CN111417251A - High-temperature superconducting non-yoke multi-ion variable energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity - Google Patents
High-temperature superconducting non-yoke multi-ion variable energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN111417251A CN111417251A CN202010264982.0A CN202010264982A CN111417251A CN 111417251 A CN111417251 A CN 111417251A CN 202010264982 A CN202010264982 A CN 202010264982A CN 111417251 A CN111417251 A CN 111417251A
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- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
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- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature superconducting non-magnetic-control multi-ion variable-energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity, which comprises a semicircular shell, a semicircular accelerating electrode Dee box, a coarse adjustment structure, a fine adjustment structure and a feed structure, wherein the accelerating electrode Dee box is arranged in the semicircular shell, a gap is formed between the periphery of an electrode Dee plate and the semicircular shell, the coarse adjustment structure and the fine adjustment structure are respectively positioned on two sides of the semicircular shell, the coarse adjustment structure comprises a tuning rod, a coarse adjustment cylinder and a coarse adjustment short circuit sheet, the fine adjustment structure comprises a fine adjustment cylinder and a fine adjustment short circuit sheet, the feed structure transmits high-frequency energy for a high-frequency cavity, the accelerating electrode Dee box provides ion accelerating voltage, the gap between the semicircular shell and an electrode provides an ion accelerating high-frequency electric field, and the corresponding short circuit sheet is moved to adjust the working frequency of the. The invention can meet the requirement of a multi-ion variable energy working mode on the frequency tuning range, and can solve the problem of interference between the cavity frequency tuning structure and the magnet coil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of particle accelerators, and particularly relates to a high-frequency cavity of a high-temperature superconducting non-magnetic-yoke multi-ion variable-energy cyclotron.
Background
The high-frequency cavity of the accelerator mainly comprises an accelerating cavity and a frequency tuning structure, wherein the frequency tuning structure is used for changing the working frequency of the high-frequency cavity so as to adapt to different accelerating energy requirements of different ions. The frequency tuning structure comprises a coarse tuning structure and a fine tuning structure, wherein the coarse tuning structure is generally cylindrical, the coarse tuning structure is generally arranged along the normal component of the sector surface of the cavity of the accelerator, the fine tuning structure is a sheet-shaped plug-in type, and the high-frequency cavity structure of the cyclotron with a typical triple harmonic mode double-tuning structure is shown in figure 1.
In order to meet the requirement of a multi-ion variable energy state, namely the requirement that various ions are accelerated to a specified energy state in a cyclotron, the working frequency of a high-frequency cavity needs to have a wider tuning range, so that the physical size of a tuning structure of the high-frequency cavity is large, and otherwise, a broadband tuning index meeting the requirement is difficult to achieve. After the coil structure without the yoke scheme is redesigned, the difference between the structure of the coil structure and the structure with the yoke is large, and the magnet coil structure usually covers the upper part of the whole high-frequency cavity. This means that the coil structure for realizing high-temperature superconducting without yoke will interfere with the frequency tuning structure for realizing the huge multi-ion variable energy high-frequency cavity, i.e. because of insufficient space, the coil and the frequency tuning structure cannot be placed at the same time. The problem brings difficulty to the high-frequency cavity design work of the high-temperature superconducting non-magnetic-yoke multi-ion variable-energy cyclotron.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a high-temperature superconducting non-magnetic-yoke multi-ion variable-energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity, and the fundamental mode semicircular high-frequency cavity structure based on the tuning structure side loading technology provided by the present invention can meet the requirements of a multi-ion variable-energy working mode on a frequency tuning range, can solve the problem of interference between a cavity frequency tuning structure and a magnet coil, and provides a direction for designing the high-temperature superconducting non-magnetic-yoke multi-ion variable-energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a high-temperature superconducting non-magnetic-yoke multi-ion variable-energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity comprises a semicircular shell, an accelerating electrode Dee box, a coarse adjustment structure, a fine adjustment structure and a feed structure, wherein the accelerating electrode Dee box is semicircular, the accelerating electrode Dee box is arranged inside the semicircular shell, a gap is formed between the periphery of the accelerating electrode Dee box and the semicircular shell, the coarse adjustment structure and the fine adjustment structure are respectively positioned on two sides of the semicircular shell, the coarse adjustment structure comprises a tuning rod, a coarse adjustment cylinder and a coarse adjustment short circuit piece, one end of the coarse adjustment cylinder is connected with the semicircular shell, the tuning rod is placed in the coarse adjustment cylinder, one end of the tuning rod penetrates through the semicircular shell to be connected with the accelerating electrode Dee box, the coarse adjustment short circuit piece is connected with the tuning rod and the coarse adjustment cylinder, the coarse adjustment short circuit piece is arranged in the coarse adjustment cylinder in a sliding mode, and the fine adjustment structure comprises a fine adjustment cylinder and a fine adjustment short circuit piece, one end of the fine tuning cylinder is connected with the semicircular shell, the fine tuning short-circuit piece is arranged in the fine tuning cylinder in a sliding mode, and the feed structure extends into the high-frequency cavity from the edge of the semicircular shell;
the feed structure is a coaxial line structure and transmits high-frequency energy to the high-frequency cavity, the accelerating electrode Dee box provides voltage required by ion acceleration, a gap between the semicircular shell and the accelerating electrode Dee box provides a high-frequency electric field required by ion acceleration, and the working frequency of the electromagnetic field of the high-frequency cavity is adjusted by moving the coarse adjustment short-circuit piece of the coarse adjustment structure and the fine adjustment short-circuit piece of the fine adjustment structure.
Furthermore, the feed structure comprises a feed capacitor, an inner core and an outer conductor, the outer conductor is connected with the semicircular shell, the inner core is placed in a space defined by the outer conductor and connected with the feed capacitor, and the feed capacitor is placed in a space between the acceleration electrode Dee box and the semicircular shell.
Furthermore, the coarse adjustment short circuit piece and the fine adjustment short circuit piece are respectively driven by a driving motor to move.
Further, the high-frequency cavity of the cyclotron works in a fundamental wave state.
Furthermore, the coarse adjustment structure and the fine adjustment structure are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the semicircular shell.
Further, the accelerating electrode Dee box is supported by a ceramic base.
Compared with the prior art, the high-temperature superconducting non-magnetic-yoke multi-ion variable energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity has the following advantages:
(1) on the basis of not changing the structure of the magnet coil, the frequency tuning structure is arranged on the side surface of the high-frequency cavity, so that the problem of interference between the coil and the frequency tuning structure of the high-frequency cavity is effectively solved;
(2) the application provides a semicircular high-frequency cavity structure working in a fundamental mode instead of higher harmonics (such as third harmonics), so that the center frequency can be reduced, and the requirement on the tuning range of a tuning structure is reduced; therefore, the design difficulty and the size of the coarse adjustment structure are greatly reduced;
(3) according to the invention, by setting the fine tuning structure of the cylinder and the short-circuit piece, the influence of the existing tuning piece of the short-circuit piece on the capacitance is more obvious, the tuning capability of the tuning device is stronger than that of the conventional scheme, and the defect that the tuning capability is reduced after the side surface of the tuning range is placed is overcome;
(4) the fundamental wave mode semicircular high-frequency cavity structure based on the tuning structure side loading technology can meet the requirement of a multi-ion variable-energy working mode on the frequency tuning range, can solve the problem of interference between the cavity frequency tuning structure and a magnet coil, and indicates the direction for designing the high-frequency cavity of the multi-ion variable-energy cyclotron based on the high-temperature superconducting non-choke technology.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-frequency cavity of a cyclotron with a double-tuned structure in a conventional triple harmonic mode;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a high-frequency cavity of a high-temperature superconducting non-yoke multi-ion variable energy cyclotron according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial top cross-sectional view of a coarse tuning structure;
FIG. 4 is a partial top cross-sectional view of the fine adjustment feature;
fig. 5 is a partial top sectional view of the feeding structure.
Description of reference numerals:
1-semicircular shell, 2-accelerating electrode Dee box, 3-coarse tuning structure, 4-fine tuning structure, 5-feeding structure, 6-coarse tuning cylinder, 7-coarse tuning short-circuit piece, 8-tuning rod, 9-fine tuning cylinder, 10-fine tuning short-circuit piece, 11-feeding capacitor, 12-inner core and 13-outer conductor.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 2-5, a high-temperature superconducting non-magnetic-control multi-ion variable energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity comprises a semicircular shell 1, an accelerating electrode Dee box 2, a coarse tuning structure 3, a fine tuning structure 4 and a feed structure 5, wherein the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 is semicircular, the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 is arranged inside the semicircular shell 1, a gap is arranged between the periphery of the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 and the semicircular shell 1, the coarse tuning structure 3 and the fine tuning structure 2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the semicircular shell 1, the coarse tuning structure 3 comprises a tuning rod 8, a coarse tuning cylinder 6 and a coarse tuning short-circuit piece 7, one end of the coarse tuning cylinder 6 is connected with the semicircular shell 1, the tuning rod 8 is arranged in the coarse tuning cylinder 6, one end of the tuning rod 8 is connected with the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 through the semicircular shell 1, the coarse tuning short-circuit piece 7 is connected with the tuning rod 8 and the coarse tuning cylinder 6, the coarse tuning short-circuit piece 7 is arranged in the coarse tuning cylinder 6 in a sliding mode, the fine tuning structure 4 comprises a fine tuning cylinder 9 and a fine tuning short-circuit piece 10, one end of the fine tuning cylinder 9 is connected with the semicircular shell 1, the fine tuning short-circuit piece 10 is arranged in the fine tuning cylinder 9 in a sliding mode, and the feed structure 5 extends into the high-frequency cavity from the edge of the semicircular shell 1;
the feed structure 5 is of a coaxial line structure and is used for transmitting high-frequency energy to the high-frequency cavity, the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 is used for providing voltage required by ion acceleration, a gap between the semicircular shell 1 and the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 is used for providing a high-frequency electric field required by ion acceleration, and the working frequency of the high-frequency cavity electromagnetic field is adjusted by moving the coarse adjusting short-circuit piece 7 of the coarse adjusting structure 3 and the fine adjusting short-circuit piece 10 of the fine adjusting structure 4.
The feed structure 5 comprises a feed capacitor 11, an inner core 12 and an outer conductor 13, wherein the outer conductor 13 is connected with the semicircular shell 1, the inner core 12 is placed in a space surrounded by the outer conductor 13 and is connected with the feed capacitor 11, and the feed capacitor 11 is placed in a space between the acceleration electrode Dee box 2 and the semicircular shell 1 and is not directly connected with the acceleration electrode Dee box 2 and the semicircular shell 1. The high-frequency cavity of the cyclotron works in a fundamental wave state.
The coarse adjustment short circuit piece 7 and the fine adjustment short circuit piece 10 are respectively driven by a driving motor to move.
The coarse adjusting structure 3 and the fine adjusting structure 4 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the semicircular shell 1.
The accelerating electrode Dee box 2 is supported by a ceramic base, the ceramic base is of a cylindrical structure with certain mechanical strength, and the ceramic base is made of ceramic; the ceramic base is placed between the accelerating electrode Dee box and the semicircular shell, and two sides of the ceramic base are respectively connected with the accelerating electrode Dee box and the semicircular shell to play a role in supporting the accelerating electrode Dee box. The ceramic base has the advantages of high pressure resistance, good air tightness, good insulativity and no influence on the electromagnetic performance of the high-frequency cavity.
The difference between the present invention and the existing structure is embodied in three aspects, namely a cavity and an electrode, a coarse adjustment structure and a fine adjustment structure.
In the aspect of cavity and electrode: the structure of the high-frequency cavity and the electrode is generally in a fan shape and generally works in a higher harmonic state, so that the fan angle of the cavity and the electrode is about 30 degrees, while the invention works in a fundamental wave state, and the fan angle of the cavity and the electrode is 180 degrees and is in a semicircular shape.
In terms of coarse tuning structure: the coarse tuning structure is not arranged above the cavity shell, and the coarse tuning structure is placed on the side face of the cavity and connected with the cavity and the electrode for reducing the longitudinal size of the cavity.
In terms of fine-tuning structure: compared with the existing fine adjustment structure which is usually arranged in a coarse adjustment structure, the fine adjustment structure is independently arranged, and comprises a fine adjustment short circuit piece and a fine adjustment cylinder, and the fine adjustment structure is also arranged on the side face of the semicircular shell.
Through the arrangement of the structure, the invention effectively avoids the interference between the tuning structure and the magnet coil, and reduces the center frequency and the frequency change range requirement by adopting a fundamental wave working mode, thereby greatly reducing the design difficulty and the size of the coarse tuning structure, and the coarse tuning structure is positioned on the side surface of the semicircular shell and does not influence the tuning capability of the coarse tuning structure; in addition, the fine tuning structure has more obvious influence on capacitance change by changing the distance between the short-circuit piece and the electrode, and changes the distribution of an electromagnetic field by changing the effective capacitance, so that the fine tuning range is wider.
The operating frequency of the multi-ion variable energy cyclotron has a wide variation range and is in direct proportion to the central frequency, and the higher the central frequency is, the wider the required variation range is. The fundamental wave working mode can reduce the center frequency, thereby reducing the requirement of the working frequency variation range and achieving the purpose of reducing the design difficulty.
The working principle and the working process of the invention are as follows: the high frequency energy is supplied by a feed structure 5 consisting of an inner core, an outer conductor and a feed capacitor. The inner core and the outer conductor are responsible for transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic energy generated by the power source to the feed capacitor, and the feed capacitor couples the high-frequency electromagnetic energy to the electrode through an electric field coupling effect between the feed capacitor and the electrode.
The outer conductor is connected with the semicircular shell and the ground, so that a voltage difference is generated between the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 and the semicircular shell 1, an alternating electric field is also formed in a gap between the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 and the semicircular shell 1, when ions enter the semicircular shell 1 from an outer space, the ions firstly pass through the gap between the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 and the semicircular shell 1, and at the moment, the ions are accelerated by the alternating electric field; the accelerated ions do circular motion in the accelerating electrode Dee box 2 under the action of an external magnetic field, and return to the gap again after moving 180 degrees, so that the second acceleration is realized; and the ions are ejected from the semicircular shell 1 after the second acceleration, circularly move under the action of an external magnetic field, return to the gap between the acceleration electrode Dee box 2 and the semicircular shell 1 after moving for 180 degrees, and are repeatedly performed to realize continuous acceleration.
The frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic field is adjusted through the coarse adjustment structure and the fine adjustment structure, so that the acceleration effect of various ions with variable energy is realized. The resonant frequency of the electromagnetic field is related to the equivalent inductance and the equivalent capacitance of the high-frequency cavity, and the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the evolution of the equivalent inductance and the evolution of the equivalent capacitance. The equivalent inductance of the cavity structure is mainly provided by the tuning rod of the coarse tuning structure, and the equivalent capacitance is mainly provided by the interaction between the shell and the electrode. When the position of the coarse tuning short-circuit piece is changed, the equivalent inductance is changed, and the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic field is obviously influenced. When the position of the shorting strip is finely adjusted, the main effect is to finely adjust the equivalent capacitance between the shorting strip and the electrode, thereby causing a weak change in the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic field. When the working frequency needs to be greatly changed, the coarse tuning structure needs to be adjusted; when the working frequency needs to be adjusted finely, only the fine adjustment structure needs to be adjusted.
The parameter pairs for the conventional triple harmonic mode upright sleeve design versus the novel scheme of fundamental mode side-placed tuning structure proposed by the present invention are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 index comparison table for conventional schemes and novel schemes proposed by the present invention
It can be seen from table 1 that the center frequency of the novel scheme of the present application is lower than that of the conventional scheme, and therefore when the relative bandwidth index is required to be fixed, the total amount of frequency variation of the conventional scheme is 48MHz, and the frequency tuning variation range of the novel structure can meet the requirement that the relative bandwidth index reaches 60% only by changing 33 MHz. The reduction of the requirement of the frequency tuning change range greatly reduces the design difficulty of the tuning structure, avoids the interference between the tuning structure and the magnet coil, and greatly increases the realizability of the new scheme.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A high-temperature superconducting non-yoke multi-ion variable energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity is characterized in that: the device comprises a semicircular shell (1), an accelerating electrode Dee box (2), a coarse adjustment structure (3), a fine adjustment structure (4) and a feed structure (5), wherein the accelerating electrode Dee box (2) is semicircular, the accelerating electrode Dee box (2) is arranged in the semicircular shell (1), a gap is arranged between the periphery of the accelerating electrode Dee box (2) and the semicircular shell (1), the coarse adjustment structure (3) and the fine adjustment structure (2) are respectively positioned on two sides of the semicircular shell (1), the coarse adjustment structure (3) comprises a tuning rod (8), a coarse adjustment cylinder (6) and a coarse adjustment short circuit sheet (7), one end of the coarse adjustment cylinder (6) is connected with the semicircular shell (1), the tuning rod (8) is arranged in the coarse adjustment cylinder (6), one end of the tuning rod (8) penetrates through the semicircular shell (1) to be connected with the accelerating electrode Dee box (2), the coarse tuning short-circuit piece (7) is connected with the tuning rod (8) and the coarse tuning cylinder (6), the coarse tuning short-circuit piece (7) is arranged in the coarse tuning cylinder (6) in a sliding mode, the fine tuning structure (4) comprises a fine tuning cylinder (9) and a fine tuning short-circuit piece (10), one end of the fine tuning cylinder (9) is connected with the semicircular shell (1), the fine tuning short-circuit piece (10) is arranged in the fine tuning cylinder (9) in a sliding mode, and the feed structure (5) extends into the high-frequency cavity from the edge of the semicircular shell (1);
the feed structure (5) is a coaxial line structure and transmits high-frequency energy to the high-frequency cavity, the accelerating electrode Dee box (2) provides voltage required by ion acceleration, a gap between the semicircular shell (1) and the accelerating electrode Dee box (2) provides a high-frequency electric field required by ion acceleration, and the working frequency of the high-frequency cavity electromagnetic field is adjusted by moving the coarse adjustment short-circuit piece (7) of the coarse adjustment structure (3) and the fine adjustment short-circuit piece (10) of the fine adjustment structure (4).
2. The high-frequency cavity of the high-temperature superconducting non-yoke multi-ion variable energy cyclotron according to claim 1, wherein: the feed structure (5) comprises a feed capacitor (11), an inner core (12) and an outer conductor (13), the outer conductor (13) is connected with the semicircular shell (1), the inner core (12) is placed in a space surrounded by the outer conductor (13) and connected with the feed capacitor (11), and the feed capacitor (11) is placed in a space between the acceleration electrode Dee box (2) and the semicircular shell (1).
3. The high-frequency cavity of the high-temperature superconducting non-yoke multi-ion variable energy cyclotron according to claim 1, wherein: the coarse adjustment short circuit piece (7) and the fine adjustment short circuit piece (10) are respectively driven by a driving motor to move.
4. The high-frequency cavity of the high-temperature superconducting non-yoke multi-ion variable energy cyclotron according to claim 1, wherein: the high-frequency cavity of the cyclotron works in a fundamental wave state.
5. The high-temperature superconducting choke-free multi-ion variable energy cyclotron high-frequency cavity as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the coarse adjusting structure (3) and the fine adjusting structure (4) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the semicircular shell (1).
6. The high-frequency cavity of the high-temperature superconducting choke-free multi-ion variable energy cyclotron according to claim 5, wherein: the accelerating electrode Dee box (2) is supported by a ceramic base.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12106925B2 (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2024-10-01 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Cyclotron having continuously variable energy output |
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