CN111426611B - Rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor and dispersion effect analysis method thereof - Google Patents
Rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor and dispersion effect analysis method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111426611B CN111426611B CN202010169933.9A CN202010169933A CN111426611B CN 111426611 B CN111426611 B CN 111426611B CN 202010169933 A CN202010169933 A CN 202010169933A CN 111426611 B CN111426611 B CN 111426611B
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor which comprises a turbulence separation area and an abrasive particle detection area, wherein the turbulence separation area is a disc with a cavity, the inner wall of the disc is a cylindrical surface, an extension pipe protruding outwards is arranged on the side wall of the disc, an oil inlet is formed in the extension pipe, the oil inlet is arranged on the disc in a biased mode, an oil outlet is formed in the disc, and the oil outlet is communicated with an inlet of the abrasive particle detection area. The invention can improve the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the wear particle detection sensor and reduce the probability of missing report and false report of the wear particle detection sensor in the wear fault detection process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wear detection equipment, in particular to a rotational flow wear particle detection sensor and a dispersion effect analysis method thereof.
Background
During the working process of mechanical equipment, the abrasion of parts is inevitable. The generation of the abrasion phenomenon not only reduces the working efficiency of the equipment, but also affects the service life of the equipment. Related researches show that mechanical failure caused by component wear is one of important factors influencing the normal operation of mechanical equipment, and a large amount of wear particles are generated when relative motion occurs between different types of friction pairs in the mechanical equipment, and the wear particles further increase the wear degree of the equipment when moving in a mechanical system along with lubricating oil, and finally cause serious mechanical failure. In addition, the wear particles are products of wear phenomena and contain abundant equipment wear state information, so that the online monitoring and evaluation of the wear state of a mechanical system are of great significance in order to prevent serious mechanical failure caused by excessive wear of elements, improve the running reliability and safety of equipment and reduce the maintenance and repair cost.
In the prior art, an electromagnetic wear particle detection sensor is generally used in the process of monitoring the wear state of a mechanical system, and the sensor is widely researched and applied due to the characteristics of simple structural form, good temperature stability, strong background noise resistance, high reliability and the like. The electromagnetic wear particle detection sensor estimates the particle size and the material property of wear particles by detecting the magnetic field disturbance degree caused by the wear particles, because the wear particles move along with lubricating oil and can be subjected to the comprehensive action of fluid force and electromagnetic force when passing through the detection sensor to generate a polymerization effect, the polymerization effect can enable a plurality of wear particles to be aggregated together to form a particle group (a plurality of ferromagnetic wear particle groups, a plurality of non-ferromagnetic wear particle groups and a plurality of mixed material wear particle groups), in the wear particle detection process, if the plurality of wear particles pass through a sensor detection area in the form of the particle group, the magnetic coupling effect can be generated inside the particle group, and the magnetic field disturbance degree inside the detection sensor is changed. Wherein, the abrasion particle groups with the same material property (all ferromagnetism or all non-ferromagnetism) can intensify the magnetic field disturbance in the sensor, so that the sensor outputs a serious and larger abnormal abrasion signal, and the false alarm fault of the abrasion state is caused; the abrasion particle groups with different material properties (the mixture of ferromagnetism and non-ferromagnetism) can weaken the magnetic field disturbance in the sensor, so that the sensor outputs a smaller abnormal abrasion signal, and the failure of the abrasion state is caused.
At present, a large amount of scientific research work is carried out by domestic and foreign research institutions around the dispersion of wear particle clusters. The adopted main method comprises the following steps: high gradient magnetic field separation technology and magnetophoresis technology. However, the external magnetic field added by the sensor and the magnetic field added by the sensor can change the internal magnetic field of the electromagnetic wear particle detection sensor, and further, the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the sensor can be obviously reduced. Because a large number of parts in mechanical equipment are made of iron or steel materials, the number of ferromagnetic wear particles in lubricating oil of a mechanical system is far larger than that of non-ferromagnetic wear particles. Meanwhile, the ferromagnetic wear particles can be quickly magnetized under the action of the magnetic field, so that larger magnetic force can be generated among the wear particles, and the agglomeration effect can be easily generated when the wear particles pass through the sensor along with lubricating oil. And researches show that when ferromagnetic particle groups and non-ferromagnetic particle groups with the same granularity and the same spacing pass through the abrasive particle detection sensor in the same posture, the magnetic coupling effect among the ferromagnetic particles is strongest, the magnetic field detected by the detection coil is greatly enhanced, and the particle detection result error is most obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotational flow wear particle detection sensor and a dispersion effect analysis method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, improving the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the wear particle detection sensor and reducing the probability of missing report and false report of the wear particle detection sensor in the wear fault detection process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor which comprises a turbulence separation area and an abrasive particle detection area, wherein the turbulence separation area is a disc with a cavity, the inner wall of the disc is a cylindrical surface, an extension pipe protruding outwards is arranged on the side wall of the disc, an oil inlet is formed in the extension pipe, the oil inlet is arranged on the disc in a biased mode, an oil outlet is formed in the disc, and the oil outlet is communicated with an inlet of the abrasive particle detection area.
Preferably, the central line of the oil outlet is perpendicular to the central line of the oil inlet, and the oil outlet is arranged on the bottom surface of the disc and coaxial with the disc.
Preferably, a conical cover is fixed on the bottom surface of the disc and communicated with the bottom surface of the disc, the oil outlet is communicated with an inlet of the abrasive particle detection area through the conical cover, a groove is formed in the outer wall of the abrasive particle detection area, and the detection coil is arranged in the groove in a winding mode.
Preferably, another department of disc lateral wall is provided with the connecting pipe of outside salient, the fluid export sets up on the connecting pipe, the cover is equipped with the detection coil on the connecting pipe, the extension pipe with the connecting pipe is parallel.
Preferably, the thicknesses of the extension pipe and the connecting pipe are equal to the thickness of the disc, and the distance between the outer wall of the extension pipe and the outer wall of the connecting pipe and the center of the disc is equal.
The invention also provides a dispersion effect analysis method of the rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor, which applies the rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor and comprises the following analysis steps:
step one, judging the flowing state of the lubricating oil in the turbulence separation area:
introducing lubricating oil into the disc through the oil inlet, calculating the Reynolds number of the lubricating oil by using the following formula,
in the formula, rho is the density of the lubricating oil, ν is the speed of the lubricating oil, d is the diameter of a pipeline of the wear particle detection sensor, and μ is the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil, and the flowing state of the lubricating oil in the turbulence separation zone is judged according to the Reynolds number of the lubricating oil;
secondly, simulating the dispersion effect of the wear particle clusters in the lubricating oil liquid:
the rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor is used for detecting abrasion particles in lubricating oil, the diameter of the abrasion particles generated in the initial abnormal abrasion stage of mechanical equipment is 50-100 micrometers, and the volume fraction of the abrasion particles in the lubricating oil is lower than 10%, so that each abrasion particle is regarded as a discrete phase in the dispersion research process of abrasion particle groups, the stress and motion conditions of the abrasion particles are modeled by adopting an Euler-Lagrangian method, the characteristics of each turbulence model are comprehensively considered, a kappa-epsilon model is selected, the turbulence variable is solved to obtain the velocity pulse caused by turbulence eddy and average eddy life, and the velocity pulse is coupled with the Lagrangian particle model so as to simulate the dispersion effect of the abrasion particle groups in the lubricating oil; wherein, for steady-state incompressible flow, the equation solved when using the kappa-epsilon turbulence model is
Turbulent kinetic energy producing term pkComprises the following steps:
in the formula: rho is the density of the lubricating oil fluid, u is the speed of the lubricating oil fluid, kappa is the turbulent kinetic energy, epsilon is the dissipation coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy,
is the turbulent viscosity coefficient, and F is the external force;
thirdly, simulating the wear particles in the turbulent flow separation zone under the condition of the rotational flow:
when lubricating oil enters a turbulence separation area through an oil inlet and is in a rotational flow motion state, modeling is carried out on the stress condition of the wear particles in the rotational flow motion state, and the collision effect of other solid particles on the wear particle group and the rotation of the wear particle group in fluid are not considered, at the moment, the metal wear particles are subjected to the comprehensive action of gravity, buoyancy, fluid drag force, liquid bridge force and saffman force when moving in a rotational flow wear particle detection sensor, the motion equation of each independent wear particle is described by Newton's second law,
in the formula: m ispTo wear particle mass, qiTo wear the position of the particle i, FMiIs the wear particle iUnder magnetic force, FGiTo wear the particles i under gravity, FμiFor the buoyancy to which the wear particles i are subjected, kappa for the number of particles in the wear particle system, Fcont,iContact force (liquid bridge force) from other particles to which wear particle i is subjected, FDiIs the drag force of the fluid to which the wear particle i is subjected, FSiSaffman force to which wear particle i is subjected;
when the dispersion effect of the wear particle groups is simulated, Maxwell equation sets are coupled to calculate the magnetic induction intensity distribution in a plurality of wear particle groups,
and obtains the electromagnetic force in the abrasion particle group
In the formula of0Is the vacuum magnetic conductivity, and n represents a normal vector;
self-gravity F of abrasion particle groupGAnd buoyancy FuRespectively as follows:
when the viscosity of the fluid is higher or the moving speed of the particles is lower, the rebound force generated by the collision among multiple particles is not enough to completely overcome the liquid bridge force, and at the moment, the moving solid particles can be captured by each other to form particle clusters, and the research shows that the liquid bridge force in the particle clusters is characterized as follows:
FL＝Fcap+Fvis (13)
in the formula:
in order to be a capillary force,
in order to dissipate the force in a viscous manner,
gamma is the surface tension of the liquid,
the drag force experienced by spherical particles in a fluid is characterized by:
in the formula: u is the fluid flow velocity at the location of the abrasive particle, v is the velocity of the abrasive particle movement, τpFor wear particle relaxation time (SI unit: s)
In the formula: rhopTo abrasion particle density, dpFor wear particle diameter, ρ is the lubricating oil fluid density, CDIs the drag coefficient;
drag coefficient CDIs determined by the relative reynolds number Re of the particles in the fluidrWhen the abrasive particles are spherical, the relative reynolds number is characterized as:
relative Reynolds number Re of abraded particlesrWhen the coefficient is far less than 1, the method is suitable for the Stokes drag law, and the drag coefficient and the wear particle relaxation time are respectively characterized as follows:
when the abrasion particles move in the flow field with velocity gradient, the abrasion particles can be subjected to a force along the vertical direction due to the flow velocity difference of the upper part and the lower part of the abrasion particles, when the velocity of the upper part of the abrasion particles is higher than that of the lower part of the abrasion particles, the resultant force of the forces is expressed as an upward lifting force, namely saffman force, as shown in an equation (19)
Cμ,Cε1,Cε2,σε,σkAre all dimensionless constants.
Preferably, in the first step, the temperature of the lubricating oil during normal operation is higher than 90 ℃, the dynamic viscosity μ of the oil at 90 ℃ is 0.025Pa · s during calculation, the rotational flow wear particle detection sensor is installed in the oil return line, the maximum flow velocity of the lubricating oil is 4m/s, and the inner diameter of the disc is 16 mm.
Preferably, the dimensionless constant values in the model equations (2) - (6) are respectively:
Cμ＝0.09,Cε1＝1.44,Cε2＝1.92,σε＝1.3,σk＝1.0 (7)。
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention divides the inner area of the wear particle detection sensor into a turbulence separation area and an abrasive particle detection area, improves the structure of the turbulence separation area, enables the lubricating oil to present a rotational flow motion mode in a flow channel of the wear particle detection sensor, and effectively disperses the gathered wear particle clusters under the action of centrifugal force, speed gradient force and the like so as to ensure that each wear particle independently passes through the abrasive particle detection area of the wear particle detection sensor, thereby obviously improving the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the wear particle detection sensor and reducing the false alarm and false alarm probability of the wear particle detection sensor in the wear fault detection process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view (tubular flow channel) of a swirling wear particle detection sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclonic wear particle detection sensor (tubular flow channel) of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic simulation of the flow state of the lubricant in the swirling wear particle detection sensor (tubular flow channel);
FIG. 4 is a schematic simulation of the movement of a mass of abrasive particles in a cyclonic abrasive particle detection sensor (tubular flow channel);
FIG. 5 is a graph of the electromagnetic force experienced by the outer layer of clusters as they move within the turbulent separation zone as a function of time (tubular flow channels);
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a swirling wear particle detection sensor according to the present invention (sheet-like flow channel);
FIG. 7 is a schematic simulation diagram (lamellar flow channel) of the flow state of the lubricant in the rotational flow wear particle detection sensor;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the electromagnetic force experienced by the outer layer of clusters as they move within the turbulent separation zone as a function of time (lamellar flow channels);
wherein: 1-turbulent flow separation zone, 2-abrasive particle detection zone.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-8: this embodiment provides a whirl wearing particles detects sensor, including turbulence separation zone 1 and grit detection zone 2, turbulence separation zone 1 is a disc that has the cavity, the inner wall of disc is the face of cylinder, the lateral wall department of disc is provided with the outside outstanding extension pipe, the fluid entry has been seted up on the extension pipe, fluid entry biasing sets up on the disc, be provided with the fluid export on the disc, fluid export and grit detection zone 2's import intercommunication, whirl wearing particles detects sensor mainly divide into tubulose runner and slice runner, this embodiment all sets up turbulence separation zone 1 of two kinds of whirl wearing particles detection sensor to a disc, and fluid entry biasing sets up on the disc. The inner area of the wear particle detection sensor is divided into a turbulence separation area 1 and an abrasive particle detection area 2, the structure of the turbulence separation area 1 is improved, so that lubricating oil enters from a biased oil inlet and realizes rotational flow motion in a disc, meanwhile, as shown in figures 3 and 7, an obvious high-speed flow area and a low-speed flow area are presented in the turbulence separation area 1, the speed gradient between different flow speed areas is beneficial to realizing the dispersion of wear particle clusters in the lubricating oil, the agglomerated wear particle clusters are effectively dispersed under the action of centrifugal force and speed gradient force in the rotational flow, so that each wear particle is ensured to independently pass through the abrasive particle detection area 2 of the wear particle detection sensor, the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the wear particle detection sensor are obviously improved, and the false alarm probability and false alarm probability of the wear particle detection sensor in the wear fault detection process are reduced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the eddy current wear particle detecting sensor has a tubular flow passage, a center line of the oil outlet is perpendicular to a center line of the oil inlet, and the oil outlet is disposed on a bottom surface of the disc and is coaxial with the disc. Fixed and the intercommunication has the taper cover on the bottom surface of disc, and the fluid export is through the import intercommunication of taper cover and grit detection zone 2, offers flutedly on the outer wall of grit detection zone 2, is used for around establishing detection coil in the recess to provide the mounted position for monitoring coil. The distance between the outer wall of the extension pipe and the center of the disc is equal to the outer diameter of the disc, so that the lubricating oil can achieve a good rotational flow effect, and a relatively obvious speed gradient is achieved.
Or, as shown in fig. 6, the rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor has a sheet-shaped flow passage, a connecting pipe protruding outwards is arranged at the other position of the side wall of the disc, the oil outlet is arranged on the connecting pipe, the detecting coil is sleeved on the connecting pipe, and the extending pipe is parallel to the connecting pipe. The thickness of extension pipe and connecting pipe all equals with the thickness of disc, and the outer wall of extension pipe and the outer wall of connecting pipe equal with the interval at disc center, and equals the external diameter of disc to make lubricating oil can reach better whirl effect, in order to reach more obvious speed gradient.
In addition, the structure of the abrasive particle detection area 2 adopts a parallel three-coil type wear particle sensor, and the specific structure thereof is disclosed in the patent with the publication number CN107340544A, and is not described in detail herein.
The embodiment also provides a dispersion effect analysis method of the rotational flow wear particle detection sensor, which applies the rotational flow wear particle detection sensor and comprises the following analysis steps:
step one, judging the flowing state of the lubricating oil in the turbulent flow separation zone 1:
introducing lubricating oil into the disc through the oil inlet, calculating the Reynolds number of the lubricating oil by using the following formula,
in the formula, rho is the density of the lubricating oil, ν is the speed of the lubricating oil, d is the diameter of a pipeline of a wear particle detection sensor, and μ is the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil, and the flowing state of the lubricating oil in the turbulence separation zone 1 is judged according to the Reynolds number of the lubricating oil; preferably, in the first step, the temperature of the lubricating oil is higher than 90 ℃ in normal operation, the dynamic viscosity μ of the oil at 90 ℃ is 0.025Pa · s in the calculation process, in addition, the rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor is installed in an oil return pipeline, the maximum flow velocity of the lubricating oil is 4m/s, the inner diameter of a disc is 16mm, the specific lubricating oil adopts transmission lubricating oil (RP-4652D) special for armored vehicles, so that the Reynolds number can be calculated to be 2240, and the lubricating oil in the turbulence separation zone 1 is in a turbulence state; specifically, as shown in the simulation diagrams of fig. 3 and 7, it can be visually observed that a distinct high-speed flow region and a distinct low-speed flow region are present in the turbulent flow separation region 1, and the velocity gradients between the different flow velocity regions are helpful for realizing the dispersion of the wear particle groups in the lubricating oil, so that the agglomerated wear particle groups are effectively dispersed under the action of centrifugal force and velocity gradient force in the rotational flow;
secondly, simulating the dispersion effect of the wear particle clusters in the lubricating oil liquid:
the rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor in the embodiment is mainly used for detecting abrasion particles in lubricating oil, the diameter of the abrasion particles generated in the initial abnormal abrasion stage of mechanical equipment is 50-100 micrometers, and the volume fraction of the abrasion particles in the lubricating oil is lower than 10%, so that each abrasion particle is regarded as a discrete phase in the dispersion research process of abrasion particle groups, the stress and motion conditions of the abrasion particles are modeled by adopting an Euler-Lagrangian method, the characteristics of each turbulence model are comprehensively considered, a kappa-epsilon model is selected, the turbulence vortex and the speed pulse caused by the average vortex life are obtained by solving turbulence variables, and the speed pulse is coupled with the Lagrangian particle model so as to simulate the dispersion effect of the abrasion particle groups in the lubricating oil; wherein, for steady-state incompressible flow, the equation solved when using the kappa-epsilon turbulence model is
Turbulent kinetic energy producing term pkComprises the following steps:
in the formula: rho is the density of the lubricating oil fluid, u is the speed of the lubricating oil fluid, kappa is the turbulent kinetic energy, epsilon is the dissipation coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy,
is the turbulent viscosity coefficient, and F is the external force;
preferably, the dimensionless constant values in the model equations (2) - (6) are respectively:
Cμ＝0.09,Cε1＝1.44,Cε2＝1.92,σε＝1.3,σk＝1.0 (7)。
thirdly, simulating the abrasion particles in the turbulent flow separation zone 1 under the condition of the rotational flow:
when lubricating oil enters the turbulence separation zone 1 through the oil inlet and is in a rotational flow motion state, modeling is carried out on the stress condition of the wear particles in the rotational flow motion state, and the collision effect of other solid particles on the wear particle groups and the rotation of the wear particle groups in fluid are not considered, at the moment, the metal wear particles are subjected to the comprehensive action of gravity, buoyancy, fluid drag force, liquid bridge force and saffman force when moving in the rotational flow wear particle detection sensor, the motion equation of each independent wear particle is described by Newton's second law,
in the formula: m ispTo wear particle mass, qiTo wear the position of the particle i, FMiThe magnetic force to which the wear particles i are subjected, FGiTo wear the particles i under gravity, FμiFor the buoyancy to which the wear particles i are subjected, kappa for the number of particles in the wear particle system, Fcont,iContact force (liquid bridge force) from other particles to which wear particle i is subjected, FDiIs the drag force of the fluid to which the wear particle i is subjected, FSiSaffman force to which wear particle i is subjected;
when the dispersion effect of the wear particle groups is simulated, Maxwell equation sets are coupled to calculate the magnetic induction intensity distribution in a plurality of wear particle groups,
and obtains the electromagnetic force in the abrasion particle group
Self-gravity F of abrasion particle groupGAnd buoyancy FuRespectively as follows:
when the viscosity of the fluid is higher or the moving speed of the particles is lower, the rebound force generated by the collision among multiple particles is not enough to completely overcome the liquid bridge force, and at the moment, the moving solid particles can be captured by each other to form particle clusters, and the research shows that the liquid bridge force in the particle clusters is characterized as follows:
FL＝Fcap+Fvis (13)
in the formula:
in order to be a capillary force,
in order to dissipate the force in a viscous manner,
gamma is the surface tension of the liquid,
the drag force experienced by spherical particles in a fluid is characterized by:
in the formula: u is the fluid flow velocity at the location of the abrasive particle, v is the velocity of the abrasive particle movement, τpFor wear particle relaxation time (SI unit: s)
In the formula: rhopTo abrasion particle density, dpFor wear particle diameter, ρ is the lubricating oil fluid density, CDIs the drag coefficient;
drag coefficient CDIs determined by the relative reynolds number Re of the particles in the fluidrWhen the abrasive particles are spherical, the relative reynolds number is characterized as:
relative Reynolds number Re of abraded particlesrWhen the coefficient is far less than 1, the method is suitable for the Stokes drag law, and the drag coefficient and the wear particle relaxation time are respectively characterized as follows:
when the abrasion particles move in the flow field with velocity gradient, the abrasion particles can be subjected to a force along the vertical direction due to the flow velocity difference of the upper part and the lower part of the abrasion particles, when the velocity of the upper part of the abrasion particles is higher than that of the lower part of the abrasion particles, the resultant force of the forces is expressed as an upward lifting force, namely saffman force, as shown in an equation (19)
Therefore, the model is used for analyzing the wear particle dispersion effect, and as the wear particle groups pass through the wear particle detection sensor along with the lubricating oil, electromagnetic force is generated among the wear particles, so that the dispersion effect of the wear particle groups is represented by the electromagnetic force exerted on the outer wear particles. As shown in fig. 5, the electromagnetic force on the outer wear particles decayed rapidly and almost to 0 at 0.006s as the wear particles moved within turbulent separation zone 1, indicating that the abrasive particle mass was effectively dispersed. As shown in fig. 8 again, when the wear particle cluster moves in the wear particle detection sensor of the plate-like flow channel, the electromagnetic force applied to the outer layer particles is rapidly attenuated and almost attenuated to 0 at 0.01s, which indicates that the wear particle cluster is effectively dispersed.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor is characterized in that: the turbulence separation area is a disc with a cavity, the inner wall of the disc is a cylindrical surface, an extension pipe protruding outwards is arranged on the side wall of the disc, an oil inlet is formed in the extension pipe and arranged on the disc in a biased mode, an oil outlet is formed in the disc and communicated with an inlet of the abrasive particle detection area, lubricating oil enters the disc from the biased oil inlet and performs rotational flow motion in the disc, a high-speed flow area and a low-speed flow area are formed in the turbulence separation area to achieve dispersion of abrasion particle clusters in the lubricating oil, and therefore the agglomerated abrasion particle clusters are dispersed under the action of centrifugal force and speed gradient force in the rotational flow, and the abrasion particles are guaranteed to independently pass through the abrasive particle detection area.
2. The rotational flow wear particle detection sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the central line of fluid export with the central line mutually perpendicular of fluid entry, the fluid export sets up on the bottom surface of disc and with the disc coaxial line.
3. The rotational flow wear particle detection sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the disc the bottom surface on fixed and intercommunication have a taper cover, the fluid export pass through the taper cover with the import of grit detection zone communicates, seted up the recess on the outer wall of grit detection zone, be used for around establishing the detection coil in the recess.
4. The rotational flow wear particle detection sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: another department of disc lateral wall is provided with the connecting pipe of outside salient, the fluid export sets up on the connecting pipe, the cover is equipped with detection coil on the connecting pipe, the extension pipe with the connecting pipe is parallel.
5. The rotational flow wear particle detection sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: the thickness of the extension pipe and the thickness of the connecting pipe are equal to the thickness of the disc, and the distance between the outer wall of the extension pipe and the outer wall of the connecting pipe and the center of the disc is equal.
6. A dispersion effect analysis method of a rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of a whirling wear particle detection sensor according to any of claims 1-5, and comprising the following analysis steps:
step one, judging the flowing state of the lubricating oil in the turbulence separation area:
introducing lubricating oil into the disc through the oil inlet, calculating the Reynolds number of the lubricating oil by using the following formula,
in the formula, rho is the density of the lubricating oil, ν is the speed of the lubricating oil, d is the diameter of a pipeline of the wear particle detection sensor, and μ is the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil, and the flowing state of the lubricating oil in the turbulence separation zone is judged according to the Reynolds number of the lubricating oil;
secondly, simulating the dispersion effect of the wear particle clusters in the lubricating oil liquid:
the rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor is used for detecting abrasion particles in lubricating oil, the diameter of the abrasion particles generated in the initial abnormal abrasion stage of mechanical equipment is 50-100 micrometers, and the volume fraction of the abrasion particles in the lubricating oil is lower than 10%, so that each abrasion particle is regarded as a discrete phase in the dispersion research process of abrasion particle groups, the stress and motion conditions of the abrasion particles are modeled by adopting an Euler-Lagrangian method, the characteristics of each turbulence model are comprehensively considered, a kappa-epsilon model is selected, the turbulence variable is solved to obtain the velocity pulse caused by turbulence eddy and average eddy life, and the velocity pulse is coupled with the Lagrangian particle model so as to simulate the dispersion effect of the abrasion particle groups in the lubricating oil; wherein, for steady-state incompressible flow, the equation solved when using the kappa-epsilon turbulence model is
Turbulent kinetic energy producing term pkComprises the following steps:
in the formula: rho is the density of the lubricating oil fluid, u is the speed of the lubricating oil fluid, kappa is the turbulent kinetic energy, epsilon is the dissipation coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy,
is the turbulent viscosity coefficient, and F is the external force;
thirdly, simulating the wear particles in the turbulent flow separation zone under the condition of the rotational flow:
when lubricating oil enters a turbulence separation area through an oil inlet and is in a rotational flow motion state, modeling is carried out on the stress condition of the wear particles in the rotational flow motion state, and the collision effect of other solid particles on the wear particle group and the rotation of the wear particle group in fluid are not considered, at the moment, the metal wear particles are subjected to the comprehensive action of gravity, buoyancy, fluid drag force, liquid bridge force and saffman force when moving in a rotational flow wear particle detection sensor, the motion equation of each independent wear particle is described by Newton's second law,
in the formula: m ispTo wear particle mass, qiTo wear the position of the particle i, FMiThe magnetic force to which the wear particles i are subjected, FGiTo wear the particles i under gravity, FμiFor the buoyancy to which the wear particles i are subjected, kappa for the number of particles in the wear particle system, Fcont,iTo wear the liquid bridge force to which the particle i is subjected from other particles, FDiIs the drag force of the fluid to which the wear particle i is subjected, FSiSaffman force to which wear particle i is subjected;
when the dispersion effect of the wear particle groups is simulated, Maxwell equation sets are coupled to calculate the magnetic induction intensity distribution in a plurality of wear particle groups,
and obtains the electromagnetic force in the abrasion particle group
In the formula of0Is the vacuum magnetic conductivity, and n represents a normal vector;
self-gravity F of abrasion particle groupGAnd buoyancy FuRespectively as follows:
when the viscosity of the fluid is higher or the moving speed of the particles is lower, the rebound force generated by the collision among multiple particles is not enough to completely overcome the liquid bridge force, and at the moment, the moving solid particles can be captured by each other to form particle clusters, and the research shows that the liquid bridge force in the particle clusters is characterized as follows:
FL＝Fcap+Fvis (13)
in the formula:
in order to be a capillary force,
in order to dissipate the force in a viscous manner,
gamma is the surface tension of the liquid,
the drag force experienced by spherical particles in a fluid is characterized by:
in the formula: u is the fluid flow velocity at the location of the abrasive particle, v is the velocity of the abrasive particle movement, τpFor wear particle relaxation time, SI unit: s
In the formula: rhopTo abrasion particle density, dpFor wear particle diameter, ρ is the lubricating oil fluid density, CDIs the drag coefficient;
drag coefficient CDIs determined by the relative reynolds number Re of the particles in the fluidrWhen the abrasive particles are spherical, the relative reynolds number is characterized as:
relative Reynolds number Re of abraded particlesrWhen the coefficient is far less than 1, the method is suitable for the Stokes drag law, and the drag coefficient and the wear particle relaxation time are respectively characterized as follows:
when the abrasion particles move in the flow field with velocity gradient, the abrasion particles can be subjected to a force along the vertical direction due to the flow velocity difference of the upper part and the lower part of the abrasion particles, when the velocity of the upper part of the abrasion particles is higher than that of the lower part of the abrasion particles, the resultant force of the forces is expressed as an upward lifting force, namely saffman force, as shown in an equation (19)
Cμ,Cε1,Cε2,σε,σkAre all dimensionless constants.
7. The dispersion effect analysis method of a whirling wear particle detection sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the first step, the temperature of the lubricating oil is higher than 90 ℃ in normal work, the dynamic viscosity mu of the oil at 90 ℃ is 0.025 Pa.s in the calculation process, in addition, the rotational flow abrasion particle detection sensor is arranged in an oil return pipeline, the maximum flow velocity of the lubricating oil is 4m/s, and the inner diameter of a disc is 16 mm.
8. The dispersion effect analysis method of a whirling wear particle detection sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: the dimensionless constant values in the model equations (2) - (6) are respectively:
Cμ＝0.09,Cε1＝1.44,Cε2＝1.92,σε＝1.3,σk＝1.0 (7)。
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