CN111436324A - Forest water-retention planting method - Google Patents
Forest water-retention planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111436324A CN111436324A CN202010271422.8A CN202010271422A CN111436324A CN 111436324 A CN111436324 A CN 111436324A CN 202010271422 A CN202010271422 A CN 202010271422A CN 111436324 A CN111436324 A CN 111436324A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-retention planting method for forest trees, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of nursery stock pretreatment, water-retaining agent preparation, nursery stock deep planting, water-retaining agent application and trunk wrapping. The water-retaining agent comprises plant starch, nano calcium carbonate, gelatin, phosphorus pentoxide, purple shale millet and hydroxypropyl cellulose. The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) various water retention means are comprehensively treated, so that the water retention efficiency and the survival rate of the trees are improved; (2) the operation is simple and convenient, and the popularization is easy; (3) environment-friendly and does not cause pollution to soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest planting, in particular to a water-retaining planting method for forest trees.
Background
In arid and semi-arid regions, water is one of main factors for restricting the distribution and normal growth of plants, and the traditional farming and animal husbandry planting method is to directly transplant and then carry out watering and fertilizing treatment; the planting mode is not beneficial to the water retention and moisture retention of the plants, so that the survival rate of the plants is very low when the plants are planted in dry land, sand land and sloping land which are lack of water. For years, China invests a great deal of manpower and financial resources for preventing desertification; technologists make many active attempts to solve the problem of plant survival rate in regions difficult to afforest in the open field, especially dry land and semi-dry land in the aspects of water retention, desertification control and the like. In the aspect of forestry planting, the forest area is large, the distribution is wide, the growing environment condition is complex in China, in order to solve difficult field afforestation problems such as arid land, semiarid land and water-deficient sloping land, the afforestation survival rate is improved, if a mode of artificial watering is adopted, the investment is large, resources are consumed, most plants naturally grow by means of rainfall, but with the outstanding drought problem, only the absorbing capacity of the plant root system to the rainfall after the rainfall is relied on, the plants grow slowly, particularly after the plants are transplanted, the plant root system is not developed, the water absorbing and preserving capacity is weak, and even if the plants are transplanted after the rainfall, the plants are difficult to survive.
Therefore, the problem that the technical personnel in the field need to solve is to provide a water-retaining planting method for trees with high survival rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a water-retention planting method for forest trees, which can improve the survival rate of difficult field forestation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a water-retention planting method for forest trees comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating nursery stocks;
(2) preparing a water-retaining agent: crushing the purple shale millet, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and then weighing and mixing with plant starch, nano calcium carbonate, gelatin, phosphorus pentoxide and hydroxypropyl cellulose to prepare a water-retaining agent for later use;
(3) deeply planting the nursery stock;
(4) application of water-retaining agent: the water-retaining agent is added according to the proportion of 20-25 g/m3Uniformly spreading the soil on the surface layer of the soil, then combing and leveling the soil, watering and covering with a mulching film;
(5) packaging the trunk: the nursery stock base is densely wound with wet straw ropes, and then the wet straw ropes are covered with mud.
Preferably, the operation steps of the nursery stock pretreatment in the step (1) are as follows: selecting strong seedlings without diseases and insect pests, pruning the seedlings before transplanting, drawing a circle by taking the diameter at breast height of 3-4 times as the radius to cut off roots, and soaking a cut in 0.001-0.003% of naphthylacetic acid.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent in the step (2) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of plant starch, 25-40 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 8-10 parts of gelatin, 10-15 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 20-30 parts of purple shale millet and 1-3 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
After the plant starch is contacted with water, hydrophilic groups in the structure are firstly combined with the water by hydrogen bonds to absorb and expand, the method ensures that the plant starch holds a large amount of water, ionic hydrophilic groups can be ionized due to the contact with the water, the electrostatic repulsion among dissociated anions enables the network structure in the starch water retention agent to expand, and cations which are electrically neutral with the anions cannot diffuse outwards, so that concentration difference exists inside and outside the three-dimensional network space of the starch, therefore, the water further enters into the grids of the plant starch due to the existence of osmotic pressure until the balance of various forces is reached, so that the water absorption process of the plant starch is finished, and the plant starch only expands in the water to form gel without dissolving, and when the water in the plant starch is released, the water absorption capacity is still realized as long as molecular chains are not damaged; the gelatin can wrap other components of the water-retaining agent, so that the soil has the characteristics of repeated water absorption and water release, and can slowly release water for plants to absorb and utilize; because the stone millet has certain adsorption capacity, nutrient elements can be adsorbed when the stone millet is contacted with the fertilizer, and a 'storage library' of plant nutrient elements and physiologically active substances is formed, so that the release and decomposition speed of the nutrient elements is effectively slowed down, and the effects of improving the fertilizer efficiency, increasing the survival rate of seedlings and reducing pollution are achieved; the hydroxypropyl cellulose forms a gel substance after absorbing water and expanding, and can slowly release water under a dry condition, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the water content of soil and promoting the growth of plants.
Preferably, the particle size of the nano calcium carbonate is 80-100 nm.
Preferably, the process of deep planting the nursery stock in the step (3) is as follows: transplanting the seedlings to a depth of 1.2-2 m, sealing soil, and watering.
Preferably, the mulching film in the step (4) is a biodegradable water-retention mulching film.
The mulching film has wider and wider use area in agriculture in China, and as the residual mulching film is not recycled thoroughly in the use process, the amount of the residual mulching film in the soil is increased along with the longer and longer use time of the mulching film, so that the integral physical performance of the soil is also deteriorated. The mulching film adopted by the invention is a biodegradable water-retaining mulching film, and the use of the mulching film can not cause too large mulching film residue, thereby greatly reducing agricultural pollution.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) various water retention means are comprehensively treated, so that the water retention efficiency and the survival rate of the trees are improved; (2) the operation is simple and convenient, and the popularization is easy; (3) environment-friendly and does not cause pollution to soil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Seedling pretreatment: selecting 200 annual fraxinus mandshurica seedlings which are strong in growth and free of diseases and insect pests, wherein the seedling height is 9-11 cm, pruning the fraxinus mandshurica seedlings before transplanting, drawing a circle by taking the breast diameter of 3-4 times as the radius to cut off roots, and soaking cut parts with 0.001% of naphthylacetic acid;
(2) preparing a water-retaining agent: weighing 20kg of plant starch, 25kg of nano calcium carbonate with the particle size of 80nm, 10kg of gelatin, 15kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 20kg of purple shale millet crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve and 1kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and mixing to prepare a water-retaining agent for later use;
(3) transplanting Fraxinus mandshurica in 1.2m depth, sealing soil, and watering;
(4) application of water-retaining agent: adding 20g/m of water-retaining agent3Uniformly spreading the soil on the surface layer of the soil, then combing and leveling the soil, and watering;
(5) covering a biodegradable water-retaining mulching film;
(6) packaging the trunk: the nursery stock base is densely wound with wet straw ropes, and then the wet straw ropes are covered with mud.
The growth of fraxinus mandshurica was evaluated after 60 days of transplantation, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 growth of fraxinus mandshurica
| Survival Rate of transplantation (%) | Average high growth/mm | Average diameter growth/mm | Average growth/mm3Plant strain-1 |
| 88.3 | 34.2 | 1.82 | 115 |
Example 2
(1) Seedling pretreatment: selecting 200 healthy white wax plants without diseases and insect pests, wherein the ground diameter is more than 2cm, the root system is complete, the root width is more than or equal to 20cm, trimming the white wax plants before transplanting, drawing a circle by taking the breast diameter of 3-4 times as the radius to cut off the roots, and dipping the cut parts with 0.003% naphthylacetic acid;
(2) preparing a water-retaining agent: weighing 40kg of plant starch, 40kg of nano calcium carbonate with the particle size of 100nm, 8kg of gelatin, 10kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 30kg of purple shale millet crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve and 3kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and mixing to prepare a water-retaining agent for later use;
(3) transplanting fraxinus mandshurica to a depth of 2m, sealing soil, and watering;
(4) application of water-retaining agent: adding 25g/m of water-retaining agent3Uniformly spreading the soil on the surface layer of the soil, then combing and leveling the soil, and watering;
(5) covering a biodegradable water-retaining mulching film;
(6) packaging the trunk: the nursery stock base is densely wound with wet straw ropes, and then the wet straw ropes are covered with mud.
Transplanting for 60d, the growth of white wax was evaluated, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 growth of white wax
| Survival Rate of transplantation (%) | Average high growth/mm | Average diameter growth/mm |
| 90.5 | 8.3 | 6.4 |
Example 3
(1) Seedling pretreatment: selecting 200 robust pinus koraiensis without diseases and insect pests, wherein the ground diameter is more than or equal to 0.5cm, the seedling height is more than or equal to 28cm, the main root length is more than or equal to 15cm, pruning the pinus koraiensis before transplanting, drawing a circle with the diameter at breast height of 3-4 times as the radius to cut off the root, and soaking a cut with 0.002% of naphthylacetic acid;
(2) preparing a water-retaining agent: weighing 30kg of plant starch, 30kg of nano calcium carbonate with the particle size of 90nm, 9kg of gelatin, 13kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 25kg of purple shale millet crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve and 2kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and mixing to prepare a water-retaining agent for later use;
(3) transplanting Korean pine to 2m depth, sealing soil, and watering;
(4) applying a water-retaining agent: adding 22g/m of water-retaining agent3Uniformly spreading the soil on the surface layer of the soil, then combing and leveling the soil, and watering;
(5) covering a biodegradable water-retaining mulching film;
(6) packaging the trunk: the nursery stock base is densely wound with wet straw ropes, and then the wet straw ropes are covered with mud.
Comparative example 1
Water-retaining agent Potassium polyacrylate type water-retaining agent was used, and the other operations were the same as in example 3
Comparative example 2
Covering with a mulching film of PE material, the other operations are the same as example 3
After 60d of transplanting, the growth conditions of the Korean pine of the example 3, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Korean pine growth
| Group of | Survival Rate of transplantation (%) |
| Example 3 | 89.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 82.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 84.6 |
Experiment 1 soil moisture content variation
(1) Subject: example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2.
(2) The measurement contents are as follows: and (5) transplanting for 0, 7, 15, 30 and 45d to measure the water content of the soil (no precipitation in 45 d).
(3) The determination method comprises the following steps:
A. weighing 20g (accurate to 0.01g) of a natural wet soil sample, putting the natural wet soil sample into an aluminum box with known mass, covering the box cover, and weighing, namely the mass of the aluminum box with wet soil;
B. uncovering the box cover, putting the box cover into an oven, drying the box cover to constant quality at the temperature of 105 ℃, taking the box cover out, and putting the box cover into a dryer to cool the box cover to room temperature;
C. taking out the aluminum box from the dryer, covering the box cover, and weighing, namely the mass of the aluminum box and the drying soil;
D. and (3) calculating: water content (%) of soil (m)2-m)/m×100％
In the formula: m is the dried soil mass, g; m is2Wet soil mass, g.
(4) And (3) measuring results: as shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 soil moisture content measurement results
| Group of | 0d(％) | 7d(％) | 15d(％) | 30d(％) | 45d(％) |
| Example 3 | 36.7 | 24.6 | 16.3 | 10.8 | 8.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 34.3 | 15.7 | 9.2 | 5.2 | 4.9 |
| Comparative example 2 | 35.9 | 18.6 | 10.8 | 5.9 | 5.4 |
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the device disclosed by the embodiment, the description is simple because the device corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant part can be referred to the method part for description.
The general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A water-retention planting method for forest trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreating nursery stocks;
(2) preparing a water-retaining agent: crushing the purple shale millet, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and mixing with plant starch, nano calcium carbonate, gelatin, phosphorus pentoxide and hydroxypropyl cellulose to prepare a water-retaining agent for later use;
(3) deeply planting the nursery stock;
(4) application of water-retaining agent: the water-retaining agent is added according to the proportion of 20-25 g/m3Uniformly spreading the soil on the surface layer of the soil, then combing and leveling the soil, watering and covering with a mulching film;
(5) packaging the trunk: the nursery stock base is densely wound with wet straw ropes, and then the wet straw ropes are covered with mud.
2. The water-retaining planting method for forest trees according to claim 1, wherein the operation steps of the nursery stock pretreatment in the step (1) are as follows: selecting strong seedlings without diseases and insect pests, pruning the seedlings before transplanting, drawing a circle by taking the diameter at breast height of 3-4 times as the radius to cut off roots, and soaking a cut in 0.001-0.003% of naphthylacetic acid.
3. The water-retaining planting method for forest trees according to claim 1, wherein the water-retaining agent in the step (2) comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-40 parts of plant starch, 25-40 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 8-10 parts of gelatin, 10-15 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 20-30 parts of purple shale millet and 1-3 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
4. The water-retaining planting method for forest trees according to claim 3, wherein the particle size of the nano calcium carbonate is 80-100 nm.
5. The water-retaining planting method for the forest trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deep planting process of the nursery stocks in the step (3) is as follows: transplanting the seedlings to a depth of 1.2-2 m, sealing soil, and watering.
6. The water-retaining planting method for forest trees according to claim 1, wherein the mulching film in the step (4) is a biodegradable water-retaining mulching film.
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| CN202010271422.8A CN111436324A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Forest water-retention planting method |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103947506A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-30 | 王杨 | Forest planting method on desertified land |
| CN104488659A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-04-08 | 于瑞德 | Under-root-mulching water-retention transplantation method used in arid region |
| CN104946261A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-09-30 | 和县正林苗木专业合作社 | Water-retaining agent for bamboo willow in drought regions |
| CN106233854A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 博白县那林镇东良番石榴种植专业合作社 | A kind of method planting pearl guava water conservation |
| CN107396807A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-28 | 北京星河园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of arid biogeographic zone transplanting big tree |
| CN110384014A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-29 | 新疆农垦科学院 | A kind of implantation methods in the water-saving gardens in Northwest arid district |
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2020
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103947506A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-30 | 王杨 | Forest planting method on desertified land |
| CN104488659A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-04-08 | 于瑞德 | Under-root-mulching water-retention transplantation method used in arid region |
| CN104946261A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-09-30 | 和县正林苗木专业合作社 | Water-retaining agent for bamboo willow in drought regions |
| CN106233854A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 博白县那林镇东良番石榴种植专业合作社 | A kind of method planting pearl guava water conservation |
| CN107396807A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-28 | 北京星河园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of arid biogeographic zone transplanting big tree |
| CN110384014A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-29 | 新疆农垦科学院 | A kind of implantation methods in the water-saving gardens in Northwest arid district |
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| 于桂霞: "辽西地区非适宜季节树木栽植 ", 《新农业》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200724 |