CN111423085A - Method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in grading manner - Google Patents
Method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in grading manner Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
- C10J2300/1628—Ash post-treatment
- C10J2300/1631—Ash recycling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
- C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
- C10J2300/1665—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to alcohols, e.g. methanol or ethanol
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in a grading manner. The method comprises the following steps: preparing metallurgical slag into high-temperature spherical slag particles, wherein the slag particles respectively provide heat for wet semicoke gasification, dry sludge pyrolysis and sludge drying step by step; wet sludge is converted into dry sludge through heat exchange with slag particles, and the dry sludge undergoes a pyrolysis reaction after heat exchange with the slag particles to generate semicoke, pyrolysis gas and tar; the semicoke and the water vapor are subjected to gasification reaction to absorb the heat of the slag particles, so as to generate the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. The invention improves the recovery efficiency of the waste heat of the solid slag particles to 80 percent, and improves CO and H in the produced gas after the thermal conversion of the sludge2Content, H in gas production2The sum of the CO content is increased to 95%. Meanwhile, the invention realizes the sludge and the metallurgical slagHigh-efficiency resource utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in a grading manner.
Background
Municipal sewage sludge is a toxic and harmful solid waste formed after treatment and separation. In recent years, the total amount of sludge has been increasing with the increase in the number of municipal sewage treatment plants. The sludge yield of China reaches thousands of tons every year. At present, the main treatment method of sewage sludge is landfill or composting. Potential safety hazards exist in landfill, and the environment is polluted; the compost has food safety risk and difficult popularization. Moreover, most sewage treatment plants in China attach importance to sewage and slightly look at sludge, and nearly 50% of sludge cannot be harmlessly treated.
The thermochemical conversion represented by pyrolysis and gasification is the most promising sludge reduction, harmless and recycling treatment technology at present. The following problems mainly exist in the treatment of the thermal conversion sludge at home and abroad: (1) gas production impurity (CO)2+CnHm>40%) high content, hydrogen and other effective components (H)2+CO<60%) low; (2) because the water content of the sewage and the sludge is high, the sludge needs to be fully dried, and the treatment cost is high. Therefore, the search for a stable and economic heat source and the improvement of gas production components are important ways for realizing the resource utilization of the sludge.
Meanwhile, the production process in the metallurgical industry has a large amount of high-temperature solid bulk materials and solid particles, such as metallurgical slag. Metallurgical slag (such as blast furnace slag, steel slag, copper slag, nickel slag and the like) and the like are byproducts discharged in a metal smelting process, the discharge temperature is high (>1300 ℃), and a large amount of sensible heat is contained. At present, the traditional treatment mode of metallurgical slag is a water quenching method, a large amount of water resources are consumed by the treatment mode, and the environmental pollution caused by slag flushing water is serious. Therefore, the realization of the waste heat recovery of the solid waste in the metallurgical industry is the key of energy conservation and emission reduction in China.
Therefore, how to efficiently treat urban sewage and sludge in a recycling manner and recover high-temperature particle sensible heat in industrial production in colleges and universities is a problem to be solved urgently in China. This also draws high attention from domestic and foreign universities, research institutes and enterprises, but no report on the application of related technologies in this field is available.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the invention provides the method for preparing the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing the metallurgical slag waste heat to perform graded treatment (drying, pyrolysis and gasification) on the sludge, can realize the graded treatment on the sludge, solves the technical problems of high energy consumption in the thermal conversion process of the sludge and low hydrogen content in the produced gas, and simultaneously realizes the effective recycling of the waste heat of the high-temperature solid particles.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in a grading manner, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) the liquid slag is prepared into 900-1100 ℃ spherical high-temperature particles by a granulation technology, and the particle size of the particles is 1-2 mm. And (3) utilizing the residual heat of the slag particles as a heat source for drying, pyrolyzing and gasifying the wet sludge in the subsequent steps (2), (3) and (4).
(2) Gasifying the semicoke. At this stage, the steam and the semicoke undergo a gasification reaction, and the chemical reaction is shown as a formula [1 ]. And (3) absorbing the heat of the high-temperature (900-1100 ℃) slag particles in the step (1) by gasification reaction to generate hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. At this stage, the mass ratio of slag particles, semicoke and steam is 1: 0.1-0.2: 0.15 to 0.3. And reducing the temperature of the high-temperature slag particles to 500-800 ℃.
C+H2O(g)=CO(g)+H2(g) [1]
(3) And (4) pyrolyzing the dry sludge. The mass ratio of the medium-temperature slag particles at 500-800 ℃ primarily cooled in the step (2) to the dry sludge subjected to drying treatment is 1: 0.3-0.6 of the above-mentioned components. The dry sludge absorbs the heat of the slag particles, and the sludge is rapidly heated and pyrolyzed to generate semicoke and pyrolysis gas containing tar. And reducing the temperature of the medium-temperature slag particles to 200-350 ℃.
(4) And (5) drying the wet sludge. And (3) further cooling the low-temperature slag particles at 200-350 ℃ in the step (3) and wet sludge with the water content of 20-50% after primary filtration according to the mass ratio of 1: mixing the sludge and the slag particles according to a proportion of 0.5-1, and after heat exchange between the wet sludge and the slag particles, heating and evaporating water to generate steam, wherein the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 5%.
(5) In the method, the steam generated in the step (4) enters the step (2), and the semicoke generated in the step (3) enters the step (2); and (3) the slag particles generated in the step (1) sequentially enter the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4).
(6) Cooling the pyrolysis gas generated in the step (3) of the method, and separating tar and pyrolysis gas, wherein the pyrolysis gas can be used as fuel gas; the cooling slag particles generated in the step (2) can be used as cement or building materials; the synthesis gas generated in the step (2) can be used as a raw material for methanol synthesis.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the slag particles are used as a heat source to provide heat for sludge drying, pyrolysis and gasification stages, the process method can be used for efficiently recovering the waste heat of metallurgical slag particles, the heat per ton of slag is recovered by 48kg of standard coal, and the waste heat recovery efficiency is over 80 percent
(2) Improves CO and H in the produced gas after the thermal conversion of the sludge2Content, H in gas production2And the content of CO exceeds 95 percent, thereby improving the application value of gas production.
(3) By utilizing the process method, the purpose of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another is realized. The method solves the problem of resource treatment of the sludge and the metallurgical slag while protecting the environment and saving resources.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing waste heat of metallurgical slag to perform graded treatment on sludge.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The implementation provides a method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in a grading manner, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the liquid slag is prepared into 1100 ℃ slag particles by a granulation technology, and the particle size of the particles is 1-2 mm.
(2) And (5) drying the wet sludge. The drying temperature range is 300-100 ℃. The mass ratio of the low-temperature slag particles at 300 ℃ to the wet sludge with the water content of 50% after primary filtration is 1: 1, after the wet sludge exchanges heat with the slag particles, the moisture is heated and evaporated to generate vapor, and the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to below 5%. The temperature of the slag particles is reduced to about 100 ℃.
(3) And (4) pyrolyzing the dry sludge. The pyrolysis temperature range is 800-300 ℃. The mass ratio of the medium-temperature slag particles at 800 ℃ to the dried dry sludge generated in the step (2) is 1: mixing at a ratio of 0.6. The dry sludge absorbs the heat of the slag particles, and the temperature is rapidly raised for pyrolysis to generate semicoke and pyrolysis gas containing tar. Pyrolysis gas component is H25.4%,CO 33.1%,CH413.1%,CO242.3 percent of the total weight, the other 6.1 percent of the total weight and the calorific value of 10085 kJ/m3。
(4) Gasifying the semicoke. The gasification temperature range is 1100-800 ℃. And (3) carrying out gasification reaction on the steam generated in the step (2) and the semicoke generated in the step (3) to generate hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. The gasification reaction absorbs the heat of the slag particles at high temperature (1100 ℃) in the step (1). At this stage, the mass ratio of slag particles, semicoke and steam is 1: 0.1: 0.15. the composition of synthetic gas is CO 49.0%, H249.0%, the other 2.0%.
(5) In the method, the steam generated in the step (2) enters the step (4), and the semicoke generated in the step (3) enters the step (4); and (3) the slag particles generated in the step (1) sequentially enter the step (4), the step (3) and the step (2).
Example 2
The implementation provides a method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in a grading manner, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the liquid slag is prepared into slag particles with the temperature of 900 ℃ by a granulation technology, and the particle size of the particles is 1-2 mm.
(2) And (5) drying the wet sludge. The drying temperature range is 250-100 ℃. The mass ratio of the low-temperature slag particles at 250 ℃ to the wet sludge with the water content of 20% after primary filtration is 1: 0.5, after the wet sludge exchanges heat with the slag particles, the moisture is heated and evaporated to generate vapor, and the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to below 5 percent. The temperature of the slag particles is reduced to about 100 ℃.
(3) And (4) pyrolyzing the dry sludge. The pyrolysis temperature range is 600-250 ℃. The mass ratio of the medium-temperature slag particles at 600 ℃ to the dried dry sludge generated in the step (2) is 1: mixing at a ratio of 0.3. The dry sludge absorbs the heat of the slag particles, and the temperature is rapidly raised for pyrolysis to generate semicoke and pyrolysis gas containing tar. Pyrolysis gas component is H212.8%,CO 26.8%,CH47.6%,CO241.2%, the other 11.6%, and a calorific value of 8046 kJ/m3。
(4) Gasifying the semicoke. The gasification temperature range is 900-600 ℃. And (3) carrying out gasification reaction on the steam generated in the step (2) and the semicoke generated in the step (3) to generate hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. The gasification reaction absorbs the heat of the slag particles at high temperature (900 ℃) in the step (1). At this stage, the mass ratio of slag particles, semicoke and steam is 1: 0.2: 0.3. The composition of synthetic gas is 48.0% of CO and H248.0%, the other 4.0%.
(5) In the method, the steam generated in the step (2) enters the step (4), and the semicoke generated in the step (3) enters the step (4); and (3) the slag particles generated in the step (1) sequentially enter the step (4), the step (3) and the step (2).
Example 3
The implementation provides a method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in a grading manner, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the liquid slag is prepared into slag particles with the particle size of 1-2 mm at 1000 ℃ by a granulation technology.
(2) And (5) drying the wet sludge. The drying temperature range is 350-100 ℃. The mass ratio of the low-temperature slag particles at 350 ℃ to the wet sludge with the water content of 35% after primary filtration is 1: 0.75, and after the wet sludge exchanges heat with the slag particles, the moisture is heated and evaporated to generate vapor, and the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to below 5 percent. The temperature of the slag particles is reduced to about 100 ℃.
(3) And (4) pyrolyzing the dry sludge. The pyrolysis temperature range is 700-350 ℃. The mass ratio of the medium-temperature slag particles at 700 ℃ to the dried dry sludge generated in the step (2) is 1: mixing at a ratio of 0.45. The dry sludge absorbs the heat of the slag particles, and the temperature is rapidly raised for pyrolysis to generate semicoke and pyrolysis gas containing tar. Pyrolysis gas component is H29.6%,CO 35.6%,CH414.3%,CO225.2%, the other 15.3%, the calorific value is 11415 kJ/m3。
(4) Gasifying the semicoke. The gasification temperature range is 1000-700 ℃. And (3) carrying out gasification reaction on the steam generated in the step (2) and the semicoke generated in the step (3) to generate hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. The gasification reaction absorbs the heat of the slag particles at high temperature (1000 ℃) in the step (1). At this stage, the mass ratio of slag particles, semicoke and steam is 1: 0.15: 0.22. the composition of synthetic gas is 47.5% of CO and H247.5%, the other 3.0%.
(5) In the method, the steam generated in the step (2) enters the step (4), and the semicoke generated in the step (3) enters the step (4); and (3) the slag particles generated in the step (1) sequentially enter the step (4), the step (3) and the step (2).
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing metallurgical slag waste heat to treat sludge in a grading manner is characterized by comprising the steps of drying, pyrolysis, gasification and the like, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: (1) preparing liquid slag into spherical high-temperature particles by a granulation technology; (2) gasifying semicoke, wherein water vapor and semicoke are subjected to gasification reaction at the stage to absorb the heat of the high-temperature slag particles in the step (1) to generate hydrogen-rich synthetic gas, and the temperature of the high-temperature slag particles is reduced and converted into medium-temperature slag particles; (3) pyrolyzing dry sludge, mixing the intermediate-temperature slag particles generated in the step (2) with the dried dry sludge, absorbing heat of the slag particles by the dry sludge, rapidly heating and pyrolyzing the sludge to generate semicoke and pyrolysis gas containing tar, and reducing the temperature of the intermediate-temperature slag particles to convert the intermediate-temperature slag particles into low-temperature slag particles; (4) and (3) drying the wet sludge, mixing the low-temperature slag particles generated in the step (3) with the wet sludge, and after the two are subjected to sufficient heat exchange, heating and evaporating water to generate steam, so that the temperature of the low-temperature slag particles is reduced and the low-temperature slag particles are converted into cold-state slag particles.
2. The method for preparing the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing the waste heat of the metallurgical slag to perform classified treatment on the sludge according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: in the method, the steam generated in the step (4) enters the step (2), and the semicoke generated in the step (3) enters the step (2); and (3) the slag particles generated in the step (1) sequentially enter the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4).
3. The method for preparing the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing the waste heat of the metallurgical slag to perform classified treatment on the sludge according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the liquid furnace slag in the step (1) is blast furnace slag, steel slag, copper slag, nickel slag, lead slag and the like.
4. The method for preparing the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing the waste heat of the metallurgical slag to perform classified treatment on the sludge according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of the high-temperature slag particles is 900-1100 ℃, the temperature of the medium-temperature slag particles is 500-800 ℃, the temperature of the low-temperature slag particles is 200-350 ℃, and the temperature of the cold slag particles is about 100 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing the waste heat of the metallurgical slag to perform classified treatment on the sludge according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the water content of the dry sludge in the step (3) is below 5%; and (4) controlling the moisture content of the wet sludge to be 20-50%.
6. The method for preparing the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing the waste heat of the metallurgical slag to perform classified treatment on the sludge according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the high-temperature slag particles, the semicoke and the water vapor in the step (2) is 1: 0.1-0.2: 0.15 to 0.3; the mass ratio of the medium-temperature slag particles to the dry sludge in the step (3) is 1: 0.3 to 0.6; and (4) the mass ratio of the low-temperature slag particles to the wet sludge is 1: 0.5 to 1.
7. The method for preparing the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas by utilizing the waste heat of the metallurgical slag to perform classified treatment on the sludge according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: CO and H in the synthesis gas in the step (2)2Sum of contents>95 percent; the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas in the step (3) is 7000-11000 kJ/m3。
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CN104830358A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-12 | 东南大学 | Apparatus for preparing hydrogen rich gas through grading gasification of biomasses, and method thereof |
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CN107987890A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-04 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | Organic sludge pyrolysis gasification system and pyrolysis gasification method |
CN110872531A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-10 | 青岛理工大学 | Step waste heat recovery device and method utilizing pyrolysis gasification of solid particle heat carrier |
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2020
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4235625A (en) * | 1977-08-04 | 1980-11-25 | Firma Carl Still | Method of producing hydrogen and carbon-oxide-containing process gases for use for reducing ores |
CN104789235A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-22 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Method and system for preparing biodiesel by sludge catalytic pyrolysis and gasification |
CN104830358A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-12 | 东南大学 | Apparatus for preparing hydrogen rich gas through grading gasification of biomasses, and method thereof |
CN105567327A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-05-11 | 青岛理工大学 | Method for preparing hydrogen-rich fuel gas through high-humidity sludge gasification based on blast furnace slag waste heat recovery |
CN107987890A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-04 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | Organic sludge pyrolysis gasification system and pyrolysis gasification method |
CN110872531A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-10 | 青岛理工大学 | Step waste heat recovery device and method utilizing pyrolysis gasification of solid particle heat carrier |
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