CN108871268B - Tunnel under-excavation numerical calculation method based on laser point cloud - Google Patents
Tunnel under-excavation numerical calculation method based on laser point cloud Download PDFInfo
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- CN108871268B CN108871268B CN201810768199.0A CN201810768199A CN108871268B CN 108871268 B CN108871268 B CN 108871268B CN 201810768199 A CN201810768199 A CN 201810768199A CN 108871268 B CN108871268 B CN 108871268B
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Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel under-excavation numerical calculation method based on laser point cloud, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a design drawing of the profile of the section of the tunnel, and establishing a plane coordinate system; calculating the circle center coordinate, the radius and the initial coordinate azimuth angle of each arc segment; acquiring laser point cloud data of a tunnel section outline, and converting the laser point cloud data into a plane coordinate system; and calculating the coordinate azimuth angle of each laser point cloud data, obtaining the arc segment where the laser point cloud data is located, and calculating the overbreak numerical value of the laser point cloud data through a unique expression. The method is simple in calculation process and can quickly obtain results; the position of the laser cloud data and the accurate super-undermining numerical value can be accurately obtained, and effective guarantee is provided for tunnel construction quality.
Description
Background
In the tunnel construction and operation stages, the tunnel deformation monitoring plays an important role. On one hand, the tunnel deformation monitoring is an important component of tunnel information construction, and is an important means for feeding back dynamic change trends of surrounding rocks and structures, optimizing supporting parameters and ensuring construction safety. On the other hand, tunnel deformation monitoring is also an important component of tunnel health monitoring, and has an important role in evaluating the safety condition of a tunnel structure in real time, implementing safety early warning in time and prolonging the service life of the tunnel to the maximum extent. The tunnel over-under-excavation control is an important content for monitoring and measuring tunnel construction, if the over-excavation is seriously increased, the stability of a tunnel face can be reduced, the tunnel instability is easily caused, and the tunnel lining thickness cannot meet the design requirement due to the under-excavation, so that the potential safety hazard of quality is remained. Therefore, the control of the tunnel excavation condition is also an important measure for guaranteeing the safety of tunnel construction and ensuring the quality of tunnel construction.
In the traditional tunnel section overbreak and underbreak measurement, measuring instruments such as a total station instrument, a section instrument and the like are mainly used for measuring point by point and section by section. This measurement method has the following disadvantages: 1) the operation is complicated, time and labor are consumed, and the influence of human factors on the measurement precision is large; 2) the environment is complex, the adverse factors are numerous, and the measurement reliability and sensitivity are not high; 3) the measuring points are limited, and the deformation state of the whole section is difficult to accurately reflect.
Li haibo et al published a article of tunnel excavation lining quality detection technology based on three-dimensional laser scanning and its engineering application, which calculates the amount of the over-under excavation square, specifically, first, the measured data and the design data are all established into a three-dimensional model, then, the two models are logically operated to obtain a three-dimensional model of the over-under excavation part, thereby obtaining the amount of the over-under excavation square, and the method cannot obtain a specific numerical value of each point.
The 'research on calculating the overbreak and underbreak by using a CAD secondary development program' is published by Fangcheng et al, the overbreak and underbreak area is calculated by the document, the vertex coordinates of a triangle are obtained by a geometric method, and then the overbreak and underbreak area is obtained, so that the overbreak and underbreak condition of a specific point cannot be obtained.
Therefore, the method for calculating the out-of-round undermining numerical value simply, efficiently and accurately is urgently needed and has great significance.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering safety monitoring, in particular to a tunnel under-excavation numerical calculation method based on laser point cloud.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for simply, efficiently and accurately calculating an overbreak numerical value, which comprises the following steps:
a tunnel under-excavation numerical calculation method based on laser point cloud comprises the following steps:
acquiring a design drawing of the profile of the section of the tunnel, and establishing a plane coordinate system; calculating the circle center coordinate, the radius and the initial coordinate azimuth angle of each arc segment;
acquiring laser point cloud data of a tunnel section outline, and converting the laser point cloud data into a plane coordinate system; calculating a coordinate azimuth angle of each laser point cloud data, obtaining an ith arc segment where the kth laser point cloud data is located, and calculating an overbreak numerical value of the kth laser point cloud data through an expression 1):
wherein: dkIs the underrun value, x, of the kth laser point cloud dataiIs the abscissa, y, of the center of the ith arc segment of the kth laser point cloud dataiIs the vertical coordinate, x, of the circle center of the ith arc segment where the kth laser point cloud data is locatedkIs the abscissa, y, of the kth laser point cloud datakAs ordinate, R, of kth laser point cloud dataiThe radius of the ith arc segment where the kth laser point cloud data is located.
Preferably in the above technical solution, the planar coordinate system specifically includes: a circle where a tunnel vault is located is taken as a main circle, an X axis is a horizontal straight line which passes through the center of the main circle and is parallel to an arch raising line, and a Y axis is a straight line which is superposed with the center line of the tunnel.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the value range of the coordinate azimuth is [ -pi, pi ], and the coordinate azimuth is calculated by expression 2):
wherein: alpha is alphakCoordinate azimuth, x, for kth laser point cloud datakAs abscissa, y, of the kth laser point cloud datakIs the ordinate of the kth laser point cloud data.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the laser point cloud data of the tunnel cross-section profile is obtained by at least one of vehicle-mounted laser, airborne laser and ground laser scanning.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the effects are as follows: (1) the method comprises the steps of obtaining a design drawing of the profile of the cross section of the tunnel, establishing a plane coordinate system, converting laser point cloud data of the profile of the cross section of the tunnel into the plane coordinate system, calculating a coordinate azimuth angle of each laser point cloud data, obtaining an arc segment where the laser point cloud data is located, and finally calculating the super-under-excavation numerical value of the laser point cloud data, wherein the calculation process is simplified, and the result can be quickly obtained; the position of the laser cloud data and the accurate over-under-excavation numerical value can be accurately obtained, and effective guarantee is provided for the tunnel construction quality; (2) the calculation method of the coordinate azimuth angle is reasonable and feasible, not only can simplify the calculation process, but also can obtain accurate data information; (3) the laser point cloud data of the profile of the tunnel section is obtained by at least one of vehicle-mounted laser, airborne laser and ground laser scanning, and the data accuracy is high.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a cross-sectional profile of a highway tunnel according to example 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 after converting the laser point cloud data of the cross-sectional profile of a certain highway tunnel into a planar coordinate system.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1:
a tunnel under-excavation numerical calculation method based on laser point cloud comprises the following steps:
acquiring a design drawing of the profile of the section of the tunnel, and establishing a plane coordinate system; calculating the circle center coordinate, the radius and the initial coordinate azimuth angle of each arc segment;
acquiring laser point cloud data of a tunnel section outline (the laser point cloud data of the tunnel section outline is acquired by at least one of vehicle-mounted laser, airborne laser and ground laser scanning, preferably acquired by scanning of a ground erection survey station), and converting the laser point cloud data into a plane coordinate system; calculating a coordinate azimuth angle of each laser point cloud data, judging an ith arc segment (i takes a natural number more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5) where the kth laser point cloud data is located, and calculating the overbreak numerical value of the kth laser point cloud data through an expression 1):
wherein: dkIs the underrun value, x, of the kth laser point cloud dataiIs the abscissa, y, of the center of the ith arc segment of the kth laser point cloud dataiIs the vertical coordinate, x, of the circle center of the ith arc segment where the kth laser point cloud data is locatedkIs the abscissa, y, of the kth laser point cloud datakAs ordinate, R, of kth laser point cloud dataiThe radius of the ith arc segment where the kth laser point cloud data is located.
The value range of the coordinate azimuth angle is [ -pi, pi ], and the coordinate azimuth angle is calculated through an expression 2):
wherein: alpha is alphakCoordinate azimuth, x, for kth laser point cloud datakAs abscissa, y, of the kth laser point cloud datakIs the ordinate of the kth laser point cloud data.
In this embodiment:
the design drawing and the plane coordinate system of the profile of the tunnel section are shown in figure 1, and a circle O where the arch of the tunnel is located is taken1The main circle is taken as the center of the main circle, the X axis is a horizontal straight line which passes through the center of the main circle and is parallel to the arch camber line, the Y axis is a straight line which is coincident with the center line of the tunnel, namely the center of the main circle is taken as the origin of coordinates.
The information of each arc segment can be calculated by combining fig. 1 (here, three arc segments are taken, and see fig. 1 in detail), as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 information of each arc segment of a high-speed tunnel design section
According to fig. 1 and table 1, the method for calculating the tunnel overbreak value is detailed in expression 3):
extracting 78 data points (the number of actual points exceeds 500, and 78 points are uniformly selected in the drawing) of the laser point cloud section data shown in fig. 2, and calculating the kth laser point cloud data out-of-break result according to expression 3) as shown in table 3:
table 3 statistical table of overbreak and underexcavation values of a certain highway tunnel based on laser point cloud
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the effects are as follows:
1. the method comprises the steps of obtaining a design drawing of the profile of the cross section of the tunnel, establishing a plane coordinate system, converting laser point cloud data of the profile of the cross section of the tunnel into the plane coordinate system, calculating a coordinate azimuth angle of each laser point cloud data, judging an arc section where the laser point cloud data is located, and finally calculating the super-under-excavation numerical value of the laser point cloud data, wherein the calculation process is simplified, and the result can be quickly obtained; the position of the laser cloud data and the accurate super-undermining numerical value can be accurately obtained, and effective guarantee is provided for tunnel construction quality.
2. The plane coordinate system is reasonably established, the calculation method of the coordinate azimuth angle is reasonable and feasible, the calculation process can be simplified, accurate data information can be obtained, and the practicability is high.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A tunnel under-excavation numerical calculation method based on laser point cloud is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a design drawing of the profile of the section of the tunnel, and establishing a plane coordinate system; calculating the circle center coordinate, the radius and the initial coordinate azimuth angle of each arc segment;
acquiring laser point cloud data of a tunnel section outline, and converting the laser point cloud data into a plane coordinate system; calculating a coordinate azimuth angle of each laser point cloud data, determining an ith arc segment where the kth laser point cloud data is located, and calculating an overbreak numerical value of the kth laser point cloud data through an expression 1):
wherein: dkIs the underrun value, x, of the kth laser point cloud dataiIs the abscissa, y, of the center of the ith arc segment of the kth laser point cloud dataiIs the vertical coordinate, x, of the circle center of the ith arc segment where the kth laser point cloud data is locatedkIs the abscissa, y, of the kth laser point cloud datakAs ordinate, R, of kth laser point cloud dataiThe radius of the ith arc segment where the kth laser point cloud data is located; the value range of the coordinate azimuth angle is [ -pi, pi]The coordinate azimuth is calculated by expression 2):
wherein: alpha is alphakCoordinate azimuth, x, for kth laser point cloud datakAs abscissa, y, of the kth laser point cloud datakIs the ordinate of the kth laser point cloud data.
2. The method for calculating the tunnel overbreak numerical value based on the laser point cloud as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plane coordinate system is specifically: a circle where a tunnel vault is located is taken as a main circle, an X axis is a horizontal straight line which passes through the center of the main circle and is parallel to an arch raising line, and a Y axis is a straight line which is superposed with the center line of the tunnel.
3. The method for calculating the tunnel overbreak numerical value based on the laser point cloud according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the laser point cloud data of the tunnel section profile is obtained by at least one of vehicle-mounted laser, airborne laser and ground laser scanning.
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| CN109191521B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-05-24 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel point cloud data analysis method and system |
| CN110457739B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2022-12-23 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Tunnel overbreak and underexcavation and primary support and secondary lining concrete volume statistical method |
| CN111536940A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Tunnel overbreak and underexcavation detection system and detection method thereof |
| CN113062769B (en) * | 2021-03-27 | 2022-08-23 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Use method of newly-compiled measurement construction program in horseshoe tunnel |
| CN114241035B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-27 | 湖南联智科技股份有限公司 | Tunnel section overbreak area calculation method |
| CN114742765A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-12 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel section feature point accurate extraction method based on laser point cloud measurement |
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Denomination of invention: A Numerical Calculation Method for Tunnel Overexcavation and Underexcavation Based on Laser Point Cloud Effective date of registration: 20230613 Granted publication date: 20210202 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited Changsha Wangcheng District sub branch Pledgor: Hunan Lianzhi Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980043732 |