CN111419443A

CN111419443A - Alveolar bone shaping device

Info

Publication number: CN111419443A
Application number: CN202010229348.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘耀强; 刘吉伦
Original assignee: Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
Current assignee: Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
Priority date: 2020-03-27
Filing date: 2020-03-27
Publication date: 2020-07-17

Abstract

The invention relates to an alveolar bone shaping device, which comprises a bone support matched with the shape of the inner wall of an alveolar bone, wherein the bone support comprises a contact surface matched with the alveolar bone, a mounting groove arranged in the center of the bone support and used for mounting a dental implant, and a nail hole used for fixing the bone support; the shaping device provided by the invention can increase the width and height of the alveolar bone, avoid the loosening of the dental implant caused by bone defect, has short healing time after implantation, prolongs the service life of the dental implant, and can also promote the healing time of the shaper and the dental implant after implantation.

Description

Alveolar bone shaping device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tooth implantation restoration, and particularly relates to an alveolar bone shaping device.

Background

Having sufficient bone mass around the implant plays a crucial role in achieving long-term aesthetic and functional results of the dental implant. However, in our daily clinical work, many patients have horizontal or vertical bone defects, especially those with severe atrophy and resorption of alveolar bone caused by long-term tooth loss, trauma or congenital tooth loss. Insufficient bone mass is a problem which is often encountered and needs to be solved in implantation repair, and how to reconstruct sufficient bone width and bone height is a difficulty in implantation repair of large-area bone defects at present.

The traditional implantation and repair method is that the surgical implantation operation is carried out 3-12 months after the extraction of the affected tooth, and the upper false tooth is installed after the implant is healed in the bone tissue for 3-6 months. Because alveolar bone often appears bone defect and can shrink fast after the affected tooth is pulled out, and need just implant after the tooth is pulled out for a long time, cause the height and the width of alveolar bone great change when the operation of planting, after implant implantation, the bone defect between implant and the alveolar bone is more, has seriously influenced the initial stability of implant, has prolonged healing time.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in an effort to solve the problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an alveolar bone shaping device which can increase the width and height of an alveolar bone, prevent a dental implant from loosening due to bone defects, can be implanted immediately after an affected tooth is extracted, has a short healing time after implantation, prolongs the service life of the dental implant, and can promote the healing time after the shaper and the dental implant are implanted.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:

the utility model provides a moulding device of alveolar bone, includes with alveolar bone inner wall shape assorted bone support, bone support include with alveolar bone complex contact surface, locate the mounting groove that is used for dental implant installation of bone support central authorities and the nail hole that is used for fixed bone support, the contact surface of bone support both sides is connected with the regulating part, the bone cell is filled to the clearance between regulating part and the contact surface, the mounting groove includes upper portion, middle part and the lower part that the order is connected, the mounting groove is inboard, correspond upper portion, middle part and lower part and establish upper portion internal thread, middle part internal thread and lower part internal thread respectively.

Further, the bone scaffold is obtained by adopting a titanium net through additive manufacturing technology 3D printing, wherein the thickness of the titanium net is 0.3-0.5mm, and the aperture of the titanium net is 2-5 mm.

Further, the thickness of the titanium net is 0.5mm, and the aperture of the titanium net is 3 mm.

Furthermore, nail holes are distributed on the bone support and are arranged on the corresponding buccal side and the lingual side, 2 nail holes are arranged on the corresponding buccal side, 1 nail hole is arranged on the corresponding lingual side, the bone support penetrates through the nail holes through titanium nails and is fixed with cortical bone and cancellous bone around alveolar bone, the bone support is fixed on the jaw bone through the titanium nails, and the titanium nails are 1.5 × 3mm-1.7mm × 5mm in size.

Furthermore, bone cells are filled between the contact surface of the bone scaffold and the regulating part, and the bone cells are formed by inducing osteogenesis by mesenchymal stem cells extracted from human fat.

Further, the outer side of the contact surface is sequentially coated with a collagen layer and a hydroxyapatite layer, the collagen layer is a double-layer absorbable collagen film prepared by processing and purifying porcine collagen, the specification of the collagen layer is 15mm × 25mm-25mm × 25mm, and 1-2 layers are arranged on the collagen layer.

Furthermore, the outer surface of the adjusting piece is matched with the inner side surface of the alveolar bone, the inner surface of the adjusting piece is matched with the outer surface of the contact surface, the adjusting piece is composed of hydroxyapatite, polylactone or polylactic acid, the adjusting piece is connected with the bone scaffold through a hinge made of a titanium material, and the thickness of the adjusting piece is 0.01-0.5 μm.

Further, the mounting groove is a wide-upper narrow-lower structure, first clamping grooves distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner side surface are formed in the inner side surface between the upper portion and the middle portion of the mounting groove, and second clamping grooves distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner side surface are formed in the inner side surface between the middle portion and the lower portion of the mounting groove.

Furthermore, the pitch of the upper internal thread is smaller than that of the lower internal thread, the pitch of the middle internal thread is smaller than that of the lower internal thread, and the pitch of the lower internal thread is 0.2-0.4 mm.

Further, the elastic modulus E of the bone scaffold is 95063-.

Further, the maximum load S of the bone scaffold is 41.38-43.71N, and the bending strength sigma of the bone scaffold is 486.22-520.58 MPa.

Further, the bending strength σ of the bone scaffold satisfies:

σ=3FL/2bh²，

where L represents the span (mm) of the bone scaffold, b represents the width (mm) of the bone scaffold, and h represents the height (mm) of the bone scaffold.

Further, the implantation of the bone scaffold comprises the following steps:

1) analyzing and evaluating the physical condition of the whole body of the patient and the bone mass of the edentulous area according to the results of oral cavity examination and imaging examination, reconstructing a three-dimensional model of the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the patient, importing the stored jaw models into engineering software, performing virtual bone increment, stacking and molding the required alveolar bone form and alveolar bone mass, ensuring that at least 1.5mm of alveolar bone mass is reserved on the buccal side and the lingual side after the implant is implanted, cutting the surface of a titanium mesh on the surface of the jaw model, designing 2-3 titanium nail holes to fix the titanium mesh with the jaw below the titanium mesh, and designing the diameter of the titanium nail holes to be 1.7mm to obtain a personalized titanium mesh bone scaffold;

2) chemically polishing the bone scaffold obtained in the step 1), and placing the bone scaffold in a solution of 40% hydrofluoric acid and 68% concentrated nitric acid (1: 1) after dense smoke emerges, taking out a sample, placing the sample under running water for washing, washing the residual acid-etched liquid, performing mechanical polishing treatment according to the principles of rough polishing, fine polishing and fine polishing, smoothing the surface of the bone scaffold after the polishing process is finished, finally performing ultrasonic oscillation washing and high-temperature high-pressure sterilization and disinfection, and performing aseptic packaging for later use;

3) the patient does not eat water 8 to 12 hours before an operation, 500mg of amoxicillin is orally taken 0.5 hour before the operation, chlorhexidine is gargled for 3 minutes before the operation for 10 minutes, 2 percent of mepivacaine hydrochloride/epinephrine is used for local infiltration anesthesia in an operation area, an operation incision is designed according to a bone increment scheme established before the operation, a boney periosteal flap is turned over, the shape of a bone of a receiving area is trimmed, cortical ossification is removed, the shape of an allogeneic bone block is trimmed to be matched with the receiving area, a personalized titanium mesh bone bracket is placed, the bone bracket is attached to an alveolar bone, two titanium nails are placed on the buccal side for retention, allogeneic cancellous and cortical bone mixed bone particles are filled around the bone block, the shape of the alveolar bone is integrally molded, a double-layer absorbable biomembrane is covered, and tension-free tight;

4) the wound is closed and closed tightly after the tension is reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the alveolar bone shaping device provided by the invention is used as a space support for bone increment, the titanium mesh has good mechanical strength, soft tissue can be effectively prevented from collapsing and shifting to a bone defect area in a new bone formation process, the mechanical performance is good, certain external pressure can be borne, and space support is provided for reconstructing the width and height of the alveolar bone, so that an ideal alveolar ridge shape is formed.

2. According to the alveolar bone shaping device provided by the invention, the edge of the titanium mesh bone support is stewed in a circular manner through a 3D printing technology, the size and the range of the titanium mesh bone support are matched with a bone defect area, the operation processes such as trimming and bending are not needed, the operation time can be greatly shortened, the operation is simple and convenient, the personalized bone support matched with the bone defect area is designed and manufactured through computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing, so that the complex operation processes such as bending and trimming in the operation process are avoided, the operation time is reduced, and the occurrence of postoperative complications is reduced.

3. According to the alveolar bone shaping device provided by the invention, the collagen layer has good biocompatibility and can promote the adhesion and growth of bone cells in the collagen layer, and the hydroxyapatite layer improves the biocompatibility of the alveolar bone shaper and greatly shortens the healing time of the alveolar bone shaper in the alveolar bone.

4. According to the alveolar bone shaping device provided by the invention, the adjusting piece is arranged on the periphery of the bone support, so that the connection between the implant and the alveolar bone can be stabilized along with the change of the height and the width of the alveolar bone, the device can be well adapted to the installation of the subsequent implant, and the movement of the dental implant caused by the defect of the alveolar bone is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an alveolar bone shaping device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a bone scaffold of an alveolar bone shaping device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an installation groove of an alveolar bone molding device according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a bone scaffold; 2. mounting grooves; 21. an upper portion; 211. an upper internal thread; 22. a middle part; 221. middle internal threads; 23. a lower portion; 231. lower internal threads; 24. a first card slot; 25. a second card slot; 3. a contact surface; 4. a collagen layer; 5. a hydroxyapatite layer; 6. an adjustment member; 7. and (6) nail holes.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an alveolar bone shaping device includes a bone support 1 matched with the shape of the inner wall of an alveolar bone, the bone bracket 1 comprises a contact surface 3 matched with the alveolar bone, an installation groove 2 arranged in the center of the bone bracket 1 and used for installing the dental implant, and a nail hole 7 used for fixing the bone bracket 1, the bone scaffold 1 is obtained by adopting a titanium mesh through additive manufacturing technology 3D printing, the thickness of the titanium mesh is 0.5mm, the aperture of the titanium mesh is 3mm, the outer side of the contact surface 3 is coated with a collagen layer 4 and a hydroxyapatite layer 5 in sequence, the collagen layer 4 is a double-layer absorbable collagen film prepared by processing and purifying pig collagen, the collagen layer 4 has good biocompatibility and can promote adhesion and growth of bone cells on the collagen layer, the hydroxyapatite layer 5 improves the biocompatibility of the alveolar bone shaper and greatly shortens the healing time of the alveolar bone shaper in the alveolar bone.

Nail hole 7 distributes and sets up in corresponding buccal side and lingual side on bone scaffold 1, 2 are established to the nail hole 7 of corresponding buccal side, 1 is established to the nail hole 7 of corresponding lingual side, bone scaffold 1 passes nail hole 7 and the cortical bone around the alveolar bone, cancellous bone is fixed through the titanium nail, bone scaffold 1 passes through the titanium nail and fixes on the jawbone, the size of titanium nail is 1.7mm × 5 mm.

The contact surface 3 of bone support 1 both sides is connected with regulating part 6, pack osteocyte between the contact surface 3 of bone support 1 and regulating part 6, osteocyte is for getting the induced osteogenesis composition of mesenchymal stem cell in the human fat, and osteocyte can promote alveolar bone shaper and alveolar bone combined intensity and speed, shortens the wound healing time after the tooth extraction, the surface of regulating part 6 and the medial surface looks adaptation of alveolar bone, the internal surface of regulating part 6 and the surface looks adaptation of contact surface 3, regulating part 6 comprises hydroxyapatite, and hydroxyapatite is the main composition of tooth, is favorable to the osteocyte to adhere to, and corresponding alveolar bone shaper can increase effective osteogenesis, reduces the absorption of class bone, no longer uses periosteum and life extension.

When a gap exists between the outer side surface of the bone support 1 and the alveolar bone, the inner space of the alveolar bone can be occupied by the adjusting part 6, and the gap between the adjusting part 6 and the bone support 1 can be adjusted due to the connection activity of the adjusting part 6 and the bone support 1, and the specifically adjusted gap is determined according to the gap between the bone support 1 and the alveolar bone and the retraction degree of the alveolar bone.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, combine fig. 3, a shaping device of alveolar bone, include with alveolar bone inner wall shape assorted bone support 1, bone support 1 includes with alveolar bone complex contact surface 3, locate the mounting groove 2 that is used for dental implant installation of bone support 1 central authorities and be used for the nail hole 7 of fixed bone support 1, the contact surface 3 of bone support 1 both sides is connected with regulating part 6, the clearance between regulating part 6 and the contact surface 3 is filled the bone cell.

Mounting groove 2 includes from last upper portion 21, middle part 22 and the lower part 23 of connecting in proper order down, mounting groove 2 is inboard, correspond upper portion 21, middle part 22 and lower part 23 and establish upper portion internal thread 211, middle part internal thread 221 and lower part internal thread 231 respectively, mounting groove 2 is narrow structure down for last wide, establish the first draw-in groove 24 along medial surface circumference distribution on the medial surface between the upper portion 21 of mounting groove 2 and the middle part 22, establish the second draw-in groove 25 along medial surface circumference distribution on the medial surface between the middle part 22 of mounting groove 2 and the lower part 23.

The pitch of the upper internal thread 211 is smaller than that of the lower internal thread 231, the minor diameter of the upper internal thread 211 is smaller than that of the lower internal thread 231, the pitch of the middle internal thread 221 is smaller than that of the lower internal thread 231, and the pitch of the lower internal thread 231 is 0.2-0.4 mm.

The inner wall internal diameter of mounting groove is big-end-up's the inserting and the installation that are favorable to the implant more, the first draw-in groove of accessible and second draw-in groove and mounting groove annular fixture block card are gone into and are mutually supported in the draw-in groove when inserting the mounting groove to dental implant, improve the joint strength between dental implant and the mounting groove, internal screw thread sets up and is convenient for implant into dental implant plastic ware is whole, dental implant implants the back, can improve the stability that dental implant and dental implant are connected, can the whole stress of homodisperse dental implant to dental plastic ware.

Example 3

The implantation of the bone scaffold comprises the following steps:

4) the wound is closed and closed tightly after the tension is reduced.

Example 4

The elastic modulus E of the bone scaffold is 95063-11841MPa, the Poisson ratio upsilon of the bone scaffold is 0.25-0.56, the yield strength F of the bone scaffold is 780-950MPa, the elastic modulus E, the yield strength F and the Poisson ratio upsilon meet the condition that (E + F)/upsilon is not less than 20855 and not more than 48964, the maximum load S of the bone scaffold is 41.38-43.71N, and the bending strength sigma of the bone scaffold is 486.22-520.58 MPa.

The bending strength sigma of the bone scaffold satisfies the following requirements that sigma =3F L/2 bh²Where L represents the span (mm) of the bone scaffold, b represents the width (mm) of the bone scaffold, and h represents the height (mm) of the bone scaffold.

Compared with the pore size, the thickness has larger influence on the stress, strain and deformation values of the titanium net, the thickness is 0.5mm, and the pore size is 3mm, so that the titanium net has the best bearing force.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and substitutions made within the scope of the present invention should be included.

Claims

1. An alveolar bone shaping device, which is characterized in that: including with alveolar bone inner wall shape assorted bone support (1), bone support (1) include with alveolar bone complex contact surface (3), locate mounting groove (2) that are used for the dental implant installation of bone support (1) central authorities and nail hole (7) that are used for fixed bone support (1), the contact surface (3) of bone support (1) both sides are connected with regulating part (6), the bone cell is filled to clearance between regulating part (6) and contact surface (3), mounting groove (2) include from last upper portion (21), middle part (22) and lower part (23) of connecting in proper order down, mounting groove (2) are inboard, correspond upper portion (21), middle part (22) and lower part (23) and establish upper portion internal thread (211), middle part internal thread (221) and lower part internal thread (231) respectively.

2. An alveolar bone shaping device according to claim 1, wherein: the bone scaffold (1) is obtained by adopting a titanium mesh through additive manufacturing technology 3D printing, wherein the thickness of the titanium mesh is 0.3-0.5mm, and the aperture of the titanium mesh is 2-5 mm.

3. The alveolar bone shaping device according to claim 1, wherein the nail holes (7) are distributed on the bone scaffold (1) and are arranged on the corresponding buccal side and lingual side, 2 nail holes (7) are arranged on the corresponding buccal side, 1 nail hole (7) is arranged on the corresponding lingual side, the bone scaffold (1) is fixed with cortical bone and cancellous bone around the alveolar bone by passing titanium nails through the nail holes (7), the bone scaffold (1) is fixed on the jaw bone by the titanium nails, and the size of the titanium nails is 1.5 × 3mm-1.7mm × 5 mm.

4. An alveolar bone shaping device according to claim 1, wherein: bone cells are filled between the contact surface (3) of the bone scaffold (1) and the regulating part (6), and the bone cells are formed by inducing and inducing osteogenesis by mesenchymal stem cells taken from human body fat.

5. The alveolar bone shaping device according to claim 1, wherein the contact surface (3) is coated with a collagen layer (4) and a hydroxyapatite layer (5) in sequence on the outer side, the collagen layer (4) is a double-layer absorbable collagen membrane prepared by processing and purifying porcine collagen, the specification of the collagen layer (4) is 15mm × 25mm-25mm × 25mm, and the collagen layer (4) comprises 1-2 layers.

6. An alveolar bone shaping device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the adjusting piece (6) is matched with the inner side surface of the alveolar bone, the inner surface of the adjusting piece (6) is matched with the outer surface of the contact surface (3), the adjusting piece (6) is composed of hydroxyapatite, polylactone or polylactic acid, the adjusting piece (6) is connected with the bone support (1) through a hinge made of a titanium material, and the thickness of the adjusting piece (6) is 0.01-0.5 mm.

7. An alveolar bone shaping device according to claim 1, wherein: mounting groove (2) are narrow structure under wide, establish first draw-in groove (24) along medial surface circumference distribution on the medial surface between upper portion (21) and middle part (22) of mounting groove (2), establish second draw-in groove (25) along medial surface circumference distribution on the medial surface between middle part (22) and lower part (23) of mounting groove (2).

8. An alveolar bone shaping device according to claim 1, wherein: the pitch of upper portion internal thread (211) is less than lower part internal thread (231), the path of upper portion internal thread (211) is less than lower part internal thread (231), the pitch of middle part internal thread (221) is less than lower part internal thread (231), the pitch of lower part internal thread (231) is 0.2-0.4 mm.