CN111426278A - Dynamic measurement method for blade tip clearance of mine ventilator - Google Patents
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic measurement method for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator, belonging to the technical field of coal mine safety monitoring and control, comprising the following steps: constructing a dynamic measurement and analysis system for blade tip clearance of the mine ventilator; selecting a 3 o' clock azimuth gap as a measuring object, adjusting a triangulation bracket, and determining the optimal position of the 2D laser profile sensor in the direction X, Z; adjusting and determining the position of the triangulation bracket in the Y direction; optimizing the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor, and calculating a gap measurement result; the measurement precision of the blade tip clearance is improved, and the requirement of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance is met; according to the geometrical characteristics of the blade tip clearance, a blade tip clearance identification algorithm is adopted to complete dynamic extraction and evaluation of the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator, the problem of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator in the running state is well solved, and an effective technical solution is provided for real-time online monitoring of the blade tip clearance in a coal mine field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety monitoring and control, in particular to a dynamic measurement method for blade tip clearance of a mine ventilator.
Background
The blade tip clearance refers to the minimum radial distance between a fan rotor blade and a casing (see fig. 1), and is an important technical parameter related to the performance and the safety of the fan, and the operation efficiency, the safety and the stability of the fan are seriously influenced by the overlarge or undersize blade tip clearance. Blade tip clearance detection is an important requirement for optimizing the performance of the ventilator and ensuring safe and stable operation of the ventilator. In the national safety production industry standard, the importance and the technical specification of the blade tip clearance detection of the mining ventilator are clearly explained.
At present, the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator is mainly detected by a static measurement method, namely, the blade tip clearance is detected and evaluated by a feeler gauge or an instrument in a static state of the ventilator. The static measurement method has the defects of poor real-time performance, one-sided evaluation result, low intelligent level and the like, is only suitable for offline spot inspection of the blade tip gap, and cannot meet the technical requirements of real-time online monitoring and safety early warning of the blade tip gap of the mine ventilator. The online dynamic detection of the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator is always an important requirement for coal mine safety monitoring and is also a difficult problem. The online dynamic detection is to detect and analyze the change rule of the blade tip clearance in real time under the running state of the ventilator, find abnormality in time and take measures to prevent accidents. The dynamic measurement method has obvious advantages in the aspects of real-time performance, scientificity, intellectualization and the like. Based on the above, the invention designs a dynamic measurement method for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator, so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic measurement method for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a dynamic measurement method for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing a dynamic measurement and analysis system for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator, wherein the dynamic measurement and analysis system comprises a triangulation bracket, a four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjustment mechanism, a 2D laser profile sensor and a measurement and control computer;
s2: selecting a 3 o' clock azimuth gap as a measuring object, adjusting a triangulation bracket, and determining the optimal position of the 2D laser profile sensor in the direction X, Z;
s3: adjusting and determining the position of the triangulation bracket in the Y direction;
s4: optimizing the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor, and calculating a gap measurement result;
s5: the measurement precision of the blade tip clearance is improved, and the requirement of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance is met;
s6: and according to the geometrical characteristics of the blade tip clearance, a blade tip clearance recognition algorithm is adopted to complete dynamic extraction and evaluation of the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator.
Furthermore, the 2D laser profile sensor is in signal connection with the measurement and control computer, the four-degree-of-freedom posture adjusting mechanism is detachably fixed at the top of the triangulation support, and the 2D laser profile sensor is detachably fixed on the four-degree-of-freedom posture adjusting mechanism.
Furthermore, the triangulation bracket is used for adjusting the position relation between a measurement and analysis system and a measured gap and establishing a measurement coordinate system, the four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjusting mechanism is used for optimizing the measurement attitude of the sensor, the gap measurement result is optimized through flexible adjustment of four degrees of freedom including height, front and back, pitching and deflection, the 2D laser profile sensor is used for high-precision dynamic acquisition of blade tip gap geometric information, the sensor adopts linear laser to project on the surface of a measured object and outputs position data of two axes in the width direction and the distance direction of a light curtain, the two-dimensional coordinate information of the measured object can be acquired through one-time sampling, and special measurement and analysis software is loaded on the measurement and control computer to complete the control, data transmission and result processing and analysis of the measurement process.
Further, in the step S3, the position of the triangulation bracket in the Y direction is adjusted by using the technical parameters of the 2D laser profile sensor, and the distance between the measured gap and the 2D laser profile sensor is made equal to the working distance of the 2D laser profile sensor by optimizing the measurement position of the 2D laser profile sensor, so as to determine the optimal position of the 2D laser profile sensor in the Y direction.
Further, in the step S4, the gap image quality is improved by using pitch or yaw adjustment of the 2D laser profile sensor, so as to improve the accuracy of the gap measurement, and after the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor is optimized, the gap measurement result can be calculated according to the formula (1), wherein,mis a clearance measurement result'mFor the attitude-optimized clearance measurement, k is the calibration coefficient, and the formula is:
m＝k*’m(1)
further, in the step S5, the measurement accuracy of the blade tip clearance is improved by optimizing the photographing range, the sampling frequency, the light receiving amount, the photographing mode and the contour extraction algorithm of the 2D laser contour sensor, and the requirement of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance is met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the 2D laser profile sensor is adopted to dynamically acquire the geometric information of the blade tip gap, the method has the characteristics of non-contact, high precision, high dynamic response, strong anti-jamming capability and high intelligent level, and then the blade tip gap measurement result is analyzed in real time through the technologies of projection transformation, profile extraction and data processing, so that the problem of dynamic measurement of the blade tip gap in the running state of the mine ventilator is well solved, and an effective technical solution is provided for real-time online monitoring of the blade tip gap in a coal mine site.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a prior art tip clearance definition diagram;
FIG. 2 is a dynamic measurement and analysis system for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement angle and position of the 2D laser profile sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the gap selection and sensor position optimization at X, Z in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the sensor of the present invention optimized for position in the Y direction;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a tip clearance identification algorithm of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a dynamic gap raw measurement image of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the dynamic measurement of tip clearance according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
the device comprises a triangulation support 1, a four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjusting mechanism 2 and a 2D laser profile sensor 3.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: a dynamic measurement method for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing a dynamic measurement and analysis system for blade tip clearance of a mine ventilator, wherein the dynamic measurement and analysis system comprises a triangulation bracket 1, a four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjusting mechanism 2, a 2D laser profile sensor 3 and a measurement and control computer;
s2: selecting a 3 o' clock azimuth gap as a measurement object, adjusting the triangulation bracket 1, determining the optimal position of the 2D laser profile sensor 3 in the direction X, Z, simplifying a measurement model and optimizing a measurement light path;
s3: adjusting and determining the position of the triangulation bracket in the Y direction;
s4: optimizing the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, and calculating a gap measurement result;
s5: the measurement precision of the blade tip clearance is improved, and the requirement of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance is met;
s6: and according to the geometrical characteristics of the blade tip clearance, a blade tip clearance recognition algorithm is adopted to complete dynamic extraction and evaluation of the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator.
Wherein, the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is connected with a measurement and control computer by signals, the four-freedom posture adjusting mechanism 2 is detachably fixed at the top of the triangulation bracket 1, the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is detachably fixed on the four-freedom posture adjusting mechanism 2,
the triangulation bracket 1 is used for adjusting the position relation between a measurement and analysis system and a measured gap and establishing a measurement coordinate system, the four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjusting mechanism 2 is used for optimizing the measurement attitude of the sensor, the gap measurement result is optimized through the flexible adjustment of four degrees of freedom including height, front and back, pitching and yawing, the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is used for dynamically acquiring the geometric information of the blade tip gap with high precision, the sensor adopts line laser to project on the surface of a measured object and outputs the position data of two axes in the width direction and the distance direction of a light curtain, the two-dimensional coordinate information of the measured object can be acquired through one-time sampling, the sensor has the technical characteristics of non-contact, high precision and high dynamic response, the technical problem of dynamic measurement of the blade tip gap is well solved, special measurement and analysis software is loaded on a measurement and control computer, and the control, data transmission and result processing and analysis of,
in step S3, the position of the triangulation bracket 1 in the Y direction is adjusted by using the technical parameters of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, the distance between the measured gap and the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is made equal to the working distance of the 2D laser profile sensor 3 by optimizing the measurement position of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, so as to determine the optimal position of the 2D laser profile sensor 3 in the Y direction,
in step S4, the gap image quality is improved by adjusting the pitch or yaw of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, so as to improve the accuracy of the gap measurement, and after the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is optimized, the gap measurement result can be calculated according to the formula (1), wherein,mis a clearance measurement result'mFor the attitude-optimized clearance measurement, k is the calibration coefficient, and the formula is:
m＝k*’m(1)
in the step S5, the measurement accuracy of the blade tip clearance is improved by optimizing the photographing range, the sampling frequency, the light receiving amount, the photographing mode and the contour extraction algorithm of the 2D laser contour sensor 3, and the requirement of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance is met.
One specific application of this embodiment is:
referring to fig. 2, a blade tip clearance dynamic measurement system based on a 2D laser profile sensor 3 is adopted to realize dynamic measurement and evaluation of blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator in a running state, and the system is composed of a triangulation bracket 1, a four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjustment mechanism 2, the 2D laser profile sensor 3 and a measurement and control computer.
Referring to fig. 2, the triangulation bracket 1 is responsible for adjusting the position relationship between the measurement system and the measured gap, and is used for establishing a measurement coordinate system.
Referring to fig. 2, the four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjusting mechanism 2 is responsible for optimizing the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, and optimizes the gap measurement result by flexibly adjusting four degrees of freedom, namely height, front and back, pitching and yawing.
Referring to fig. 3, the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is used to realize high-precision dynamic acquisition of blade tip clearance geometric information.
Referring to fig. 4, the 3 o' clock direction of the annular gap is selected as a measurement object, and the triangulation support 1 is adjusted according to the selected gap until the 2D laser profile sensor 3 acquires a clear and complete blade tip gap image, thereby determining the optimal position of the sensor in the direction X, Z.
Referring to fig. 5, according to the technical parameters of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, the position of the triangulation bracket 1 in the Y direction is adjusted, and the measuring position of the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is optimized so that the distance between the measured gap and the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is equal to the working distance of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, thereby determining the optimal position of the 2D laser profile sensor 3 in the Y direction.
Referring to fig. 2, the gap image quality is improved by the pitch or yaw adjustment of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, thereby improving the accuracy of the gap measurement; after the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is optimized, the dynamic gap raw measurement image is as shown in fig. 7, and the gap measurement result is calculated according to the formula (1).
And then, the measurement precision of the blade tip clearance is improved by optimizing the shooting range, the sampling frequency, the light receiving quantity, the shooting mode and the contour extraction algorithm of the sensor, and the requirement of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance is met.
And finally, according to the geometric characteristics of the blade tip clearance, completing dynamic extraction and evaluation of the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator by adopting a blade tip clearance identification algorithm shown in fig. 6, wherein the dynamic measurement result of the blade tip clearance is shown in fig. 8.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 2, when the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator is dynamically measured by using the method, firstly, a measuring system is installed in front of an operating ventilator; further, referring to fig. 4, selecting a gap at a 3O' clock position as a measurement object, and adjusting the position of the triangulation bracket 1 in the X, Z direction until the 2D laser profile sensor 3 acquires a clear blade tip gap image, thereby completing the establishment of a measurement coordinate system O-XYZ; further, referring to fig. 5, according to the technical parameters of the 2D laser profile sensor 3, the position of the triangulation bracket 1 in the Y direction is adjusted so that the distance between the measured gap and the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is equal to the sensor working distance; further, the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor 3 is adjusted, and the sensor setting is optimized until a stable, clear and ideal gap measurement profile is acquired on measurement software loaded by a measurement and control computer; finally, referring to fig. 6, clearance contour coordinate data are collected, and data processing, feature extraction, clearance calculation and evaluation are performed.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A dynamic measurement method for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: constructing a dynamic measurement and analysis system for blade tip clearance of a mining ventilator, wherein the dynamic measurement and analysis system comprises a triangulation bracket (1), a four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjusting mechanism (2), a 2D laser profile sensor (3) and a measurement and control computer;
s2: selecting a 3 o' clock azimuth gap as a measuring object, adjusting a triangulation bracket (1), and determining the optimal position of a 2D laser profile sensor (3) in the direction X, Z;
s3: adjusting and determining the position of the triangulation bracket in the Y direction;
s4: optimizing the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor (3), and calculating a gap measurement result;
s5: the measurement precision of the blade tip clearance is improved, and the requirement of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance is met;
s6: and according to the geometrical characteristics of the blade tip clearance, a blade tip clearance recognition algorithm is adopted to complete dynamic extraction and evaluation of the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator.
2. The dynamic measurement method for the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the 2D laser profile sensor (3) is in signal connection with the measurement and control computer, the four-degree-of-freedom posture adjusting mechanism (2) can be detachably fixed at the top of the triangulation bracket (1), and the 2D laser profile sensor (3) can be detachably fixed on the four-degree-of-freedom posture adjusting mechanism (2).
3. The dynamic measurement method for the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the device comprises a triangulation support (1), a four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjusting mechanism (2), a 2D laser profile sensor (3), a measurement computer and a measurement computer, wherein the triangulation support (1) is used for adjusting the position relation between a measurement analysis system and a measured gap and establishing a measurement coordinate system, the four-degree-of-freedom attitude adjusting mechanism (2) is used for optimizing the measurement attitude of the sensor, the gap measurement result is optimized by flexibly adjusting four degrees of freedom including height, front and back, pitching and deflection, the 2D laser profile sensor is used for dynamically collecting the geometrical information of a blade tip gap at high precision, the sensor adopts linear laser to project on the surface of a measured object and outputs the position data of two axes in the width direction and the distance direction of a light curtain, the two-dimensional coordinate information of the measured object can be acquired by one-time sampling, and.
4. The dynamic measurement method for the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step S3, the position of the triangulation bracket (1) in the Y direction is adjusted by using the technical parameters of the 2D laser profile sensor (3), and the distance between the measured gap and the 2D laser profile sensor (3) is made equal to the working distance of the 2D laser profile sensor (3) by optimizing the measurement position of the 2D laser profile sensor (3), so as to determine the optimal position of the 2D laser profile sensor (3) in the Y direction.
5. The dynamic measurement method for the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step S4, the gap image quality is improved by using the pitch or yaw adjustment of the 2D laser profile sensor (3), so as to improve the accuracy of the gap measurement, and after the measurement attitude of the 2D laser profile sensor (3) is optimized, the gap measurement result can be calculated according to the formula (1), wherein,mis a clearance measurement result'mFor the attitude-optimized clearance measurement, k is the calibration coefficient, and the formula is:
m＝k*’m(1)
6. the dynamic measurement method for the blade tip clearance of the mining ventilator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step S5, the measurement accuracy of the blade tip clearance is improved by optimizing the photographing range, the sampling frequency, the light receiving amount, the photographing mode and the contour extraction algorithm of the 2D laser contour sensor (3), and the requirement of dynamic measurement of the blade tip clearance is met.
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Application publication date: 20200717 |
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