CN111439893B - Permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of uranium tailing underground leachate and remediation method thereof - Google Patents

Permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of uranium tailing underground leachate and remediation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111439893B
CN111439893B CN202010330812.8A CN202010330812A CN111439893B CN 111439893 B CN111439893 B CN 111439893B CN 202010330812 A CN202010330812 A CN 202010330812A CN 111439893 B CN111439893 B CN 111439893B
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uranium
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water
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CN111439893A (en
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易正戟
刘剑
曾荣英
龙九妹
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Hengyang Normal University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/002—Reclamation of contaminated soil involving in-situ ground water treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/006—Radioactive compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/19—SO4-S
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/346—Iron bacteria

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Abstract

Hair brushThe permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of the underground leachate of uranium tailings and the remediation method thereof are obviously provided, and the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps: building a tailing dam, preparing a reaction wall, setting up a sampling opening and setting up a covering layer, wherein the tailing dam is arranged at the tail end downstream of uranium tailings, a reverse osmosis layer is arranged on the inner side of the tailing dam and is used for further filtering the treated uranium-containing wastewater, the reaction wall comprises a water inlet layer, a reaction layer and a water outlet layer, the water inlet layer comprises coconut chaff and active carbon, the water outlet layer comprises coconut chaff, limestone and sandstone, the reaction layer comprises modified coconut chaff loaded with nano zero-valent iron and iron reducing bacteria and is positioned between the water inlet layer and the water outlet layer, and the covering layer is arranged on the reaction wall. The invention has wide material source, low cost and simple operation, and can effectively reduce the content of U (VI) ions and NO3 ‑Content, SO4 2‑The content and the COD value reach the relevant national emission standard, and the application range is wide.

Description

Permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of uranium tailing underground leachate and remediation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of in-situ remediation of underground water pollution, in particular to a permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of uranium tailing underground leachate and a remediation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the nuclear energy industry, a large amount of uranium ores are mined, and people face disease troubles caused by the damage of uranium wastewater to the environment while using cheap and clean nuclear power. In the process of mining uranium ores, uranium tailing ponds formed by stacking waste ores are becoming larger and larger. Under the impact of weathering and rain, uranium tailing stones are broken and dissolved, U (VI) dissolved in water has radioactivity along with the permeation of water to the underground, and the ecological environment is destroyed along with the pollution of underground water to the surrounding environment, so that various diseases are caused.
Currently, the acid in-situ leaching uranium mining method is a common method for uranium ore mining, the generated uranium wastewater has high acidity, and NO contained in the wastewater3 -、SO4 2-The concentration is high. The prior common methods comprise a lime method, a vulcanization method, an extraction electrodeposition method, a biological method and a micro-electrolysis method, but have low treatment efficiency, high cost and complicated operation. For example, CN201610335335 discloses a method for treating uranium-polluted underground water containing biological sulfur and ironA physical infiltration reaction wall comprising: the reaction well is arranged in soil containing uranium-polluted underground water, is positioned on a flow path of the underground water, and has a top level with the ground, and the top of the reaction well is provided with a first opening facing upwards; and the reaction medium is arranged in the reaction well, and is a biological sulfur-iron composite material mainly comprising ferrous sulfide and a composite flora combined on the ferrous sulfide. The treatment method needs to accurately determine the position of the reaction well, the preparation steps of the biological ferro-sulphur composite material are complicated, the operation conditions are rigorously controlled, the cost is high, the ion removal types are few, and the wastewater treatment is not thorough. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an in-situ remediation method for uranium-containing wastewater, which is simple in operation, high in treatment efficiency and low in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of uranium tailing underground leachate and a remediation method thereof3 -Content, SO4 2-Content and COD value, and simultaneously, in-situ repair cost is greatly reduced by using coconut coir as a reaction layer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of uranium tailings underground leachate, comprising:
1) the tailing dam is arranged in the downstream direction of the flow of the uranium-containing percolate in the uranium tailing yard, and a reverse osmosis layer is arranged on the inner side of the tailing dam;
2) the reaction wall is arranged on the inner side of the reverse osmosis layer, contains modified coconut coir loaded with nano zero-valent iron and iron reducing bacteria and is used for in-situ remediation of the uranium tailing underground leachate;
3) the sampling ports are arranged at the tail ends of the reaction wall and the tailing dam and are used for extracting the treated water sample to test;
4) and the covering layer is arranged on the surface of the reaction wall and used for protecting the reaction wall.
Further, the reverse osmosis layer comprises a first reverse osmosis layer and a second reverse osmosis layer, and is used for filtering the underground leachate treated by the reaction wall.
Preferably, the first reverse osmosis layer and the second reverse osmosis layer are made of one or a combination of two or more of sandy soil, gravel, activated carbon, biochar, coal slag, microspheres and plant straws, more preferably, the first reverse osmosis layer and the second reverse osmosis layer are made of one or a combination of two or more of sandy soil, gravel, coal slag and plant straws, and particularly, the first reverse osmosis layer is a sandy soil layer and the second reverse osmosis layer is a gravel layer.
Furthermore, the reaction wall comprises a water inlet layer, a reaction layer and a water outlet layer, wherein the water inlet layer mainly comprises unmodified coconut coir and activated carbon, the reaction layer mainly comprises modified coconut coir loaded with nano zero-valent iron and iron reducing bacteria, and the water outlet layer mainly comprises unmodified coconut coir, limestone and sandstone.
Further, the unmodified coconut coir in the water inlet layer is 10-100 meshes, preferably the unmodified coconut coir in the water inlet layer is 20-80 meshes, and more preferably the unmodified coconut coir in the water inlet layer is 20-60 meshes.
Further, the unmodified coconut coir in the water inlet layer is 5-50 meshes, preferably the unmodified coconut coir in the water inlet layer is 50-20 meshes, and more preferably the unmodified coconut coir in the water inlet layer is 5-15 meshes.
Further, the unmodified coconut coir in the water outlet layer is 50-500 meshes, preferably the unmodified coconut coir in the water outlet layer is 100-300 meshes, and more preferably the unmodified coconut coir in the water outlet layer is 150-200 meshes.
Further, the limestone in the water outlet layer is 5-100 meshes, preferably the limestone in the water outlet layer is 10-80 meshes, and more preferably the limestone in the water outlet layer is 20-60 meshes.
Further, the sand in the water outlet layer is 50-500 meshes, preferably, the sand in the water outlet layer is 50-200 meshes, and more preferably, the sand in the water outlet layer is 50-100 meshes.
On the other hand, the invention provides a method for repairing a permeable reactive barrier of underground leachate of uranium tailings in situ, which comprises the following steps:
1. construction of tailing dam
1) Constructing a tailing dam at the downstream of the tail end of the uranium tailing yard by using concrete;
2) the method comprises the following steps that a first reverse osmosis layer and a second reverse osmosis layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side of a dam body, the first reverse osmosis layer is used for filtering uranium tailing percolate processed by a reaction wall and adsorbing fine ferric hydroxide flocculation-shaped insoluble substances in the percolate, and the second reverse osmosis layer is used for ensuring smooth drainage of the percolate and preventing a tailing dam from collapsing due to blockage of a drain hole;
3) arranging a water drainage hole in the dam body;
4) and a drainage ditch is arranged on the outer side of the tailing dam and is connected with the drainage hole.
2. Building reaction wall
A. Building water intake layer
1) Mixing unmodified coconut coir and activated carbon according to a certain weight ratio;
2) digging an annular ditch in the downstream direction of the water flow of the percolate of the uranium tailing yard, and filling the mixture prepared in the step 1) into the annular ditch to obtain a water inlet layer.
B. Building a reaction layer
1) Selecting coconut shells, cleaning with water, and crushing the coconut shells into coconut chaff by adopting a crushing machine;
2) drying coconut coir;
3) putting the mixture into a microwave expansion furnace for expansion;
4) adding coconut chaff into FeSO4Adding an organic solvent and a dispersant into the solution, and stirring;
5) adding NaBH4Rapidly stirring the solution, filtering, and removing the filtrate to obtain the modified coconut coir loaded with nano zero-valent iron;
6) adding the modified coconut coir loaded with nano zero-valent iron into deionized water, putting the mixture into an autoclave, and heating for sterilization;
7) adding phosphoric acid buffer solution and glucose solution after filtration by a filter membrane, and introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen in the solution;
8) inoculating locally collected iron reducing bacteria mixed bacteria liquid after domestication culture, adding an electronic supply agent, and sealing;
9) placing the coconut husk into a constant-temperature shaking table, culturing in dark light, filtering, and removing filtrate to obtain modified coconut husk loaded with iron reducing bacteria and nano zero-valent iron;
10) digging an annular ditch at the downstream of the water inlet layer, and filling the modified coconut coir loaded with the iron reducing bacteria and the nano zero-valent iron obtained in the step 9) into the annular ditch to serve as a reaction layer.
C. Building up water-out layer
1) Mixing unmodified coconut coir, limestone and sandstone according to a certain weight ratio;
2) digging an annular groove between the first reverse osmosis layer and the reaction layer, and filling the annular groove with the mixture prepared in the step 1) to obtain a water outlet layer.
3. Setting a sampling port
Pipelines are arranged at the tail ends of the drainage ditch and the water outlet layer and are used as sampling ports for extracting the treated underground percolate;
4. setting up a cover layer
And laying a layer of fabric on the surfaces of the water inlet layer, the reaction layer and the water outlet layer to serve as a covering layer.
Further, the first reverse osmosis layer is 0.1-0.5 meter and the second reverse osmosis layer is 0.1-1 meter, preferably the first reverse osmosis layer is 0.2-0.4 meter and the second reverse osmosis layer is 0.2-0.8 meter, more preferably the first reverse osmosis layer is 0.3 meter and the second reverse osmosis layer is 0.3 meter.
Further, the drainage holes in the tailing dam are distributed in a W shape, a straight line and a snake shape in the dam body from top to bottom, and preferably, the drainage holes in the tailing dam are distributed in a straight line in the dam body from top to bottom.
Further, the gap between the drainage holes in the tailing dam is 1-3 meters, and more preferably, the gap between the drainage holes in the tailing dam is 2 meters.
Further, the weight ratio of the unmodified coconut coir to the activated carbon in the water inlet layer is (1-5): 1, more preferably, the weight ratio of the unmodified coconut coir to the activated carbon in the water inlet layer is (2-4): 1, specifically, the weight ratio of unmodified coconut coir to activated carbon in the water inlet layer is 2: 1.
further, the thickness of the water inlet layer is 0.1-0.5 m, preferably the thickness of the water inlet layer is 0.2-0.4 m, and more preferably the thickness of the water inlet layer is 0.3 m.
Further, the coconut husk obtained by crushing the coconut husk is 50 to 200 mesh, preferably, the coconut husk obtained by crushing the coconut husk is 50 to 150 mesh, and specifically, the coconut husk obtained by crushing the coconut husk is 80 mesh.
Further, the drying temperature of the coconut coir for preparing the reaction wall is 10-60 ℃, the drying time is 6-24 hours, preferably, the drying temperature of the coconut coir for preparing the reaction wall is 20-50 ℃, the drying time is 8-20 hours, and more preferably, the drying temperature of the coconut coir for preparing the reaction wall is 20-40 ℃, and the drying time is 10-15 hours.
Further, the expansion power of the coconut husk microwave expansion furnace for preparing the reaction wall is 500-2000W, and the expansion time is 1-10 minutes, preferably, the expansion power of the coconut husk microwave expansion furnace for preparing the reaction wall is 500-1500W, and the expansion time is 1-8 minutes, more preferably, the expansion power of the coconut husk microwave expansion furnace for preparing the reaction wall is 800-1200W, and the expansion time is 1-5 minutes.
Further, the organic solvent includes ethanol, methanol, acetic acid, acetone, propanol, propionic acid, formic acid, preferably, the organic solvent includes ethanol, acetic acid, acetone, more preferably, the organic solvent is ethanol.
Further, the dispersing agent is soluble starch, hydroxyethyl starch, gelatin, hydroxymethyl cellulose, palmityl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and cyclohexanol, preferably, the dispersing agent is soluble starch, hydroxyethyl starch and gelatin, and particularly, the dispersing agent is gelatin.
Further, the electron supplying agent includes one or a combination of at least two of sodium lactate, ferric citrate, ethanol, methanol, glucose and sodium formate, preferably, the electron supplying agent is one or a combination of at least two of sodium lactate, ferric citrate and ethanol, and more preferably, the electron supplying agent is sodium lactate.
Further, the concentration of the electron donor is 50-200g/L, preferably 80-160g/L, and more preferably 100-150 g/L.
Further, the thickness of the reaction layer is 0.1-1 m, preferably the thickness of the reaction layer is 0.3-0.8 m, and more preferably the thickness of the reaction layer is 0.3-0.6 m.
Further, the weight ratio of the unmodified coconut coir, limestone and sand to the unmodified limestone is (1-10) to (1-5): preferably, the weight ratio of the unmodified coconut coir, the limestone and the sand to the unmodified limestone is (2-6): 1-3):1, and more preferably, the weight ratio of the unmodified coconut coir, the limestone and the sand to the unmodified limestone is 2:1: 1.
Further, the thickness of the water outlet layer is 0.1-0.5 m, preferably the thickness of the water outlet layer is 0.1-0.4 m, and more preferably the thickness of the water outlet layer is 0.1-0.3 m.
Further, the cover layer has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 m, preferably 0.1-0.3 m, in particular 0.2 m.
Furthermore, the reaction wall and a tailing dam are built on the uranium tailing water-resisting layer, so that the underground leachate of the uranium tailings can be completely repaired.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method effectively reduces the U (VI) content and NO in the uranium tailing percolate by arranging the reaction wall and utilizing the coconut chaff, the active carbon, the nano zero-valent iron, the sandstone and the limestone in the reaction wall3 -Content, SO4 2-The content and the COD value of the water reach the relevant national standard of surface water;
(2) iron reducing bacteria are loaded in the modified coconut coir, iron hydroxide insoluble substances generated by reaction are effectively removed, nano zero-valent iron is fully reacted with U (VI), the reaction activity and the service life of the nano zero-valent iron are increased, and the treatment capacity of a reaction wall on leachate is improved;
(3) the reverse osmosis layer further filters the treated uranium tailing percolate to remove insoluble substances contained in the uranium tailing percolate;
(4) the coconut chaff has wide source and low cost, and the cost of in-situ remediation of the uranium-containing percolate is greatly reduced;
(5) the uranium-bearing wastewater treatment device is simple in structure, low in cost, high in uranium-bearing wastewater treatment efficiency and wide in application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional structure view of a permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of uranium tailings underground leachate and a remediation system thereof;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of underground leachate of uranium tailings according to the present invention;
wherein, 1-a cover layer; 2-a water-resisting layer; 3-a reaction wall; 4-a first reverse osmosis layer; 5-a second reverse osmosis layer; 6-tailing dam; 7-a water drainage hole; 8-a sampling port; 9-a drainage ditch;
301-water intake layer; 302-a reaction medium layer; 303-water outlet layer.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided as schematic drawings and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
A method for repairing a permeable reactive barrier of underground leachate of uranium tailings in situ comprises the following steps:
1. construction of tailing dam
1) Constructing a tailing dam 6 at the downstream of a uranium tailing yard by using concrete, wherein the height is 10 meters, the width is 1 meter, and the length is 500 meters;
2) the inner side of the dam body is sequentially provided with a first reverse osmosis layer 4 and a second reverse osmosis layer 5, the first reverse osmosis layer 4 is a sand layer, the second reverse osmosis layer 5 is a gravel reverse osmosis layer, the second reverse osmosis layer 5 is positioned between the tailing dam and the sand layer, the first reverse osmosis layer 4 and the second reverse osmosis layer 5 directly reach the water-resisting layer 2, the depth is 4.5 meters, and the thickness is 0.3 meter;
3) a group of drain holes 7 are arranged in the dam body every 10 meters, and the interval between every two drain holes is 2 meters from top to bottom, and the number of the drain holes is 5;
4) and a drainage ditch 9 is arranged on the outer side of the tailing dam and is connected with the drainage hole 7.
2. Preparation of reaction wall
The reaction wall 3 comprises a water inlet layer 301, a reaction layer 302 and a water outlet layer 303, wherein the outer side of the water inlet layer is connected with the uranium tailing yard, the water outlet layer is adjacent to the sand layer, and the reaction layer is positioned between the water inlet layer and the water outlet layer. Two groups of reaction walls are arranged for maintenance and replacement.
(1) Building water intake layer
1) Mixing 50-mesh unmodified coconut coir and about 10-mesh active carbon according to the weight ratio of 2: 1;
2) a wall body is built on the inner side of the sand soil layer of the tailing dam by using the mixture to serve as a water inlet layer 301, and the wall body is 0.3 m in thickness, 4.5 m in height and 5 m in length.
(2) Building reaction layer
1) Selecting coconut shells, cleaning with water, and crushing the coconut shells into powdery coconut chaff with the particle size of 80 meshes by adopting a crushing machine;
2) drying coconut coir at 30 ℃ for 12 hours until the water content is about 20%;
3) then placing the mixture into a microwave puffing furnace, adjusting the power to 1000W, and puffing for 2 minutes;
4) adding coconut coir into 10L of FeSO with the concentration of 1.5g/L according to the weight ratio of 2:14Adding 2.0L of ethanol and 10g of gelatin into the solution, and stirring for 2 hours;
5) 10L of 1.2g/L NaBH was added4Rapidly stirring for 15 seconds, filtering, and removing filtrate;
6) adding the material with the solvent removed into 1L of deionized water, placing the mixture into an autoclave, heating to 121 ℃, and sterilizing for 30 minutes;
7) adding 100ml of 13g/L phosphoric acid buffer solution with pH of 7.0 filtered by a 0.22 mu m filter membrane and 100ml of 54g/L glucose solution into the sterilized materials, and introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen in the solution;
8) inoculation with 1ml107Adding 100ml of L30g/L sodium lactate into the locally domesticated and cultured iron reducing bacteria mixed bacterial liquidSealing;
9) placing into constant temperature shaking table, maintaining temperature at 30 deg.C, culturing in dark light for 7 days, filtering, and removing filtrate to obtain reaction medium;
10) and a reaction medium is poured outside the water inlet layer, the thickness is 0.5 m, the depth is 4.5 m, and the width is 500 m, so that the reaction layer is formed.
(3) Building water outlet layer
1) Mixing 200-mesh unmodified coconut coir, 50-mesh limestone and 100-mesh sandstone according to the weight ratio of 2:1: 1;
2) the mixture is filled between the sandy soil layer and the reaction layer, the thickness is 0.1 meter, the depth is 4.5 meters, the width is 500 meters, and the mixture is used as a water outlet layer 303.
3. Setting a sampling port
And sampling ports 8 are respectively arranged at the tail ends of the drainage ditch and the water outlet layer and are used for monitoring the quality of the treated underground water.
4. Setting up a cover layer
And a covering woven bag and a turf with the thickness of 0.1 meter are paved on the reaction wall 3, the sand layer 4 and the gravel reverse osmosis layer 5 to serve as a covering layer 1 so as to protect the damage caused by rainwater, beasts, birds and the like.
Example 2
A certain small uranium tailing pond in the south of China is selected as an application object, the groundwater quality index is detected, and the result is as follows: flow rate of 0.08-1.22L/s (average of 0.35L/s), pH value of 2.74-3.31 (average of 2.96) and U (VI) concentration of 6.4-12.9 mg/L. The in situ repairs were performed as described in example 1, with samples taken from the sample port and tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002464893140000081
As can be seen from Table 1, the underground leachate of the uranium tailing pond is treated, and the pH, U (VI) and SO of the underground leachate are4 2-、NO3 -The COD and the appearance can reach the relevant national emission standards.
The water yield was counted between 11 months in 2018 and 10 months in 2019, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002464893140000082
It can be known from table 2 that, except that the water yield is reduced due to seasonal factors, the reaction wall in the tailing dam can normally treat sewage, and the phenomenon that uranium-containing wastewater overflows the tailing dam due to blockage of the reaction wall by a large amount of insoluble ferric hydroxide substances does not occur.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to these embodiments. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for repairing a permeable reactive barrier of underground leachate of uranium tailings in situ is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) construction of tailing dam
1) Constructing a tailing dam at the downstream of the tail end of the uranium tailing yard by using concrete;
2) a first reverse osmosis layer and a second reverse osmosis layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the dam body;
3) arranging a water drainage hole in the dam body;
4) arranging a drainage ditch outside the tailing dam and connecting with the drainage hole;
(2) building reaction wall
A. Building water intake layer
1) Mixing unmodified coconut coir and activated carbon according to a certain weight ratio;
2) digging an annular ditch in the downstream direction of the water flow of the percolate of the uranium tailing yard, and filling the mixture prepared in the step 1) into the annular ditch to obtain a water inlet layer;
B. building a reaction layer
1) Selecting coconut shells, cleaning with water, and crushing the coconut shells into coconut chaff by adopting a crushing machine;
2) drying coconut coir;
3) putting the mixture into a microwave expansion furnace for expansion;
4) adding coconut coir into 10L of FeSO with the concentration of 1.5g/L according to the weight ratio of 2:14Adding an organic solvent and a dispersant into the solution, and stirring;
5) 10L of 1.2g/L NaBH was added4Rapidly stirring the solution, filtering, and removing the filtrate to obtain the modified coconut coir loaded with nano zero-valent iron;
6) adding the material with the solvent removed into deionized water, placing into an autoclave, and heating for sterilization;
7) adding phosphoric acid buffer solution and glucose solution filtered by a filter membrane into the sterilized material, and introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen in the solution;
8) inoculating locally collected iron reducing bacteria mixed bacteria liquid after domestication culture, adding an electronic supply agent, and sealing;
9) placing the coconut husk into a constant-temperature shaking table, culturing in dark light, filtering, and removing filtrate to obtain modified coconut husk loaded with iron reducing bacteria and nano zero-valent iron;
10) digging an annular ditch at the downstream of the water inlet layer, and filling the modified coconut coir loaded with iron reducing bacteria and nano zero-valent iron obtained in the step 9) into the annular ditch to serve as a reaction layer;
C. building up water-out layer
1) Mixing unmodified coconut coir, limestone and sandstone according to a certain weight ratio;
2) digging an annular groove between the first reverse osmosis layer and the reaction layer, and filling the mixture prepared in the step 1) into the annular groove to obtain a water outlet layer;
(3) setting a sampling port
Pipelines are arranged at the tail ends of the drainage ditch and the water outlet layer and are used as sampling ports for extracting the treated underground percolate;
(4) setting up a cover layer
And laying a layer of fabric on the surfaces of the water inlet layer, the reaction layer and the water outlet layer to serve as a covering layer.
2. The method for repairing the permeable reactive barrier of the in-situ remediation uranium tailings underground leachate of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the unmodified coconut coir to the activated carbon in the step of constructing the water inlet layer is (1-5): 1.
3. the method for repairing the permeable reaction wall of the in-situ repair uranium tailing underground leachate according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the coconut coir in the reaction layer construction step is 50-200 meshes.
4. The method for repairing the permeable reaction wall of the underground leachate of the uranium tailings in situ according to claim 1, wherein the electron donor in the reaction layer construction step is one or a combination of at least two of sodium lactate, ferric citrate, ethanol, methanol, glucose and sodium formate.
5. The permeable reactive barrier repairing method for in-situ repairing of uranium tailings underground leachate according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of unmodified coconut coir, limestone and sand in the construction step of the effluent layer is (1-10): (1-5): 1.
6. the method for repairing the permeable reactive barrier of the underground leachate of the uranium tailings in situ as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reactive barrier and the tailings dam are built on the uranium tailings water barrier.
7. The permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of underground leachate of uranium tailings as claimed in claim 6, comprising:
1) the tailing dam is arranged in the downstream direction of the flow of the uranium-containing percolate in the uranium tailing yard, and a reverse osmosis layer is arranged on the inner side of the tailing dam;
2) the reaction wall is arranged on the inner side of the reverse osmosis layer, contains modified coconut coir loaded with zero-valent nano iron and iron reducing bacteria and is used for in-situ remediation of the uranium tailing underground leachate;
3) the sampling ports are arranged at the tail ends of the reaction wall and the tailing dam and are used for extracting the treated water sample to test;
4) and the covering layer is arranged on the surface of the reaction wall and used for protecting the reaction wall.
8. The permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of underground leachate of uranium tailings of claim 7, wherein the reverse osmosis layer comprises a first reverse osmosis layer and a second reverse osmosis layer.
9. The permeable reactive barrier for in-situ remediation of uranium tailings underground leachate according to claim 8, wherein the material of the first reverse osmosis layer and the second reverse osmosis layer is one or a combination of more than two of sandy soil, gravel, coal slag and plant straws.
10. The permeable reaction wall for in-situ remediation of uranium tailings underground leachate of claim 7, wherein the reaction wall comprises a water inlet layer, a reaction layer and a water outlet layer, the water inlet layer is composed of unmodified coconut coir and activated carbon, the reaction layer is composed of modified coconut coir loaded with nano zero-valent iron and iron reducing bacteria, and the water outlet layer is composed of unmodified coconut coir, limestone and sandstone.
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CN112110571A (en) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-22 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 Permeable reactive barrier and repairing method
CN113006127B (en) * 2021-03-03 2023-01-03 湖南科技大学 In-situ repair system and method for replaceable tailing pond leachate
CN113104921B (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-12-07 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 Method for treating uranium-containing wastewater
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