5 ℃, so that the lower solution temperature is kept, the grains are convenient to refine, and after the solution quenching is finished, the pre-ageing treatment is carried out within 3 minutes after the water spray quenching, so that the mechanical property of the finished coiled material after the pre-ageing treatment can be effectively reduced, the yield strength of the coiled material is reduced, and the finished coiled material is ensured to have good bending property;
in a word, the 6061 automobile stamping plate prepared by the method provided by the invention has good bending performance and hemming performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a grain diagram of an aluminum alloy substrate prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a grain diagram of an aluminum alloy substrate prepared in comparative example 4;
FIG. 3 is a SEM image of the fracture of the aluminum alloy substrate prepared in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a SEM image of the fracture of the aluminum alloy base material prepared in comparative example 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The manufacturing method for improving the edge covering performance of the 6016 automobile stamping plate comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, preparing raw materials according to the following weight percentage: si=1.0% -1.05%, fe=0.12% -0.2%, C is less than or equal to 0.02%, mn=0.12% -0.2%, mg=0.38% -0.45%, cr is less than or equal to 0.002%, zn is less than or equal to 0.02%, ti=0.02% -0.025%, other unavoidable individual elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, total is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al;
s2, smelting and casting, namely putting the raw materials in the step S1 into a smelting furnace for smelting, guiding the melt into a refining furnace for refining, and casting into an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 600-650mm after degassing and deslagging;
s3, homogenizing heat treatment, namely placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step S2 into a heating furnace for homogenizing heat treatment after sawing and milling, controlling the metal temperature to 565-570 ℃, and preserving heat for 15h;
s4, hot rolling, namely carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0 mm;
s5, cold rolling, namely performing first-pass superfine rolling on the hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0mm obtained in the S4 to obtain a first cold rolled blank with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting high-pressure high-working ratio, performing 3-4-pass ordinary rolling on the first cold rolled blank according to the working ratio of 25% -35% of each pass to obtain a second cold rolled blank, and finally performing cold rolling on the second cold rolled blank to obtain a finished coiled material with the thickness of 0.9-1.2mm according to the working ratio of 15% -20%;
s6, solution quenching and pre-ageing treatment, wherein the finished coiled material is subjected to solution quenching in a continuous quenching line in a sub-temperature solution mode, the solution temperature of the finished coiled material with the thickness of 0.9-1.2mm is 495+/-5 ℃, the solution heat preservation time is 2-3.5 minutes, the water spray quenching is performed under the condition that the transfer time is less than 20 seconds after the solution quenching, the water temperature is lower than 35 ℃, and the water spray quenching cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/S; carrying out pre-ageing treatment within 3 minutes after water spray quenching is finished, wherein the pre-ageing temperature is 190+/-5 ℃, the pre-ageing heat preservation time is 50-70 seconds, and a plurality of air cooling areas are arranged at the outlet of the pre-ageing furnace, so that the temperature of the pre-aged aluminum coil is reduced to below 45 ℃ before the aluminum coil is wound at the outlet;
and S7, carrying out withdrawal straightening and transverse shearing on the finished coiled material processed in the S6 to obtain the aluminum alloy substrate.
In the invention, in the S1, the ratio of Mn to Fe is controlled to be 1:1; the Fe element is an impurity element in the aluminum alloy, and because the solubility of the Fe element in an aluminum matrix is very low, an impurity phase is necessarily formed in the casting process, and the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the alloy are affected; the impurity phase is mainly AlFeSi phase, which is converted in the homogenizing heat preservation process, and is converted into granular alpha-AlFeSi phase from lath beta-AlFeSi phase; mn element can accelerate the transformation speed, and Mn element provides an innate element basis for Fe-rich phase transformation. The Mn element can change the morphology of the iron-rich phase to a certain extent and can promote the precipitation process.
In the invention, in the S2, the metal and nonmetal compounds are strictly controlled during casting, and the content of the inclusion of the launder is less than 0.02mm 2 Per kg, the size of the inclusions is less than 12 μm; thereby reducing the content of impurity compounds in the sheet material.
In the invention, in the step S3, all the lath-shaped beta-AlFeSi phases of the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment are converted into granular alpha-AlFeSi phases.
Example 1
The manufacturing method for improving the edge covering performance of the 6016 automobile stamping plate comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, preparing raw materials according to the following weight percentage: si=1.0% -1.05%, fe=0.12% -0.2%, cu is less than or equal to 0.02%, mn=0.12% -0.2%, mg=0.38% -0.45%, cr is less than or equal to 0.002%, zn is less than or equal to 0.02%, ti=0.02% -0.025%, other unavoidable individual elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, total is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al; the ratio of Mn to Fe is controlled to be 1:1;
s2, smelting and casting, namely placing the raw materials in the step S1 into a smelting furnace for smelting, guiding the melt into a refining furnace for refining, and casting into an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 600mm after degassing and deslagging; when casting, the metal and non-metal compound are strictly controlled, the content of the inclusion in the launder is less than 0.02mm 2 Per kg, the size of the inclusions is less than 12 μm; thereby reducing the content of impurity compounds in the plate;
s3, homogenizing heat treatment, namely placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step S2 into a heating furnace for homogenizing heat treatment after sawing and milling, controlling the metal temperature to 565-570 ℃, and preserving heat for 15h;
s4, hot rolling, namely carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0 mm;
s5, cold rolling, namely performing first-pass superfine rolling on the hot-rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0mm obtained in the S4 to obtain a first cold-rolled blank with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting high-pressure high-working ratio, performing 3-pass ordinary rolling on the first cold-rolled blank according to the working ratio of 35% of each pass to obtain a second cold-rolled blank, and finally performing cold rolling on the second cold-rolled blank to obtain a finished coiled material with the thickness of 0.9mm according to the working ratio of 18%;
s6, solution quenching and pre-ageing treatment, wherein the finished coiled material is subjected to solution quenching in a continuous quenching line in a sub-temperature solution mode, the solution temperature of the finished coiled material with the thickness of 0.9mm is 495+/-5 ℃, the solution heat preservation time is 2 minutes, the water spray quenching is performed under the condition that the transfer time is less than 20 seconds after the solution quenching, the water temperature is lower than 35 ℃, and the water spray quenching cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/S; carrying out pre-ageing treatment within 3 minutes after water spray quenching is finished, wherein the pre-ageing temperature is 190+/-5 ℃, the pre-ageing heat preservation time is 55 seconds, and a plurality of air cooling areas are arranged at the outlet of the pre-ageing furnace, so that the temperature of the pre-aged aluminum coil is reduced to below 45 ℃ before being wound at the outlet;
and S7, carrying out withdrawal straightening and transverse shearing on the finished coiled material processed in the S6 to obtain the aluminum alloy substrate.
Example 2
The manufacturing method for improving the edge covering performance of the 6016 automobile stamping plate comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, preparing raw materials according to the following weight percentage: si=1.0% -1.05%, fe=0.12% -0.2%, cu is less than or equal to 0.02%, mn=0.12% -0.2%, mg=0.38% -0.45%, cr is less than or equal to 0.002%, zn is less than or equal to 0.02%, ti=0.02% -0.025%, other unavoidable individual elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, total is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al; the ratio of Mn to Fe is controlled to be 1:1;
s2, smelting and casting, namely placing the raw materials in the step S1 into a smelting furnace for smelting, guiding the melt into a refining furnace for refining, and casting into an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 650mm after degassing and deslagging; when casting, the metal and non-metal compound are strictly controlled, the content of the inclusion in the launder is less than 0.02mm 2 Per kg, the size of the inclusions is less than 12 μm; thereby reducing the content of impurity compounds in the plate;
s3, homogenizing heat treatment, namely placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step S2 into a heating furnace for homogenizing heat treatment after sawing and milling, controlling the metal temperature to 565-570 ℃, and preserving heat for 15h;
s4, hot rolling, namely carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0 mm;
s5, cold rolling, namely performing first-pass superfine rolling on the hot-rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0mm obtained in the S4 to obtain a first cold-rolled blank with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting high-pressure high-working ratio, performing 3-pass ordinary rolling on the first cold-rolled blank according to the working ratio of 31% of each pass to obtain a second cold-rolled blank, and finally performing cold rolling on the second cold-rolled blank to obtain a finished coiled material with the thickness of 1.1mm according to the working ratio of 16%;
s6, solution quenching and pre-ageing treatment, wherein the finished coiled material is subjected to solution quenching in a continuous quenching line in a sub-temperature solution mode, the solution temperature of the finished coiled material with the thickness of 1.1mm is 495+/-5 ℃, the solution heat preservation time is 3.0 minutes, the water spray quenching is performed under the condition that the transfer time is less than 20 seconds after the solution quenching, the water temperature is lower than 35 ℃, and the water spray quenching cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/S; carrying out pre-ageing treatment within 3 minutes after water spray quenching is finished, wherein the pre-ageing temperature is 190+/-5 ℃, the pre-ageing heat preservation time is 65 seconds, and a plurality of air cooling areas are arranged at the outlet of the pre-ageing furnace, so that the temperature of the pre-aged aluminum coil is reduced to below 45 ℃ before being wound at the outlet;
and S7, carrying out withdrawal straightening and transverse shearing on the finished coiled material processed in the S6 to obtain the aluminum alloy substrate.
Example 3
The manufacturing method for improving the edge covering performance of the 6016 automobile stamping plate comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, preparing raw materials according to the following weight percentage: si=1.0% -1.05%, fe=0.12% -0.2%, cu is less than or equal to 0.02%, mn=0.12% -0.2%, mg=0.38% -0.45%, cr is less than or equal to 0.002%, zn is less than or equal to 0.02%, ti=0.02% -0.025%, other unavoidable individual elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, total is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al; the ratio of Mn to Fe is controlled to be 1:1;
s2, smelting and casting, namely placing the raw materials in the step S1 into a smelting furnace for smelting, guiding the melt into a refining furnace for refining, and casting into an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 600mm after degassing and deslagging; when casting, the metal and non-metal compound are strictly controlled, the content of the inclusion in the launder is less than 0.02mm 2 Per kg, the size of the inclusions is less than 12 μm; thereby reducing the content of impurity compounds in the plate;
s3, homogenizing heat treatment, namely placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step S2 into a heating furnace for homogenizing heat treatment after sawing and milling, controlling the metal temperature to 565-570 ℃, and preserving heat for 15h;
s4, hot rolling, namely carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0 mm;
s5, cold rolling, namely performing first-pass superfine rolling on the hot-rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0mm obtained in the S4 to obtain a first cold-rolled blank with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting high-pressure high-working ratio, performing 3-pass ordinary rolling on the first cold-rolled blank according to the working ratio of 33% of each pass to obtain a second cold-rolled blank, and finally performing cold rolling on the second cold-rolled blank to obtain a finished coiled material with the thickness of 1.0mm according to the working ratio of 17%;
s6, solution quenching and pre-ageing treatment, wherein the finished coiled material is subjected to solution quenching in a continuous quenching line in a sub-temperature solution mode, the solution temperature of the finished coiled material with the thickness of 1.0mm is 495+/-5 ℃, the solution heat preservation time is 2.5 minutes, the water spray quenching is performed under the condition that the transfer time is less than 20 seconds after the solution quenching, the water temperature is lower than 35 ℃, and the water spray quenching cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/S; carrying out pre-ageing treatment within 3 minutes after water spray quenching is finished, wherein the pre-ageing temperature is 190+/-5 ℃, the pre-ageing heat preservation time is 60 seconds, and a plurality of air cooling areas are arranged at the outlet of the pre-ageing furnace, so that the temperature of the pre-aged aluminum coil is reduced to below 45 ℃ before being wound at the outlet;
and S7, carrying out withdrawal straightening and transverse shearing on the finished coiled material processed in the S6 to obtain the aluminum alloy substrate.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 was substantially the same as the production method of example 1 except that the addition amount of Mn was 0.1% or less in the step S12.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 was substantially the same as the production method of example 1, except that the metal temperature was controlled at 550℃and the heat was kept for 8 hours at the time of the homogenization heat treatment in the step S3.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is substantially the same as the production method of example 1 except that, in the step S5, the hot rolled blank is subjected to multi-pass cold rolling to a finished coil of 0.9mm thickness by ordinary rolling.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 was substantially the same as the production method of example 1 except that the solid solution temperature was 550 ℃ at the time of performing step S6; referring to fig. 1 and 2, compared with an electron microscope image of an aluminum alloy substrate prepared at a solid solution temperature of 495+/-5 ℃ and an aluminum alloy substrate prepared at a conventional solid solution temperature of comparative example 4, the grain size of the aluminum alloy substrate provided by the invention is smaller than that of the aluminum alloy substrate prepared by the method provided by comparative example 4; referring to fig. 3 and 4, compared with the fracture SEM electron microscope images of the aluminum alloy substrate prepared at the solid solution temperature of 495+/-5 ℃ and the aluminum alloy substrate prepared at the conventional solid solution temperature of comparative example 4, the fracture of the aluminum alloy substrate prepared by the method provided by the invention belongs to typical toughness fracture, the ductile fossa on the fracture of the aluminum alloy substrate prepared by the method of comparative example 4 is less, the proportion of lamellar crystal along cracking is increased, namely the plasticity of the aluminum alloy substrate prepared by the method provided by the invention is better than that of the aluminum alloy substrate prepared by the method of comparative example 4;
the results of performance tests on the aluminum alloy substrates prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in the following table:
table 1 is a performance monitoring table for examples 1-3:
table 2 is a performance monitoring table for comparative examples 1-4:
although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The manufacturing method for improving the hemming performance of the 6016 automobile stamping plate is characterized by comprising the following preparation processes:
s1, preparing raw materials according to the following weight percentage: si=1.0% -1.05%, fe=0.12% -0.2%, cu is less than or equal to 0.02%, mn=0.12% -0.2%, mg=0.38% -0.45%, cr is less than or equal to 0.002%, zn is less than or equal to 0.02%, ti=0.02% -0.025%, other unavoidable individual elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, total is less than or equal to 0.15%, the balance is Al, and the ratio of Mn to Fe is controlled to be 1:1;
s2, smelting and casting, namely putting the raw materials in the step S1 into a smelting furnace for smelting, guiding the melt into a refining furnace for refining, and casting into an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 600-650mm after degassing and deslagging;
s3, homogenizing heat treatment, namely placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step S2 into a heating furnace for homogenizing heat treatment after sawing and milling, controlling the metal temperature to 565-570 ℃, and preserving heat for 15h;
s4, hot rolling, namely carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0 mm;
s5, cold rolling, namely performing first-pass superfine rolling on the hot rolled blank with the thickness of 8.0mm obtained in the S4 to obtain a first cold rolled blank with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting high-pressure high-working ratio, performing 3-4-pass ordinary rolling on the first cold rolled blank according to the working ratio of 25% -35% of each pass to obtain a second cold rolled blank, and finally performing cold rolling on the second cold rolled blank to obtain a finished coiled material with the thickness of 0.9-1.2mm according to the working ratio of 15% -20%;
s6, solution quenching and pre-ageing treatment, wherein the finished coiled material is subjected to solution quenching in a continuous quenching line in a sub-temperature solution mode, the solution temperature of the finished coiled material with the thickness of 0.9-1.2mm is 495+/-5 ℃, the solution heat preservation time is 2-3.5 minutes, the water spray quenching is performed under the condition that the transfer time is less than 20 seconds after the solution quenching, the water temperature is lower than 35 ℃, and the water spray quenching cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/S; carrying out pre-ageing treatment within 3 minutes after water spray quenching is finished, wherein the pre-ageing temperature is 190+/-5 ℃, the pre-ageing heat preservation time is 50-70 seconds, and a plurality of air cooling areas are arranged at the outlet of the pre-ageing furnace, so that the temperature of the pre-aged aluminum coil is reduced to below 45 ℃ before the aluminum coil is wound at the outlet;
and S7, carrying out withdrawal straightening and transverse shearing on the finished coiled material processed in the S6 to obtain the aluminum alloy substrate.
2. The manufacturing method for improving the hemming performance of 6016 automobile stamping plate according to claim 1, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, during casting, metal and non-metal compounds are strictly controlled, and the content of launder inclusions is less than 0.02mm 2 Per kg, the size of the inclusions is less than 12 μm.
3. The manufacturing method for improving the hemming performance of 6016 automobile stamping plate according to claim 1, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, all the lath-shaped beta-AlFeSi phases of the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment are converted into granular alpha-AlFeSi phases.
4. The manufacturing method for improving the hemming performance of 6016 automobile stamping plate according to claim 1, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy substrate is 200-215MPa, the yield strength is 90-110MPa, the yield ratio is below 0.5, and the breaking elongation A50mm reaches more than 24.0%; the minimum relative bending radius of the edge wrapping reaches below 0.5t, and the flanging appearance reaches the first-level appearance.
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| PCT/CN2023/120343 WO2024051856A1 (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2023-09-21 | Manufacturing method for improving edge fitting properties of 6016 automobile stamped sheets |
| AU2023339342A AU2023339342A1 (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2023-09-21 | Manufacturing method for improving edge fitting properties of 6016 automobile stamped sheets |
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