CN111423238A - 一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111423238A
CN111423238A CN202010304955.1A CN202010304955A CN111423238A CN 111423238 A CN111423238 A CN 111423238A CN 202010304955 A CN202010304955 A CN 202010304955A CN 111423238 A CN111423238 A CN 111423238A
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伊恒彬
田鑫
周龙
董明
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Liaoning Yifei Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，属于陶瓷基复合材料技术领域。其通过纯陶瓷生坯的制备、复合陶瓷生坯的制备和真空热压烧结得到防弹复合陶瓷。本发明采用高韧性碳纤维与陶瓷体热压烧结，大幅提高了防弹陶瓷的硬度和韧性、御穿甲弹、穿甲燃烧弹多次打击的能力。

Description

一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，属于陶瓷基复合材料技术领域。
背景技术
碳化硼优异的性能，使其在各行各业中的应用越来越多。例如在申请号为CN200910180582.5的中国发明专利申请中公开了一种复合陶瓷，通过将碳化硼与碳纤维复合，提高了碳化硼陶瓷的硬度；虽然通过与其他材料复合提升了碳化硼陶瓷的硬度，但仍难以实现防弹的效果。
申请号为200510086629.3的中国发明专利申请公开了一种钢蜂窝陶瓷夹心复合防弹装甲的制备方法，该方法采用防弹钢板制备蜂窝，填充陶瓷芯片，胶合钎焊形成复合防弹装甲。该复合防弹装甲使用CrMo合金框架，防弹板过重，无法满足轻量化防护甲板的面密度限制。
为了解决现有技术存在的上述问题，大幅提升陶瓷自身防弹性能、和产品质量稳定性，本发明由此而来。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的上述不足，提出了一种防弹复合陶瓷及其制备方法，能够有效抑制陶瓷裂纹的扩散，提高防弹陶瓷抵御穿甲弹、穿甲燃烧弹多次打击的能力。
本发明的技术方案，一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，步骤如下：
（1）纯陶瓷生坯的制备：将生料粉抽真空，再经超声震荡、冷压，得到纯陶瓷生坯；
（2）复合陶瓷生坯的制备：将纯陶瓷生坯正反表面涂胶，粘敷同样面积的碳纤维后，置于真空袋内，抽至真空；再经液压100～180MPa等静压压制，形成复合陶瓷生坯；
（3）真空热压烧结：取复合陶瓷生坯，经温度1800~2200℃，压力30~60MPa，真空热压烧结10~30min，得到复合防弹陶瓷。
进一步地，步骤（1）所述生料粉具体为碳化生料粉。
进一步地，步骤（1）所述碳化生料粉中碳化硼含量大于90%。
进一步地，步骤（1）中所得纯陶瓷生坯的压实密度为1.0~1.8g/cm3，厚度为5~30mm，底面为平面，上表面为平面或弧面。
进一步地，步骤（2）所述碳纤维由碳纤维斜纹编织而成；所述碳纤维轴向导热系数大于30W/m•k、弹性模量大于310Gpa。
进一步地，步骤（2）所述复合陶瓷生坯压实密度为1.5~2.0g/cm3。
进一步地，步骤（3）所述复合防弹陶瓷为整体陶瓷结构，碳纤维镶嵌在陶瓷表面，与碳化硼陶瓷基体通过碳-硼-碳原子键合。
一种防弹复合陶瓷，采用上述方法制成。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下技术效果：
（1）高压液体等静压，大幅提高了陶瓷生坯的高致密度、和坯体质量的均匀性，有效保证了陶瓷烧结的高品质和一致性；
（2）将基于碳化硼的复合生坯与碳纤维压合烧结，烧结后碳纤维镶嵌在碳化硼复合陶瓷表面，该碳纤维层完整连续、高韧性、高导热、耐高温，与碳化硼陶瓷基体通过碳-硼-碳原子键合；
（3）碳纤维层，限制了陶瓷片的碎裂飞溅，提高陶瓷片对弹体的阻碍作用，阻隔弹着点裂纹的传播，提高防弹复合防弹板抵御多次弹击的能力。
具体实施方式
以下实施例中的B4C生料粉购自赛福纳米科技有限公司。
实施例1 一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，步骤如下：
（1）纯陶瓷生坯的制备：将B4C生料粉抽真空，再经超声震荡、冷压，得到纯陶瓷生坯；
所得纯陶瓷生坯的压实密度为1.0g/cm3，厚度为5mm，底面为平面，上表面为平面或弧面。
（2）复合陶瓷生坯的制备：将纯陶瓷生坯正反表面涂胶，粘敷同样面积的碳纤维后，置于真空袋内，抽至真空；再经液压100MPa等静压压制，形成复合陶瓷生坯；
所述碳纤维由碳纤维斜纹编织而成；所述碳纤维轴向导热系数大于30W/m•k、弹性模量大于310Gpa；所述复合陶瓷生坯压实密度为1.5g/cm3。
（3）真空热压烧结：取复合陶瓷生坯，经温度1800℃，压力30MPa，真空热压烧结30min，得到复合防弹陶瓷。
所述复合防弹陶瓷为整体陶瓷结构，碳纤维镶嵌在陶瓷表面，与碳化硼陶瓷基体通过碳-硼-碳原子键合。
实施例1 一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，步骤如下：
（1）纯陶瓷生坯的制备：将B4C生料粉抽真空，再经超声震荡、冷压，得到纯陶瓷生坯；
所得纯陶瓷生坯的压实密度为1.8g/cm3，厚度为30mm，底面为平面，上表面为平面或弧面。
（2）复合陶瓷生坯的制备：将纯陶瓷生坯正反表面涂胶，粘敷同样面积的碳纤维后，置于真空袋内，抽至真空；再经液压180MPa等静压压制，形成复合陶瓷生坯；
所述碳纤维由碳纤维斜纹编织而成；所述碳纤维轴向导热系数大于30W/m•k、弹性模量大于310Gpa；所述复合陶瓷生坯压实密度为2.0g/cm3。
（3）真空热压烧结：取复合陶瓷生坯，经温度2200℃，压力60MPa，真空热压烧结30min，得到复合防弹陶瓷。
所述复合防弹陶瓷为整体陶瓷结构，碳纤维镶嵌在陶瓷表面，与碳化硼陶瓷基体通过碳-硼-碳原子键合。
实施例3
（1）纯陶瓷生坯的制备：将2公斤B4C生料粉（赛福纳米）抽真空，再经超声震荡、冷压、成纯陶瓷生坯；
（2）复合陶瓷生坯的制备：将纯陶瓷生坯正反表面涂胶，粘敷同样面积的碳纤维后，置于真空袋内，抽至真空；再经液压100～180MPa等静压压制，形成复合陶瓷生坯；
（3）真空热压烧结：复合陶瓷生坯，经温度1800~2200℃，压力30~60MPa条件下，真空热压烧结10~30min，得到9毫米厚复合防弹陶瓷。
经测试，复合防弹陶瓷的维氏硬度38GPa, 弯曲强度600MPa，断裂韧性5.9MPa·m1 /2，密度2.47g/cm3，相对密度（致密度）99.7%TD；
将上述陶瓷防弹陶瓷（9毫米厚）与12毫米超高分子量聚乙烯（密度0.97g/cm3）背板复合，面密度小于34kg/m2，经3发7.62x54Rmm穿甲弹燃烧弹枪击（弹速870m/s），无穿孔，超高分子量聚乙烯大变形量BFS（凹陷）小于25mm，满足轻量化防弹要求。
需要强调的是：以上仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，其特征是步骤如下：
（1）纯陶瓷生坯的制备：将生料粉抽真空，再经超声震荡、冷压，得到纯陶瓷生坯；
（2）复合陶瓷生坯的制备：将纯陶瓷生坯正反表面涂胶，粘敷同样面积的碳纤维后，置于真空袋内，抽至真空；再经液压100～180MPa等静压压制，形成复合陶瓷生坯；
（3）真空热压烧结：取复合陶瓷生坯，经温度1800~2200℃，压力30~60MPa，真空热压烧结10~30min，得到复合防弹陶瓷。
2.如权利要求1所述防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，其特征是：步骤（1）中所得纯陶瓷生坯的压实密度为1.0~1.8g/cm3，厚度为5~30mm，底面为平面，上表面为平面或弧面。
3.如权利要求1所述防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，其特征是：步骤（2）所述碳纤维由碳纤维斜纹编织而成；所述碳纤维轴向导热系数大于30W/m•k、弹性模量大于310Gpa。
4.如权利要求1所述防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，其特征是：步骤（2）所述复合陶瓷生坯压实密度为1.5~2.0g/cm3。
5.如权利要求1所述防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，其特征是：步骤（3）所述复合防弹陶瓷为整体陶瓷结构，碳纤维镶嵌在陶瓷表面，与碳化硼陶瓷基体通过碳-硼-碳原子键合。
6.如权利要求1所述防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，其特征是：步骤（1）中所述生料粉具体为碳化生料粉。
7.如权利要求6所述防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法，其特征是：步骤（1）中所述碳化生料粉中碳化硼含量大于90%。
8.一种防弹复合陶瓷，其特征是：采用权利要求1-7之一所述方法制成。
CN202010304955.1A 2020-04-17 2020-04-17 一种防弹复合陶瓷的制备方法 Pending CN111423238A (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111943701A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-17 赛福纳米科技(徐州)有限公司 提高陶瓷材料致密度的热压烧结工艺
CN114166068A (zh) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-11 中国人民解放军93114部队 用于关节部位防护的防爆材料、排爆服和用途

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111943701A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-17 赛福纳米科技(徐州)有限公司 提高陶瓷材料致密度的热压烧结工艺
CN114166068A (zh) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-11 中国人民解放军93114部队 用于关节部位防护的防爆材料、排爆服和用途
CN114166068B (zh) * 2021-12-08 2024-02-06 中国人民解放军93114部队 用于关节部位防护的防爆材料、排爆服和用途

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Application publication date: 20200717