CN111431388B - Control device capable of improving transient performance of variable-frequency ripple control - Google Patents

Control device capable of improving transient performance of variable-frequency ripple control Download PDF

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CN111431388B
CN111431388B CN202010303116.8A CN202010303116A CN111431388B CN 111431388 B CN111431388 B CN 111431388B CN 202010303116 A CN202010303116 A CN 202010303116A CN 111431388 B CN111431388 B CN 111431388B
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voltage
control
output
comparator
transient performance
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CN111431388A (en
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张希
张中伟
包伯成
王天石
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Changzhou University
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Changzhou University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention relates to a control device capable of improving transient performance of variable frequency ripple control, which comprises a power circuit and a controller, wherein a comparator and an OR gate are added in a control circuit controlled by the traditional variable frequency ripple, and a signal generated when sampled capacitance current reaches threshold current and a signal generated by an on/off timer pass through the OR gate to obtain a path of control signal of an RS trigger; after the sampling capacitor current is superposed with the output voltage, the sampling capacitor current is compared with a control signal provided by a voltage outer ring through a comparator to be used as another path of control signal of the RS trigger, and then a power switch tube of the switch device is controlled through a driving circuit to adjust the output voltage of the switch device. According to the invention, the second comparator and the OR gate are added in the traditional control circuit for frequency conversion ripple control, when the load jump occurs in the fixed on-time or the fixed off-time, the on/off timer can be immediately disabled, and the on/off timer responds to the load jump, so that the transient performance of the switching converter is improved.

Description

Control device capable of improving transient performance of variable-frequency ripple control
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, in particular to a control device capable of improving transient performance of variable-frequency ripple control.
Background
With the increasing popularity of electronic products, power supplies are an important component as a power source for various electronic devices. The traditional linear power supply can not meet the requirements of high-performance electronic products, particularly the requirements of high and new technology industries such as communication, microelectronics, aerospace and the like on power supply technology are higher and higher, and the switching power supply has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high efficiency and the like, so that the switching power supply has great attention of academic and engineering circles and becomes a most active branch in the field of power electronics. However, as electronic products become more and more powerful, they have higher and higher requirements on the operating performance, especially the transient performance, of the switching power supply.
The switching power supply mainly comprises a switching power converter and a control circuit, wherein the switching power converter utilizes a power switching device to realize the transmission and conversion of electric energy, and the control circuit controls a control variable according to target requirements. Common switching power converter topological structures include a Buck converter, a Boost converter, a Buck-Boost converter, a forward converter, a flyback converter and the like. The control circuit can detect the change of the control quantity (such as inductive current and output voltage) of the switching power converter, and accordingly generates corresponding pulse signals to control the working state of a power switching device of the switching power converter, so that the energy transmitted to a load is adjusted, and the stable output of the switching power converter is realized.
The structure and operating principle of the control circuit are determined by the control method employed by the switching power converter. For a given switching converter topology, different control methods are adopted to generate different influences on the steady-state precision, the dynamic performance and the like of a system, and for a given application occasion, the topological structure of a switching power converter is often fixed, so that the working performance of a switching power supply is determined to a great extent by the design of a control circuit.
The variable frequency ripple control technology is a widely used and deeply studied control mode of the switching converter, and the multiple control loops of the variable frequency ripple control technology can improve the transient response of the switching converter, so the variable frequency ripple control technology is applied to various projects. However, in the conventional variable frequency ripple control technique, when the load jump occurs within a fixed on-time or a fixed off-time, the switching converter cannot respond immediately and generates a large output voltage impulse. Therefore, there is a need to improve the conventional variable frequency ripple control technology to improve its transient performance to adapt to some occasions with higher requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a control device capable of improving the transient performance of variable frequency ripple control, so as to make a quick response to load jump and improve the transient performance of the traditional variable frequency ripple control.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a control device capable of improving transient performance of variable frequency ripple control comprises a power circuit and a controller, wherein the power circuit is provided with an input, a switching device, a filtering device and an output, the input is transmitted to the filtering device through the switching device and enters the output after being filtered by the filtering device, and the controller is provided with: the voltage detection device and the reference voltage are respectively connected with the output, the capacitance current sampling device is connected with the filtering device, the voltage outer ring error amplifier is respectively connected with the voltage detection device and the reference voltage, the driving circuit is connected with the switching device, the threshold current is also connected with the switching device, the voltage outer ring error amplifier is further provided with a second comparator and an OR gate, two input ends of the second comparator are respectively connected with the capacitance current sampling device and the threshold current, one input end of the OR gate is connected with a switch-on/switch-off timer, the other input end of the OR gate is connected with the output end of the second comparator, the output end of the OR gate is connected with an RS trigger, and the output end of the RS trigger is connected with the input end of the driving circuit.
Preferably, the switch device adopts a switch tube S, the filter device adopts a low-pass filter composed of an inductor and a capacitor, the output device adopts a power resistor R, and the range of the power resistor R is 0.5-10 omega.
Furthermore, the voltage detection device adopts a voltage follower built by an operational amplifier, the reference voltage is provided by a voltage stabilizing chip, the voltage outer ring error amplifier adopts a PI compensator built by an operational amplifier, a capacitor and a resistor, the capacitance current sampling device adopts a differential amplification circuit built by the operational amplifier, the on/off timer and the RS trigger form a variable frequency controller, and the driving circuit adopts an integrated driving chip.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the second comparator and/or gate are added in the control circuit of the traditional frequency conversion ripple wave control, when the load jump occurs in the fixed on-time or the fixed off-time, the on/off timer can be immediately disabled, and the quick response is made to the load jump, so that the transient performance of the switching converter is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a waveform illustrating the simulation of the time domain of the output voltage during a fixed on-time in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a waveform illustrating the simulation of the time domain of the output voltage during a fixed turn-off time in accordance with the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1. the circuit comprises an input, 2a switch device, 3 a filter device, 4 an output, 5a voltage detection device, 6 a reference voltage, 7 a voltage outer ring error amplifier, 8a capacitance current sampling device, 9 a threshold current, 10 a second comparator, 11 a first comparator, 12 an OR gate, 13 an on/off timer, 14 an RS trigger and 15 a driving circuit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a control device for improving transient performance of variable frequency ripple control includes a power circuit and a controller.
In fig. 1, a power circuit is located outside the dashed line, and includes: the input 1 is connected to the switch device 2, transmitted to the filter device 3 after passing through the switch device 2, and enters the output 4 after passing through the filtering action of the filter device 3.
Within the dashed box is a controller, which includes: the circuit comprises a voltage detection device 5, a reference voltage 6, a voltage outer ring error amplifier 7, a capacitance current sampling device 8, a threshold current 9, a second comparator 10, a first comparator 11, an OR gate 12, an on/off timer 13, an RS trigger 14 and a driving circuit 15.
The voltage detection device 5 and the reference voltage 6 are respectively connected with the output 4, and the output ends of the voltage detection device 5 and the reference voltage 6 are respectively connected to two input ends of a voltage outer ring error amplifier 7; the input end of the capacitance current sampling device 8 is connected with the output end of the filter device 3, the output ends of the capacitance current sampling device 8 and the voltage outer ring error amplifier 7 are respectively connected to two input ends of a first comparator 11, and the output end of the first comparator 11 is connected with one input end of an RS trigger 14; meanwhile, the capacitance current sampling device 8 and the threshold current 9 are connected to one input terminal of an or gate 12 through a second comparator 10, and the other input terminal of the or gate 12 is connected to an on/off timer 13; the output end of the or gate 12 is connected with the other input end of the RS flip-flop 14; the Q output end of the RS flip-flop 14 is connected to the driving circuit 15, and the output end of the driving circuit 15 is connected to the switching device 2 for controlling the on/off of the switching device 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of an improved Buck converter of the present invention, wherein fig. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a fixed on-time control Buck converter of the present invention; fig. 2(b) is a schematic circuit diagram of the Buck converter for controlling the fixed off-time according to the present invention.
Taking fig. 2(a) as an example, the dashed frame part is an improved scheme compared with the fixed on-time control Buck converter. Input 1 is a device for providing an input voltage, using a battery as input signal, with an input voltage of VinThe optional range of (1) is 10V-20V, and a lithium battery or a storage battery and the like can be adopted; the switching device 2 can adopt a field effect transistor, a triode and the like, and a switching tube S is adopted as the switching device 2 in the embodiment, and the type IRF540 is preferred; the filtering device 3 may adopt a low-pass filter composed of an inductor and a capacitor or a filter composed of a single inductor, and in this embodiment, a low-pass filter composed of an inductor and a capacitor is adopted as the filtering device 3; the output device 4 may be a power resistor, a super capacitor, a microprocessor, an LED, or the like, in which the power resistor R is used as the output device 4 in this embodiment, and the range of the power resistor R is 0.5 Ω -10 Ω.
The voltage detection device 5 is used for detecting output voltage, and a voltage follower built by an operational amplifier is adopted as the voltage detection device 5; the reference voltage 6 can be provided by an auxiliary power supply or a voltage stabilizing chip, and the voltage stabilizing chip is adopted to provide the reference voltage 6 in the embodiment, preferably 78L 05; the voltage outer ring error amplifier 7 is used for improving an output voltage signal and improving stability and transient performance, and a PI compensator built by an operational amplifier, a capacitor and a resistor is used as the voltage outer ring error amplifier 7; a differential amplification circuit built by an operational amplifier is used as a capacitance current sampling device 8; the second comparator 10 and the first comparator 11 both adopt a chip LM 319; the variable frequency controller is composed of an on/off timer 13 and an RS trigger 14, wherein the on/off timer 13 adopts a commonly used timing circuit in a switching power supply; the RS flip-flop 14 employs a four-way two-input nor gate, preferably model 74HC 02; the driving circuit 15 can adopt an IR2125 or IR2110 driving chip, and in the embodiment, an integrated driving chip is adopted as the driving circuit 15, and the model IR2125 is preferred.
When the sampled capacitance current reaches the threshold current 9, a signal generated by the on/off timer 13 and a signal generated by the on/off timer are processed by the or gate 12 to obtain a control signal of the RS flip-flop 14; the sampling capacitor current sampling device 8 is superposed with the output voltage and then compared with a control signal provided by the voltage outer ring error amplifier 7 through a comparator to serve as the other path of control signal of the RS trigger 14, and then the switching tube S of the switching device 2 is controlled through the driving circuit 15 to adjust the output voltage of the switching device 2.
And (3) simulation result analysis:
fig. 3 is a time domain simulation waveform diagram of output voltage of a conventional Buck converter with fixed on-time and improved according to the present invention when a load jumps, respectively, using PSIM software, where simulation parameters are as follows: input voltage Vin12V, output voltage Vo=Vref5V, 10 muH inductance L, 94 muF capacitance C, 0.5 mOmega capacitance R, 1 omega load R, fixed on-time TON=2.5μs。
Fig. 3(c), fig. 3(d) and fig. 3(e) respectively correspond to an output current signal, an output voltage of a conventional fixed on-time Buck converter and an output voltage of a Buck converter improved by the method of the present invention. The horizontal axes of fig. 3(c), 3(d), and 3(e) represent time (ms), and the vertical axis of fig. 3(c) represents the output current signal (a), and the vertical axes of fig. 3(d) and 3(e) represent the output voltage (V). In fig. 3(c), at 6.03ms, the load changes from the heavy load state (5A) to the light load state (2A); as can be seen from fig. 3(d), the up-pulse of the output voltage of the conventional fixed on-time Buck converter is 0.2V, and the recovery time required for entering the new steady state from the original steady state is about 0.17 ms; as can be seen from fig. 3(e), the overshoot of the output voltage of the Buck converter improved by the method of the present invention is small, and is only 0.05V, and the recovery time required for entering the new steady state from the original steady state is very short, and is only 0.04 ms.
FIG. 4 is a time-domain simulation waveform diagram of the output voltage of the Buck converter with the fixed turn-off time T according to the conventional method and the improved Buck converter of the present invention when the load jumpsOFFThe remaining simulation parameters are consistent with those of fig. 3, 2.5 mus. FIG. 4(f), FIG. 4(g), and FIG. 4(h) are horizontalThe axes are time (ms), the vertical axis of fig. 4(f) is the output current signal (a), and the vertical axes of fig. 4(g) and fig. 4(h) is the output voltage (V). In fig. 4(f), at 6.03ms, the load changes from the light load state (5A) to the heavy load state (8A); as can be seen from fig. 4(g), the undershoot of the output voltage of the conventional fixed off-time Buck converter is 0.16V, and the recovery time required for entering the new steady state from the original steady state is about 0.17 ms; as can be seen from fig. 4(h), the impulse of the output voltage of the Buck converter improved by the method of the present invention is very small, and is only 0.05V, and the recovery time required for entering the new steady state from the original steady state is 0.1 ms.
From the simulation analysis of fig. 3 and fig. 4, it is obvious that the transient performance of the improved Buck converter of the present invention is obviously superior to that of the conventional variable frequency ripple control Buck converter.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (3)

1. A control device capable of improving transient performance of variable frequency ripple control comprises a power circuit and a controller, wherein the power circuit is provided with an input, a switching device, a filtering device and an output, the input is transmitted to the filtering device through the switching device and enters the output after being filtered by the filtering device, and the controller is provided with: voltage detection device and reference voltage with output connection respectively, the electric capacity current sampling device who is connected with filter equipment, the voltage outer loop error amplifier who is connected with voltage detection device and reference voltage respectively, drive circuit and the threshold current of being connected with switching device, characterized by: the output end of the reference voltage and voltage detection device is connected with the input end of a voltage outer ring error amplifier, the output end of the voltage outer ring error amplifier is connected with the input end of the first comparator, the output end of the first comparator is connected with the other input end of the RS trigger, and the output end of the RS trigger is connected with the input end of the driving circuit; the second comparator and the OR gate have the functions of immediately disabling the on/off timer when the load jump occurs in the fixed on time or the fixed off time, making quick response to the load jump, and improving the transient performance of the switching converter.
2. The control device for improving transient performance of variable frequency ripple control of claim 1, wherein: the switch device adopts a switch tube S, the filter device is a low-pass filter composed of an inductor and a capacitor, the output device adopts a power resistor R, and the range of the power resistor R is 0.5-10 omega.
3. The control device for improving transient performance of variable frequency ripple control of claim 1, wherein: the voltage detection device adopts a voltage follower built by an operational amplifier, reference voltage is provided by a voltage stabilizing chip, a voltage outer ring error amplifier adopts a PI compensator built by an operational amplifier, a capacitor and a resistor, a capacitance current sampling device adopts a differential amplification circuit built by the operational amplifier, an on/off timer and an RS trigger form a variable frequency controller, and a driving circuit adopts an integrated driving chip.
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CN112260537B (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-10-01 哈尔滨工程大学 Direct-current Boost power supply adopting double-tube Buck-Boost circuit
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Application publication date: 20200717

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